初中英語-介詞專項(xiàng)

/10初中英語-介詞專項(xiàng).概念：介詞用來表明名詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系，介詞是虛詞，不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語能夠充當(dāng)句子成分，介詞短語=介詞+介詞賓語（名詞、賓格代詞、動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)）介詞的作用介詞表地點(diǎn)、位置、方向的介詞above,around,at,behind,between,by,down,from,in,up,infrontof,into,onto,near,off,out,over,through,under,towards,表時(shí)間的介詞by,in,on,over,with其他介詞like,with,without,from,next,to、常用1、in在……之內(nèi)1）表示地點(diǎn)，表示大地點(diǎn)。 ShesinChinawithhermomanddad.2）表示時(shí)間，表示在某一個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)Theweatheriscoldinwinter.3）表示顏色和語言也用介詞in。Doyouknowthegirlinred?IcanwritethisarticleinEnglish.2、from從 中來'mChinese.downloadfrombedifferentfromdownloadfrombedifferentfromwith和，用，與withsb和……人在一起withsth.表示用某種工具at在……LilyshabitsaredifferentfromLindas.I'minClassOnewithDamingandLingling.Iwritewithmypen,andIseewithmyeyes.1)表地點(diǎn),主小地點(diǎn)。MyfatherisateacheratBeijingInternationalSchool.2)表時(shí)間，主指時(shí)間的——個(gè)點(diǎn)。 Igetupathalfpastseveninthemorning.begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于 Iamgoodatreadingandwriting.behind在 后面Theclassroomsarebehindtheoffices.nextto緊挨著 Thelibraryisnexttotheclassrooms.infrontof在 前面TheyareinfrontofTonyandDaming.for為了 ,因?yàn)?。。。。Thankyouforyouremail.on在上，在時(shí)表示時(shí)間，表示具體的一天。 WouldyouliketogotoafootballmatchonSunday?表示地點(diǎn) onthefarmontheplaygroundto自，向talkto與 談?wù)揥ehaveabreakandItalktomyfriends.goto去 Helikesfilmsandheoftengoestothecinema.3)歡迎到 BeijingZoo.listento聽 Theyalwayslistentomusic.connect to和...連接一疝三、.常用的介詞的區(qū)別：①in,to,on在方位名詞前的區(qū)別in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi)， 如TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.to表示A地在B地范圍之外（有距離），如：JapanliestotheeastofChina.on表示A地與B地接壤、毗鄰，如：NorthKoreaisontheeastofChina..at,in,on,by在表示時(shí)間上的區(qū)別at指時(shí)間表示：1）時(shí)間的點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻等。Theycamehomeatnoon（atsunrise,atmidnight,atteno’clock,atdaybreak）.2）較短暫的一段時(shí)間?？芍改硞€(gè)節(jié)日或被認(rèn)為是一年中標(biāo)志大事的日子。HewenthomeatNewYear（atChristmas,attheSpringFestiva）l.in指時(shí)間表示：（1）在某個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間（如世紀(jì)、年、月、季節(jié)以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）內(nèi)。in2004,inMarch,inspring,inthemorning,intheevening（2）在一段時(shí)間之后。一般用于將來時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為 在……以后”。Hewillarriveintwohours.（3）謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，in意為在……以內(nèi)”。Theseproductswillbemadeinamonth.on指時(shí)間表示：1）具體的時(shí)日和一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間，如某日、節(jié)日、星期幾等 ,OnChristmasDaytherewillbeaparty.2）在某個(gè)特定的早晨、下午或晚上。Hearrivedat8o’clockonthenightofFriday.3）準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)。Ifthetraincanbeontime,Ishouldgethomebeforedark.by指時(shí)間表示：（1）不遲于，在（某時(shí)）前。 如： ’clock.（2）在 問，在 的時(shí)候。如：Heworkedbydayandstudiedbynight..near,by,beside,at表示在 附近”時(shí)的區(qū)別near表示相對(duì)的近，實(shí)際距離可能還很遠(yuǎn)。 SuzhouisnearShanghai.by和besides表示靠近，實(shí)際距離不很遠(yuǎn)，但besides匕by更具體地表示出在 旁邊”的意思。Hewassittingbesideher.Heiswalkingbytheriver.at也有在旁邊”的意思，但多表示有目的的行為所處的位置 ，而by和besides表示位置關(guān)系。如：Thestudentsaresittingatthetablelisteningtotheteacher.Severalstudentsaresittingby/besidethedoortalkingaboutamusic..at,in和on表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)的區(qū)別a俵示地點(diǎn)：（1）用于指較小的地方。 arriveat,接小地方Iwillwaitforyouatthestation.（2）用于門牌號(hào)碼前。Helivesat11ZhongshanRoad.in表示地點(diǎn)：arrivein接較大地方 HelivesinShanghai.on表示地點(diǎn)，一般指與面或線接觸，意為在 上；在 旁”。Thepicturewashangingonthewall..besides,except,bu誄示除 外”之間的區(qū)別beside求示除了……以外，還有……”，具有附加性質(zhì)。如：Besidesxiaoming,wealsowenttoseethefilm.注意：beside朝于否定句中時(shí)，與except,buM義，可互換。如：Wehavenootherbooksbesides/exceptthese.excep展示“??…除外”，具有排它性質(zhì)。如：Weallwenttoseethefilmexceptxiaoming.（王先生沒去）but意為除了"，與except同義，except!雖調(diào)被排除的部分，but則強(qiáng)調(diào)整句的內(nèi)容，常修飾否定意義的代詞。Nobodyknewitbutme..above,over,on,up表示在 上”之間的區(qū)另Uaboveft"??…土方”，表示相對(duì)高度，不一定在正上方，其反義詞為 below。We’reflyingabovetheclouds.over指ft 正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反義詞為under。Thebridgeisovertheriver.on表示在 上面”，與物體表面接觸，與beneathf目對(duì)。Thereisamaponthewall.up表示動(dòng)作的方向往上，反義詞為down。如：Pleasestandupwith,from,for,at表示原因的區(qū)別with表示原因，指由于外界而影響到內(nèi)部，意為因?yàn)?；由?。Thelittlegirlwasshiveringwithcold.from表示動(dòng)機(jī)、疲勞、痛苦等原因。Shediditfromasenseofduty.for常表示為了某一目的、事業(yè)的原因。 Idoapologizeforkeepingyouwaiting.a俵示原因，指聽至U;看至想至U”等。Atthenewstheyfeltveryglad..for和of的用法區(qū)別試比較：It'simpossibleformetowatchTVaftereleveno'clock.It'skindofyoutohelpme.兩句中介詞的選擇依據(jù)其前形容詞而定，一般來說,of之前的形容詞往往是用于描寫人的品質(zhì)的好壞，人自身的特點(diǎn)，如聰明與否，細(xì)心與粗心等； for之前的形容詞用于描寫事物的特點(diǎn)，如可能性，必然性，難易程度等。⑨．by，with，in的用法區(qū)別by表示"以...的方式，方法，手段"和”乘某種交通工具"；with指"借助于具體的手段或工具”；in表示"以 方式，用語言，文字等媒介 "。Isolvedtheproblembythisway.Icuttheapplewithaknife.HespeakswithusinEnglish.⑩after和in的用法區(qū)別這兩個(gè)介詞都可以表示時(shí)間 "在以后 "的意思。其區(qū)別是：after以過去為起點(diǎn)，表示過去一段時(shí)間之后，常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子；in以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示將來一段時(shí)間以后，常用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子。Iwenthomeafter10o'clockyesterday.Thetrainwillarriveintenminutes.小試牛刀：一：用by,beside,near,beyond填空Thelittlegirlissitting hermother.Thereisawhitecar ourschool.Manyshopsare ourhome. ourcitythereisariver.Thepostofficeis thepolicestationandthelibrary.A.betweenB.amongC.inIcan’tfinishmywork yourhelp.A.withB.withoutC.inThankyou metohavedinner.A.forinviteB.ofinviteC.forinvitingWhyareyoustanding,Alice?-Ican’tsheebtlackboardclearly.Twotallboysaresitting me.A.behindB.nexttoC.infrontofIfyoudothings ,usuallyyoucan ’tdothemwell.A.inahurryB.fromnowonC.justnowWhataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing watchingTVinthehotel.A.becauseofB.insteadofC.togetherwithYourcoatlooksverynice.What ’sitmade ?-Cotton,anditismade Wuhan.A.from,inB.of,inC.from,on-Whenandwhereyouborn?-Iwasborn October1st,1998 Suzhou.A.on,onB.in,inC.on,inTherewillbemanyrobots people ’shomes tenyears.A.in,/B.in,inC.in,afterAlltheworkerswenthomeyesterday MrWhite.Why?-Becausehewasonduty.A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptforIt’sverykind themtopickmeupattherailwaystationanddrivemehome.A.forB.toC.ofAUFOlanded___theCenterStreet.A.atB.onC.in theSpringFestival,theheavysnowstoppedmanypeoplefrom backhome.A.During,goingB.In,goC.On,goes24.Thinkitover youwritetheanswer.A.beforeB.afterC.on答案：一： 1.by,2.beside,3.near,4.beyond二： 1.A2.B3.C4.C5A6.B7B8C9C10A11C12B13.A14.A勤加磨練：Theteacherisnotonlystrict hispupilsbutalsostrict hisownwork.A.with,withB.in,inC.in,withD.with,inMyfatherbegantowork abusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as.Idon'tthinkXiaoLiis theotherstudents mathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,atNobodyknowsit me.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.besidesD.butThewindowisneveropened insummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butforWegotoschool abike.A.inB.onC.byD.oveIt'sverykind youtorepairthebike me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,ofFreshairisgood yourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.toTheboyiswaiting hissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowait theirsickmother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.onThePLAmansavedtheboy death.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on11A.beforeB.afterC.inD.laterHewenttoBeijingandreturned threedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.afterHewillreturn threeo'clock.A.after B.inC.onD.atHewrotethearticle threedays.A.atB.inC.on D.byIagree whatyousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.atDoyouagree thisplan(arrangement)?A.at B.withC.on D.toFinally theyagreed the termsofthecontract.A.on B.toC.with D.atDoyou oftenhear your brother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.aboutheard thebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.from C.of D.withTheplaneflew thecity.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.overWewalked theTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.pastwaswandering thestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.pastOurbusdrove theGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pastD.over thesun,nothingwouldgrow..ForB.WithC.UnderD.WithoutTheteacherisbusy teaching.A.with B.for C.on D.ofTheteacherisbusy correctingpapers.A.for B.in C.on D.ofWeleftXi'an_.___averyhotsummerafternoon.A.onB.inC.duringD.byHisteacherwasangry him hisbeinglate.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,aboutMyfatherwasdisappointed thenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.oMrWangwenttoNanjing October,1998andcamebackhome themorningofNov.5.A.at;in B.on;atC.in;onD.by;from.Myunclelives 105HuangheStreet.Hisroomis thefifthfloor.A.at;on B.td;atC.on;inD.of;toIdon'tthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblem theteacher'shelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without-Doyougothere bus?-No,wegothere atrain.A.in;onB.on;onC.by;inD.by;withThetrees frontofthehouseare thechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;byD.from;inTheoldmandied cold acoldnight.A.from;atB.of;inC.of;onD.for;duringDoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguages French?A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness?- 1982.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.SinceDidyouhaveanytrouble thepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infindingTotellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodo it.A.aboutB.withC.forD.ofTaiwanis theeastofFujian.A.inB.atC.toD.onHisfatherwillbebackfromLondon afewdays.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after.Theword"write"hasthesamepronunciationtheword"right”關(guān)系代詞A.ofB.asC.toD.fromThetrainleaves 6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation 5:40p.m.atthelatest.A.at;until(延續(xù))B.for;afterC.at;by(瞬間) D.before;aroundWewillbeinNanjing Tuesday Thursday.A.on/through B.on/toC.from/to D.on./tillTherearemanybeautifulbirds thetree.A.on B.at C.in D.besides1-5DDCDB~~6-10BCBAB~~11-15CDABC~~16-20DABCD~~21-25ABCDA~~26-30BADCC31-35ADCCA36-40CCDDD41-45BBCBBC(應(yīng)到 43答案有誤)初中英語常用介詞短語1)atonce 立刻2)atlast 最后3)atfirst 起先，首先4)attheageof… 東 歲時(shí)5)attheendof- 在 之末6)atthebeginningof… 在 之初7)atthefootof… 在 腳下8)atthesametime同時(shí)9)atnight/noon在夜里 /中午10)withone'shelp在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助11)withthehelpof…在 的幫助下12)withasmile 面帶笑容13)withone'sowneyes親眼看見14)afterawhile 過了一會(huì)兒15)fromnowon 從現(xiàn)在起16)fromthenon 從那時(shí)起

17)farexample 例如18)farawayfrom 遠(yuǎn)離19)frommorningtillnight從早到晚20)byandby 不久21)byairmail 寄航空郵件22)bybike/air/train/bus騎自行車/乘飛機(jī)/火車/汽車23)byordinarymail 寄平信24)bytheway 順便說25)bythewindow 在窗邊26)bytheendof… 到 底為止27)littlebylittle 逐漸地33)innotime(inaminute)33)innotime(inaminute)28)inall29)infact30)inone'stwenties31)inahurry32)inthemiddleof34)intime(ontime)35)inpublic36)inorderto37)infrontof38)inthesun39)intheend40)insurprise41)inturn42)ofcourse43)abit(of)44)alotof45)alittle總共事實(shí)上在某人二十幾歲時(shí)匆忙在……中間立刻，很快及時(shí)公眾，公開地

為了……在 前面在陽(yáng)光下最后，終于驚奇地依次當(dāng)然有一點(diǎn)兒許多

一點(diǎn)兒46)onone'swayto某人在去 的路上47)onfoot步行，走路48)atalkonspace一個(gè)關(guān)于太空的報(bào)告49)ontheotherhand另一方面50)at/ontheweekend在周末51)ontheleft(right) 在左(右)邊52)ontheothersideof在 另一邊53)ontheradio 通過收音機(jī)(無線電廣播)54)toone'sjoy使 高興的是55)toone'ssurprise使 驚訝的是介詞和各類詞搭配構(gòu)成的介詞短語.介詞與動(dòng)詞搭配arrivein/at 到達(dá)askfor 要，請(qǐng)求dowellin在 方面做得好givein 投降goon 繼續(xù)hearfrom 收至U 來信hearof 聽說help'sB.withsth.幫助 做laughat 嘲笑learnfrom 向 學(xué)習(xí)talkto與 談話takedown 拿下，取了lookat （有意識(shí)地）看speakto 對(duì)某人takeaway 拿走,帶走thinkof 考慮，關(guān)心waitfor 等候,等待turnon/off 打開（關(guān)上listento 聽lookafter 照顧，照看lookfor 尋找looklike 看上去像getto 至U達(dá)fillwith 充滿，裝滿beginwith 以 開始meetwith 偶爾遇見，遭遇passon 傳遞belongto 屬于writeto 寫信給 callon 號(hào)召，訪問，邀請(qǐng)smileat 向 微笑lookout 向四下看，到處看.介詞與名詞搭配intime 及時(shí)inlife 一生中ontime 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)infrontof 在 前面onfoot 步行bybus 乘公共汽車athome 在家inEnglish 用英語inthemiddle 在中間總而言之，一句話總而言之，一句話事實(shí)上在街上最后，終于立刻，很快按順序，整齊，正常為了，以便在白天成一直線不久總共，總計(jì)在城里atnightatnoonwithasmileofcourseinahurryinaminutebythewayatfirstatlastatthemeetingonone'swaytointhesuninatreeinsurpriseatonceatthefootofatallatdinneratthetableatworkatschoolatthebackofatthebeginningofattheendofatthesametimebytraindaybydayonebyoneinawordinfactinthestreetintheendinnotimeinorderinordertointhedayinlineinashortwhileinallintown在晚上在中午帶著微笑當(dāng)然（可以）匆忙，急忙一會(huì)順便說說/問問首先，起初最后，終于在會(huì)上在……的路上在陽(yáng)光下在樹上驚奇地立刻，馬上在……腳下壓根兒在吃正餐在桌子旁在工作在學(xué)校在 后面在……開始在……結(jié)尾同時(shí)，然而乘火車日復(fù)一日一個(gè)接一個(gè)ontheleft/right 在左/右邊另一方面ontheonehandontheotherhand方面另一方面ontopof 在 頂