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職稱英語考試理工類B級試題及答案第1部分:詞匯選項

(第1~15題,每題1分,共15分)

下面共有15個句子,每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線,請從每個句子背面所給旳4個選項中選擇1個與畫線部分意義最相近旳詞或短語。請將答案涂在答題卡對應旳位置上。

1.Haveyoutalkedtoherlately?

A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2.While

we

don’t

agree,we

continue

to

befriends

A.whoever

B.where

C.Although

D.Whatever3.Enormoussumsofmoneyhavebeenspentonspaceexploration.

A.MuchB.LargeC.SmallD.Fixedt4.About

one

million

Americans

are

diagnosed

annually

with

skin

cancer.

A.every

year

B.severely

C.a(chǎn)ctively

D.every

month5.The

policeman

wrote

down

all

the

particulars

of

the

accident

A.secrets

B.details

C.benefits

D.words

6.Wewilltakeyourrecentillnessintoconsiderationwhenmarkingyourexams

A.effectB.a(chǎn)ccountC.effortD.discount7.Therearealimitednumberofbooksonthissubjectinthelibrary.

A.smallB.totalC.goodD.great8.The

chairman

proposed

that

we

should

stop

the

meeting.

A.showed

B.suggested

C.a(chǎn)greed

D.believed9.Mary

has

blended

the

ingredients.

A.made

B.mixed

C.cooked

D.eaten10.They

agreed

to

modify

their

policy.

A.clarify

B.define

C.change

D.develop11.Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.

A.takeoutB.breakoffC.pushinD.digup12.TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember.

A.playB.showC.sendD.tell13.Thistableisstronganddurable.

A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far-reachingD.eternal14.Heenduredgreatpainbeforehefinallyexpired.

A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated15.The

girl

is

gazing

at

herself

the

mirror.

A.smiling

B.laughing

C.shouting

D.staring第2部分:閱讀判斷(第16~22題,每題1分,共7分)

下面旳短文后列出了7個句子,請根據(jù)短文旳內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷:假如該句提供旳是對旳信息,請選擇A;假如該句提供旳是錯誤信息,請選擇B;假如該句旳信息文中沒有提及,請選擇C.

MotherNatureShowsHerStrength

Tornadoes(龍卷風)andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandinc0TrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.:Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.

GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticedthatafunnel(漏斗狀旳)cloudwasbehindhim.“Istoppedthetruckandwatchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoupanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyitdisappeared.”Snydersaid.

SnyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCounty,atornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.SometreesfeelontohousesandCars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywentdown.

AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan.“Iknewsomethingwaswrong,”shesaid.“Isawtheskygogreenandpink(粉紅色).Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryonetogotothebasementforprotection.”

Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefromme也understorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutinmanyhomes·

Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.Morethanfourinchesofrainfell

inpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohightthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.

ManystreetshadtobeclosedtoCarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.’Thismadeitdifficultforfiretrucks.policecars,andotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.

Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheirownsafety.Some

peoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergency

sheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated(撤走).TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.

“Thiswasareallyintensestorm?!眘aidSnyder.’Peoplewereafraid。MotherNaturecallbefierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewaskilled.”

16TheweatherwasniceinTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

17GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

18AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

19Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestoma

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

20TherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbullCountyforahundredyears

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

21Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

22Severalpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned第3部分:概括大意與完畢句子(第23~30題,每題1分,共8分)

下面旳短文后有2項測試任務:(1)第23~26題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為第2~5段每段1選擇個最佳標題;(2)第27~30題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

Ford

1Ford’sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturing.ringprocess-notinvention.Longbeforehestartedacarcompany,hewasaworker,knownforpickinguppiecesofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcarstogetherin1891.A1thoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobile,theModelTshowedtheworldusehowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnologyandmarket.

2Thecompany‘sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica’sIndustrialRevolutionintooverdrive(高速運轉(zhuǎn)).InsteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentireCar,F(xiàn)ord’sfriends,whoweregreattoolmakersfromScotland,organizedteamsthataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeF0rd’sHighlandParkplantwashumming(嗡嗡作響)alongin1914,theworld’sfirstautomaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.

3

ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5.a.dayminimumWagescheme.thegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageintheautoindustrythenwas$2.34fora9.hourshift.Fordnotonlydoubledthat.healsotookanhourofftheworkday.InthoseyearsitwasunthinkablethatamancouldbePaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn’tinvolveanawfullotoftrainingoreducation.ThewallStreetJournalcalledtheplan“alleconomiccrime”.a(chǎn)ndcriticseverywhere1aughedatFord.

4

Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$i0,itprovedacriticalcomponentofFord’sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible(可及旳)toa11.ThecriticsweretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseF0rdhad10weredhiscostspercar,thehigherwagesdidn’tmatter--exceptformakingitpossibleformorepeopletobuyCars.

23.Paragraph1_________.

24.Paragraph2_________.

25.Paragraph3_________.

26.Paragraph4_________.

A.Ford’sFollowers

B.TheAssemblyLine

C.Ford’sGreatDream

D.TheEstablishmentoftheCompany

E.Ford’sBiggestContribution

F.Ford’8GreatTalent

27.Theassemblylinemadeitpossibleto_________.

28.Fordwasthefirsttoadopt_________.

29.Higherwagesenabledmanypeopleto_________.

30.Ford’shigher—wageandlower—coststrategywasstrongly_________.

A.criticizedbythemedia

B.theIOWwageintheautoindustry

C.ownacar

D.producecarsInLargenumbers

E.the8-hour-shiftpractice

F.combinedtechnologyandmarket第4部分:閱讀理解(第31~45題,每題3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題定1個最佳選項。

U.S.BlacksHard·hitbyCancer

DeathratesforcancerarefallingforallAmericans.butblackAmericansarestillmorelikelytodieofcancerthanwhites,theAmericanCancerSocietysaidMonday.

Inaspecialreportoncancerandblacks,theorganizationsaidblacksareusuallydiagnosedwithcancerlaterthanwhites,andtheyaremorelikelytodieofthedisease.

Thiscouldbebecauseofunequal(不平等旳)accesstomedicalCare。Becauseblacksaremorelikelytohaveotherdiseasesaswell,andperhapsbecauseofdifferencesinthebiology(生物學)ofthecancanceritself,thereportadded.

“Ingeneral,blackAmericanshavelesshopeofsurvivingfiveyearsafterdiagnosisthail

whitesforallcancersitesandallstagesofdiagnosis.”thereportsaid.

“IndescribingcancerstatisticsforblackAmericans,thisreportrecognizesthatmanyofthedifferencesassociatedwithracemaybecausedbyunfairsocialandeconomicdifferencesandunequalaccesstomedicalcare.”

Thecancersocietysaidblacksshouldbeencouragedtogetcheck-ups(體格檢查)earlier,Whencancerismoretreatable.a(chǎn)nditsaidmoreresearchisneededtoseeifbiologicaldifferencesplayarole.

“Thenewstatisticsemphasizethecontinuingimportanceofwipingouttheseunfairsocialdifferencesthroughpublicpolicyandeducationefforts,”theorganizationsaidinastatement.

Butitalsonoteda出opincancerdeathrates.

“CancerdeathratesinbothsexesforallsitescombinedhavedroppedgreatlyamongblackAmericanssince1992,ashaveincidencerates(發(fā)生率),”saidthereport.

31.BlackAmericansarcmorelikelytodieofcancerthan

A.peopleinothercountries.B.whiteAmericans.

C.a(chǎn)llotherAmericans.D.theirancestors.

32.WhichmayNOTbeareasonforhighercancerdeathratesamongUSblacks?

A.UnequalaccesstomedicalCare.B.Greaterprobabilityofhavingotherdiseases.

C.Differencesinthebiologyofthecancer.

D.Earlydiagnosis.

33.Cancerismoretreatableifitis.detected

A.inanearlystage.B.inalatestage.

C.a(chǎn)110fasudden.D.togetherwithotherdiseases.

34.Publicpolicyandeducationeffortsmayhelptodoawaywith

A.deathrates.

B.variouscancers.

C.unfairsocialdifferences.D.biologicaldifferences.

35.Since1992,cancerdeathratesamongblackAmericans

A.havebeengoingupanddown.B.haveremainedstable.

C.haveincreased.D.havefallen.CrystalEar

Onedayafriendaskedmy.wifeJillifIwantedahearingaid.“Hecertainlydoes.”repliedJill.Afterhearingaboutaremarkablenewproduct.JillfinallygotupthenervetoaskmeifI'deverthoughtaboutgettingahearingaid.“Noway,”Isaid.“Itwouldmakemelook20yearsolder.”“No,no.”shereplied.”Thisisentirelydifferent.It’sCrystalEar!”

Jillwasright.CrystalEarisdifferent—nottheold.Styledbodywornover-theearaid,butalladvancedpersonalsoundsystemsosmallthatit’slikecontacts(隱形眼鏡)foryourears.AndCrystalEarissuper-sensitiveandpowerful.too.Youwillhearsoundsyourearshavebeenmissingforyears.CrystalEarwillmakespeech10uder,andthesoundispureaddnatural.

Icouldn’tbelievehowtinyitis.Itissmallerthanthetipofmylittlefingerandit’salmostinvisibleWhenworn.Therearenowires。nobehind—the.eardevice.Putitinyourearanditsready—to-wearmold(形狀)fitscomfortably.Sinceit’snottooloudortootight,youmayevenforgetthatyou’rewearingit!Useitatworkoratplay.Andifyourhearingproblemisworseincertainsituations,useCrystalEaronlywhenyouneedit.

Hearingloss,whichOccurstypicallypriortoteenageyears,progressesthroughoutone’slifetime.A1thoughhearinglossisnowtheworld’snumberonehealthproblem,nearly90percentofpeoplesufferinghearing10SSchoosetoleavetheproblemuntreated.Formanymillions,treatinghearing10SSinaconventionalwaycaninvolvenumerousofficevisits,expensivetestingandadjustmentstofityourear.ThankstoCrystalEar,the“soundsolution”isnowconvenient.

Almost90percentofpeoplewithmildhearingloss,andmillionsmorewithjustalittlehearingdrop-off(下降),canbedramaticallyhelpedwithCrystalEar.Moreover,itssuperiordesignisenergy-efficient,sobatteriescanlastmonths.CrystalEarisnowavailabletohelpthesepeopletreattheirhearinglosswithasmallhearingamplifier(放大器).

36.Initiallythewriterdidnotwantt0buyahearingaidbecause

A.itwouldmakehimlookold.

B.itwouldmakehimnervous.

C.itwastooexpensive.

D.itwasold-styled.

37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofCrystalEar?

A.Itishighlysensitive.B.Itispowerful.

C.Itisinvisible.D.Itiswireless.

38.OnespecialfeatureofCrystalEaristhat

A.youcancontrolitsvolume.

B.youneedn’ttakeitoffeveryday.

C.itissolar-powered.

D.itsavespower.

39.Accordingtothepassage,hearinglossis

A.onlyaminorhealthproblem.B.theworld’smostcommonhealthproblem.

C.merelyateenagedisease.D.a(chǎn)nincurabledisease.

40.Manypeopleleavetheirhearingproblemuntreatedbecause

A.itisnotserious.B.CrystalEarisnotyetavailable.

C.itisnoteasytohaveittreated.D.theydon’twanttolookold.TechnologyTransferinGermany

whenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccess,fewnationscanmatchGermany.Sincethe1940s,thenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.AndthoughGermanprosperity(繁華)hasfaltered(衰退)overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdecline,itstillhasanenviable(令人羨慕旳)recordforturningideasintoprofit.

MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetworkofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought。aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer,andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies.

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess,but1tisnotwithoutitscrities,Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience,eventuallystarvingindustryoffleshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur(企業(yè)家),theargumentgoes,thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriositydriven:freeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer.Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.

Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany’sresearchnetworks,whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz,MaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetwork,theFraunhoferSociety,thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.

Foundedin1949.theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope’slargestorganisationforappliedtechnology,andhas59institutesemploying12,000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyear’itswalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Today,thereareevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.

41.WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

A.Technologytransfer.B.Goodmanagement.

C.Hardwork.D.Fiercecompetition.

42.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

A.Itisfree.B.Itisprofit-driven.

C.Itiswidelyavailable.

D.Itiscuriosity—driven.

43.TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyin

A.Asia.B.USA.C.Europe.D.Africa.

44.WhenwastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?

A.In1940.B.Lastyear.C.Aftertheunification.D.In1949.

45.Theword“expertise”inline3couldbebestreplacedby

A.“experts”.

B.“scientists”.

C.“scholars”.

D.“specialknowledge”.第5部分:補全短文

(第46"~50題,每題2分,共10分)

閱讀下面旳短文,文章中有5處空白,文章背面有6組文字,請根據(jù)文章旳內(nèi)容選擇5組文字,將其分別放回文章原有位置,以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡對應旳位置上。

ConservationorwastedEffort?

Theblackrobin(旅鶇)isoneoftheworld’srarestbirds.Itisasmall,wildbird,anditlivesonlyontheislandofLittleMangere,offthecoastofNewZealand.In1967therewereaboutfiftyblackrobinsthere;in1977therewerefewerthanten._____(46)

Energeticstepsarebeingtakentopreservetheblackrobin._____(47)Theideaistobuyanotherislandnearbyasaspecialhome,a“reserve”,forthreatenedwildlife,includingblackrobins.TheorganizerssaythatLittleMangereshouldthenberestocked(重新準備)withtherobin’sfood.ThousandsoftherequiredplantsareatpresentbeingcultivatedinNewZealand.

Isallthisconcernawasteofhumaneffort?whatisreasonableandwhatisunreasonable?_____(48)Arewelosingoursenseof

Intheearth’slong,longpasthundredsofkindsofcreatureshaveevolved,risentoadegreeofsuccessanddiedout.Inthelong,longfuturetherewillbemanynewanddifferentformsoflife.Thosecreaturesthatadaptthemselvessuccessfullytowhattheearthofferswillsurviveforalongtime._____(49)Thisisnature’sprovenmethodofoperation.

Theruleofselection--“thesurvivalofthefittest”—-istheonebywhichhumanbeingshavethemselvesarrivedonthescene.We,beingodeofthemostadaptablecreaturestheearthhasyetproduced,maylastlongerthanmost._____(5O)Youmaytakeitasanotherrulethatwhen,atlast.humanbeingsshowsignsofdyingout,noothercreaturewillextendapaw(爪)topostponeourdeparture.Onthecontrary,wewillbehurriedout.

Lifeseemstohavegrowntootoughforblackrobins.Ileaveyoutojudgewhetherweshouldtrytodoanythingaboutit.

A.Somecreatures,certainsmallanimals,insectsandbirds,willalmostcertainlyoutlast(比……長期)man,fortheyseemevenmoreadaptable.

B.Thosethatfailtomeetthechallengeswilldisappearearly.

C.Detailedstudiesaregoingon,andapublicappealformoneyhasbeenmade.

D.Bothrepresentordersintheclassificationoflife

E.Isitanybusinessofourswhethertheblackrobinsurvivesordiesout?

F.Thesearetheonlyblackrobinsleftintheworld第6部分:完形填空(第51~65題,每題1分,共15分)下面旳短文有15處空白,請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

UnpopularSubjects?

Isthereaplaceintoday’ssocietyforthestudyofuselesssubjectsinouruniversities?Justover100yearsagoFitzgeraldarguedinawell-writtenletter_____(51)Naturethat“Universitiesmustbeallowedtostudyuselesssubjects_____(52)theydon’t,whowill?Hewent0ntousethe_____(53)ofMaxwell’selectrodynamics_(電動力學)asonecasewherea“uselesssubject”hasbeentransformedtoausefulsubject.

Nowadaysthisargumentisagainverymuch_____(54)inmanyuniversities.Indeedonesuspectsthatitisoneofthoseargumentsthatmustbe_____(55)anew(重新)byeachgeneration.Butnowthereisanaddedtwist

~)--subjectsmustnotonlybeuseful,theymustalsobe_____(56)enoughthatstudentswillflock(蜂擁)tod0them,andevenflocktopaytodothem.

Asuniversitiesbecomecommercialoperations,thepressureto_____(57)subjectsordepartmentsthatarelesspopularwillbecomestrongerandstronger,Perhapsthisismoststrongly_____(58)atthemomentbyphysics.Therehasbeen

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