2022新高考衡水名師原創(chuàng)英語專題卷：專題02 閱讀理解說明類專練

2022新高考衡水名師原創(chuàng)英語專題卷：專題二《閱讀理解說明類專練》（90分鐘，92分）考點01：冠詞3顆星考點02：代詞3顆星考點03：介詞和介詞短語2顆星考點04:名詞3顆星考點05：主謂一致5顆星考點06：形容詞和副詞5顆星考點08：非謂語動詞5顆星考點09：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)5顆星考點10：定語從句3顆星考點13：狀語從句3顆星考點14：特殊句式2顆星考點17：閱讀理解說明文5顆星第I卷（選擇題）（每題2分，共32分）A

Nexttimeyoumakeyourselfahotcupofteaorcoffee,youmightwanttoletitcooldownabitbeforedrinking.

Researcherssaylettingyourhotdrinkscooloffcouldhelpyouavoidsomekindofcancer.ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer(IARC)foundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove651,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus(食道).Theresearchersexaminedfindingsfromotherstudieswhereteaandcoffeewereoftenservedat70℃orabove.ThosestudieswerecompletedinIran,ChinaandSouthAmerica.

Indevelopedcountries,healthexpertshavelinkedesophagealcancertosmokingandalcoholic(酒精的)drinks.However,thisformofcancerismorecommoninareaswherepeopledrinkbeverages(飲料,酒水)atveryhightemperatures.

InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,manypeopledrinkcoffeeandteaattemperaturesaround60℃.Andtheyoftenaddmilkwhichlowersthetemperaturegreatly.However,teadrinkersinIranandmatedrinkersinSouthAmericaoftenenjoytheirbeveragesatcloserto70℃.

TheresearchersfindthatSouthAmericansnotonlydrinktheirmateteaveryhot,theyalsodrinkitthroughametalstraw(吸管).Thissendsthescaldingliquiddirectlyintothethroat.

Thefindings,however,aregoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.In1991,theWorldHealthOrganizationlistedcoffeeaspossiblycarcinogenic(致癌的).TheWHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.Theynowsuggestthatthetemperatureofyourhotdrinkisagreaterriskfactorthantheactualdrinkitself.

Theresultssuggestthatdrinkingveryhotbeveragesisoneprobablecauseofesophagealcancerandthatitisthetemperature,ratherthanthedrinksthemselves,thatappearstoberesponsible.(1).Whatmightbethecauseofesophagealcancer?A.Smoking. B.Alcoholicdrinks. C.Unhealthyvegetables. D.Hotdrinks.(2).Wheredoteadrinkerslikeaddingmilk?A.InChina. B.InIran. C.InEurope. D.InSouthAfrica.(3).Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scalding"inParagraph5mean?A.Sweet. B.Cold. C.Hot. D.Tateless.(4).WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisTRUE?A.Once,theWHOthoughtcoffeewouldcausecancer.B.Drinksbelow60℃cancauseesophagealcancer.C.Temperatureshouldnotbethecauseofcancer.D.Drinkingmilkisamuchhealthierwaytokeepawayfromcancer.B

Haveyoueverwonderedwhat

wildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?

Lowcost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasofferedabighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lovingfelinesinthenorthernRockyMountains.Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe"private"momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.

GrantHarrisisagovernmentbiologistwiththeUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Inhiswords,"there'snodoubtthatthesewildcamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife."Harrissaidsomeimageshelpscientistsseetheeffectsofclimatechange.

ResearcherswiththeWyomingMigrationInitiative,orWMI,areamongthoseusingwildcamerasalongwithglobalpositioningsystems,orGPS.ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS.However,camerascanbeleftinverywildareasfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.

Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Wildvideocanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,wildcamerashavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverinesandbearssometimesattackthem.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.

Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.(1).Whatdoestheunderlinedword"document"inParagraph2mean?

A.Remind. B.Enrich. C.Appreciate. D.Record.(2).Whichisadisadvantageofwildcameras?

A.Theycannotbeleftinthewildoveralongperiod.B.Theycannotbeplacedinhard-to-reachareas.C.Theyprovidelimitedinformation.D.Theymightbestolenbypeople.(3).Whydosomepeopleargueagainstusingwildcameras?

A.Itisdifficulttofixthecameras. B.Ithelpshuntersfindanimalseasily.C.Itishardtoachievecarefulplanning. D.Itmakesanimalsinterestedinthecameras.(4).Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardswildcameras?

A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Uncaring.C

Agroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyeslookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey'renotsodifferent.

Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectivebehaviour,showsthatvulturineguineafowlsofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brainedguineafowlsarerevealingthefaultsinthatassumption.

Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothertomaintaintheirstricthierarchies(等級制度),butatothertimestheyengageinfriendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.

Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsinuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.

Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatvulturineguineafowlshaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroupswithingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyinabird.

AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird'stinybrainsize."Theydon'tonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativetomammals(哺乳動物);theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,"hesaid.

Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.Forexample,ifgroupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroupit'slookingat—noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey'refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.

"Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,"Dr.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havemultilevelsocietiesasourown.(1).Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?A.Theguineafowl'ssocialbehaviour. B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.Hisinterestinanimals'brainpower. D.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.(2).WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theresearchsubjects. B.Theresearchmethods.C.Theresearchfindings. D.Theresearchequipment.(3).Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetoguineafowls.B.Guineafowlsaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainthesocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.(4).Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.B.Toexplaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.C.Tointroduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.D.Touncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.DTheArtofWarisanancientChinesemilitaryworkthatwaswrittenbySunTzu,ahighrankingmilitarygeneralandstrategistinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod.Composedof13chapters,eachofwhichisdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare,itissaidtobethebestworkonmilitarystrategiesandtactics(策略)ofitstime,andisstillreadforitsmilitarythoughts.TheArtofWarisoneoftheoldestandmostsuccessfulbooksonmilitarystrategyintheworld.IthasbeenthemostfamousandinfluentialofChina’sSevenMilitaryClassics.ForthelasttwothousandyearsitremainedthemostimportantmilitaryworkinAsia,whereeventhecommonpeopleknewitbyname.IthashadaninfluenceonEasternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,andbeyond.SunTzuemphasizedtheimportanceofpositioninginmilitarystrategy,andthatthedecisiontopositionanarmymustbebasedonbothobjective(客觀的)conditionsin

thephysicalenvironmentandthesubjective(主觀的)beliefsofothercompetitiveactorsinthatenvironment.Hethoughtthatstrategywasnotplanninginthesenseofworkingthroughanestablishedlist,butitrequiredquickandcorrectresponsestochangingconditions.ThebookwasfirsttranslatedintoFrenchin1772byFrenchJesuitJeanJosephMarieAmiot,andintoEnglishbyBritishofficerEverardFergusonCalthropin1905.LeadersasdiverseasMaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,BaronAntoine-HenriJomini,GeneralDouglasMacArthur,Napoleon,andleadersofImperialJapandrewinspirationfromthework.1.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.TointroduceSunTzu. B.TointroduceTheArtofWar.C.Totellusthehistoryofwars. D.Totellussomemilitarystrategies.2.AccordingtoSunTzu,______.A.topositionanarmyisasubjectivematter B.objectiveconditionsdecideawar’svictoryC.strategymeansstickingtoanestablishedplan D.ageneralshouldreacttochangingconditions3.Theauthorlistssomefamouspeople’snamesinthelastparagraphto______.A.explainthehistoryofTheArtofWar B.advisepeopletoreadTheArtofWarC.showtheinfluenceofTheArtofWar D.proveTheArtofWarisusedinmanyfields4.WhatdowelearnaboutTheArtofWar?A.Itisappliedinmorethanmilitaryfield.B.Ithasahistoryofabout1,000years.C.ItwastranslatedearlierintoEnglishthanFrench.D.Itcontainssomebusinessmanagementstrategies.第=2\*ROMANII卷（非選擇題）（每題1.5分，共60分）一、閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheoriginalChineseoperaMarcoPolo,basedonthestoryoftheVenetianexplorer①_________traveledalongtheancientSilkRoadinthe13thcentury,will②_________(stage)inSeptemberinItaly.③_________(write)inChineseandperformedbyWesternandChinesesingers,theworkisthefirstoriginalChineseoperaproducedbyGuangzhouOperaHousefortheSilkRoadInternationalLeagueofTheaters.Theleagueservesasaplatformfortheperformingartsandwassetup④_________(promote)culturalexchangesbetweenChinaandothercountries.Theprocessofmakingthisoperahasbeenamajoreffortofcommunication.TheVenetianexplorerisseen⑤_________asymboloffriendship.ItalsodescribestheromancebetweenMarcoandayoungChinesewomannamedChuanYun,aswellastheriseandfallofthetwo⑥_________(dynasty)—SongandYuan.Theoperatookaboutthreeyearstoputtogetherwithateamofinternationalartists.Thecomposercombined⑦_________(tradition)ChinesefolkelementswithMongolianmusicandWesternclassicalmusic.MarcoPolois⑧_________signforconnectingcultures.Besidesthe⑨_________(significant)ofcomposingcompletelyforaChineseopera,theopera⑩_________(deliver)somethingmore,thatis,1oveandpeace.二、閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。ThefireatNotre-DameCathedraldeParis(巴黎圣母院)hasraisedquestionsabouttheconditionofthousandsofothercathedralsandhistoric①______(structure)acrosstheEurope.ItalsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherEuropeangovernment②______(do)enoughtokeepupandcareforsuchbuildingsinthepastdecades.TiborNavacies,theEuropeanUnion’stopcultureofficial,toldTheassociatedPressthat“wearesousedtoouroutstandingculturalheritage③______wetendtoforgetthatitneeds④______(restore)fromtimetotime."Somepeoplesaythefirewasawake-upcall,notjustforEurope,butthewholeworld.Largefireshavelongrobbedhumanity⑤______knowledge,artandtreasures.In2015,theGermanengineeringcompanySiemens⑥______(find)thatScotlandhadaboutten⑦______(damage)firesayear,whileEnglandlostatleastadozenlistedbuildingsayear.InGermany,seventyhistoricbuildingshavebeen⑧______(heavy)damagedsince2000.Expertssay⑨______isneedediscontinuousattentionandmaintenance.SomesayworldfamousmonumentslikeNotre-Damearethedrivingforcebehindtourismandshouldgetmorerespect.Sneska,whoheadstheheritagegroupEuropaNostra,notedthe⑩______(significant)ofsuchrespect."Culturalheritageisagoldmine.Youcannotexploititandthenjustleavethemineandgotoanotherone.”hesaid.三、閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(不多于1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。YuRong,

aChineseartist,

thinksofanewwaytointroduce①________ancientstoryofHuaMulaninherpicturebook.

Inthebook,

IAmHuaMulan,

shetellsthestoryby②________(combine)

paper-cuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.

SheplacesShanxipapercutsoverwestern-stylepencilsketches(素描)③________(create)

atypicalpresentationofChineseelements

(元素),whichturnsouttobea④________(success)

andimpressivebreakthrough.HuaMulan,⑤________storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,

wasafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386﹣534).

Asadevoteddaughter,

shedressedherselfasamantoserveinthearmy⑥________placeofherfather.

Mulan'scharacteristics,suchascourage,

kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made⑦________(she)

oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.

Mulan'sstoryhasbeenadapted⑧________(frequent)

inmodernmedia,includingTVshows,

videogamesandliterature.

Forexample,

in1998,

DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,

which⑨________(consider)

agreatsuccessbycriticsandthepublic.Tobettertellthestory,

YuRongtakesinspirationfromherseveral⑩________(visit)

tositesofancientbattlesandHenanprovince'sYuOpera.Afteryearsofpreparationshefinallymakesthisextraordinarywork.四、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。The12thChinaArtsFestivalwillbringaseriesofart

①______________(activity)totheChineseeconomicandartcenter,Shanghai.FromMay20toJune2,morethan50shows

②______________(select)nationwidewillbeperformedinnineteenmajortheatersinShanghai,andafineselectionofcreativeculturalproductswill

③______________(show)attheShanghaiExhibitionCenter.Thefestivalwillinclude④______________(vary)artforms,suchasoperadancing,painting-andphotography.The2019editionisco-organizedbytheministryofCultureandTourismandtheShanghaimunicipalgovernment(市改府).Since

⑤______________(it)beginningin1987,thefestival

⑥______________(change)hostcitiesineachedition,travellingtoareasincludingBeijing,Sichuan,Jiangsu,ZhejiangandHubeioverthepastthreedecades.Salesofticketshaveopenedonline,withticketspricedfromnocost

⑦______________380yuan,accordingtotheorganizers.Toallowamuch

⑧______________(large)numberofaudiencetoaccesstheprograms,thefestivalwillalsobebroadcastliveonline.“Wewillusenewmediatobringtheshowstomoreordinarypeople,

⑨______________willletthemknowmoreaboutthemoderndevelopmentofChinesearts.”saidZhuDi,headoftheministry'sartsdepartment.Thisyear'sfestivalisalsoaimedat⑩______________(promote)tourisminShanghaiwitharts.Thelocalgovernmenthasreleasedatotalof40culture-themedtravelroutestoguidevisitorsthroughShanghai'swell-knownlandmarks.答案以及解析A答案：(1)-(4)DCCA

解析：(1).細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer(IARC)foundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove65C,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus(食道).可知,熱飲可能會造成食道癌,故選D。

(2).細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,manypeopledrinkcoffeeandteaattemperaturesaround60℃.Andtheyoftenaddmilkwhichlowersthetemperaturegreatly.可知,歐洲的飲茶者喜歡添加牛奶,故選C。

(3).詞義猜測題。根據第五段中TheresearchersfindthatSouthAmericansnotonlydrinktheirmateteaveryhot,theyalsodrinkitthroughametalstraw(吸管).可知,Thissendsthescaldingliquiddirectlyintothethroat.這句話的意思是通過金屬吸管把很燙的液體直接送到了喉嚨里,"scalding"的意思是"燙的",故選C。

(4).細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中In1991,theWorldHealthOrganizationlistedcoffeeaspossiblycarcinogenic(致癌的).TheWHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.可知,曾經,世界衛(wèi)生組織認為咖啡會致癌,故選A。B答案：(1)-(4)DCBB

解析：(1).詞義猜測題。根據第二段中的最后一句"Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe'private'momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.(科學家們已經能夠用先進的技術_______野生動物的"私人"時刻)"可知,畫線詞的意思是“記錄”。

(2).推理判斷題。根據第四段的第二句"...asthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS."可知,由于那些設備是有限的,所以他們可以從GPS上收集到的信息也是有限的。

(3).推理判斷題。根據第五段最后兩句"...thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway."可知,這些設備已經成為幫助獵人尋找動物的工具,有些人認為那樣使用照相機是不公平的。由此推測,它幫助獵人很容易地找到動物引起人們的爭論。

(4).推理判斷題。根據最后一段"Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals."可知,即使有這些問題,野外照相機依然是研究野生動物的重要科學工具。由此推測,作者對野外照相機持"積極的"態(tài)度。C答案：(1)-(4)ABDA

解析：(1).考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段的內容以及第四段第一句"Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety"可知,鷲珠雞獨特的行為表現使Dr.Farine覺得它們可能有社會結構,所以他和他的同事開展了這項研究,故選A。

(2).考查段落大意。根據第四段的內容可知,Dr.Farine及其團隊在一年內每天觀察441只鷲珠雞,并用彩帶把它們區(qū)分開,還給其中58只身上裝了定位設備,每天24小時觀察它們的去向,由此可知,本段主要講述了Dr.Farine及其團隊所使用的研究方法,故B項正確。

(3).考查推理判斷。通讀全文并根據最后一段中的"Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain"可推知,即使大腦很小的物種,也可能擁有多層次的社會結構,故選D。

(4).考查寫作目的。本文第一段通過鷲珠雞的行為表現引人話題,第二段介紹了研究發(fā)現,第三、四段講述了開始研究的原因及研究方法,后四段分析了研究發(fā)現。由此可知,本文主要介紹了一項關于鷲珠雞的研究的發(fā)現,故A項正確。D答案：1.B;2.D;3.C;4.A

解析：1.作者意圖題。本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了《孫子兵法》的主要內容以及它在全球的地位和影響。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“SunTzuemphasizedtheimportanceofpositioninginmilitarystrategy,andthat…”,可知孫武主要強調要有戰(zhàn)略思想。

3.推理判斷題。作者在最后一段列舉了一些從這部著作中獲得靈感的名人,是想要證明《孫子兵法》在全球范圍內的影響力。

4.推理判斷題。根據“IthashadaninfluenceonEasternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,andbeyond.”可知《孫子兵法》已經被廣泛應用于商業(yè)管理以及其他方面,超出了軍事領域。一、.答案：

1.who/that

2.bestaged

3.Written

4.topromote

5.as

6.dynasties

7.traditional

8.a

9.significance

10.delivers

解析：【文章大意】源于威尼斯探險家在13世紀沿著古絲綢之路旅行故事的中國歌劇《馬可·波羅》9月將會在意大利上演。這出歌劇傳遞了更多的東西,即:愛與和平。威尼斯探險家被看成友誼的象征。1【答案】who/that【解析】根據句意可知,這是定語從句。因為先行詞Venetianexplorer是人,所以要填關系詞who,源于威尼斯探險家在13世紀沿著古絲綢之路旅行故事的中國歌劇《馬可·波羅》。2【答案】bestaged【解析】根據句意可知,句子要用被動語態(tài)(stage與opera是動賓關系),所以這里要填bestaged(will后面要跟動詞原形),源于威尼斯探險家在13世紀沿著古絲綢之路旅行故事的中國歌劇《馬可·波羅》9月將會在意大利上演。3【答案】Written【解析】根據句意可知,write和thework是動賓關系,所以這里要填Written表示被動關系,用中文寫作,由中西方歌手表演。4【答案】topromote【解析】根據句意可知,這里要填topromote(不定式表示建立藝術平臺的目的),該劇團聯盟作為一個表演藝術平臺,它的建立是為了促進中國和其他國家之間的文化交流。5【答案】as【解析】根據詞組see....as(把.....看作),結合句意可知,這里要填as,威尼斯探險家被看成友誼的象征。6【答案】dynasties【解析】因為前面有數詞two,所以這里要填名詞復數dynasties,以及兩個朝代的興衰。7【答案】traditional【解析】根據句意可知,這里要填形容詞traditional作定語,蒙古族音樂與西方作曲家的中國傳統民間元素。8【答案】a【解析】因為sign讀音是以輔音音素開頭,且是可數名詞單數,所以這里要填不定冠詞a(表示“一”的含義),馬可·波羅是一個連接文化的符號。9【答案】significance【解析】根據前面的定冠詞the可知,這里要填名詞significance,除了作曲對中國歌劇的意義之外。10【答案】delivers【解析】因為句子的主語theopera是單數,且談的是現在的情況,所以要填delivers,這出歌劇傳遞了更多的東西,即:愛與和平。二、.答案：

1.客觀填空structures

2.客觀填空hasdone

3.客觀填空that

4.客觀填空restoring/toberestored

5.客觀填空of

6.客觀填空found

7.客觀填空damaging

8.客觀填空heavily

9.客觀填空what

10.客觀填空significance

解析：【文章大意】這是一篇說明文,是關于大火毀壞文化古跡的,通過介紹巴黎圣母院的大火燒毀了世界聞名的古跡,給人類敲響警鐘。【小題1】答案:structures答案:考查名詞復數。句意:巴黎圣母院的大火,引發(fā)了對歐洲其他教堂和文化建筑現狀的疑問。Structure是可數名詞,前面有thousandsof(成千上萬)修飾,所以要用復數形式,故填structures?！拘☆}2】答案:hasdone解析:考查動詞時態(tài)。句中的inthepastdecades(在過去的幾十年)是現在完成時態(tài)的時間標志,Europeangovernment(歐洲政府)是主語,名詞單數,所以要用hasdone,故填hasdone【小題3】答案:that解析:考查固定搭配。句意:

我們對優(yōu)秀文化遺產太習以為常,以至于我們忘了它也需要時不時的修復。so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”,故填that?！拘☆}4】答案:restoring/toberestored解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:我們對文化古跡的出眾太習以為常,以至于我們忘了它也需要時不時的修復。it指代culturalheritage,與restore(修復)是被動的關系,needdoing/tobedone意為“需要被…”。故填restoring/tob