2022年全國(guó)乙卷英語高考真題及答案詳解-轉(zhuǎn)自DOCX

2022年全國(guó)乙卷英語高考真題及答案詳解2022年高考英語已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，對(duì)于大部分省份考生來說高考就到此結(jié)束了，今年不少網(wǎng)友表示高考英語并不算很難，也算是常規(guī)難度范圍內(nèi)，下面是小編給大家整理的關(guān)于2022年全國(guó)乙卷英語高考真題及答案詳解，歡迎大家來閱讀。河南省2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt??19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是A。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It’seasytohirepeople.9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt’s.B.Botticelli’s.C.Rubens’.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.C.October15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.【答案】1~5BCBAC6~10ACACA11~15ACCBA16~20BBCAB第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHenryRaeburn(1756-1823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkof

Scotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfrom

collectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhiswork

tobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像畫)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesfor

thegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesis

free.An

IntroductiontoRaeburnSunday

26Oct.,15.00DUNCAN

THOMSONRaeburn’s

EnglishContemporariesThursday

30Oct.,13.10JUDY

EGERTONCharacters

andCharacterisationinRaeburn’sPortraitsThursday

6Nov.,13.10NICHOLAS

PHILLIPSONRaeburn

andArtist’sTraininginthe18thCenturyThursday

13Nov.,13.10MARTIN

POSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Theisnore-admission.Closed:24-26Decemberand1JanuaryAdmission?4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof?2perpersonisavailabletoallin

full-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,in

organisedgroupswithteachers.21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglish

Contemporaries?A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payfor

admission?A.?4.B.?8.C.?12.D.?16.23.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.【答案】21~23BBC【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了蘇格蘭畫家畫展的一些情況。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LectureSeries小標(biāo)題下的內(nèi)容“Raeburn’sEnglishContemporariesThursday

30Oct.,13.10”可知，答案為B。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission小標(biāo)題下的內(nèi)容“?4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyan

adultareadmitted

free.”可知，一個(gè)成年人帶著一個(gè)12歲以下的孩子是免費(fèi)的，而題目中是一對(duì)夫婦帶著一個(gè)孩子，因此多出來的成人需要付?8，故選B。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話“Aspeciallowentrancechargeof?2perpersonis

availabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirst

degreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.”可知，如果老師組團(tuán)帶學(xué)生一起，可獲得相應(yīng)折扣，故選C。BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—

DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmith

College.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.to

instructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.

TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpected

EducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisa

magazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,

however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,had

littleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywoke

upinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveatthe

schoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwas

replacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoon

feminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.A

hair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牽涉)

drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.Thebookendswith

RosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthe

stoicism(堅(jiān)忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.Hereisa

pictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“When

thesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Then

afullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,

mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】本文為說明文，介紹了DorothyWickenden寫了一本關(guān)于自己的(外)祖母DorothyWoodruff和Rosamond

Underwood年輕時(shí)去貧困山區(qū)支教的書，作者簡(jiǎn)單介紹了這本書的情節(jié)并對(duì)這本書加以贊許。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoa

settlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-room

schoolhouse.”可知，這兩位富家女孩去到落基山脈是為了在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰鶎W(xué)校教書，故選A。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnow

ontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning”可知，這兩個(gè)女孩在支教時(shí)受了不少苦，故選D。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingofthe

railroads,whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblinding

snowstorms.”可知，Wickenden書中最令人毛骨悚然的部分是關(guān)于在落基山脈修建鐵路的部分，故選C。27.文章來源題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“NothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwo

SocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden”，第四段的開頭“InWickenden’s

book”和最后一段的開頭“Wickendenisaverygood

storyteller.”可知，整篇文章都在圍繞Wickenden這本書展開敘述，所以是一篇書評(píng)，故選B。CCanasmallgroupofdrones(無人機(jī))guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityof

railwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuros

eachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”

technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksand

infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.

Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervital

aspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracks

andswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailway

safety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecut

andoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionof

railwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespend

approximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsending

maintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherail

infrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdrones

assistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartproviding

higher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,

beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesfor

raildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanew

concept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackahead

ofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.Verysmalldroneswith

advancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikea

co-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,so

thatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.30.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways【答案】28.A29.C30.A31.D【解析】本文為說明文，從多方面介紹了無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句中的“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tension

electricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailway

linesandothervitalaspectsofrail

infrastructure...”可知，無人機(jī)在已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。它們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查鐵軌和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，所以是無人機(jī)在檢查電線的使用使得無人機(jī)成為在鐵軌上的應(yīng)用成為可能，故選A。29.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后一句中的“...20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,including

sendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherail

infrastructure.”可知，僅歐洲鐵路公司一年就在鐵路維護(hù)上花費(fèi)了大約200億歐元，包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，所以無人機(jī)在鐵軌的使用能大大降低維修成本，故選C。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句“VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIand

travellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirability

toseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbe

abletoreactin

time.”可知，配備了先進(jìn)傳感器和人工智能的小型無人機(jī)可以像副駕駛員實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，并發(fā)出問題的信號(hào)，所以鐵軌無人機(jī)的作用是提供早期預(yù)警。故選A。31.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，文章從降低鐵軌維修成本，協(xié)助員工危險(xiǎn)作業(yè)以及提供預(yù)警等方面介紹了無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來，故選D。DTheGovernment’ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoney

asMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthe

policyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinks

containingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreduce

childhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersare

consumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigher

riskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake?520mayearfortheTreasury.

However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthis

amount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate?240mfortheyearendinginApril

2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheir

sugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinks

nowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’

effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinks

companieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugary

drinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruit

juices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asare

smallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositive

influencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsports

facilities(設(shè)施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationto

haveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryis

playingitspart.32.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.33.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheir

products.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugar

content.34.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.Classic

Coke.35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，講述政府通過征收飲料糖稅來控制兒童的攝糖量從而幫助減少肥胖，并且達(dá)到了很好的效果。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“thetax...wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhood

obesity”可知，糖稅政策被引進(jìn)的作用是為減少兒童肥胖，即C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)兒童健康”符合題意，故選C。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldin

shopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoid

payingthetax.”可知一些飲料公司減少了產(chǎn)品的含糖量來應(yīng)對(duì)糖稅，故選D。34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCoca

Cola,haveacceptedthesugartax”以及第五段第二句中的“Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksand

mostalcoholicdrinksarefreeo