2023年大學(xué)英語四級考試真題第一套

2０２3年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(第１套）ＰaｒtⅠWrｉｔｉng(30ｍinｕtｅs）Ｄirｅctioｎｓ:Foｒthｉspaｒt,ｙｏuaｒeａlｌｏwｅd30mｉnｕtｅstoｗriteanesｓay．Supposeyoｕｈavetwｏopｔiｏnsupｏngraduation:ｏneistofindaｊｏbｓｏｍeｗheｒeanｄtheotherｔosｔartａbusｉneｓｓofyourowｎ.Yoｕａretｏmaｋeaｄecｉsｉon.Wｒｉteaｎessaｙtoexplaiｎthｅreａsonsfoｒyourdecｉｓｉon.Youｓhoulｄwｒiteatｌeａst1２０wordsｂｕtnomｏｒｅthan18０ｗorｄs.PartⅡListeｎinｇＣｏmｐreheｎsioｎ(25minuteｓ)SeｃtionＡDｉｒectiｏｎs：Ｉｎｔhｉｓsｅction,youwillhearｔｈｒeenｅwsreｐorts．Attheenｄofeachnｅwｓｒeｐoｒｔ,yｏuwｉllhｅaｒｔwoorｔhreeｑｕeｓtｉoｎs.Ｂｏthｔhenewsreportandtｈｅquｅｓtionｓｗillｂespoｋenｏnlｙonce.Aftｅryouhｅaraｑuｅｓtｉon,yoｕmｕstchoosethｅｂestａnswerfｒomｔｈefｏurｃhoicesmarｋedA,B，CaｎdD．ThenmarktｈｅcorrｅspｏｎdｉngｌettｅronAnswｅrSｈｅｅt1withasingｌelｉnｅtｈrougｈthecentre.Quｅｓtions１aｎd２ａｒebaｓｅdonｔhenｅwsｒｅｐｏrtyouhaｖejusthearｄ.1．A.Itwａsdaｎｇerｏｕstoｌiveｉｎ．Ｂ.Itwａsｇｏｉngtobｅreｎovaｔed．C.Hｅcoulｄnoloｎgerｐaytｈerent.D.Hehadｓoｌdｉttotｈeｒｏyalfamｉly.2.A.Ａstｒike．Ｂ.Ａｓｔｏrm.C．Aｆorestfｉre.D.Ateｒｒoｒistattack.Queｓtｉons3aｎd4ａｒebasedonｔhenｅwsｒepｏrｔyouhaveｊｕstheard.3.A．Ｔheyloｓｔcontａctwiｔhtheｅmerｇencydeｐaｒｔmenｔ．Ｂ.Ｔheｙweretrappediｎａｎunderｇrｏundeleｖatoｒ.C．Thｅywereｉnjｕredbysuddenlyfａllｉngrocks.Ｄ.Ｔｈeysｅntcａllsfoｒhelpｖiaaｐoｒtableradio.４.A.Tｈｅyｔｒiｅdhａｒdtｏrｅpairtheｅlｅvatoｒ.B.Tｈｅｙｒelｅａｓｅdtｈedetailsｏftheaccidenｔ．C.Ｔhｅyseｎtsuｐｐｌiｅstokeｅpthｅminerswaｒm．D.Tvｉdedｔｈeｍinｅｒswithｆoodandwaｔer.Quｅｓtｉｏnｓ5ｔo7ａrｅbasedonｔheneｗｓｒepoｒtyｏuhavejｕstheaｒd．5.Ａ.Raisepostａgｅrａt(yī)es.B.Imｐroveitsserｖiｃes.Ｃ.Redesigndeｌivｅryｒｏuｔes.Ｄ.Cｌoｓeｓｏmｅoｆｉtｓpｏstoffｉｃeｓ.6.Ａ.Shoｒtｅningｂusineｓshours．B．Cloｓｉnｇｏffｉcesoｎholidａys.C.SｔoppiｎｇmaildeｌiveryonSａt(yī)ｕrdays.D．Ｃｏmputｅｒizｉｎgmaｌlsｏrｔｉngpｒｏcesseｓ.7．A．Maｎyｐostoｆfｉcｅｓtaffｗillloｓethｅirjｏbs.B.Mａnypeoｐlewｉllｂegintocｏmｐｌain．Ｃ.Tａxpayerswillbeｖerypｌeased．Ｄ．Alotoｆcontｒｏｖｅrsｙwillａrｉｓe.SｅctｉonBDireｃtｉons:Iｎthｉｓｓecｔion,youwillheartwoｌongconvｅrsations．Atthｅendoｆeacｈconversatｉon,yoｕｗillhｅarfoｕrquestionｓ．Boththecoｎvｅｒsaｔiｏnandｔｈｅquesｔiｏnswillbespｏｋeｎonlyonce．Ａfｔeｒｙouheaｒaqueｓtion,yoｕｍusｔcｈoosetheｂestaｎswｅrfroｍtheｆouｒchｏicesmarkeｄA,B,CａndＤ.TheｎmａｒｋthｅcｏrrespondingletｔeronAnsweｒSheet1witｈａｓinglelineｔhroｕｇhthecenｔｒe.Questiｏns8to11aｒebaｓeｄonｔheconversationｙouhavｅjｕsｔｈeａrd．8．A.Hewillｂekeptfromprｏmotiｏｎ.Ｂ．Hewillｇoｔhrouｇhreｔrainｉnｇ.C．Hewiｌlbegｉvenawarnｉnｇ.D.Hewilｌlosepaｒtofhiｓpay.9.Ａ.Ｈeisaｌwaｙｓoｎtime.B．Ｈｅisatｒｕstwoｒtｈyｇuy.Ｃ.Heｉｓanexｐｅrienｃedｐressoperator.D.Hｅisｏngoodtermsｗithhｉswoｒkｍaｔes.１0.A.Ｓｈeisatrａｄeuｎionrｅprｅsenｔatｉve．Ｂ．Sｈeｉsinchargeofpｕblｉｃreｌａt(yī)ions．Ｃ．Ｓhｅｉsａsenｉormanageroftheshop．Ｄ.Sｈeiｓｂeｔterathandlinｇsｕｃhmatteｒs．１1.Ａ.Heisｓkiｌledａndｅxｐerｉenｃｅd．B.Heisｖeryclosetoｔhｅmanageｒ.Ｃ.Heisａlwaystrｙｉnｇtｏsｔirupｔroubｌe.Ｄ．Ｈeisalwａyｓcｏmplaiｎiｎgａbｏｕtlowwageｓ.Ｑuｅｓtｉons1２to1５ａrebasedｏｎthｅconversａｔｉoｎyｏuｈａvejustheard．12．A.Open.Ｂ.Fｒiendｌy.C.Sｅlfiｓh.D.Rｅserved．1３．Ａ.Theysｔayｑuｉｅｔ.Ｂ.Theyreadａｂook．C．Ｔｈeytalkaboｕｔtｈeｗeatｈer．D.Thｅychａt(yī)witｈｆellowpaｓｓengerｓ.14.A．Shewaｓalwayｓｔｒeaｔedａsafoｒeigner．Ｂ.ＳheｗaseaｇerｔｏｖisitanEnglishcａstle．C.Ｓhewaｓnｅvｅrinvitedｔoaｃolleａguｅ＇shoｍe.Ｄ.Ｓhｅwaｓunwillingtｏmaｋefriendsｗithworｋｍaｔes.15.Ａ.Housesaremｕｃhmorequiet.B.Housespｒovideｍｏrｅｐrivacy.Ｃ.Theywａnttoｈaｖemoreｓpace.D.Tｈeｙwantagardenｏfthｅｉrowｎ.SectionCDｉrections：Iｎthiｓseｃtion,youwillｈeaｒthreepａssageｓ.Ａttheendoｆeａchpａｓsａｇe，youwillhｅarthrｅeorfourquestionｓ.Boththepassａgｅandthequestiｏnｓwillｂeｓpokｅnonlyonce．Aｆteｒyouheaｒaqueｓtioｎ，ｙoumuｓtchooseｔhebesｔａnswerｆｒomthefｏurcｈoicesｍaｒkedA,B,CaｎｄD.ThenmarktｈecoｒrespondｉngletterｏnAｎswerSheeｔ1ｗithａｓinglelinethrｏuｇhtｈeceｎｔｒe.Questiｏns16to18arebａsedontheｐassageｙouhavejustheard.16．A.Theyｄoｎ＇thavｅｍuchchoiceｏfjoｂｓ.Ｂ．Theyaｒｅｌikｅｌytoｇeｔｍｕｃｈhｉｇｈerｐａｙ．C.Thｅyｄon'tｈaｖetoｇｏthｒoｕghjobintervｉeｗs.D．Tｈeywｉllautoｍａt(yī)icallybeｇivｅｎｈiringpｒｉｏrｉty.17.A.Aｓｋtheiｒprｏfeｓsorsｆorheｌｐ.B.Loｏkａt(yī)ｓchoolｂuｌｌetiｎboards.C．Visittheschoolcareerｓseｒvice.D.Gotｈroughcａmpusneｗspapers.18．A．Helｐｉnｇsｔudｅntsfｉndｔｈeｂooksanｄjｏuｒnａｌsthｅｙnｅｅd.B.Ｓupｅrｖisingstｕｄysｐaceｓtoensureaｑuｉetａt(yī)mosphere．C.Ｈelpingstｕdenｔsａrｒaｎgeappoiｎtｍentｓwｉthｌｉbrarians.D．Proｖｉdingｓtudentｓｗｉtｈinformatiｏnａbｏｕtthｅｌiｂrary．Quｅstions19ｔo21aｒebasedoｎtheｐassageyouｈａvejusｔhｅａrd．1９.A.Ittastｅsｂeｔｔer．Ｂ.Ｉtｉseasiｅrtogrow.C.Itmaｙbｅｓoｌdａt(yī)ahigｈerprｉcｅ．Ｄ.Itｃａnbetteｒsurvivｅｅxtｒemｅwｅathｅｒs.２0.A.Itisheａｌｔhierｔｈａngreenｔｅa.B．Itｃａnｇｒoｗindriersｏｉl．C.Iｔwiｌｌreｐlacegreenｔeａoneday.D.Iｔｉsimmunetｏｖａrｉoｕsdｉsｅaseｓ.21.A．Ithasbｅenwellreceiｖedbｙmａnｙteadｒinｋerｓ．B．Itｄoesnotbringtheprｏｍiseｄhｅａlthbenefｉts．C．Ｉthａｓｍａdeteａfａrｍerｓ'lifeeasieｒ.D.Itdoeｓnotｈａveastableｍaｒket.Queｓtions2２tｏ２5arｅbasｅdoｎtｈｅpａssagｅyｏｕｈavejustheard.22.A．Theyｎeｅddeｃorationｓtosｈowtheｉrstatuｓ.B.Tｈｅyprｅferuniqueoｂjectsｏfhｉghquality.C．Ｔheydｅcoｒatetheirhoｍesthemselves.Ｄ.Theycａrｅｍorｅabｏutenviｒonmeｎt.23.A.Ｔheyｗudoｆｔheｉrｃreatioｎs.Ｂ.Tｈｅycouldonｌytryｔoｃreateａt(yī)ｎight.C.Ｔheyｍadｅgrｅatcontriｂｕtioｎｓtosｏcietｙ.D．Tｈｅyｆocｕｓedｏnthｅqｕalityoｆtheiｒpｒoducts.2４.A.Maｋewiｓecｈｏｉces.Ｂ.Idｅntｉfyfakｅｃrafｔs.C.Desｉgｎhaｎdicrafｔｓthemseｌves.D.Learntｈｅimporｔanceoｆcreａt(yī)iｏn．2５.A．Toboosttheloｃaleconomy．Ｂ.Toatｔraｃｔfoｒeigninｖestmentｓ.C．Ｔoａrousｅpuｂlicinterestincrafts．Ｄ.Ｔoprｅserｖｅthetrａdiｔiｏｎａlcultｕrｅ.PaｒtⅢReａdiｎgＣompｒehｅnsｉon(40minuteｓ)SectioｎＡDiｒectｉｏｎs:Inｔhｉｓｓectiｏn,thereisapassaｇewithｔｅnblａnkｓ.Yｏｕaｒerequiredto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onｉcaＣｏｒnetｔiｒunsaｃoｍpanｙthaｔgamifｉesemｐloｙeetrainings.Somｅtiｍeｓthisinvoｌvｅstecｈnoloｇｙ,buｔoftenitdoesnｏt.Shereceｎｔlyｄesigｎedａgamificaｔｉonsｔｒａｔegｙforasaiestraininｇｃoｍpanｙwｉthasｔｏrm-chaｓｉngtheｍe.Eｍploｙeesformｅd＂ｓtoｒmcｈａsertｅａｍs"aｎdcompeｔediｎstorｍ－ｔhemededuｃationaleｘeｒciｓｅｓtoearnvarｉｏusrｅｗaｒds."Ｒeｗａrｄsdonｏthaｖetobestuｆｆ,"Cｏrｎeｔｔisａｙs."Rｅwardscａnｂeflexｉblewoｒkinghｏuｒs."Anotheｒtｒａｉnｉｎg,tｈisoneforpayｒolllaw,useｄaSnowWｈiｔeandtheＳevenDwarfsthemｅ."SnoｗWhite"isavailablefｏrｅｖeryｏｎetoｕse,buttｈe"dwａrfs"aｒｅstillｕnderｃｏpyright,sｏCｏrｎeｔtｉiｎvｅnteｄsｏｕnｄ-alikecharacters(GrumpyGuｓ,ＤopｅyDan)ｔｏilluｓtratespｅcificpａｙｒolllawprincｉpｌes．Ｉ)Sｏmeｐｅopledonottakenaturailytｏgaｍiｆiｅdwｏrkenｖironments，Coｒnｅｔｔｉsaｙｓ.Inｈerｅxｐeｒience，ｐeｏｐleinposiｔiｏnsoｆpｏwｅrｏrpeｏpleｉnfinanｃｅorｅngineｅringdonottｅnｄtoliketheｓoundoftheword."Iｆｗｅaｒedesiｇninｇfｏrｅｎgｉneers，Ｉ'mnｏttalkiｎgａbouｔa'gaｍe＇atａｌl，"Ｃｏrｎｅtｔisays."Ｉ'ｍtalｋingaｂouta'sｉｍulatｉon'（模擬),Ｉ＇mtａlkinｇaｂout'beingabletｏsoｌvｅthｉblem.'"J)Gamｉficatｉｏnis"notamａgicbullｅt,"Werbaｃhwaｒns．Agamｉficatｉoｎsｔrａt(yī)ｅgｙthatiｓｎotsufficienｔlythｏughtthroｕghorwｅlltaｉloｒｅdtoitsplayersmayengagｅｐeoplｅforalittlewhile,butiｔwiｌlｎotmotivatepeopleiｎthｅlongterm.Itｃaｎalsobeexploitative,eｓpｅcｉaｌlyｗheｎuseｄwithvｕlnｅraｂleｐopｕlａt(yī)iｏｎs.Ｆｏrｗｏrkers，ｅspeｃiallyｌow-ｐaidｗｏrkers,whodｅsperatelynｅeｄthｅiｒjｏbsyetknowthｅycanbeeasiｌｙreplaced,gａmifｉcationmａyfeelmｏｒｅｌikethｅＨungeｒGames.WerbａchgivestheexａmｐｌeoｆｓeveｒalDisneyｌandhｏtelsinＡｎaheim，Ｃaiifoｒnia,whichuｓｅdlａrgedigitalｌｅadｅrｂｏaｒdstodｉsplａｙhoweｆfiｃiｅnｔlylaundryｗｏrkeｒsｗeｒｅwｏｒkingcomｐaredtooneanoｔｈeｒ.Someempｌｏyeｅsfouｎdthｅboardmotiｖａｔｉng．Toｏtherｓ,ｉtｗasthｅoppoｓiteｏffｕn．Somｅｂegａntostoｐtakiｎgｂａt(yī)hrｏoｍbｒｅaks,worｒｉedtｈａt(yī)iftｈeirpｒｏduｃtiｖityfelltheywouldbeｆiｒed.Pregnａｎtempｌoyeesstｒｕgglｅｄtokeeｐup.InaLosAｎｇeｌeｓTimesartｉclｅ,ｏneeｍployeerefｅｒredｔotｈeboaｒdａｓa"ｄigitａlwｈｉｐ."＂Itaｃtualｌｙｈadaｖeｒyｎeｇatiｖeｅffecｔonmoraleａndｐerformanｃe,"Werbachsayｓ.K)Stｉｌl,gamiｆｉcatｉｏnｏnlyｓtandｓtｏｂecomemｏrepopｕlａr，hesaｙs,"asmoreandmorepeｏplecomｅｉnｔｏtheworkforcewhoareｆamiliarｗitｈthestｒｕcturesandｅxｐｒeｓｓｉonsｏfｄigitaigameｓ.""Weaｒefaｒfrｏｍreacｈｉｎgthepeａｋ,"Ｃornettiａgｒｅes．"Therｅiｓnoｒeasoｎthisｗｉllgoaway."３6.Somｅfａmouscｏｍpaniesareaｌreadyusingｇaｍifｉcationandmoｒearetryiｎｇtoｄothｅsame.３７.Ｇamｉficatｉｏnｉsnotａmiraclecｕreｆoｒallｗorkplaｃesasitｍayhaveneｇａt(yī)iｖｅｒesｕｌtｓ.38.Tｏenhanｃｅmoｒａｌｅ,onecｏｍpanｙasksｉtｓemploｙeeｓtoidenｔiｆｙｔhｅｉrｆelｌowwｏｒｋｅｒswhenｓtarｔiｎgtheiｒｃｏmpｕｔerｓ.3９．Theideaofgamｉficationwaspracｔicｅｄbysomeｂuｓiｎeｓsesmorｅthanacenturyａｇｏ.4０．Ｔheｒeisreａsoｎtobeｌievetｈatgamifiｃationwｉllbeｈｅretosｔaｙ．４1．Ｖideoｇamesｃontribｕtedinsomewａystothｅｗideapplｉcａt(yī)ionｏｆgamiｆｉｃaｔｉon．４2.Wｈｅｎtuｒｎｉngwoｒoagamｅ,iｔisnｅcｅssａrｙｔounderstａndwｈatmakesｇamｅsintereｓｔｉｎg．43.Gamificatioｎinｅmpｌoyeetraiｎｉｎgｄoesnoｔalwaysｎｅedtｅｃhnology.44.Thｅmｏstsuｃcessfulｇamifiｃatioｎpｌatformstransformｄailywｏｒkaｓsignmentsintofuneｘperieｎcｅs.45．Ｉtｉsnecesｓarytousetｅrmｓothertｈan"gamificａt(yī)iｏn＂foｒsomeprofessｉｏnｓ.ＳectｉoｎCDirｅcｔiｏnｓ:Theｒｅarｅ２pａsｓａgesinthiｓsection.Eachｐａssａgｅisfollowｅdbysomeｑuestionsorunfｉnｉshedsｔaｔｅmｅnts.FoｒｅａchofthemtherｅareｆoｕｒｃhoicesmarkｅdＡ,Ｂ,ＣandＤ.YoｕshoｕlddeciｄeoｎtｈeｂestchｏｉcｅandmaｒkthecｏrresｐｏndｉnｇｌeｔtｅrｏnAｎsｗerSheet2withasiｎｇlｅlinethroughtheｃeｎｔre.ＰａsｓageOｎｅQueｓｔions46tｏ50aｒebａsｅdｏnthefｏllowｉngｐａssａge.ReceｎtlｙＩaｔteｎdedｓeｖeｒalmeeｔiｎｇｓｗｈｅreweｔalkedaｂｏutwａysｔｏｒeｔainstudｅntsandkeｅｐyoungｅｒｆaculｔymemberｓｆrｏｍｇｏｉｎgelｓeｗｈere．Ｉtsｅemsｈiｇhereducationhasbecｏmeａniｎduｓtｒｙｏfmeeｔing-hｏlｄeｒｓwｈoｓｅtａskitistｏ＂ｓoｌvｅ"problems--ｒealｏrimａgineｄ.Ａnｄiｎmypositiｏnasapｒoｆeｓsoratｔhreｅdiffereｎtcollegｅｓ,ｔhｅactualproblemsinｅducaｔingoｕryouｎgpeopleandoldｅｒstuｄｅntｓhaｖedeeｐened,whilｅｔhenｕmberoｆpeopleｈirｅｄ-－nottｏteaｃhbuｔtohｏｌdmeeｔiｎgs－-hasincreasedsｉｇｎifｉcantlｙ．Eveｒyblemcreａt(yī)eｓａneｗjｏbforanaｄmｉnistraｔivefiｘｅr.TakeoｕｒＣentｅrｆoｒTeａchiｎgExcellenｃe.Ｃontｒarytoitsｔitｌe,ｔhecenｔeriｓaｃlｅａriｎgｈoｕsｅ(信息交流中心)ｆoｒuｓingtｅｃｈnｏlogｙinclaｓsｒoｏmsandｉｎonlｉnｅcourses.Ｉt＇sanadmiｎｉｓtratiｖｅshａm（欺詐)ｏfthｅkiｎdtｈathasmuｌtｉpliedoｖｅrｔｈｅｌａst３0yｅars．Iofｆeｒasｉmpleproposｉｔｉoninrｅsｐonsｅ:Ｍａｎｙoｆoｕrproblems--ｃlassatteｎdance,eduｃationaｌｓuccesｓ，stｕdenthappinｅssaｎdｗeｌl-being--mightbｅimprｏvｅdbｙcuttingｄowｎthebｕreaｕcrａｔｉc(官僚的)mｅcｈanismsandmｅeｔingｓaｎdinsteａdｈｉringanarmyoｆgoodteaｃｈｅrs.Ifweｒepｌaｃedｈalfofourａdmiｎistrativｅｓtａｆfwithclasｓｒoｏmtｅacherｓ,wｅｍiｇhtａctuallｙgeｔamａjorityofｏurclassesbaｃkｔo20oｒfｅwｅrstudentspertｅacｈｅr.Thiswｏuldbeanｅnｖironmｅｎtiｎwhiｃhteａｃｈｅrsanｄｓtudenｔｓactuallykneｗeacｈｏthｅｒ．Tｈetｅａcherｓｍustbｅfreetotｅaｃhｉnthｅｉｒoｗnｗａy--thecurricuｌuｍshouldbeflexｉbleｅnｏuｇhsｏthatｔhｅycanｕsetheiriｎdividualｔａleｎtｓtoacｈiｅvｅthegoalsofthecourse.Addｉtｉonalｌy,theyshoulｄｂｅａｌｌoweｄtoteach,ａndｂerewaｒdeｄｆoｒdｏiｎgitwell．Teachｅrsａｒｅｎoｔｐeｏpleｗｈoaregreatａt(yī)ａndcoｎsｕmｅdbyreseａｒchandhappeｎtoａppeariｎaｃlａssroom.Goodｔeａchiｎｇandrｅseａrcｈaｒenotｅxcｌusｉｖe，buttｈeｙaｒeａlsｏｎoｔaｕtｏmａｔiccｏｍｐanioｎs.Teacｈiｎgisanartanｄａｃraft,tａleｎtandprａｃtice;itiｓnｏtsoｍｅtｈiｎｇtｈaｔjustａnｙonｅcａnbｅgooｄaｔ.Iｔｉsutｔｅrlycｏnfusiｎｇtoｍethatpｅoplｅdｏnotｒecogｎizｅｔhis，despitetheｆacｔtｈatｐrettymuｃhａnyonewｈｏhａsbeｅｎａｓtudeｎｔcaｎtellｔｈｅdｉfｆerｅncebetweentｈeirbｅｓtａndwｏrｓtteachers.4６．Whatdoｅsthｅａuthorｓaｙaboutｐrｅｓenｔ-ｄａyunｉvｅrsities?A.Tｈeyareeffecｔivelyｔacklｉｎgrealorimaｇｉnｅdprobｌems.B.Tｈeｙoftenfailtoｃomｂineteａchiｎgwｉtｈreｓeａｒch.Ｃ.Theyaｒeｏver-burdeneｄwｉthadmirｅs"ｔratiｖestａff.Ｄ.Theylacktaｌｅnttoｆixｔｈeｉrｄeeｐeningｐroblｅmｓ．47.Accｏrdingtotｈeautｈor,whatkｉｎｄofｐeoplｅdｏuｎｉvｅrｓiｔｉeｓｌaｃkmost?Ａ.Goｏdｃlａssroomteaｃhｅrs.Ｂ.Effｉｃiｅnｔadｍinistratoｒs.C.Taleｎtedresearchers.D.Motivatedｓtｕｄenｔs.4８.Wｈaｔdoestheauthｏrimplｙabｏuｔthｅcｌassesaｔpreseｎt？A.Theｙfacｉliｔａｔｅstudｅnts＇ｉndepenｄentlｅａrｎing.B.Theｙｈeｌpｓtudentsformcloseｒreｌationｓｈiｐｓ．C.Theyｈａvemoreｏldeｒstudentsthanｂeｆore.Ｄ.Thｅｙaremuchbigｇerthanisdesirａbｌe.49．Ｗhatdoestheaｕthｏrtｈinkｏｆtｅａchiｎgabilitｙ?A．Itｒｅquｉrｅｓtalｅntandpｒactｉｃe.B.Iｔisclosｅlyrelａt(yī)ｅｄｔoresｅａｒch．C.Itiｓaｃhｉｅｆfactorafｆectinｇstudeｎｔs＇learning.D．Itcanｂeacqｕiｒｅｄtｈrouｇhpersistentｐracticｅ.50.Wｈaｔistｈeａｕtｈｏｒ'ｓsuggestｉoｎｆｏrimprｏvinｇunivｅrsitytｅacｈinｇ?A.Crｅatiｎganｅｎｖｉｒｏnmｅntforteachｅｒsｔoshaｒｅｔhｅｉrteacｈingexperieｎｃes.Ｂ.Hiringmoreclassrooｍtｅaｃhｅrsandallowingthemtoteachinthｅiｒownway．C.Uｓinghiｇhteｃｈnolｏgｙinｃlasｓroｏmｓanｄpromｏtingeｘcｈangeｏfｉnfｏｒｍation.D.Cuｔtinｇdoｗnmeetinｇsandencouraｇｉngadmｉniｓtrativeｓｔaｆftogotｏclａssrｏoms.PａssaｇeＴwｏＱｕestiｏns51tｏ55ａｒebasｅｄｏnｔhefｏllowｉnｇpaｓsaｇe.Ｔhｅsecrettｏeatinｇｌessaｎｄbｅingｈappyaｂoutiｔmayｈａvｅｂeｅnｃｒacｋｅｄyeａｒｓａｇo－-byMcDonald's.ＡcｃordｉngtoanewｓtｕｄyｆromCorneｌlUｎiversity'ｓFoodaｎdＢrａndＬａｂ,smallnon－foodrｅｗards--likethetoｙｓiｎMcDonａld'sHappyMｅals--stimuｌａt(yī)ｅthｅsamerｅｗardcentｅrsｉntｈebraiｎasfｏoddoｅs.Tｈeresearcｈeｒs，lｅdbyMartiｎReiｍａnn,ｃarriedoｕtａseriesofexperimentstosｅeｉfｐeｏｐleｗoｕldchooseaｓｍalｌｅrｍeaｌffitwasｐairedwiｔhanｏn－fｏodｉtｅm.Thｅyfoｕｎdthａt(yī)themaｊorｉｔyofboｔhkidｓandadｕｌtsopｔedforａｈaｆt-sizedpoｒtｉonｗhenｃombｉnedwithaprｉｚe.Ｂotｈoptｉｏnsｗereｐriｃedtｈｅsame.Ｅvenmoreinterestinｇisthatｔhepromｉｓeofａfｕtuｒerewａrｄwaｓenｏughtｏmakｅaｄulｔschoｏsetｈesｍalｌeｒporｔion.Oneｏfthｅpｒｉzesｕsedwasａloｔterytiｃｋｅt(彩票）,withａ＄1０,$50ｏr$100paｙｏｕt，aｎｄｔhiswasaseｆfeｃtｉｖeasataｎｇiｂｌegiftinpeｒsuaｄingｐｅopｌｅtoeatlｅss．"Ｔhefactthatｐaｒticｉpaｎtsweｒewｉllinｇｔoｓuｂｓtitutepaｒtｏfafoodｉteｍforｔhemerｅproｓpectｏfarelatｉｖelysmalｌmoｎeｔａｒyａwarｄisinｔerｅsting，"saysReimanｎ.Ｈeｔheorizesｔhaｔｉtisｔｈeｅmotionalｃompoｎentoftheｓaｎgiblｅｐｒｉｚeｓｔｈatmakeｔhemeｆfectiｖe．Iｎfact,vａguely-statｅdpossiｂilｉtiesofwinｎｉngａpｒizｅweremorｅefｆeｃｔｉvethanoｐtioｎswｉthｈardoddsincludｅd．＂OnｅeｘplanationforthｉsｆｉndingisthaｔpｏssiｂleawaｒdsmaybeｍorｅemｏtiｏnallypｒｏvoｋｉngｔhancｅrtraiｎtyＲeiｍann."Tｈeofaddeｄaｔtrａctｉonａndawａｒds，"saysuncertａintｙwiｎningproｖｉdｅsdｅsirａｂilitythｒouｇhemｏtioｎal'thriｌlｓ．'Ｔheｐoｓｓibｉlityｏfreceiviｎganaｗarｄａduceｓastateofhope--asｔatetｈａt(yī)isinitselfｐsｙchologicallyrｅｗarｄiｎg."Inothｅrwｏｒdｓ,tｈere'sareａsonwhypeopｌｅlikeｔｏgaｍblｅ.Ｈoｗｍigｈttｈｉsknowlｅdgebｅuseｄtohelｐｐeopｌeeａt(yī)moreｈealtｈｉly?Onepossｉbiｌityisaｈealthｙoptionthatofｆｅrsｔhecｈancetowinasｐa(溫泉療養(yǎng))weeｋend.Ｏrmaybetherｅｗａrdofahaｌf-ｓizｅdpoｒtionｃouldｂｅａhalf-siｚｅddesserｔtobeclａimｅｄonlｙonafuｔurｅdaｔe.Thatwouldgeｔyoｕｂackinｔｈeｒestaｕrａnt--ａnｄmaｋeｙoueatalittleless.51．WhatdoｗeleａｒnabｏuｔMcDonaｌｄ'siｎｃlusｉoｎoｆtoｙsinｉｔｓHaｐｐyMeals?A.Itmayｓhedlｉｇhtonpeople'sdesｉrｅtocrａｃkａｓｅcret.Ｂ．ＩｔｈasprｏvedtｏbｅkeytoMcDｏnald'sbusiｎeｓssuｃｃｅss．C.Ｉtａppealstｏkiｄ'ｓｃuriositｙtｏfredoutｗhaｔiｓhiddeninside.D.Iｔmaybeａｐｌeaｓantｗａyforkidstｏredｕcｅtheiｒfｏodintakｅ.5２.WhatistｈefindiｎgofｔhereｓｅarchｅrsleｄｂyMartinＲeimaｎn?Ａ.Rｅducｉngfｏodinｔａｋeisnoｔｔｈａt(yī)dｉffｉcｕlｔifpeoplegoｔｏMcDonaｌd'smoｒe.B.Mｏstkidｓanｄadｕlｔsdoｎ＇taｃtualｌyｆｅeｌｈungrｙwｈentｈeyｅaｔhaｌfoftheirｍｅaｌ．C.Ｅatiｎgasｍａlleｒportiｏnoffooｄdoesｇoodtotｈｅheａlｔhofkiｄsandadｕltsaliｋｅ.Ｄ．Mostｋiｄsandaｄｕｌtｓwｏｕlｄchｏｏseasmallermealｔhaｔcamewithａnon-fooditｅｍ．5３.ＷhatiｓｍｏstintereｓtiｎginMａrtinReimａnn＇sfmding？A.Kidｓｐｒeferredanawardinthefｏrｍｏｆmｏneytoonｅiｎtheforｍｏfatoy.B.Aｄultschｏseｔhesmaｌlerｐorｔｉonontｈemeｒｅｐｒomiｓｅoｆafutureawａｒｄ．C.Bothkidsandadultsfeｌtsａt(yī)ｉsｆiedwｉtｈｏｎlyhaｌfofｔhｅirmeaｌpｏrｔions.Ｄ.Nｅitherｃhｉｌdrennorａdｕlｔｓcoulｄreｓiｓtthetemptaｔionoｆafreetoy.５4．HｏwｄｏesMarｔｉｎReimａnｎｉntｅrprｅtｈisｆindｉｎｇ？A．Ｔheeｍotiｏnaｌcompｏnentoｆｔheｐrizesiｓａt(yī)ｗｏrk.B.Ｐeoｐlenowｃaｒeｍｏreaboutｑuａlｉtｙｔｈａｎquanｔity.C．Peoplｅprefｅrｃeｒtaiｎtyawardsｔopossiｂlｅａwarｄs．D.Ｔhedesireｆoｒafutuｒeｒewaｒｄisoｖｅｒwhｅlｍing.55.WhatｃａｎｗｅinferｆrｏmMartinReimann'sfｉｎdinｇ?Ａ．Peopleｓhoulｄeａｔｍuchlessiｆthｅyｗｉshｔｏｓtayheａlthyandhａｐpy．B.MorefａsｔｆｏodrestaｕｒantsaｒｅliｋelyｔｏfoｌlowMcＤonaｌd'sｅｘaｍple.C.Wecanｌeadpeoｐlｅtｏｅatlessｗｈｉleheｌpｉngｔｈerestaurａｎtbusｉneｓs.D.Ｍorestudiｅｓaｒeneedeｄtofinｄｏｕtｔheimpactofｅmotiononbｅｈaｖior.PartIＶTranｓlation(3０miｎuｔes)Diｒecｔionｓ:Forｔhｉｓpart,youａrealｌowed30minutestotranslａt(yī)eapassａgefrｏmChiｎeseinｔoＥnglｉsh.YｏuｓｈouｌｄwriteyouranｓｗeroｎＡnｓwｅrShｅｅt2.在中國文化中,紅色通常象征著好運、長壽和幸福。在春節(jié)和其他喜慶場合,紅色到處可見。人們把鈔票作為禮物送給家人或密切朋友時，通常放在紅信封里。紅色在中國流行的另一個因素是人們把它與中國革命和共產(chǎn)黨相聯(lián)系。然而,紅色并不總是代表好運和快樂。由于從前死者的名字常用紅色書寫，用紅墨水書寫中國人名被當(dāng)作是一種冒犯行為。202３年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題答案與詳解(第1套)PartⅠWrｉtｉnｇ高分范文FinｄaJｏbFirst①Collegeｓtudｅnｔｓ'optionsｕpongｒaｄｕationｖａryｆromｐｅrｓｏｎtoperson．Somesｔｕｄｅｎtｓchooｓｅtohuntfｏrajｏｂwｈiｌeothｅrs_pｒefertｏstaｒttheirownbusｉｎess.②Asｆorｍe,Iwoｕｌｄratheｒfindajoｂfirｓt.③Thereａｓｏnｓfｏrmyｄecisionareasfｏllｏws.④Fｏroｎethinｇ,ｉtismucheasierformetｏｆindａjobｃompareｄwｉthsｔａｒtingabuｓinesｓwｈichｄemaｎdsfｕnd,eｘｐｅｒienceaｎdｔhemarkｅｔ.Aｓａｇreｅnｈandwhohasｊustgｒａduaｔedｆromacollegｅ，it＇stotalｌybeyondmｙaｂiliｔｙtohanｄlｅsuchａcｏmplexsｉtｕatｉon.⑤Foｒanoｔheｒ,wｏｒｋingfｏｒothｅrsｃｏuldｄｅveｌopｍypersonalｉties,sｕｃhａｓpｅrseveranｃe,hａrdworｋingandsｔｒessｔolerａｎceabiliｔy,wｈichcaｎｈelpmｅｂecomemｏｒepreｐａredandqualifiｅｄifIｗouldｌｉkｅtosｔartｕｐmyｏwnbusiｎess.Toconcluｄe,⑥chancesalwaysfavｏｒthosｅwhoａｒｅｐｒepareｄ.AndＩｄon'tthｉnkapｅｒsoncoｕｌｄreallｙ"buiｌｄｕｐfroｍｎｏthｉnｇ＂.⑦Asａresult,Iwｉllfｉｎｄａjoｂｆiｒstaｆtergｒａduａt(yī)ion.全文翻譯請看PartIIListeninｇＣoｍpreｈensionNewsRepｏrtOne聽力原文解析Ｑuestionｓ1and2arｅbａsｅdoｎｔｈenewsrｅporｔyouhaｖeｊｕstheａｒd.預(yù)覽兩道題各選項,由dangｅrous，livｅin,strｉｋe，stoｒm，foｒestfｉｒｅ和aｔｔack等詞可以推測，新聞內(nèi)容與某個危險事件導(dǎo)致房屋不能居住有關(guān)。1．WhydidJohnGordonmoveouｔoftheAｂergeldｉeCasｔle？Ａ。新聞中提到,城堡的主人約翰·戈登周日被迫搬離城堡,這是由于迪河的河水沖走了大約6０英尺的土地,導(dǎo)致城堡離河太近,十分危險。由此可知，約翰·戈登搬離城堡是由于居住在這里會有危險，故答案為A。2.WhaｔｈａｐpｅｎedｉｎＳcｏtlanｄlａsｔWednesday?B。新聞中提到,自法蘭克風(fēng)暴于上周三襲擊蘇格蘭后，蘇格蘭環(huán)境保護(hù)署已經(jīng)發(fā)布了超過３5次覆蓋多個地區(qū)的洪水警報。由此可知,上周三蘇格蘭受到了風(fēng)暴襲擊,故答案為B。NewsReporｔＴｗｏ聽力原文查看Queｓtions3ａnd4arｅｂasedontｈenewsrepｏｒtｙouhavejｕsｔhｅａrｄ.預(yù)覽兩道題各選項，由選項中的lｏstcontａct,trapｐeｄ，ｕｎdergroundeｌｅvator,callsfoｒhelｐ，repair,supplｉｅs和mineｒs等詞可以推測，新聞內(nèi)容與礦工受困和救援有關(guān)。3.Ｂ。查看解析4．C。查看解析NewｓRepoｒｔThree聽力原文查看Qｕestiｏｎs5to7ａｒebasｅｄonｔhenewsrｅportyouhavejｕｓtｈeaｒｄ．預(yù)覽三道題各選項，由選項中的pｏstagｅraｔes,serｖｉcｅs,delｉvｅｒy,pｏstoffices，Shorｔening,Cｌoｓiｎg,Stopping和mail等詞可以推測，新聞內(nèi)容與郵政現(xiàn)有的問題以及為應(yīng)對問題所采用的措施有關(guān)。5.Ｄ。查看解析6.C。查看解析7.A。查看解析ConversatｉonOneM：Mｒｓ.Ｈampｔon,ｗe'vegoｔtrｏｕbleinthｅｐｒessroｏｍthｉsmoｒniｎg.W：Ｏhdｅar，whataboｕｔ?M:Ｏneoftｈepreｓsopｅｒatｏrｓarrivｅdanｈoｕｒandaｈaftｌａｔe．W:（8)Buttｈat'sasｔｒaｉｇｈtｆorｗａrdaｆｆair.Hewiｌlｓimｐlylosepartoｆｈisｐay．Ｔhat'swｈywehaveacｌockinsystem.M:Ｂuttｈepointiｓtｈemａnwasclocｋeｄｉnat8o'clock.WehaveJohnstandingbyｔheｔimeｃlock，ａndhｅsweａrsｈeｓawnothingirｒｅｇｕlaｒ.W:(9-1)ＩsJohnrｅliable？M:(９-2)Yeｓ,ｈｅｉs．Ｔhat＇swhｙwecｈosehimfｏrｔhｅjob．W:Hａveyｏｕspokentotheｍanwhｏwａslatｅ？M：Notyeｔ.IthoughtI'dhaveawｏrdｗitｈyoufｉrst.Hｅ'sadｉｆｆiｃultman，andIthｉnkthｅｒe'ｓbｅｅnｓｏmｅtｒoｕbleonthｅshopfloor.I＇ｖegｏｔａｆeeｌｉngtｈatthetradeunionreprｅｓｅnｔaｔiveisｂｅｈiｎｄthis.ThemanagｅrtoldmethａｔJacｋＧreen'sｂeenveｒyaｃtivearoｕnｄｔheshopｔhelasｔｆewdays.Ｗ:Weｌl，whatdoyoｕｗaｎｔｍｅtｏdo？Ｍ:(10)Ｉｗaswonｄｅrinｇiｆyou＇dseeＳｍith--themａnwhowaｓlate－-beｃauｓeyoｕａresomucｈbetterathａndｌiｎgｔｈｉｎgslｉketｈis.W：Oh,aｌrｉght.I'lｌseeｈiｍ．ImustsaｙIaｇrｅeｗiｔhyｏuａｂoｕttherebｅｉngbadｆeeｌinｇsｉｎthewoｒkerｓ.(11)I'vｅhadtｈeｉdeaforｓｏmeｔiｍethatJａｃkGｒeｅn'sbeeｎbusｙstirrinｇｔhｉngsｕｐinｃｏnnectionwiththelatestwageｃlaim．Hｅ＇salwaｙsｔryingtoｍaketｒoｕble．Ｗeｌｌ,I'lｌｇetthemanaｇerｔosendSｍithｕｐhere.Ｑuｅstions8to1１ａrebasedｏntheconversatｉonyｏuhaｖｅjustheard．8.D。查看解析9.B。查看解析10.Ｄ。查看解析１１.Ｃ。查看解析CｏnversationＴwo聽力原文查看Qｕestｉoｎｓ12ｔｏ１5arebaｓedonｔhｅcoｎｖｅｒsａt(yī)ionｙouｈavejｕstheａrd.預(yù)覽四道題各選項,第1２題各選項均為形容人性格的形容詞，考核對某人性格的描述;第13題各選項為對They這個群體的行為描述，考察這一群體在特定環(huán)境中的行為動作；第1４題四個選項主語均為Sｈe,且出現(xiàn)了forｅiｇnｅr和Engｌisｈcａstle，由此可以推測,對話內(nèi)容與英國或英國人相關(guān)，本題也許考察某位女士在英國所受到的待遇;第1５題考察某類人的住房規(guī)定。12.D。查看解析13