必修3Unit1(單詞+短語+句型)

必修3Unit1

Festivalsaroundtheworld課標(biāo)詞匯名詞11個1.美人2.收獲3.起源4.祖先5.信任，信仰6.詭計，竅門7.詩人8.農(nóng)業(yè)9.衣服10.風(fēng)俗11.許可，允許beautyharvest

origin

ancestorbelief

trickpoetagriculture

clothing

custom

permission動詞11個1.收獲，收割2.欺騙，詐騙3.獲得4.搜集，聚集5.授獎，授予道歉淹沒，溺死擦去，擦提醒，使想起原諒，饒恕harvesttrickgaingatherawardapologizedrownwiperemindforgive形容詞或副詞7個1.宗教的，虔誠的2.獨立的3.充滿活力的4.遍及全世界的5.明顯的originalagriculturalreligiousindependentworldwideenergeticobvious聯(lián)想串記________(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的

______(n.)宗教信仰2._____(n.)信任；信心；信仰→______(vt.)相信3.____________(n.)獨立；自主→___________(adj.)獨立的；自主的4._______(vt.)贊美；欽佩；羨慕__________(n.) 欽佩；羨慕5.__________(n.)許可；允許→______(vt.)允許independenceindependentadmireadmirationpermissionpermitapologizeapologyforgiveforgivenessreligiousreligionbeliefbelieve6._________(vi.)道歉；辯白→_______(n.)道歉7.________(vt.)原諒；饒恕→__________(n.)寬恕；原諒Ⅱ.短語互譯1.發(fā)生_________2.紀(jì)念；追念____________3.盛裝；打扮；裝飾________4.期望；期待；盼望______________5.日夜；晝夜；整天____________6.屏息；屏氣________________7.出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸______takeplaceinmemoryofdressuplookforwardtodayandnightholdone’sbreathsetoff8.turnup___________9.keepone’sword_________________10.remind...of..._______________11.playatrickon_______________________12.asthough/if_____13.havefunwith_________出現(xiàn)；到場守信用；履行諾言使……想起……搞惡作?。辉p騙；開玩笑好像玩得開心核心考點turn短語3年9考remind3年1考gain3年1考be+形容詞+todo...3年1考it作形式主語的主語從句3年8考１.beautyn.美（抽象不可數(shù)）／美人（可數(shù)）beautifyvt.美化：我們要盡力美化我們的家園beautifuladj.美麗的：如花兒一樣美beautifuladv.abeautifullyclearsunnyday2.poetn.詩人poemn.詩歌apoem/The300TangPoemspoetryn.詩歌LiBaiwroteagreatdealofpoetry3.clothingclothescloth晴朗的艷陽天表示“衣服”的總稱(不可數(shù)）anarticleofclothing表示“衣服”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞asuitofclothes（一套衣服），表示“衣服”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示“布”、“衣料”，是不可數(shù)名詞arollofcloth（一卷布）等，但atablecloth（桌布），1.trickn.詭計；惡作??；竅門vt.欺騙；詐騙①Weareplayingatrickontheman②Theyoftentrickyou

into

buyingsomethingyoudon'tneed③Theman

trickedtheoldladyoutofhernecklace.那個人把老婦人的項鏈騙走了。他們經(jīng)常騙你買一些你不需要的東西。我們正在戲弄那個家伙。【歸納】填寫適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞playtricks/atrick___sb.捉弄某人tricksb.____doingsth.誘使某人做某事tricksb._____sth.騙走某人某物onintooutof2.gainvt.獲得；得到n.(不可數(shù))獲利,利益；財富的增加gainweight增加體重gainsth.from/by...從……處獲益gainother’srespect/love/trus獲得別人的尊敬/愛戴/信任①Nopains,nogains.不勞無獲?！臼煸~生義】讀句子猜含義Mywatchgainsfiveminutesaday.[](鐘,表)快②(2012·廣東高考)Sportsaregainingimportanceinadvertisingontelevision.體育(節(jié)目)正在電視廣告中變得重要。③Theyrealisethatpassingexamsisnolongerenoughtogainaplaceatuniversity.他們認(rèn)識到僅僅是考試通過并不能確保進入大學(xué)。④Thestepfatherfinally_________________________.這位繼父終于獲得了孩子們的尊重。gainedthechildren’srespect【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空gain指經(jīng)過很大努力而“獲得”,所得的東西常具有一定的價值win常指取勝的一方具有優(yōu)越的特質(zhì)或條件而能克服各種障礙,意為“贏得”get普通用詞,有時指不一定需要努力就能“得到”earn意為“賺得”,表示經(jīng)過努力所得的報酬acquire意為“獲得,取得”,一般指通過漫長的過程而逐漸獲得⑤Aftersixyears’study,I________agoodknowledgeofcomputerandmyperseverance____memanyfriendsintheuniversity.ThereforeI___agoodjob,whichhasmademe____muchexperience.AndnowI____upto$100,000ayear.acquiredwongotearngain【高考鏈接】(2011·遼寧高考)Youareoldenoughto______yourownliving.A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：你年紀(jì)足夠大了,可以自己謀生了。win贏得；gain獲得；take帶走；earn/makeone’sliving謀生,構(gòu)成固定短語。

3.apologizevi.道歉；辯白(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizetosb.＋that從句向某人道歉(2)apologyn.道歉,致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone’sapology接受/拒絕某人的道歉owesb.anapology應(yīng)向某人道歉①Youshould_________________havingkeptherwaitingsolong.讓她等了這么久,你應(yīng)該為此向她道歉。②(2012·山東高考)HesmiledpolitelyasMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.當(dāng)瑪麗為她醉酒的朋友們向他道歉時,他禮貌地微笑著。③Hemadeapublicapologyfortheteam’sperformance.他就隊伍的表現(xiàn)公開道歉。apologizetoherfor【想一想】在日常交際中還有哪些表示道歉和答復(fù)道歉的句式？試列舉?！緟⒖即鸢浮?1)情景交際中表示道歉的句式：①Iamreallysorry(真對不起),butIseemtohavemisplacedyourbagsomewhere.②Ifeelterriblysorry(我感到非常抱歉),butI’vejustbrokenyourbeautifulvase.(2)對于道歉的回答,可以用下列句式來表達：①Don’tworryaboutit(別擔(dān)心).②Justforgetaboutit(別再把這件事放在心上了).③That’sOK/That’sallright/Itdoesn’tmatter(沒關(guān)系).④It’snothing(沒什么).4.remindvt.提醒；使想起remindsb.of/aboutsth.使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.使某人想起；提醒某人(做)某事remindsb.that/what/how從句...提醒某人……/使某人想起……remindsb.ofdoingsth.提醒某人已做過某事①Thesephotosremindmeofmychildhood.這些照片使我想起我的童年。②Youmustremindhimtotakehismedicine,incaseheforgets.你必須提醒他吃藥,以防他忘記了。③Thisstory—whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowgreatmymotherwas.這個發(fā)生在我出生之前的故事提醒我,我的母親是多么偉大?！颈嫖觥坷斫庀铝袇^(qū)別并選詞填空remind“提醒,使想起”,指因外界的刺激而想起了過去的事,側(cè)重提醒remind+sb.+of+sth.recall“回憶起,使想起”,側(cè)重于有意識的recall+sth.+to+sb.填空：AtfirstIcouldnot_____whereIhadleftthebook,butherwords_________meoftheplacewhereIputit.recallreminded【高考鏈接】(2011·全國卷Ⅱ)Mary,I______Johnofhispromisetohelpyou.A.toldB.remindedC.warnedD.advised選B?？疾閯釉~和固定搭配。remindsb.ofsth.

_____nottomisstheflight,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.(2009福建32）RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded選B。動詞和固定搭配。

remindsb.todosth.

被動式5.forgivevt.(forgave,forgiven)原諒；饒恕forgivesb.sth.原諒某人的某行為forgiveme請原諒；對不起forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原諒某人(做了)某事①Weforgavehimhisrudeness.我們原諒了他的無禮。②Forgiveme,Idon’tmeantoinsultyou.請原諒,我并非有意侮辱你。③She’dfindawaytoforgivehimforthetheftofthemoney.她會讓自己原諒他偷錢的行為的。【熟詞生義】讀句子猜含義I’llforgiveyouthedebt.［］免除(債務(wù))6.awardvt.授予，獎給，判給（尤指官方?jīng)Q定）n.獎品（仲裁人的）裁定（法院的）判決；裁定書she'sbeenawardedascholarshiptostudyatOxford.

她獲得了去年牛津大學(xué)念書的獎學(xué)金。

rewardvt報酬，酬謝，報答，獎賞

n.報酬,報答,獎賞,報償

Hewasgenrouslyrewarded.他得到了慷慨的酬報。Hewillexpectsomerewardafterworkingsohard.

他工作很努力,會得到報償?shù)?。reward通常指給與善行，業(yè)績，勞力等的報酬（獎勵）

award通常指由審核員慎重審核的結(jié)果所給與的獎賞賞金,酬金從詞義上說，award是“授予，給予”，reward是“回報”。從用法上說，award用雙賓語：awardsbsth或awardsthtosb.

reward用固定搭配rewardsbwithsth.7.gatherv.收集積聚Heis~ingmaterialsforanewbook.gather/\collect區(qū)別Thecloudsare~ing.(四方云集）Hecollectsstamps.(有選擇收集)gatherup收集整理Darkclouds______.Itisgoingtorain.A.arecollectingB.aregatheringC.comingupD.aregatheringup8.drownvi./vt.(使)淹沒，溺死~sth(in…)Thefloodsdrownedthewholevillage.Themandrownedintheriver.drowning/drowned區(qū)別快要淹死的已經(jīng)淹死的MengXiangbinsavedthe____girl.A.drownB.drownedC.drowningD.todrown1.takeplace發(fā)生①Thethreateningstrikedidnottakeplaceafterall.可能來臨的罷工終究沒有發(fā)生。②TheeveningpartywilltakeplaceonNewYear’sEve.晚會將在除夕那天舉行?！颈嫖觥坷斫庀铝袇^(qū)別并選詞匯填空takeplace發(fā)生；舉行；舉辦；多指有組織、有計劃的事件的發(fā)生,沒有偶然性這幾個詞匯均不可用于被動語態(tài)happen碰巧發(fā)生；一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件occur發(fā)生；突然想起,其意義相當(dāng)于happencomeabout發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生,多指事情已發(fā)生,但不知道為什么,多用于否定句和疑問句breakout爆發(fā)；多指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)難、瘟疫、爭吵等事件的發(fā)生③Sincethe2012OlympicGames_________inLondon,greatchangeshave__________there.Forexample,fewerandfewertrafficaccidents_________________,andnearlynoquarrels_________.Youmaywonderhowthesedifferences__________.tookplacetakenplaceoccurred/happenedbrokeoutcameabout2.lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望①I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.我盼望再次見到你。②Thedaywelookedforwardtocameatlast.我們期待的日子終于來了。(welookedforwardto是定語從句)【拓展】補全下列l(wèi)ook短語look______ 注意；當(dāng)心；提防look_____ 仰慕look_____________... 輕視/看不起……look____sth. 調(diào)查某事look___...__... 把……當(dāng)作……look___ 查閱,查詢outforuptodownupon/onintoonasup【高考鏈接】(2011·四川高考)Ioften______thewordsIdon’tknowinthedictionaryorontheInternet.A.lookupB.lookatC.lookforD.lookinto【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意:我經(jīng)常在詞典里或者網(wǎng)上查我不認(rèn)識的單詞。lookup查閱,查詢。lookat看；lookfor尋找；lookinto調(diào)查。3.turnup出現(xiàn),露面；被找到；開大(音量)；向上翻觀察句子,寫出黑體部分的含義①RichardturneduponChristmasEvewithTony.

()②Ican’thearthemusic.Pleaseturnuptheradio.()③I’msureyourwatchwillturnuponeofthesedays.()④Heturneduphiscoatcollaragainstthechillwind.()露面開大音量被找到朝上翻【拓展】

turnagainst背叛；對……不利turndown拒絕；關(guān)小,調(diào)低turnin上交；拐入turnout結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造turnover翻身；打滾；移交；轉(zhuǎn)動turnround轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；(使)翻身turntosb.forhelp向某人求助【高考鏈接】(2011·江蘇高考)—Youlookupset.What’sthematter？—Ihadmyproposal______again.A.turnedoverB.turnedonC.turnedoffD.turneddown【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：——你看起來很沮喪,出什么事了？——我的提議又被拒絕了。turndown拒絕,符合句意。turnover翻身；turnon打開；turnoff關(guān)掉,均與句意不符。4.setoff出發(fā),動身；使爆炸；引起觀察句子,寫出黑體部分的含義①Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetofffortherailwaystation.

()②Theslightestsparkcansetofftheexplosivesstoredhere.

()③Ifuncontrolled,theshortagewouldsetoffanewriseinmeatprices.

()出發(fā)使……爆炸引起【拓展】

setabout著手/開始做……(后接名詞、動名詞)setout出發(fā),開始做……(后接動詞不定式)setdown放下,記下setup建立,樹立,搭起Ⅲ.句型透視1.“be+形容詞+todo...”Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffood_________________(難以找到),especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.2.“with+賓語+介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)Onthisimportantfeastday,peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakes___________________(上面有“骨頭”).wasdifficulttofindwith“bones”onthem3.it作形式主語的主語從句_____________(很明顯)thatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...4.while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句____________________(她在人間時)shemettheherdboyNiulangandtheyfellinlove.ItwasobviousWhileshewasonearth2.選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子(1)精通外語很重要。__________________________________________(2)老師手里拿著一本書走進教室。_____________________________________________________(3)顯而易見手機現(xiàn)在很流行。____________________________________________________Itisveryimportanttomasterforeignlanguages.Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhis/herhand.Itisobviousthatmobilephonesarequitepopularnowadays.1.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.那時如果難以找到食物,人們就會挨餓,特別是在寒冷的冬季。(1)該句中使用了“sb./sth.is＋adj.＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)在該結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式用主動形式表示被動意義,如后面的動詞是不及物動詞,則要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞。(3)能用于該句型的形容詞有：easy,hard,difficult,fit,heavy,light,nice,unfit,good,sweet,interesting等。仿寫句子①有些人認(rèn)為英語很難學(xué)。________________________________________________②這道數(shù)學(xué)題很難算出來。__________________________________________SomepeoplethinkthatEnglishisverydifficulttolearn.Thismathsproblemisverydifficulttoworkout.2.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很明顯,咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開……(1)句子中的it作形式主語,其后的that從句才是真正的主語。it作形式主語,沒有具體意義,而只是幫助把真正的主語移至句子末尾,使句子顯得勻稱。(2)it作形式主語的常用句式：①Itbe+形容詞(possible,strange,natural,important...)+that從句②Itbe+過去分詞(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)+that從句③It+不及物動詞(seem,occur,happen...)+that從句④Itbe+名詞短語(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,nowonder...)+that從句①她一定會來參加討論。______________shewillcometothediscussion.②我們不能走,真遺憾。_____________wecan’tgo.③我突然想起前門未鎖。___________________Ididn’tlockthefrontdoor.④據(jù)報道他贏得了比賽。________________hehaswonthegame.ItiscertainthatItisapitythatItoccurredtomethatItisreportedthat【點津】在“Itisstrange/natural/important/necessary/essential...+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句要用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動詞為“should+動詞原形”?！靖呖兼溄印?2011·江蘇高考)Itwasneverclear______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.A.thatB.howC.whenD.why【解析】選D?？疾橹髡Z從句。句意：這名男子沒有早點報告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主語,真正的主語是why引導(dǎo)的主語從句。1.admirevt.贊美,欽佩；羨慕；欣賞admiresb.forsth.因某事而欽佩某人withadmiration羨慕地①Visitors_______Beijing___itsbeauty.觀光者贊賞北京的美麗。admirefor②Youhadbetteradmireothersmorethancriticizeifyouwanttobepopular.如果你想要受人歡迎,盡量多贊美、少批評。③Deeplymovedbyherperformance,thewholeaudiencegaspedwithadmiration.她的表演動人心弦,全場觀眾贊嘆不已。2.holdone’sbreath屏息；屏氣①Howlo