第十一節(jié)句子成分

英語第11節(jié)主謂一致考點(diǎn)突破中考導(dǎo)航課堂小測中考模擬演練考點(diǎn)廣東省卷近五年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)高頻考點(diǎn)20112012201320142015主謂一致語法一致★★★意義一致★★☆就近原則★★★考情分析：從近五年考查情況來看，主謂一致是每年的必考點(diǎn)，每年均考查1道題目。2016年備考時(shí)要熟練掌握主謂一致的各種情形，并做適量的練習(xí)來掌握和鞏固。中考導(dǎo)航首頁末頁“主謂一致”是指句子成分之間或詞語之間在語法形式上的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系。主謂一致指主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間在“人稱”和“數(shù)”的方面的一致關(guān)系，這種一致關(guān)系常由三種不同的原則所支配，即語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。

主語和謂語通常是在語法形式上取得一致，即主語是單數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也采用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1)由and或both…and…連接兩個(gè)或三個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式(若連接的是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式)。如：TomandMikearegoodfriends.湯姆和邁克是好朋友。考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)1.語法一致(★★★)首頁末頁

(2)用one，everyone，eachone，anyone，each，either，neither等+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.

每個(gè)學(xué)生都在用功讀書。(3)不定代詞either，neither，eachone，theother，another，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，noone，nothing等在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Isthereanythingwrongwithyourbike?

你的自行車有什么毛病嗎?(4)不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如：Toteachistolearn.教學(xué)相長?？键c(diǎn)突破首頁末頁(5)在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。A+with/besides/but/except/aswellas/including/ratherthan/like+B+謂語動(dòng)詞+……，如：Theboywithhisparentsgoestothemuseumonceaweek.

那個(gè)男孩同他的父母每周去一次博物館。(6)由“some(of)，plentyof，alotof，lotsof，most(of)，therest(of)，all(of)，half(of)，分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”等短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常與of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。如果所修飾的是可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果所修飾的是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Mostofthestudentsinourclasswerefortheplan.

我們班多數(shù)學(xué)生贊成這個(gè)計(jì)劃。考點(diǎn)突破首頁末頁(7)“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

Anumberoftreesarecutdown.許多樹木被砍伐了。Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis32.

我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)是32。(8)none作主語指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；指代可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式，也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：—Isthereanymilkinthecup?杯子里有牛奶嗎?—No，thereisnone.沒有，一點(diǎn)也沒有。

Noneofthemhas／havearrived.他們當(dāng)中還沒有人到達(dá)?？键c(diǎn)突破首頁末頁(9)表示成雙成套的名詞，如：trousers，shoes，glasses，compasses等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Myglasseswerebroken.我的眼鏡壞了。注意：如果這類詞被apair／twopairs修飾，謂語要和pair的形式保持一致。如：ThispairofcompassesismadeinBeijing.這副圓規(guī)是北京制造的。Fivepairsofshoeshavebeensoldoutinthemorning.早晨賣出去了5雙鞋。(10)由“akindof，thiskindof，manykindsof”或“名詞+ofthiskind”，以及由與kind意義相似的type，sort等詞構(gòu)成的類似短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與of前的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。如：Akindofbirdshasbeendiscoveredbythem.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種鳥?？键c(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練()1.(2015廣東)—________thereanylivingthingsonotherplanet?—Ihavenoideas.Maybewecanknowmoreaboutthatinthefuture.A.IsB.AreC.HasD.HaveB中考預(yù)測()5.—What_____thenumberofthestudentsonyourschool?—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem_____fromthecountryside.A.is；areB.is；isC.are；isD.are；areA首頁末頁()2.(2012廣東)—BothLiLeiandHanMeimei

fondoftheTVprogramABiteofChina.—Iamalsodeeplymovedbyitsstories.A.isB.amC.wasD.are考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練DD()6.—Howmanygirlsarethereinyourclass?—

them

overtwenty.A.Anumberof;areB.Thenumberof;areC.Anumberof;isD.Thenumberof;is中考預(yù)測首頁末頁考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練BB中考預(yù)測()3.(2010廣東)Robertwithhistwokids

tothebeachforvacationeveryyear.A.goB.goesC.wentD.aregoing()7.—Howheavilyitrainedthisearlymorning!—Yes.Butnoneofthestudentsinourclass

lateforschool.A.wasB.wereC.areD.have首頁末頁考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練BB中考預(yù)測()4.(2008廣東)BothJimandKate

inBeijingnow.Theyboth

fromAmerica.A.is,comeB.are,comeC.is,comesD.are,comes()8.Neitherofthestudents

gottheirtestpaper.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are首頁末頁2.意義一致原則(★★☆)(1)表示時(shí)間、價(jià)格、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。如：Twoyearsisquitealongtime.

兩年是相當(dāng)長的一段時(shí)間。(2)集體名詞作主語時(shí)，若作為一個(gè)整體來看待，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的每一個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。通常有這幾個(gè)名詞：family，class，team，group等。Hisfamilyisn’tverylarge.他家成員不多。(3)表示學(xué)科的、以s結(jié)尾的名詞如：physics，politics，maths或不可數(shù)名詞news作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Thenewsmakesushappy.這消息讓我們很高興。考點(diǎn)突破首頁末頁(4)疑問代詞who，which，what和不定代詞all，more，most，some，any，none等作主語時(shí)，謂語根據(jù)情況來決定單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Mostofthewaterispolluted.大部分水被污染了。(5)police等表示“總稱”的名詞作主語時(shí)，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，常見的有：people，police，cattle等。Thepolicearerunningafterathief.

警察正在追趕一個(gè)小偷。(6)“the+形容詞”作主語，表示“一類人”時(shí)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；表示“一類事物”時(shí)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Thepoorwerenotabletobuyit.窮人買不起這個(gè)。Thebeautifulisnottheuseful.好看的不一定實(shí)用。考點(diǎn)突破首頁末頁()1.(2014廣東)—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?—Yes.Anothertendays

enough.A.isB.wasC.areD.were考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練AB中考預(yù)測()2.Look,theSmithfamily

.Whatahappyfamily!A.watchTVB.arewatchingTVC.iswatchingTVD.watches首頁末頁3.就近原則(★★★)(1)由or，not，either…or，neither…nor，notonly…butalso連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，隨后的動(dòng)詞形式通常按照“就近原則”處理。如：EitherTinaorCarolissuretoknowtheanswer.

蒂娜或卡羅爾肯定知道答案。Notonlymyfatherbutalsotheirfathersarecoming.

不但我的父親會(huì)來，而且他們的父親也會(huì)來。NeitherJanenorIamgoing.簡和我都不去。(2)therebe+并列主語結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的主語保持一致。如：Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.

桌子上有一只蘋果和兩個(gè)橙子。考點(diǎn)突破首頁末頁()1.(2013廣東)NotonlymyfriendsbutalsoI

interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavoritestar.A.beB.amC.isD.are考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練BB()3.EitherEveorHerb

beeninvitedbyLucy’sparentsalready.A.haveB.hasC.wasD.were中考預(yù)測首頁末頁()2.(2011廣東)—David,thereadictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.—OK,mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A.isB.areC.hasD.have考點(diǎn)突破母題訓(xùn)練AC()4.There

someflowersontheteacher’sdeskjustnow,butnowtherenothingonit.A.have;hasB.were;wasC.were;isD.has;has中考預(yù)測課堂小測()1.(2015四川南充)Thenumberofthevolunteers_____100now.Andasmallnumberofthem____alreadygonetotheworkplace.A.is;haveB.are;haveC.is;areD.is;has()2.(2015貴州黔西南)____Lucy____Lilylikesinging.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Notonly,butalsoD.Both;and()3.(2015山東泰安)EverybodyexceptMikeandLinda

therewhenthemeetingbegan.isB.areC.wasD.were()4.(2015遼寧營口)______theteachersintheschoolisonehundred,and______ofthemarewomenteachers.A.Anumberof;fourfifthB.Thenumberof;fourfifthC.Anumberof;fourfifthsD.Thenumberof;fourfifthsADCD課堂小測()5.(2015四川眉山)Inourschoollibrarythere__

_anumberofbooksandthenumberofthem__

growinglargerandlarger.A.is；areB.has；isC.are；isD.have；are()6.（2015四川達(dá)州）—Look！There

anumberofapplesonthosetrees.—Wow！Ithinkthenumberoftheapples

over100.A.is；areB.is；isC.are；isD.are；are（

）7.（2015四川宜賓）Threemillion_______alargenumber.Youcanmakeit_______.A.are;small B.is;smaller C.is;small D.are;smaller()8.(2015新疆維吾爾)There______somemilkandapplesinthefridge.A.has B.have C.is D.areCCBC課堂小測()9.(2015新疆烏魯木齊)—ShallwehangoutinGreatBazzar.(大巴扎）tomorrow?—I’mafraidnot.____thefinalgameoftheWorldCuponTV.A.ThereisB.TherewillbeC.TherewillhaveD.Thereisgoingtohave()10.(2015山東東營)Police:What'sinyourwallet?Owner:Theresomemoneyandtwoticketsfortoday'se-sportscompetition.isB.wasC.areD.were()11.(2015黑龍江黑河)Eitheryou___yoursister____becauseoneofyoumuststayathome.A.or；

goesB.nor；

goC.or；goD.nor；gone()12.(2015貴州六盤水)—NeitherTonynorI

interestedinplayingWeibo.A.amB.isC.areD.beBAAA課堂小測()13.(2015貴州安順)—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper?—Eithernoodlesorrice

OK.Idon’tmind.are

B.were C.is D.was()14.(2015吉林長春)There____somebeefinthefridge.Let’smakesomebeefnoodles.A.amB.isC.areD.be()15.(2015山東青島)—Listen!There____someone____atthedoor.—Itmustbeyoursister.is；knockingB.is；knockC.are；knockingD.are；knock()16.(2015湖北襄陽)—Weorderedbeefnoodles,but________anybeefinthenoodles.—Putonyourglassesandyoucanseethebeef.A.thereisn’tB.thereisC.therearen’tD.thereareCBAA課堂小測()17.(2015云南)—Excuseme,arethereanybookstoresaroundhere?—____

,buttherearesomeonCenterStreet.A.Yes,thereareB.No,therearen’tC.Yes,thereisD.No,thereisn’t()18.（2015云南）WeChat(微信)isverypopular.

theyoung

theoldaregettinginterestedinit.A.Neither；nor B.Either；or C.Notonly；butalso D.Between；and()19.（2015呼和浩特）Neithertheheadmasternortheteachers_____takeavacationnextweek.A.weregoingto B.isgoingtoC.wasgoingto D.aregoingto （

）20.（2015南通）

Ms．Zhou

Mr．Liishumorous．Theyarepopularamongusstudents．A．Both；andB．Neither；norC．Either；orD．Notonly；butalsoBCDD英語首頁末頁()1.—Howmuch

thepairofshoes?—Twentydollars

enough.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are()2.Icalledyouat5:00yesterdayafternoon,butnooneanswered.—Sorry,Iwithmyparents

atthattime.A.wasshoppingB.wereshoppingC.areshoppingD.wentshopping()3.What

thenumberofthestudentsinyourschool?—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem

fromthecountryside.A.is;areB.is；isC.are;isD.are；are()4.There

lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle’sfarmnow.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are

中考模擬演練AAAD英語首頁末頁()5.(2013北京)There

manytreesinfrontofmyhousenow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()6.—Howmanybooksarethereinyourschoollibrary?—About10,000.Thenumberofthem

growinglargerandlargerandthere

alargenumberofbooksonscienceandhistory.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are()7.Alargenumberofstudents

playingintheplayground,andthenumberoftheminClassEleven

fifty.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;is()8.Twodays

enoughformetofinishthework.Ineedathirdday.A.isn’tB.isC.aren’tD.are中考模擬演練BCDA英語首頁末頁()9.NotonlyTombutalsoAliceandMary

busy.A.isB.wasC.areD.has()10.IheartwothirdsofthebooksinShenzbenLibrary

new.Let’sborrowsome.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()11.—Howmanystudentsarethereinourschool?—Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool

morethan2,000.Anumberofthem

fromGuangdong.A.is;areB.are;isC.has;areD.have;has()12.Toreadnewwordsandtomemorizegrammarrulesonly

notenough.A.isB.areC.wasD.be.中考模擬演練CBAB英語首頁末頁()13.—Thenews

veryimportant.Tellmemoreaboutit.—OK.A.isB.beC.amD.are()14.Thedisabled

partofthepeopleweshouldhelp.A.areB.isC.beD.tobe()15.Onethousandkilometres

quitealongdistance.A.beB.tobeC.areD.is()16.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn

therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was課堂小測AADD英語首頁末頁()17.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily

ahappyone.A.are;isB.is；isC.are；areD.is；are()18.Thechildreninthisclasseach

anewschoolbag.A.haveB.hasC.hasgotD.arehaving()19Thoughmathematics

hard，weallworkatithard.A.areB.wereC.wasD.is()20.Thenumberofteachersinourschool

greatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschool

fromthecountryside.A.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;is中考模擬演練AADB首頁末頁()21.Theheadteacherwithhisstudents

theparkifit

tomorrow.A.isgoingto;isn’trainyB.aregoingto;isn’trainyC.isgoingto;won’trainD.aregoingto;doesn’train()22.—Howmuchisthepairofshoes?—Twentydollars

enough.A.isB.areC.amD.be()23.Thisismytwinsister,Lucy.NotonlyshebutalsoI

goodatdrawing.A.isB.amC.areD.have()24.There

stillsomemilkinthefridge.It’sunnecessarytogotothestoretoday.A.amB.isC.areD.be中考模擬演練AABB首頁末頁()25.Hisfamily

goingtohavealongjourney.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are()26.Twohours

enoughformetofinishthework.A.isB.areC.haveD.were()27.—David,there

adictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.—OK.Mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()28.

Lily

Lucyisgoingwithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;noC.Both;andD.Either;or中考模擬演練DAAD首頁末頁()29.—He,togetherwithhisparents

goingtovisitShanghaiinJuly.Howaboutyou？—I’mafraidIhavetostayathome

.A.are;onmyownB.is;bymyselfC.is;bymyownD.are;onmyself()30.Thenumberofbooksinthebookshopisabout10,000andanumberofthem

aboutscience.A.isB.wasC.areD.Were()31.—Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassfifty-six.—Howmanyofthemgirls?A.is;areB.are;is