完整word版,高中英語代詞講解與練習(xí)(附答案)

代詞代詞可以分為下列九類1人稱代詞2物主代詞3反代詞4.相代詞5.指代詞6.疑問代詞關(guān)代詞8.連代詞9不定代詞一人代英中主要有以下這些人代詞：數(shù)單

復(fù)數(shù)格

人稱主格賓格

一Ime

二youyou

三he,she,ithim,it

一weus

二youyou

三they人稱代詞做主語時(shí)用主格，做賓語時(shí)用賓格。在作表語時(shí)，用賓格較多，例如Whoisknockingdoor?’sme.但在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中卻常用主格：ItisI∕whowillloveyoufrombeginningtoend.在使用人稱代詞時(shí)有下面幾點(diǎn)值得注意：）以用來代表國家，船只，大地，月亮等。e.g.Iwilldotodo.在列的主語中I總在最后e.g.①M(fèi)aryandIwillbeinchargeof②I,whoallfriends,shouldlovethebottomofheart第人稱，男女兩性并用時(shí)，男先女后e.g.Heandshetagreetothe二物代英中主要有下列這些物代詞：類型我你的他她，它）我們的你的他的詞義

的形容詞性物主代詞myHis,your名詞性物主代詞yourshers,oursyourstheirs形詞性的物主代詞只能作定語，如Iamgoingtomyhomevillagetoparents名性的物主代詞可以作注：代﹢名名，代句其必具的詞）主Oursisbigfamily.賓語Thelifeyourisquite表語dictionaryis----itsmine.“of+詞性物主代可用作定語ofbreakingdown.=is…三反代單數(shù)yourselfhimselfherselfItself復(fù)數(shù)

yourselvesthemselves．這些詞可用來：(注主一的況往用身詞充賓。）作語Itmyselfin作語Inotmyselfthese）作主語或賓語的同位語itselfisallright.在作同位語時(shí)，自身代詞常譯作“本人”或“親自”must他必親自作調(diào)查。與byoneself難區(qū)分byoneself譯“個(gè)人干（不要?jiǎng)e人幫助theallby這器完全是他們自己制造的。．自身代詞常和某些動(dòng)詞連用behave使自己舉止良好),helpsth.請(qǐng)吃...Cometo蘇．常與某些介詞連用byoneself一人（不要?jiǎng)e人幫助）for自己，自己arighttodecidefor他有權(quán)自己決定。in本身Thisnotain這意本身并不錯(cuò)。供己用hadatoherself.她己住一間房。四相代Oneanother與由表相互關(guān)系，稱為相互詞，兩者的用法是差不多的。Wecan(eachWeareeagertoeachother.五指代有注意：．前剛提到的東，英語中常用或those)表示。e.g.①Wenotimeit.Thatourtrouble.②TheyouyesterdayischeaperthanthatIboughtamomentago.1③weatherthesouthwarmerthatinthenorth.(注：that指代單theone，亦指抽的可名詞)指面要談到的事物時(shí)，常用this,表示。Iknowthis:has在面的這種類型的句子里常出現(xiàn)，表示人們或東西（后面多有一定定語修飾）learnonlyfrombooksalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.Thestudentsin1in2.(注：those指代數(shù)詞的數(shù)ones。六疑代有who,whose,which是來構(gòu)成特殊問句的Who通做主語和表語，whom做賓語。一來說，what問的是職業(yè)或地位，的是姓名。----Whatherhusband?----alawyer.比較----washerhusband?-----thesonawriter.whatWhich用已知情況的選擇，其后可以跟而what用未知情況的疑問，其不能跟of.Whatfruityoubest?Whichyoulikebetter,apples?在這類代詞做主語時(shí)面動(dòng)詞可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式可用單數(shù)形式看所代表的人或物是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)來決定。e.g.live(s)inroom?如果不清楚代表的東西是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)，則動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)形式。sdesk?-----There’rebooksit.七連代：問代詞都可以用作連接代詞，來引起語從句，賓語從句和表語從句：不何從我的則“什補(bǔ)么且序要陳語，即導(dǎo)位句其的序主∕結(jié)構(gòu)that只有導(dǎo)語句在定中當(dāng)子分它何況均充句成，起導(dǎo)的作，“意整疑”們that引導(dǎo)名性從，含是之又缺子分用if∕whether引名。Whetherwinorisallsametome.WhatIreallycarewhetheritorThatgreatcountrywellTheideaearthisisnotaIdidn′tknowwhathadhappeneduntilhetoldmethenews.After5hoursgottowhattheythoughtwastheplacetheyhadbeendreamingof.Whenwillthepersonwhoyouthinkisuptotowork?Howheworkeditoutisstillasecret.代詞what有可以用來表thethingwhich這種意思。Wepretendtodontknow.2who(m),等以ever構(gòu)成成詞，和前面所提到的疑問代詞一樣，引導(dǎo)名從。［﹨everything或any］,who∕anything…)whoever(=anyonewho),whomever(=anyoner(﹦anyone等用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。這類引導(dǎo)詞均相當(dāng)于“先行詞＋關(guān)系代詞”，沒有疑問語氣，但沒有ever的引導(dǎo)詞等依含有疑問意味。如：Thepoormanisreadytowhatever(=any)helpheget.那個(gè)年青人意愿接受能得到的任何幫。(=Anyonewho)will任人來都?xì)g迎。Thisgreatwhoeverwantsjob.你之中誰想要，我就給誰。giveit(﹦anyonewhose)nameisonthecoverof注這詞可導(dǎo)語句可“nomatter+疑詞替，疑問詞只引讓狀從且用號(hào)主隔。：Whoever(=Nomatterwho)youare,youcan’tthisway.不管你是誰，你都不能從這里通.﹍﹍﹍﹍willcometohelpwithnbeendecided.A.NomatterwhoB.WhoeverC.WhateverD.Who案D只有D帶疑問口.八不定詞英語中有下面這些不定代all,each,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,以及一些復(fù)合不定代詞如anything,everyone,everything,nothing.1.some,any和的用some/any+數(shù)名詞復(fù)/可數(shù)名詞some用肯定句或期待肯定應(yīng)答的疑問句any用疑問句或否定句，在肯定句中表示“任何一個(gè)Wouldyoulikesometea?canaskmeifyouhavequestions.23).someof代詞賓格復(fù)數(shù)∕++名詞復(fù)數(shù)Iofthem,not（：及any系列表何意可在定，如intheworld,whichcommenourlife.）4).no+可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞Ihavecar.(IhaveWenobreadforbreakfast.(WehadforFillthewithsome,anyornoIaskedherfor_______paper,butshedidn_______.anyWouldliketohave_______bananas?Yes,likesomeLucybikeandsheoftenrideshersister’sbike.noofplantswell.SomeThereairmoon.noThereisn't____paperWillgoandgetforme?Aany;someBany;any．some;someD．A2.few,afew,little,little用：詞\類目alittlea

含義很少幾個(gè)有幾個(gè)很少，不多有一點(diǎn)

語氣否定肯定否定肯定

修飾或代替的名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞1).Ilittlein改錯(cuò)alittle----afewABCD2).Therewaterinthebottle,(補(bǔ)全反意疑問句there．____here;therequiteglasses.AfewB．．few;aDalittleA4).KateaShe_____A.fewaD.acsome與-thing，-body，-one構(gòu)成合詞用some與thing，-body，-one構(gòu)的合成詞的用法與，一。somebody和用于肯定句anything,和用否定句或疑問句注意：這些代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如atbeginning.，，nothing三者跟形容詞,形容詞要放在它們的后面。quiet!Itellyou.AimportantanythingBanythingCimportantD．somethingD4.both和all的法“兩者都”；“三者或以上都”名復(fù)數(shù)Both代詞賓格復(fù)數(shù)Bothofmyarehealthy.名詞復(fù)數(shù)3).all+the+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/可數(shù)名詞Alltheoilbeenup.all+詞賓格復(fù)數(shù)Allofthemgotoall名詞復(fù)數(shù)Allofareeither和neither的用：both：指兩者都，肯。后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。：指兩者中的任意一個(gè)。后面的名詞要用單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)用單數(shù)。neither指兩者中沒有一個(gè)，全否定。后面的名詞要用單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如:MyIsawlastnight,neitherofwhichwasboth……作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.either…or…“是……就是或……或者neithernor…“不…又不…1).BothLiPingI(be)

連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,謂語堅(jiān)持就近原則3NeitherLiPingnorI(be)aamEitherthisansweranswer(be)correct.isBoth(of______theallasleep._____A.AllB.Neitherc---MayIusepen?twoyouthem.bothB.every7).doorangeormilk?_____,thanks.I’djustaofB.C.Both．a(chǎn)reonstreet.AB．a(chǎn)ll．EitherD．everyC6.each和的用：1).each強(qiáng)個(gè)體(一定數(shù)目的兩者或兩者以上，可作主語、賓語、定語、同位語。做主語謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)every強(qiáng)“全體”,只能作定語后面必須跟著名詞，指不定數(shù)目中的每一。Eachboygirlhardeveryinenter。Eachhaslotofishonest.并非每個(gè)人都誠實(shí)。everymanOnsideofthereareshopseachOn__________sideofsquarearetallbuildings.3).還以表示“每…的；每…中的”or一兩年everyotherday隔一天4).連的并列數(shù)主語之前如果分別由each,every,修飾時(shí)，其謂語詞要用單數(shù)形式。Incountryeveryeverygirltoreceiveeducation.1).---oftenareOlympicGamesheld?---____fouryears.EveryEachD.ForATheretrees____sideofstreet.allB.C.dofhasdictionary____themlookupintheABC．D．a(chǎn)here,andthemiseasyunderstand.AB．a(chǎn)llC．everyD．eachD．____hasadictionary____themcaninAB．Every;eachC．Each;D．everyA改錯(cuò)：Igavepresenttoeveryparentsevery改Therehere,andthemeasytounderstand.everyeach7.one,other,(the)和的用one:一代指前面出現(xiàn)過的同類可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)為ones經(jīng)指三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)，意思是“另外一個(gè)表在原有基礎(chǔ)上又再指Itlikethiscoat.數(shù)字+數(shù)名詞：另外幾個(gè)Weneedplates.3).other表“另外作語;other+名詞復(fù)=others沒有范圍限定）當(dāng)other前no,等時(shí)，可接單數(shù)形式。e.g.anyotherother改天)，nootherchoice.the兩者中的另一個(gè)。常與連，構(gòu)成theother(一個(gè)。。另一個(gè))others泛別的人或物，是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物（但不是全部，全部是thesome特其余的人或,是other的數(shù)形式。用和、LeiFengready________.otherscarryingand______arewateringthetreesothersIhavegottenTwoofare_______areblue.othersapenoneandhisintheIreadthreeI’llgotod________.Others/anotherIhave_________threeanotherTheredmorethanwhite_______.aresmallforme.showmeAB．．theothersD．a(chǎn)notherDThereinthisgrade．EightofwomenandaremenAthe．the．othersDBnone,no的用區(qū)41).no只能指人，但不具體指什么人。不與連；謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；表示什么人也沒有，般用來回答及含anyone,anybody起的疑問句。likeawithmanners.——isin———Isthereinroom?——one.一個(gè)都沒有，一點(diǎn)都沒有，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù))可與連用，具體指什么人或物；謂語動(dòng)詞用單或復(fù)數(shù)；指的是三者或三者以上的人或物"有一個(gè),代上文提到的事物，含特指概念。暗示一種數(shù)量，即指數(shù)量一也沒有。一般用來回答+n,how+n及any起的疑問句。請(qǐng)看：usseenhim.HemebutIathand.（特指前面提到的錢）——Howmanytherein————Howmuchmoneydoyouhave————Isthereanywaterbottle?3).nothing指物,泛指；謂語用單數(shù)；強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容。一般用來回答含的般句及引的特殊問句。Hefeltbutcouldfindtoeatin（泛指所有吃的東西，不是特指某一種）——Whatisinbox?————Isthereinthesky?—Nothing.anything—Nothing.下的口將你得清。Noone與none好辨/具人物none填不何與物/No，是路Noone人物，保不出誤There_________innooneofisdifficulties.--Howcatch?None--______.inthe--_________.Noalltired,butthemstoptotakeaAB．SomeDneitherC全部定部否.All,both,everybody,和every加詞都表示全部肯定one,none,nobody,nothing,和no+名詞都表示全部否定；但當(dāng)出現(xiàn)在含有表示全部肯定的不定代的句子中管在他們之前還是之后都表示部分否定；e.g.Bothofthemhaventreadthisstory.(not在后)他兩人并沒有都看過這個(gè)故事。＝oneofthemhasthisstory.All’tgrowtall=notall并非所有竹子都得高。全部否定的例子boysclever,themcanwork）總性副詞如altogether,和連時(shí)，也表示部分否定。athingtfoundeverywhere.這事并非到處可見否定）athingbe這種事什么地方也見不到否）It作詞時(shí)一般替代前面提到的一事物，可以代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以代替不可數(shù)名詞。ONE用代替同類事物中的一個(gè)，只可代替可數(shù)名詞，表示同類泛指，復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones，有時(shí)可有飾詞。用代同類事物中的特指的一個(gè)，表示同類特指，即可代替單數(shù)名詞（替代可數(shù)名詞）也可替代不可數(shù)名詞。其代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)相當(dāng)于one.18ADDDDACC代詞it的法（一）it的法主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面作為人稱代詞的it先代詞的it非人稱代詞的it以及強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的it和it的些習(xí)慣用法。it指前文出現(xiàn)的同一事物、群體、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、活動(dòng)等?？梢源嬉粋€(gè)詞、詞組或整個(gè)子，以免重復(fù)。Thatwasnyouhaddinner，wasit5Ifrememberpoints，itwillhelpyou.Irunning.Itkeepsfit.it也指代嬰孩或姓名∕性別不詳?shù)娜?。youbabycrying？Somethingmusthaveit.ismaking？ItmustbetheSomebodyknockingatthedon’tknowwhotisit?未見具體人，不同于Whothat？到具體某人，但不相識(shí)。it用非人稱代詞的主語，表示氣候、天氣、溫度、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離等或虛指的境?！痵tomorrow,soweallgoingto’sfivemilestotheneareststationfromhere.ItdullTomaway.Itseemsthatonewouldtohelpyou.it充形主或形賓Itgreatmasteraforeignlanguage.Itmearecitethetext.Ifinditmakesome代指動(dòng)名詞，可作形式主語或形式賓語，常用在下列句型中Itgood（nouse）＋動(dòng)名詞①isuse∕cryingspiltmilk.Itawaste＋動(dòng)詞Itisaofarguingwiththem代指名詞性從句wantstomakeitloveorItnotwhatcausedtheaccident.Ittruethatage′bringwisdom.用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中Itiswas＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（主語、賓語或狀語）thatwho…it無何代關(guān)系也無實(shí)義。ItIwho（that）willbeginningtoend.ItinImetItIwantedbuydictionaryIwenttodowntown（二）研究一下近年來的高考試卷可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，含it的句型幾乎年年考到?？梢奿t句型的重要性和使用的普遍性?，F(xiàn)根據(jù)其用法特點(diǎn)可歸納為下列幾個(gè)句型。Itis被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型將強(qiáng)調(diào)的分放在前面其部分置于that之后被調(diào)部分可以是主語賓，表語或狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，可由who換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。Itabout600yearsthatthefirstwithandanhourIt（）ItinImetfather.It＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋…該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語直到才…，以說是not…until…的調(diào)形式。ItuntiloffherglassesthatIafilm＝NotuntilshetookoffglassesIshefilm＝didn’trealizesheafamousfilmstaruntiltookoffherdarkglasses.Ita（…）that…該句型中，that后從句一般用虛擬語氣（should動(dòng)詞原形should可去表出乎意料，常譯為“然”沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。Itapitythatthing（should）in6It（,time）…該句型中后從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是①常過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬.②有時(shí)也用should＋動(dòng)詞原形，不省。常譯早該…的時(shí)……了”。Itthatchildrenshouldgotobed.＝ItthatchildrenItsecond）timethat…該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的從不虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可省去it有時(shí)用this替，常譯“是一（二……次…。ItthefirsttimeIhavelatethisterm.ItthefirsttimesuchIt∕been…since該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題。主句中時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)引的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)從句則用過去完成時(shí)。It（been）5yearshisdied..Itis…when…該句型中的引的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句句中的it指間表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)譯“當(dāng)?shù)暮颍恰?。It5o’clockhecamehere..Itbefore…Itwillbe……再過才…Itwontbe…before不久就會(huì)…It…before…過了多久…Itwasntlong…沒過多久就Itwon′tlongthevillagetakesonentirelynewItwasn′longtheyfellinlovewithother.Itno（）sth.ItgoodwithoutEnglish.練習(xí)Tom,passglasses.IwanttoreadB.herB2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Therearenewwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.aD.fewD3.---Youwant________sandwich?---Yes,Iusuallyeatalotwhen’mhungry.A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theotherB4.ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreof_______.A.theyB.C.themselvesD.theirsC5.---Whichdoprefer,bottleoforangeoraofmilk?---______________,thanks.’dlikeacuptea.A.B.NeitherC.BothD.NoneB6.---Oh!cameinahurryandforgottobringfood.---Nevermind.You________.A.usB.oursC.youD.yoursB7.---Cancomethiseveningtomorrowmorning?---_______isOK.’mfreetodayandtomorrow.EitherB.NeitherC.D.None8.---Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?---Workharderthanterm.A.ourselvesB.myselfC.himselfD.yourselfD9.---Is_______here?---No.LiLeiandHanMeihaveaskedforleave.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.A10.Paulhas_____friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.B.someC.D.moreC11.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,’llhavetopay______$30.A.moreB.otherC.theotherD.anotherD712.---Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?---Yes.Ihavetwosons.______ofliveswithme.TheyarenowstudyinginAmerica?A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.eitherA13.---HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyousafe?---No._______ofthemcanusecomputer.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.AllC14.Whotaught_______Englishlastterm?Was_____Mr.Smith?A.you;itB.heC.your;itD.your;thatA15.---Thatwomanhasabaginherrighthand.’sinher_____hand?A.anotherB.otherC.oneD.theotherB16.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithfriendsof_______.A.usB.ourC.D.ourselvesC17.---Isthereabustothezoo?---Iafraid’sbustothezoo.A.noB.anyC.D.none18.Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayhave_______.A.meB.myC.mineD.myselfC練習(xí)二：1.Thisis______classroom.Whereisour;themB.theyC.our;theirsD.ours;theirsC2.Ourmanagerallowed_______totakeaholidaynextweek.A.youandIB.yourselfandmeandyouD.youandmeD3.-Ifeelabit-Whydon'tyouhave_______water?A.someB.aC.anyD.littleA4.IhavetwocatsandIlike_______.A.allofthemB.thembothC.everyoneofthemD.themB5.Myfathersaidhewouldtake_______fordinnerwhentime.A.allusoutB.outallusC.outusD.usalloutD6.Someofmystudentsstudyveryhar_justdon'tcare.A.TheotherOthersD.otherC7.Mybrotherisamanof_______words.B.fewC.lessD.fewerB8.Thereis_______hopetheworktobefinishedinsuchshorttime.A.muchB.smallC.fewD.littleD9.Someoldbuildingswereputdown,but_______newoneshavebeenbuilt.A.muchmoreB.nomoreC.manymoreD.anymoreC10.Whentheymet,theystoppedandsaidhelloto___.A.eachotherB.eachanotherC.theothereachoneA11.-WhichofthetwoFrenchfilmsdobetter?-_______,becausetheyaremeaningless.A.BothB.EitherC.NoneD.NeitherD12.-TheUSiscertainlyaninterestingcountry.-Yes,youcanfindjustabout_______there.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything13.Althoughthecityissmall,itslibraryisascomplete_______.A