歷年高考英語賓語英語賓語從句

高考英語賓語從句.賓語從句的定義學習賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞在復合句中作主句的賓語，引導詞有：從屬連詞：that（that?？墒÷裕?，whether,if連接代詞：who,whose,what,which連接副詞：when,where,how,why等。that引導的賓語從句（在非正式場合hat可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.在以下情況中that不能省略1、當句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.2、 當主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3、當that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。Ican'ttellhimthathismotherdied.4、當it作形式賓語時例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.許多帶復合賓語的句子，that引導的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語。5、當賓語從句前置時Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.6、當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時；由whether,if引導的賓語從句當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為“是否"。如:Idon,tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用whether,不能用if：①在具有選擇意義，又有or或ornot時，尤其是直接與ornot連用時，往往用whether(if…ornot也可以使用)。如：Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome)讓我知道他是否能來。Idon,tknowwhether/ifhedoesanywashingornot(=Idon,tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。②在介詞之后用whether。如：I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。We,rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。④whether置于句首時，不能換用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.這是否真的我說不上來。⑤引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否能來還是個問題。⑥若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解為：b.Ifyoulikethebook,pleaseletmeknow.你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我只能用if不能用whether引導的賓語從句1、if引導條件狀語從句，意為“如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.2、if引導否定概念的賓語從句時HeaskedifIdidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.3、引導狀語從句evenif（即使）和asif（好象）時Hetalksasifhehasknownallaboutit.連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。②連接代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。連接代詞一般指疑問，但what,whatever除了指疑問外，也可以指陳述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲么？ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎 ？③連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔任狀語的成分。Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面 .Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎？Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.在試卷中一般依據(jù)從句中“缺什么補什么”的原則，結(jié)合上下文選用恰當?shù)倪B詞。如：Idon'tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主語用who，如缺指物的主語則用what。Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的賓語用what，如缺指人的賓語則用whom。Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后踉有代詞，可省略that。Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺時間狀語，用when；缺地點狀語，用where；缺原因狀語，用why；缺方式狀語，用how。Idon'tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定語，用what或which。Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已經(jīng)……）”等含義，用whether或if。I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.強調(diào)是否對比時，用連詞whether。二、語序以從屬連詞（if，whether）、連接代詞（what，which，who，whose）和連接副詞（when，where，how，why）等引導的賓語從句用陳述句語序。即：連接代郵副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例6Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhat D.whatlookwillmanlike例7Thebosswentuptoask.A.whatthematterwasB.what'sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)要和主句相呼應(yīng)：.如果主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句謂語動詞時態(tài)可不受約束；.如果主句謂語動詞是過去時，從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)須與之呼應(yīng)；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday..當從句敘述的是客觀真理時，其謂語動詞仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.例8ThemanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsoftheticketsA.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthatheofficesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleave C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon? —No,butsometimesIwishIA.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、賓語從句的減縮式賓語從句有時可減縮為“疑問詞+不定式”的形式。例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.A.expected B.toexpect C.tobeexpectingD.expects例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.A.itwhattodowith B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit D.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn'tknowtoblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.when C.how D.what五、賓語從句的特殊式.復合連接代詞在賓語從句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.(whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho)ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.(whatever=anythingthat)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此處是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican'trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。.it作形式賓語，從句作真正賓語。動詞+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause,thatclause中謂語動詞前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.(2)動詞+it+as+名詞/形容詞+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.(3)動詞+it+介詞+thatclause。常見的有：oweittosb.+thatclause(把 歸功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把 留給某人去做），takeitforgranted+thatclause（想當然），keepitinmind+thatclause（記住 ）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe'dalwaysbearound.（4）動詞+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英語中少數(shù)介詞很活躍，能帶從句作其賓語。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.3.含賓語從句的反意疑問句。當陳述部分帶有that引導的賓語從句時，疑問部分的主語和謂語一般應(yīng)與陳述部分主句的主語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?當陳述部分主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think /believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等時，疑問部分的主語和謂語往往與陳述部分從句中的主語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系，此時實質(zhì)上是將對主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對從句的否定上。如：Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來，其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won,tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haven,tyou?例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whatever D.whenever例15hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.Theone C.AnyoneD.Whoever例16I'dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.it C.thisD.you例17—Idon'tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSAyou?—.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;Yes B.do;Yes C.have;No D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedhewasamanofaction.A.which B.that C.what D.whether賓語從句練習題類型一：引導詞的運用

Idon’tknowornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathomeThisdependsontheweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.if D.thatTheteacheraskedthenewstudentclasshewasinA.whichB.whereC.if D.thatIdon'tknowMrGreenwillcometoseeusHe'llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.why B.whenC.how D.where Becareful!Don'tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid?David? Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.ifDoyouknowMrBlack'saddressis? HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I'mnotsureof.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.A.whatshouldIchoose B.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoose D.whatIshouldchoose類型二：賓語從句的語序Didyoufindout?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingfor D.whosechildshewaslookingforAreyouinterestedin?howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit(3)Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme?howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayersthetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersare Whatdidthescientistsay? Hesaidhewonderedifintospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly(5)Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A. Wherethebanknearest B. whereisthenearestbankC. wherethenearestbank is D. thenearestbankiswhereSheaskedTomwithhiscar?A. whatthematterwas B. whatthematterisC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematter類型三：時態(tài)It's7：30.Ican'tbelieveyoucookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven'tstartedB.didn't C.don'tstartD.hadn'tstartedTheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeen D.willbeTheteachersaidthattheearthroundthesunA.goesB.goC.wentD.willgoWe'dliketotellyouthatyoutheexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.pass D.willpass

“Could youtellme?” “ Yes. They tothelibrary.”A. whereare thetwins, have been B. where werethetwins,have beenC. wherethe twinsare, have gone D, where thetwinswere,have goneOurfathersaidthatheanewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysIhearthathetoBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone類型四：其他 反意疑問句，it做形式賓語.Idon'tthinkheisright,?A.isn'the B.ishe C.doI D.don'tI.Hebelievessheisright,?A.doesn'the B.doeshe C.isshe D.isn'tshe.Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?A.didn'the B.didhe C.didID.didn'tI.IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.it B.this C.that D.what.Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedthenicegift.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywerehowexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited高考題1Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全國卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全國H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全國I)—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全國卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全國H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全國I)Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame(05A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatSomeoneisringingA.whoisheB.thedoorbellGoandsee.(2000上海)

whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis5.Wehaven'theardfromJaneforalongtime.5.Wehaven'theardfromJanefor