虛擬語氣共40張

虛擬語氣

theSubjunctiveMood(I)GRAMMER語法第1頁/共40頁第一頁，共41頁。(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示說話人所說的話不是事實,而是一種假設(shè),愿望,懷疑,建議或推測。虛擬語氣主要用于if條件狀語從句,也可用于名詞性從句等。第2頁/共40頁第二頁，共41頁。What

would

youdoifyou

won

thelottery(彩票)?IfI

won

thelottery,I

would…第3頁/共40頁第三頁，共41頁。IfI

won

thelottery,I

would

buyanexpensive

car.

第4頁/共40頁第四頁，共41頁。IfI

had

alotofmoney,I

might

buyavilla(別墅).第5頁/共40頁第五頁，共41頁。IfI

wereamillionaire,I

would

travelaroundthe

world.第6頁/共40頁第六頁，共41頁。IfI

won

thelottery,I

would

buyanexpensive

car.IfI

had

alotofmoney,I

might

buyavilla(別墅).IfI

wereamillionaire,I

would

travelaroundthe

world.第7頁/共40頁第七頁，共41頁。條件從句

If從句主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去時/(were)would/could/should/might+v.(原)虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。第8頁/共40頁第八頁，共41頁。a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenFillintheblanks.第9頁/共40頁第九頁，共41頁。Ifhe

haddrivenmorecarefully,theaccidentwouldn’thavehappened

yesterday.第10頁/共40頁第十頁，共41頁。Ifhe

haddrivenmorecarefully,theaccidentwouldn’thavehappenedyesterday.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeen

discovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.第11頁/共40頁第十一頁，共41頁。條件從句If從句

主句的謂語形式過去過去完成時haddonewould/could/should/might+havedone第12頁/共40頁第十二頁，共41頁。a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedFillintheblanks.hadmetwouldhavegone第13頁/共40頁第十三頁，共41頁。Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewould

takephotos.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,wewould

takephotos.Ifitsnowedtomorrow,wewould

takephotos.第14頁/共40頁第十四頁，共41頁。條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式未來should+v.2.weretodo3.過去時would/could/should/might+v.(原)第15頁/共40頁第十五頁，共41頁。假如他來了,我們對他說什么呢？Ifhe

wereto

come,what

should

wesaytohim?假如他看見我,就會認識我。Ifhe

should

seeme,he

would

knowme.第16頁/共40頁第十六頁，共41頁。注意：省略if倒裝：WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.

Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.

若虛擬條件句中有were,had,should時，可省略if而將were,had,should移到句首。第17頁/共40頁第十七頁，共41頁。一、虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法時態(tài)If從句的形式主句的形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.shoulddo2.weretodo

3.過去時would/could/should/might+V.(原)haddone第18頁/共40頁第十八頁，共41頁。

含蓄的虛擬語氣有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來，而是通過一個介詞來表示或通過上下文或其他方式表示如“butfor”，“without”“supposing”“otherwise”等表示含蓄的虛擬：

Withoutthenewpaintsandnewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpieces.WithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.第19頁/共40頁第十九頁，共41頁。1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe小試身手：第20頁/共40頁第二十頁，共41頁。3.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might4.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe__________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome第21頁/共40頁第二十一頁，共41頁。5.________itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will6.Withoutliberation(解放)we_____anewlife.wouldnotbeginwouldnothavebeenbegunC.hadnotbegunD.wouldnothavebegun第22頁/共40頁第二十二頁，共41頁。7.Butforthehelpofmyteacher,I________thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon第23頁/共40頁第二十三頁，共41頁。Wish

在動詞wish后的賓語從句中,表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實相反,或?qū)淼闹饔^愿望,常用虛擬語氣.1)表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:

從句動詞用過去式(be動詞一般用were)

。第24頁/共40頁第二十四頁，共41頁。IwishIwereastallasyou.第25頁/共40頁第二十五頁，共41頁。Iwisheverydaywere

mybirthday.第26頁/共40頁第二十六頁，共41頁。IwishI

hadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋過去分詞”。第27頁/共40頁第二十七頁，共41頁。(3)表示對將來的主觀愿望:從句動詞形式為“would/could/might＋動詞原形”。Iwishhecouldgowithustomorrow.Wewishourparents________________(notpunish)us.wouldn’tpunish第28頁/共40頁第二十八頁，共41頁。1.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.

A.hasB.had

C.willhaveD.hadhad2.HowIwishI_______torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.havetriedD.didn’ttry第29頁/共40頁第二十九頁，共41頁。asif/asthough由asif(asthough)

引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示方式時,從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式(be用were)或“had＋過去分詞”。他那樣對待我,好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.第30頁/共40頁第三十頁，共41頁。ShetalksaboutRomeasifshe

hadbeenthereherself.第31頁/共40頁第三十一頁，共41頁。2.表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。常見動詞：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：order,command三個建議：advise,suggest,propose四個要求：demand,require,request,desire

這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形，should可以省略.第32頁/共40頁第三十二頁，共41頁。1.我們建議Tom去休息一下。2.他堅決要求我們立即出發(fā)。3.國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。1.WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.2.Heinsistedthatwe(should)setoutatonce.3.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.第33頁/共40頁第三十三頁，共41頁。

以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire第34頁/共40頁第三十四頁，共41頁。It’ssuggestedthattheplan(should)becarriedout.

Mydemandisthatshe(should)cometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory(should)becloseddown.(主語從句)(表語從句)(同位語從句)_________第35頁/共40頁第三十五頁，共41頁。Itisimportant/necessary/essential/vital/strangethat…(should)Itiss