Islam(伊斯蘭英文版)

11級(jí)英教1班第二組蔡金蓉Islam1.Theestablishmentand

ExpansionofIslamism

2.Doctrines(教義)

3.Influence4.CulturecontentIntroductionTheArabicmeaningofIslamissubmissiontoGod/Allah;Theword“Islamic”inChineseliterallymeanspureandsincere.IslambeganinArabiaandwasrevealedtohumanitybytheProphetMuhammad.ThosewhofollowIslamarecalledMuslims.MuslimsbelievethatthereisonlyoneGod.TheArabicwordforGodisAllah.Prophet

Muhammad:anArabholyman,borninmecca,whostartedthereligionofIslamandwasitsmostimportantprophet.wordsdeliveredtohimbyGodwerelaterwrittendowntoformtheholybookcalledtheKoran.Themajorsects

（宗派，派別）

1．SunniIslam(遜尼派)Ithasthelargestpopulation.InChina,mostMuslimsbelongtothissect.2．Shī‘a(chǎn)Islam(什葉派)Thissecthasasmallpopulation,mainlydistributedinIran,Iraq,PakistanandIndia.（一）SixBeliefs（六大信條））（二）FiveDuties（五功）DoctrinesSixBeliefs六大信條

BelieveinAllah信安拉

BelieveinProphets信使者

BelieveinAngel信天使

BelieveinBookssentbyGod信經(jīng)典

BelieveinDayofJudgement信末日

BelieveinDestiny信前定Fiveduties（五功）Professionoffaith(念功)“ThereisnogodbutGod,andMuhammadistheMessengerofGod”（萬(wàn)物非主，唯有真主,穆罕默德是主的使者）Prayer(禮功)-topray5timesadayFasting(齋功)-noeatinginSeptemberCharity(課功)-topaytaxPilgrimage(朝功)-pilgrimagetoMecca（去麥加朝圣）Prayer(禮功)thedaily5timesprayerSalatal-Fajr

晨禮（sunrise）Zuhr

響禮（atnoon）Asr

晡禮(afternoon）Maghrib

昏禮（sunset）Isha

宵禮（evening）Fasting（齋功）

ThewholeSeptemberofeveryyearisforfastingMuslimsareprohibitedfromeating,drinking,smoking,andengaginginsexualintercoursefromdawntosunsetPilgrimage(朝功)1.promotetheunityofloosetribe部落andtribalculturehasbeendeveloped(使各個(gè)地區(qū)的文化得以傳播、交流)2.Thecrystalofmankindandhugedevelopmentofscience(人類偉大文明的結(jié)晶及科學(xué)技術(shù)事業(yè)的發(fā)展)3.ThespreadofIslaminChinaInfluence1.1TheunityofloosetribeItisthemajorcontributionofIslam.MohammedunifytheArabianpeninsula阿拉伯半島throughmanymethods,suchaswar(BattleofMecca),commerce，politics，migrationsandsoon.1.2thedeveloping

tribalcultureMuslimsbuiltthe

mosque

清真教,schools,libraries,hospitalsIslamexpandedArabic阿拉伯語(yǔ),communicationbecameconvenientpromotethedevelopmentoftheeconomy.

AchievementsofcivilizationdevelopedquicklyFamousInventionanddiscoveryPrecisenauticalchart航海圖3.thespreadofIslaminChinaIn651（Tangdynasty）,IslamwasspreadtoQuanzhou泉州、Guangzhou廣州SunniIslam(遜尼派)isthemainreligionamongChina’sMuslimsMostmuslimsliveintheareasoftheXingjiangUygurautonomousregion,NingxiaHuiautonomousregionandfourautonomouspefecturesand13autonomouscountiesinotherpartsofChina.Muslisms’DistributioninChinaFestivalsCustomsArchitecturecultureEidAl-Fitr(開齋節(jié))Maulidal-Nabi(圣紀(jì)節(jié)）Eidal-Adha(宰牲節(jié))

MajorFestivalsEidAl-Fitr(開齋節(jié),肉孜節(jié),大尓德)InSeptember,Muslimsdonoteatuntilthesunset.ThisperiodiscalledRamadan“閉齋”ThefirstcrescentdayafterSeptemberistheEid-ul-Fitr“開齋節(jié)”.peoplewillgettogetherandhaveagrandcelebration.

Maulidal-Nabi(圣紀(jì)節(jié)）

MuhammadwasbornonSeptember23rd,570ADanddiedonthesamedatein632AD.That`swhy圣紀(jì)isalsocalled圣忌OnMaulidal-Nabi(圣忌日)，March12thinMuslimcalendar,Muslimsholdholycelebration，readQu`ran（古蘭經(jīng)），andadmiretheachievementsofMuhammad.TheQur'an

Eidal-Adha宰牲節(jié)，古爾邦節(jié)

OnMuslimcalendarDecember10th,peolekilltheirlivestocksuchascattle,goats,camelsandexchangepresentswitheachother.Customs大小凈：Beforeenteringthetemplepeopleneedtocleanthemselvesfromheadtotoe不吃豬肉：Muslimsdonoteatpork,deadanimals,blood,especiallythemeatofdonkeys,mulesanddogs.Itisforbiddentodrinkalcohol.pullednoodles(拉面）

右手：Peopleusetheirrighthandstoservethetea,carrybowlsands