人教版高一英語必修一Unit4

Unit4wordsrise(rise、rose、risen)vi.(指日月星辰煙等的)升起，水位價格溫度的上升=goup;起身=getupn.增加增長起伏=increaseraisevt.抬高提高養(yǎng)育飼養(yǎng)（有被動）1.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.Herosefromhischairandbeganhisspeech.3.Therehasbeenasharpriseinthenumberofpeopleoutofwork.7.Hisjobisraisingchickens.

8.They_____theirarmsandwavedtouswithjoy.AroseBraisedB4.Pricescontinuetorise.6.Thepriceofthetomatoeshasbeen____recently.raised5.Hertemperatureisstill________.rising2.smellyadj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的smelly是有smell這個詞加上后綴-y而形成的。也就是說n+-y可以變成adj.，如：blood+-y=bloodyrain+-y=rainycloud+-y=cloudywind+-y=windysnow+-y=snowygreed+-y=greedydream+-y=dreamytaste+-y=tasty

ice+-y=icyfat+-y=fattymud+-y=muddyfog+-y=foggy

sun+-y=sunny流血的多云的下雪的幻想的冷漠的，冰的泥濘的肥胖的下雨的多風的貪婪的美味的陽光燦爛的有霧的3.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂，爆發(fā);(堤壩等)決口短語：突然……burstinto+n；burstout+doingeg:她突然笑起來。Sheburstoutlaughing.Sheburstinto.他突然大哭起來。Heburstoutcrying.Heburstinto.n.突然爆裂，爆發(fā)短語：aburstof…一陣…eg:一陣笑聲laughtertearsaburstoflaughter勃然大怒aburstofangerburstintoburstwith闖入充滿4.eventn.事件，大事;賽事,(體育比賽等的)項目辨析event,affair,matter,thing,business側重大事，要事，有意義或不尋常之事，或體育賽事，演出或聚會“復雜的，較多的事情，事務”，常用復數affairs表示商業(yè)事務或政府的日常事務，如財政管理，外交事務等。側重指須留心的要事或問題，難題Theelectionwasthemaineventof1999.這次選舉是1999年的主要大事。Heshowsgreatinterestininternationalaffairs.他對國際事務很感興趣。Don’tworry.We’lllookintothemattersoon.別著急，我們將很快調查此事。辨析event,affair,matter,thing,business最普通的用詞，意為“事情，事務”，不管大事小事，好事壞事均可稱為thing；復數things還可作“形式，情況”解作“事務”解時一般不能用復數，常指所指派的任務，責任；有時說的是指派的工作或商業(yè)性的買賣活動Whatisthenextthingwehavetodo.我們下一步必須做的事是什么？Studentsinthecoursemustlearnaboutallaspectsofbusiness.學這門課程的學生主要商業(yè)的各方面知識。5.atanend結束，終結eg:炎熱的天氣終于結束了。Thehotdaysareatlastatanend.Thehotdayscometoanendatlast.beatanend=cometoanend結束短語：putanendto…=bring…toanend使…結束eg:他們應該結束戰(zhàn)爭。Theyshouldputanendtothewar.Theyshouldbringthewartoanend.辨析：atanend,intheend,attheendof,bytheendof…………1).atanend:表示“終結，結束”，與be動詞連用。eg:戰(zhàn)爭結束了。Thewarwasatanend.=Thewarcametoanend.2).intheend:表示“最終，終于”，單獨使用作狀語。eg:最終他們放棄了那項計劃。Theygaveuptheplanintheend.(atlast)3).attheendof:表示“在…的盡頭/末尾”eg:今年年底，我父親要回家。Myfatherwillcomehomeattheendofthisyear.Heisattheendofhispatience.

他已經忍耐到極限了。4).bytheendof:到…末為止，常與完成時態(tài)連用。bytheendoflast…用于過去完成時bytheendofnext…用于將來完成時eg:到上個月末為止，他在那條船上已經待了兩年。Bytheendoflastmonth,hehadbeenonthatshipfortwoyears.到下學期末為止，我將學會3000多個英語單詞。Iwillhavelearnedmorethan3000Englishwordsbytheendofnextterm.6.nationn.民族，國家，國民單詞積累：nationaladj.國家的，民族的，國營的nationalityn.國籍辨析：nation,country,state側重指“人民”，即“國民”Thewholenationwasindeepsorrow.舉國悲痛。側重指“疆土”，即“國土”。HehasbeentomanyAfricancountries.他去過許多非洲國家。側重指“政權”“政體”，即“國權”He’saheadofstate.他是一位國家元首。7.ruinn.【C】倒塌的建筑物，廢墟短語：be/lieinruins倒塌，破敗不堪fallintoruins衰落，敗落eg:現在這座城市已成為一片廢墟了。Thecitynowis/liesinruins.n.【U】毀壞，毀滅，滅亡

vt.(完全地)毀壞，毀掉，使破產辨析：ruin,destroy,damage1).ruin一般指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打擊的結果，常指對美好的活希望中的事物的破壞。2).destroy表示在肉體上，精神上或道義上徹底摧毀，使之無法復原，也可以表示對某物體進行完全的毀滅。3).damage一般指對物體或生命的局部損傷，使整體的價值或作用降低或變得無價值，無作用。這種損傷可以是暴力的或一次性破壞的結果，也可以指非暴力的或長期損害的結果，可修復。8.injurevt.損害，傷害單詞積累：injuredadj.受傷的injuryn.傷害，損害辨析：injure,hurt,wound,harm指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強調功能的喪失，常指事故中的傷害普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上，感情上的傷害指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，尤指戰(zhàn)場上所受的傷一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人的健康，權利，事業(yè)等Abulletinjuredhislefteye.一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。Idon’twanttohurtyou.我不想傷害你。Thesoldierwaswoundedbadly.這位士兵嚴重受傷。Smokingseriouslyharmedhishealth.吸煙嚴重地損害了他的健康。9.shockvi.&vt.(使)震驚，震動n.休克，打擊，震驚單詞積累：shocking令人震驚的，令人吃驚的shocked震驚的，吃驚的短語：beshockedby/at對…感到吃驚eg:對這個消息他并未感到吃驚。Hewasn’tshockedby/atthisnews.辨析：shock,surprise表示來得突然，而且常指不好的事情Chuck’sdeathcameasacompleteshocktoallofus.查克的去世讓我們大家都感到十分的震驚。表示意外的事情，但不一定是不好的事情ItwasquiteasurprisetoknowIwasactuallygoodatdrawing.我發(fā)現自己原來對畫畫很在行，真叫人大感意外。10.rescuen.&vt.援救；營救短語：rescuefrom…從…中救出…cometosb’srescue=gotosb’srescue營救某人eg:他們救了一個溺水的男孩。Theyrescuedaboyfromdrowning(淹死，溺死).辨析：rescue,save1).rescue救助，援救，營救。重在強調迅速行動，從直接的，迫在眉睫的危險中解救。eg:Ateamwassentawaytorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.一個小隊被派去營救困在火中的人。2).save救，救助，拯救。為普通用詞，使用廣泛，常指把處于危險或危急狀態(tài)的人或事物解救出來，使之得以保全。eg:Theycouldthinkofnowaytosavethesituation.他們想不出什么辦法來挽救局勢。11.buryvt.埋葬，掩埋，隱藏eg:她被安葬在她丈夫的墳邊。Shewasburiedbesideherhusband’sgrave.她雙手捂著臉哭了起來。Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcried.短語：buryoneselfin…=beburiedin….專心于…，埋首于…bendone’smind/efforts/thoughtsto…devoteoneselfto…=bedevotedto…專心于…，獻身于…belostin…陷入…中12.sheltern.掩蔽，躲避處，避難，保護短語：takeshelterfrom…躲避…vt.&vi.庇護，掩護(常與from搭配使用)意為“保護…不受…的傷害/侵害”eg:人們在百貨商場躲避陣雨。Peopletookshelterfromtheshowerinthedepartmentstore.那些樹木庇護田地不受冷風侵襲。Thetreesshelterthefieldfromthecoldwind.13.damagen.&vt.損失，損害eg:Smokingcandamageyourhealth.抽煙會損害你的健康。短語：dodamageto…對…造成損害14.frightenvt.使驚嚇，嚇唬frightenedadj.受驚的，受恐嚇的frighteningadj.令人恐懼的短語：befrightenedat…受…驚嚇，見…大吃一驚befrightenedofsb/sth害怕某人/某物同義詞：shock近義詞：surprise15.expressvt.表示，表達短語：expressoneself表達自己的意見或感情expresssthtosb向某人表達某事eg:他向我們致謝。Heexpressedhisthankstous.單詞積累：expressionn.表達，表情WarmingupHowmanyNatureDisasters

doyouknow?typhoon

tornado,hurricaneseismicseawave/tsunamivolcaniceruptionsandstormthunderstormdroughtfloodfirehurricaneEarthquakeWenchuanEarthquakeCanyoudescribehowterribletheearthquakewas?2008.5.12Thecitylayinruins.破敗不堪Thebuildingsfelldown.倒塌Roadsmightcrack.

開裂Manypeoplewerekilledorinjured.受傷的Agreatnumberofpeoplelosttheirhomes.許多，大量AterribleearthquakehappenedinIndia.Tangshan,HebeiJuly28th,19761)

Doyouknowwhatwouldhappenbeforeanearthquake?2)Whatcanwedotokeepourselvessafefromanearthquake?DiscussionGuess:whatmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?BrightlightsflashintheskyAnimalsaretoonervous,suchascows,dogs,horses,andsnakes,etc.MiceranoutofthefieldsFishjumpedoutofbowlsandponds.Therewerecracksonthewells.Thewaterinthewellroseandfell.Don’tbenervousandkeepcalm.Don’ttrytorunoutoftheclassroom.Protectyourheadbyputtingyourbagonyourhead.Squatorsitdownunderyourdesk.Leavetheclassroomaftertheearthquake.THEEARTHDIDN'TSLEEPANIGHTReadingImagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.

imagine:formamentalpicture

imagine+n./pron.

imaginesb.tobe

shake:使搖晃，發(fā)抖，搖動shakehandswithsb.同某人握手shakesbbythehand=shakesb'shand.Languagepointsrightaway:atonce;innotime;immediatelyrightnow:atthisverymomentMakeupyourmind___________.I’llreturnthebook___________.rightnowrightawayHe_____fromhischairwhenthedoorbellrang.Herjobis_______chickens.Hertemperatureisstill______.He________inrankrecently.2.risevi.rose,risen

上升;升起;上漲;升高;增加raisevt.raised,raised

舉起,抬起，喂養(yǎng)roseraisingrisinghasrisensmelly:smell+y=adj.

smelln./v(smelt/smelled)Theywereallhungryandthefood______good.Ican______somethingburninginthekitchen.Pleasethrowthe_______fishaway.smeltsmellsmelly3.A______gascame_____thecracks.smellyoutof4.…thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedand_____.burstburst可以作動詞，意為：使爆炸;使破裂；突然發(fā)生，突然出現。常構成短語burstintosth.或burstoutdoingsth.，表示“突然開始（做某事）”，如：burstintotears=burstoutcrying（表示“突然哭起來”）。也可以作名詞，意為：爆炸。例如：[即學即練]根據burst的用法，完成下列句子。1.Everyoneintheroomburstout_________(laugh).2.Shefoundtherewere________(burst)inthewellwalls.laughingbursts5.Itseemedasiftheworld…1)asif似乎，好像=asthoughShespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認識我似的。2)asif在表語從句中相當于that:Itseemedasifthemeetingwouldneverend.看起來會議沒完沒了。本文中asif的用法就是第二種。Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!=Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend!Itseemedthattheworldwas________.atanendattheendof用于表示具體事物或場所的場合，它也可以用來表示比喻意;bytheendof用于表示時間的場合，到……結束的時候，用于過去完成時態(tài);intheend意思“最后、終于”。Compare:

attheendofbytheendofintheend1)Hisfatherwillreturnhome___________thisyear.2)Hewillbeascientist__________.3)HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?attheendofintheendbytheendof6.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayin_____.ruinslie(lay,lain):tobe,remainorbekeptinacertainstateinruins:severelydamagedordestroyedCompare:ruin;destroy;damage①damage指部分“損壞”、“損害”、“破壞”或指使用價值有所降低。它可以用作動詞,也可以用作名詞,用作名詞時常與tosomething連用。Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetohiscar.②destroy只能用作動詞,指徹底破壞,以致不可能修復,常作“破壞”、“毀滅”解,也可以指希望、計劃等打破。Theearthquakedestroyedalmostthewholetown.③ruin則表示破壞嚴重,以致不能修復,但這種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物,而是強調致使該物的使用價值發(fā)生了問題。用作動詞時,它作

“使毀滅”、

“使崩潰”、“弄糟”解;用作名詞時,它表示“毀滅”、“瓦解”、“廢墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。Thefireruinedthecastle.Thehousehasfallenintoruin.Thecompanyisfacingruin.Thevillage___inruinsafterthewar.Thesemachineshave____idlesincethefactoryclosed.Anearthquakeleftthewholetown_______.Hiscareeris________.laylaininruinsinruinsEverywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwas_________.destroyedHe______hisgirlfriend’sprospectsruinedSoftwood________easily.damages7.Two-thirds

ofthepeoplediedorwere_______duringtheearthquake.injuredMorethan61%ofthesurfaceoftheearth____coveredbywater.Seventypercentoftheworkersinthisfactory____young.以百分數作為主語的，謂語動詞是單數還是負數取決于百分數后面跟的名詞是可數還是不可數的。isare請根據提示完成下列句子。1.________(三分之一)ofthestudentsinourclass____(be)girls.2.__________(五分之三)ofthesoil__________(wash)awaybythefloodlastnight.3.______(一半)ofthedesksinthisschool________(make)inhiscompany.4.______(大部分的)ofthelecturehemadeyesterday______(be)interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswaswashedHalfaremadeMostwas5._________________(數萬)people_____________(dance)inthebigsquarenow.6.Therewere____________(一萬)studentstakingpartintheexamyesterday.7._________________(百分之九十)ofthemountain__________(cover)bytrees.iscoveredTensofthousandsofaredancingtenthousand90%/90percentCompare:injure;hurt;wound

injure:tohurtoneself/sb./sth.physically三者都可表示受傷，傷害。hurt可指對身體上的傷害，也指對心靈造成的傷害。wound一般指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷等，尤其指在戰(zhàn)爭中，打斗中受傷。injure一般是指在事故中受傷，往往意為“外傷”。Theircriticisms_________himdeeply.Smokingwill________hishealth.Hewasslightly________inthecaraccident.Hegot_________inthefighting.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.havehurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt8.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.[分析]a.這是一個由and連接的并列復合句。b.本句的結構是：第一個分句（Thousandsoffamilieswerekilled）+and+第二個分句（manychildrenwereleftwithoutparents）。c.第二個分句的結構為：主語（manychildren）+謂語（wereleft）+主語補足語（withoutparents）。d.可以充當補足語的還有形容詞、分詞、不定式、名詞或句子等。[仿寫]________________________________________________________________________（有這么多作業(yè)要做，我怎么能輕松起來呢？）HowcouldIfeelrelaxedwithsomuchhomeworktodo?9.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.coverv.遮蓋，遮蔽，報道，占有..面積becoveredwith/by被...覆蓋Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.cover...with..用...蓋...Hecoveredthetablewithatable-cloth.Shewillstaythere,coveringthewholegame.Ourorchardscover(anareaof)1000mu.10.Trap閱讀下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。1)Theelevatorbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it).2)Imusttakenonoticeoftheirpolitenessorkindnesswhichwasdesignedtotrapmeintogivinginformation.3)Ifwe’relucky,thethiefwillfallrightintoourtrap.4)Tobreakoutofthetraptheyneedhelpfromthegovernment.[自我歸納]trap可以作_____，意為：___________（句1）?？梢詷嫵啥陶Zo(doing)sth.，表示“使中計；使陷入圈套”（句2）。也可以作名詞,意為：_____（句3）；_____（句4）。動詞使陷入困境困境陷阱[即學即練]根據括號內的提示完成句子。1.Iknewperfectlywell_____________(這是一個陷阱).2.Bycleverquestioning,they______________(誘使他)makinganagreement.itwasatraptrappedhiminto[考點]last在此句中意為“持續(xù)，延續(xù)”?？蓡为毷褂?，也可后接for+一段時間（for可以省略）。11.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.[考例]Theeveningnewscomesonatseveno’clockand______onlythirtyminutes.(2004全國卷II)A.keeps B.continuesC.finishesD.lasts[點撥]根據句意“……只持續(xù)30分鐘”，排除C；keep意為“維持，保持”時，后接形容詞作表語，排除A;continue指繼續(xù)做某事；last指某事持續(xù)了多長時間。12.Allhopewasnotlost.[考點]all...not=notall...意為“并不都……”，是部分否定。當all,both及every的合成詞與not連用時，表示部分否定；完全否定要用no,never,nowhere,none,neither,nothing,nobody等。[考例]Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’tagreewith______.(NMET1997)A.everything B.anythingC.something D.nothing[點撥]根據前面的“我同意你說的大部分”，暗示“我并不同意所有的”，可知是部分否定，選A。not...everything表示的是部分否定。13.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.digout挖掘；發(fā)現bury:A.toplaceinthegroundB.tooccupy(oneself)withdeepconcentration;absorbThedogburiedtheboneintheground.Iburiedmyselfinmystudies.buryoneselfin=beburiedindevoteoneselfto=bedevotedtoa.這是一個含有定語從句的復合句。b.本句的結構是：主語（Thearmy）+謂語（organized）+賓語（teams）+目的狀語（todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead）。c.whoweretrapped是定語從句，修飾先行詞those。d.and連接兩個不定式短語作目的狀語。14.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.[考點]whose意為“……的”，在定語從句中作關系代詞，后接名詞。當前面的先行詞與后面的名詞構成所屬關系時，就用關系代詞whose。其先行詞可以是人，也可以是物。[考例]Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.(天津2005)A.that B.whoseC.those D.what[點撥]因from前是逗號，可判斷出后面是一個定語從句，排除those；從句部分與先行詞之間的關系為：thepeoplearestillsufferingfromtheeffectsofthefloods，whose指代ofthefloods,在句中作定語，故此題選B。Jointhecorrectpartsofthesentences.Doafastreadingofthepassage.2The

peopledidn’tworrybecause

1Thechickensdidn’teatbecause

Ctheywerenervous.Etheydidn’tknowwhatthestrangeeventsmeant.3Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecause4Waterwasneededbecause5ThepeopledidnotlosehopebecauseDdamsandwellswereuseless.Bthequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.A

thearmycametohelpthem.

Secondreading:

Structureofthetextshockeddestroyed2-3noonenoticedStrangethings1freshwatershelterstobury4DetailsofeachpartThirdreading:Part1Part2Part3roseandfelldeepcracks,smellygasranoutof,lookingforplacestohidetoonervoustoeatjumpedoutbrightlightssoundofplanesheardevennoplanescrackedandburstPart1Data(數據)______ofthenationfelttheearthquake.Ahugecrackthatwas__kilometreslongand

_____metreswidecutacrosshouses.In___terriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.

____ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan________.Allofthecity’shospitals,_____ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand_____ofitshomesweregone.1/3830152/3400,00075%90%Para.2-3Thesenumbersshowthedestructiveeffectsofearthquakedirectlytouswhichcanhelpusgainmoreinformationabouttheearthquake.HowthearmyhelpedthepeopleinTangshan?Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythosewhoweretrapped.☆Minerswererescuedfromthecoalmines.☆Shelterswerebuiltforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.☆Freshwaterwastakentothecity.☆Part3:AftertheearthquakePost-reading:Retellthestory____________happenedinTangShan.Forafewdays,waterinthewells_____________.Fromthe______ofwells__________comeout.Mice,chicken,pigsandevenfishbecame________.At3:00am,everythingbeganto______.Itseemedthattheworldwas_________._________ofthenation____it.___________cutacrossthecity.Thecitylay_______.StrangethingsroseandfellcrackssmellygasnervousshakeatanendOne-thirdfeltAhugecrackinruinsTwo-thirdsofthepeople_____or___________.Thenlaterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake______TangShan.Peoplebegantowonder___________________________.Butallhope____________._______cametohelpthose________.Slowly,thecitybeganto_____________.diedwereinjuredshookhowlongthedisasterwouldlastwasnotlostSoldiersbreatheagainsurvivorsDiscussionWhatcanwedotoreducethedamageofearthquakes?keys1.Buildhousesalongthelineswheretwooftheearth’splatesjointogether;2.Buildthehousesonrockthanonsand.3.Makethehousesasstrongaspossible,weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake.

TheAttributiveClause

定語從句：由一個句子充當定語從句的位置：在名詞或代詞后先行詞：

被定語從句修飾的詞引導詞：引導定語從句的詞關系代詞關系副詞

引導詞的作用:(1)引導定語從句(2)在從句中作一成份(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoishandsomeisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTomTheboy

whoisnaughtyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主語)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Thewomangotthejob.

ThewomancanspeakRussian.Thewoman

whocanspeakRussian

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.

(賓語)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.

Ex:Heistheteacher.Theteachercanspeak

French.HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.Doyouknowtheman?

Hecametovisityoutoday.Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.

Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich(主語)iseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)(賓語)youtalkedaboutlastnight.

that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.

4.

that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。(5)先行詞是who或who引導的主句。

Whoisthegirl

thatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引導時

Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.(7)當先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時，關系代詞用that.Sheisn’tthegirl

thatshewas10yearsago.(8)當先行詞是which時，關系代詞用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree____isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_____Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat

who,that

（先行詞為人）區(qū)別1.用who不用that的情況：(1)當先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those時。(2)當先行詞為人稱代詞時。HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Thosewhohaveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractise2.只能用which,不用that的情況:

1.介詞前置時關系代詞只能用which(先行詞為物)2.引導非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子時只能用which(1)Shefailedtheexam,whichmadeherparentsvaryangry.(2)Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.whose

在定語從句中作定語,表示引導詞與whose

后的名詞為所屬關系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物時可與ofwhich互換使用。

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ThisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblueThisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblueDoyouknowthegirl?HerhairisveryshortinourclassDoyouknowthegirlwhosehairis

thehairofwhomveryshortinourclass?Heisthestudent.IbrokehispencilyesterdayHeisthestudentwhosepencil

thepencilofwhomIbrokeyesterday.MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,whosestoryIhavetoldyou..Thechairisbeingrepairednow.Thelegsofthechairarebroken.Thechair,whoselegsarebrokenthelegsofwhicharebroken,ofwhichthelegsarebroken

isbeingrepairednow.

Thebossofthecompanytoldthestoryabout….HisnamewasMrLittle.Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMrLittle,toldthestoryaboutMsKingThisteacherislikedbyallthestudents.Iworkwithherson.Thisteacher,withwhosesonIwork,

islikedbyallthestudentsThebosshadheardabouttheaccident.MrKingworkedinhisdepartment.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.1

Theriver___arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.AwhichbanksBofwhichbanksCwhosethebanksDthebanksofwhich2

shelikestousewords___iscleartohim.AofwhichthemeaningBofwhichmeaningCwhoseofmea