2022屆湖北省天門市高三高考模擬英語(yǔ)試卷

14/1413/14/2022屆湖北省天門市高三高考模擬英語(yǔ)試卷時(shí)間：100分鐘第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A???AnewguidebookshowcasingHainan,China'ssouthernmostprovince,toEnglish-speakingreaderswaslaunchedonSept.9atTheCommercialPressheadofficeinBeijing.???Producedbytheaward-winninginternationalteamofwritersandeditorsbehindTheWorldofChinese,thisbookHainan:JadeCliffstoOceanParadisedivesdeepintothenatural,culturalandhumanisticsidesofanislandlatelyassociatedwithretireesandrealestate.???"Mosttravelguidesstopattellingyouwhereandhowtovisit,"saidChuDandan,chiefeditorofTheWorldofChinese,atthebook'slaunchevent."Ourbooktellsyouwhyyoushouldvisit."Whatmovesreadersare"morethanjustseaandcoconuts,"Chusaid,"butthepeopleandthestoriesinbetween."???FromHainan'sfamousbeachresortstoitsbackcountryinterior,thebook'swriterswentacrosstheprovinceinsearchoflittle-toldtales—trekking(跋涉)upitsprimeval(原始的)hillsandthroughitsrainforests,sippingteaandcoffeewithlocals,visitingthehomesoffishermenandethnicminoritiesanddiscoveringthepassionsofmarinearchaeologists,conservationistsandsurfers.???Thesepersonalexperiencesandfirst-handconversationsarereflectedineachofthebook'schaptersonHainan'secology,history,culture,leisure,food,sportsandeconomy.Thesetopicsarethenbroughttolifebyoriginalphotographs,hand-drawnmaps,interviewswithnativeauthorsandscholarsandprofilesoncolorfulindividualsandcommunities.???"OneofthethingsIwasnotexpectingtofindwasaquaintlittlefishingvillage.Inevitably,modemelementspermeatethebeautyofancientelegance.Thevillagehasbeenquietlyhalf-occupiedbyagrowingmodemsurfingcommunity,"SamDavies,oneofthewriters,toldtheaudienceaboutvisitingthevillageofHouhaiinSanya.???"Iwasabletotalktosomelocalsandothersabouthowthevillagehaschanged,whatithasmeantforpeople'slives,andhowsurfingisjuststartingtodevelopinChina,"Daviessaid.???"Ouraimistocreatesomethingthatwillgofar,"GuQing,generalsecretaryofTheCommercialPress,saidatthebooklaunch."IbelieveHainan'sdevelopmentwillexceedeventhepredictionsinthisbook,andwehopethisbookandHainanwillgooutintotheworldtogether."???Formoreinformationaboutthebook,pleaseleavemessagesbelow.1.WhyisHainan:JadeCliffstoOceanParadisedifferentfromotherbooks?A.Ittellsyouwhereandhowtovisit.B.Itintroducesseaandcoconutsindetail.C.IttellsyouwhyyoushouldvisitHainan.D.Itisproducedbyanaward-winninginternationalteam.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"quaint"inParagraph6mean?A.Old. B.Quiet.C.Beautiful. D.Seaside.3.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Atravelmagazine.C.Anewswebsite. D.Abiography.B???Twentyyearsago,Ibecameinvolvedinpettherapy(療法)workwithourAngel.Asshematuredandwentthroughprofessionaltraining,werealizedthatshewouldbegoodatthisnewjob.???Angelistennowandworkseveryweek.Shevisitstwohospitals,providingdaycarefortheelderly,andourlibrary'sPAWSforReadingprogram.Atthelibrary,sixtotendogslieonthefloor,andthekidspickabooktoreadtoadog.Aftertheyfinish,theygetacardwiththedog'spictureandhistory.Angelalsohelpsoutataspecial-needscamp.Sheissopopularthateverywherewegopeoplerecognizeher,especiallythekidsshehasworkedwith.???Wehaveseensomeveryspecialthingsthroughourpettherapywork.IbroughtAngeltoourlocalhospitaltovisitawomanwhowascompletelyunabletomovetherightsideofherbodyfromastroke(中風(fēng)).Oneday,myhusband,Jack,gotAngelupintoachairnexttothewoman'sbed,askingherifshewantedtogiveAngelatreat.Shenodded.Angelgentlytookthetreat.ThenthewomanraisedherrighthandandstartedpettingAngel.Herfriendcouldn'tbelievehereyes.???Afterthat,everytimewesawthewoman,sheliftedherlefthand.We'dtellhershehadtouseherrighthand,andshewould.Next,you'llfallinlovewiththiswoman'sstoryofrearingherownAngellaterinherfamilyandwhyshecallsitthebestdecisionsheevermade.4.WhoisAngel?A.Apettrainer. B.Ahospitalcarer.C.Atherapydog. D.Theauthor'skid.5.WhatdoesAngelusuallydo?A.Saveseriouslyillpeople.B.Payvisitstokidsinhospital.C.Protecttheelderlyintheirhomes.D.Helpchildrenataspecialcamp.6.Whywasthewoman'sfriendastonished?A.Thewomanmovedherrighthand.B.ThewomantreatedAngel.C.Angelhelpedthewomanrecover.D.Angelgotalongwiththewoman.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rearing"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Accompanying. B.Raising.C.Assisting. D.Training.C???Timefamine(饑荒),atermreferstotheuniversalfeelingofhavingtoomuchtodobutnotenoughtimetodealwiththosedemands.Spendingmoneyontime-savingpurchasesmayprotectyoufromeffectstimefaminecanhaveonyourhappiness,suggestsanewstudyofwhichAshleyWhillansservedasaleadauthor.Whillanshasexperiencedthatrecently,whowastryingtomovetoanewcityforanewjob,andfeltthereweren'tenoughhoursinthedaysleadinguptohermove.???"ThenIhavegroceriesdeliveredtomyhouse.IhavesomeonethatIdon'tknowmoveawaymyboxes,whichbringsupawholebunch?offeelings.Ihonestlythink,ifitwasn'tfordoingthisresearchandthemove,Imighthavehadsomeconcernaboutthosepurchases,"Whillanssays."Itrequiresforwardplanningandmentalabilitiestothinkforward.Butthatindeedreducesnegativeeffectsoffeelingstressedfortime."???Thenewstudyincludedself-reporteddataon6,271adultsofvariousincomelevelsfromvariouscountries.Theresearchersfoundthat,regardlessoftheirlevels,spendingmoneyonbuyingtimewasassociatedwithgreaterlifesatisfactionandlessanxiety.Onthesurface,thestudymayseemlikeit'sofferingasolutiononlyfortheaffluent,butitalsopointsouthowtimefamineandbuyingtimeinfluenceusall."Ithinkourresearchactuallyfliesinthefaceoftheprejudgmentontime-savingpurchases,"saysElizabethDunn,aco-authorofthestudy."Sometimeswhenpeopleimaginetime-savingservicesmaybewhatthey'repicturingisahousekeeper,maids,andagardener,butwhatwe'retalkingaboutisthatjustspending$40makesadifference."???"Actually,thethingthatsurprisedmemostfromourfindingsishowfewpeopleactuallyspendtheirmoneyinawaythatwewouldclassifyasbeingtime-saving,evenwhentheyhavetheabilityandwhendoingsomaybenefitoverallwellbeingandlifesatisfaction,"Dunnsays.Sheaddstheyplannedtoconductfollow-upstudiesonthephenomenon."Ibelievewecanfigureitout."8.WhathasWhillanslearnedfromherrecentexperience?A.Askingstrangersforhelpisuneasy.B.Buyingtimeimprovesmentalabilities.C.Forwardplanningisamustforresearchers.D.Savingtimebyspendingmoneyisworthwhile.9.Whatdoes"affluent"underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Busy. B.Wealthy. C.Anxious. D.Public.10.Whatwilltheresearchersstudynext?A.Measurestodealwithtimefamine.B.Waystopersuadepeopletobuytime.C.People'sopinionsontime-savingservices.D.Reasonspeopleareunwillingtobuytime.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Buytime—ACommonPhenomenonB.TimeFamine—WeAllFeelItC.Buytime—IncreaseYourHappinessD.TimeFamine—NoLongeraProblemD???Cigarettesaren'tjustharmfulwhenthey'rebeingsmoked.Evenwhencigaretteendsgooutandarecold,newresearchhasfoundtheycontinuetogiveoffharmfulchemicalsintheair.Inthefirst24hoursalone,scientistssayausedcigaretteendwillproduce14percentofthenicotine(尼古丁)thatanactivelyburningcigarettewouldproduce.???Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater.???"Iwasabsolutelysurprised,"saysenvironmentalengineerDustinPoppendieckfromtheUnitedStatesNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)."Thenumbersaresignificantandcouldhaveimportantimpactswhencigaretteendsaredealtwithindoorsorincars.Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter."???Tomeasureemissions(排放)fromthisforgottenthing,Poppendieckandhisteamplaced2,100cigarettesthatwererecentlyputoutinsideaspecialroom.Oncetheendsweresealedaway,theteammeasuredeightchemicalscommonlyproducedbycigarettes,fourofwhichtheFDAhavetheireyeonforbeingharmfulorpotentiallyso.???Aftersettingtheroom'stemperature,theresearcherstestedhowemissionschangedundercertainconditions.Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates.Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸)outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat.12.Whatdotheresearcherssayaboutcigaretteends?A.Theycontainlittlenicotine.B.Theyproducenonicotine5dayslater.C.Theygiveoffnicotinefordays.D.Theycreateasmuchnicotineasburningcigarettes.13.WhatdoPoppendieck'swordssuggest?A.First-handsmokingdoesmostharm.B.Thefindingsarewithinhisexpectation.C.Cigarettesshouldbedealtwithindoors.D.Healthinfluenceofcigaretteendsisignored.14.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthorsattitudetonotcleaningashtraysfordays?A.Unclear. B.Disapproving. C.Unconcerned. D.Puzzled.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsedCigaretteEndsReleaseHarmfulChemicalsB.CigarettesAreMoreHarmfulWhileBeingSmokedC.ResearchFoundReasonsforCigaretteEnds'HarmD.CigaretteEndsProduceMoreChemicalsintheHeat第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。???ManyofusmakeitourNewYeardecisiontogetmoreactive—butyoudon'thavetospendafortuneingyms.__16___Butbyswitchingthatplanforthesefollowingideas,youcanincreaseyouractivityandbankbalance.???Justrun.Goingforajogcostsnothinganditisoneoftheeasiestwaystobuildupyourbody.Ifrunningseemslikeatask,whynottryanapptoaddtopleasure?IloveRockMyRun.Itunderstandsyourpersonalpaceandthenmatchesyourmusic'sbeattoit.___17__???Followfitnessinfluencers.Instagramisfulloffitnessinfluencerscompetingforlikesandfollowers.Theyoftenpostfreeshortvideosshowinghowsomeexercisesaredone.___18__Itwillsaveyourfeesforguidancefromapersonaltrainer,whichcostsonaverage￡30to￡65anhour.???Weighttogo.___19__Youcanusethemtoincreaseyourresistancetraining—zerogymrequired.Tinsofbeansortomatoescanbeusedassmallerweights,while2literdrinkbottlesofferheavierresistance.???__20___?Itmaybeslightlycold,buttherearehundredsofnon-profitcommunityoutdoorgymsacrossthecountry.Witheverythingfromcross-trainerstolegpresses,theycaterforvarioustrainingworkouts.F.A.Freeoutdoorgyms.B.Greatvariousworkouts.C.ItisfreetodownloadonAndroidandiOS.D.Generally,gymscostonaverage￡40.53amonth.E.Heavykitchenitemscanbeusedashandweightliftingequipment.F.Itisnecessaryformostpeopletoinvestinsomehand-heldweights.G.Makethemostoftheireffortsbyrepeatingtheseathome,orinthegym.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。???Everyyear,theRubeGoldbergcompetitionconsidersinventionsmadefromeverydayitems.Theyusecomplexsystemstocarryouta??21??task,likeopeninganumbrellaorwateringaplant.Thetaskfor2020wassupposedtobe"turnonalight".?22?,whenapandemic(流行病)happened,itwaschangedto"dropapieceof??23??intosomeone'shand".Mostofthosetakingpartinthecompetitionare?24?.Inpastyears,theybuiltthemachines?25??andonteamsatschool.Butwithschoolsclosingtoslowthespreadofthevirus,organizers??26??therules.Thisyear,competitorswere??27??tosendinvideosofthemachinestocompete.Andtheteamcanincludefamilymembers.Onething?28?:Themachinestillmustcompletethetaskin10to20steps.???Oneoftheimpressive??29??wasfromMaryland.11-year-oldCaitlinandher13-year-oldbrotherBenfirstlydesignedtheirmachine.Aftersixhoursand106?30?—thesoapfinallydroppedrightintoCaitlin'swaitinghands—they??31??it.Inthevideosubmitted,they??32??theprocess.???Healthexpertssaywashinghands??33??isanimportantprotectionagainstdiseases.Kidsmaybe??34??ifthey'rethinkingaboutadeadlyviruseachtimetheywashtheirhands.So,afuncompetitionmayhelpto??35??goodfeelingsaboutatasktheymustdooverandoveragain.21.A.challenging???? B.simple???? C.casual???? D.special22.A.Therefore???? B.Instead???? C.Moreover???? D.However23.A.bread???? B.soap???? C.news???? D.advice24.A.volunteers???? B.families???? C.children???? D.professionals25.A.inperson???? B.inprivate???? C.inadvance???? D.intheory26.A.observed???? B.abandoned???? C.broke???? D.adjusted27.A.recommended???? B.forced???? C.required???? D.preferred28.A.changed???? B.improved???? C.remained???? D.appeared29.A.images???? B.entries???? C.themes???? D.choices30.A.attempts???? B.projects???? C.decisions???? D.models31.A.got???? B.made???? C.took???? D.beat32.A.evaluated???? B.monitored???? C.reviewed???? D.demonstrated33.A.repeatedly???? B.immediately???? C.occasionally???? D.slowly34.A.amused???? B.astonished???? C.afraid???? D.annoyed35.A.remember???? B.understand???? C.expect???? D.create第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。???WhenIbeganmycareer,Istartedworkat7a.m.andfinishedalreadyat3p.m.,whichenabledme36_____(lead)ahealthylifestyle.BasedonthephilosophythatI37_____(bring)upwith,Iwasontherightpath.Butitwasn'tenoughforme.Ifeltlneededanewpassioninlife.???Manythingshadpassedthroughmyheadinan38_____(extreme)shortperiodoftime.Within3months,apart39_____?workingatafull-timejob,Ibegananonlinebusiness.Butthatwasn'tall.IlookedatthetransformationthatIwasgoingthrough,whichinspiredmetogoeven?40_____(far).???Helpingothersinanypossiblewayis?41_____Ihavealwaysenjoyeddoing.IalsousedtojokearoundthatsomedayI42_____(want)towriteabook.It'salwaysnicetohaveadreamlikethatthoughI'mfarfroma43_____(profession)writer.Tomakealongstoryshort,Icombinedmylifetransformation,myinterestinwritingandmy44_____(eager)tohelpotherpeople,andIsharedsomethingsthathadhelpedmetomake?45_____better"me"inablog.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你的新西蘭好友Lucy打算來(lái)中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)，發(fā)郵件向你詢問(wèn)中醫(yī)的有關(guān)情況，請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.簡(jiǎn)要介紹中醫(yī)；3.表達(dá)祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。???ItwasahotJuneday,andSammyArmstrongcouldn'twaittogetinthewater.Theten-year-oldwasonacampingtripatMcKinneyFallsStateParkwithhismom,Kelley,hisdad,Stacey,andhisbrothers,Ben,eight,andWilly,two.a.m.Around11a.m.,Sammy'smotherandlittlebrotherBendroppedtheboatintoOnionCreek,arivertravellingthroughthepark's750acres,andwentinforashorttrip.SammyandWillyaccompaniedtheirdadtoUpperFalls,whichmarksthepointwhereOnionCreekfalls12feetoverarockledge(巖架).Atthetopofthewaterfall,apathwaymadeofwhitestonescrossestheriverbed.Belowisaswimminghole,20feetdeepinsomeplaces.???Withhisfatherwatchingfromtherocksabove,Sammyjumpedin.Hewasagoodswimmer—he'dbeenontheswimteaminhishometownofCypress,Texas.Sammyplayedinthewaterforawhile,eventuallypullinghimselfoutandontoalargewarmrockandwatchingagroupofchildrenwalkthroughtheriverbedabove.TheyweresummercampersfromAustinwhowereheadedbacktothevisitors'parkinglotafteramorninghike.AsthekidspassedStaceyandWilly,atinyfive-year-oldgirlreacheddowntograbawaterbottleandlostherbalance.Inaninstant,shewassweptoverthefalls.???"Agirlwentoverthewaterfall!"Staceyshouted.Sammycaughtaglanceofthegirl'sarmandthetopofherdarkheadastheroilingcurrentspushedherintothelowareabeneaththerockledge,hidingherfromthecrowdabove.Shestruggledinthedeepwater."I'mshockedandafraidatthispoint,"Sammysaysnow.Hisfather,withWillyunderonearm,walkedtowardtheedgeofthewaterfalltotrytolocatethegirl,butSammywastheonewithinstrikingdistance."Youhavetogetheroutofthere!"Staceyyelleddowntohim.注意：???1.?續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；???2.?請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Paragraph1:situation._____________rvousandtookafewsecondstoconsiderthesituation._____________Paragraph2:???Soon,someonecameandpulledbothkidsawayfromthewater.____________

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：1-3CAC解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句"Mosttravelguidesstopattellingyouwhereandhowtovisit,"saidChuDandan,chiefeditorofTheWorldofChinese,atthebook'slaunchevent."Ourbooktellsyouwhyyoushouldvisit."可知，《海島天堂》這本書與大部分旅游指南的不同在于它們只告訴讀者去哪里旅行以及怎樣旅行，而這本書卻告訴讀者為什么要去海南旅行。故選C項(xiàng)。2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的Inevitably,modemelementspermeatethebeautyofancientelegance.Thevillagehasbeenquietlyhalf-occupiedbyagrowingmodemsurfingcommunity可知，小漁村的古雅之美也充滿了現(xiàn)代元素，一半已經(jīng)悄無(wú)聲息地被一個(gè)日益壯大的現(xiàn)代化沖浪團(tuán)體占據(jù)。由此可推知，quaint的含義應(yīng)與后文modem的含義相反，和ancient的含義相近，意為"古老的"，故選A項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文最后一段Formoreinformationaboutthebook,pleaseleavemessagesbelow.可知，想知道關(guān)于這本書更多的信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)谙旅媪粞?。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，本文選自網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。B答案：4-7CDAB解析：4.推理判斷題。由第一段可知，Angel參與寵物療法的相關(guān)工作，再結(jié)合下文的"Atthelibrary,sixtotendogslieonthefloor,andthekidspickabooktoreadtoadog"及其他內(nèi)容可推斷出，Angel是一只治療犬。故選C。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的"Angelalsohelpsoutataspecial-needscamp"可知，Angel也經(jīng)常在營(yíng)地幫助有特殊需要的兒童。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"awomanwhowascompletelyunabletomovetherightsideofherbodyfromastroke(中風(fēng))"可知，這位女士因?yàn)橹酗L(fēng)右半邊身體完全癱瘓了，再結(jié)合后面的"ThenwomanraisedherrighthandandstartedpettingAngel"可知，這位女士的右手居然能動(dòng)了，這讓她的朋友難以置信。7.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，寵物狗Angel對(duì)這位女士有很大的精神激勵(lì)作用，讓她做出了本不可能完成的動(dòng)作，再結(jié)合畫線詞所在句的語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示這位女士在家里養(yǎng)自己的Angel。rear與raise在意思上接近，故選B。C答案：8-11DBDC解析：8.推理判斷題。第一段提到把錢花在省時(shí)的東西上可能會(huì)讓你免受時(shí)間荒對(duì)幸福感的影響，Whillans最近就經(jīng)歷過(guò)這種情況，結(jié)合第二段中Whillans"購(gòu)買時(shí)間"的經(jīng)歷和"Butthatindeedreducesnegativeeffectsoffeelingstressedfortime"可知，Whillans從她最近的經(jīng)歷中懂得了花錢節(jié)省時(shí)間是值得的。9.詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞后面提到"但它也指出了時(shí)間荒和購(gòu)買時(shí)間是如何影響我們所有人的",根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，theaffluent應(yīng)指少數(shù)一類人，再結(jié)合下文中的"whatthey'repicturingisahousekeeper,maids,andagardener,butwhatwe'retalkingaboutisthatjustspending$40makesadifference"可推知，當(dāng)提到花錢來(lái)節(jié)省時(shí)間時(shí)，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這是適合富人的解決辦法,affluent表示"富裕的"。10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Actually,thethingthatsurprisedmemostfromourfindingsishowfewpeopleactuallyspendtheirmoneyinawaythatwewouldclassifyasbeingtime-saving""Sheaddstheyplannedtoconductfollow-upstudiesonthephenomenon"可知，研究人員下一步將關(guān)注人們不愿意購(gòu)買時(shí)間的原因。11.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了buytime"購(gòu)買時(shí)間"幫助降低timefamine"時(shí)間荒"現(xiàn)象的影響，提高整體幸福感，故C項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。D答案：12-15CDBA解析：12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater"可知，煙熄滅后，尼古丁的濃度在五天以后僅下降一半，也就是說(shuō)熄滅的煙蒂好幾天都會(huì)釋放尼古丁。故選C。13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Poppendieck所說(shuō)的"Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter"可知，盡管人們很關(guān)注一手煙、二手煙對(duì)健康的影響，現(xiàn)在也關(guān)注了三手煙對(duì)健康的影響,但當(dāng)談到煙蒂對(duì)健康的影響時(shí)，情況就并非如此了。此處暗示著，人們不像關(guān)注一手煙、二手煙和三手煙對(duì)健康的影響那樣關(guān)注煙蒂對(duì)健康的影響，即它的健康影響被忽視了。故選D。14.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates"可知，溫度高時(shí)，煙蒂釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的速度更快，再根據(jù)"Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸）outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat"可知，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)打消那些人好幾天尤其是在高溫情況下都放著煙灰缸不管的念頭。這說(shuō)明作者并不認(rèn)同這種做法，故選B。15.主旨大意題。這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章第一段概括了主題，即研究發(fā)現(xiàn)用過(guò)的煙蒂會(huì)釋放有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選A。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：16-20DCGEA解析：16.根據(jù)上文可知，大部分人都希望在新的一年多健身，但卻不必在健身房花費(fèi)一大筆錢，故可推知，在健身房健身會(huì)花費(fèi)很多錢，D項(xiàng)(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，健身房平均花費(fèi)是每月40.53英鎊)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明去健身房花費(fèi)較高，符合語(yǔ)境，且D項(xiàng)中的gyms與設(shè)空處前的gyms為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。17.此段首句說(shuō)明可以跑步健身，根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的內(nèi)容可知，作者建議下載一個(gè)軟件增加樂(lè)趣，作者喜歡RockMyRun，故C項(xiàng)(在Android和iOS上它都可以免費(fèi)下載)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。18.根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的內(nèi)容可知，Instagram上有很多健身領(lǐng)域的網(wǎng)絡(luò)紅人，他們經(jīng)常發(fā)布免費(fèi)的視頻，展示他們是如何健身的。故G項(xiàng)(充分利用他們的努力，在家里或健身房重復(fù)做)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。19.根據(jù)本段首句可知，本段建議舉重健身，E項(xiàng)(重型廚房用品可用作手動(dòng)舉重設(shè)備)呼應(yīng)段落主旨，是對(duì)舉重健身的進(jìn)一步解釋，符合語(yǔ)境。20.分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)是段落主旨，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可推斷，本段建議使用戶外健身房。A項(xiàng)(免費(fèi)室外健身房)符合語(yǔ)境。根據(jù)下文中的outdoorgyms與A項(xiàng)中的outdoorgyms為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞也可知，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)答案：21-25BDBCA26-30DCCBA31-35BDACD解析：21.根據(jù)下文的"likeopeninganumbrellaorwateringaplant"可知，此處表示這些發(fā)明用復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)來(lái)完成簡(jiǎn)單的(simple)任務(wù)，比如打開雨傘或者澆灌植物。22.2020年RubeGoldberg比賽的任務(wù)原本是"turnonalight"，但是由于流行病的出現(xiàn)，比賽任務(wù)改變了。前后句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選However"然而，但是"。23.根據(jù)下文的"thesoapfinallydroppedrightintoCaitlin'swaitinghands"可知，2020年比賽的任務(wù)改成了"讓一塊肥皂(soap)落在某人的手上"。24.根據(jù)下文的"atschool""11-year-oldCaitlinandher13-year-oldbrotherBen"可知，參賽者大多是孩子(children)。25.根據(jù)下文的"Butwithschoolsclosing...tosendinvideosofthemachinestocompete"可知，比賽規(guī)則發(fā)生改變，之前必須本人到學(xué)校制作機(jī)器。inperson"親自，本人"；inprivate"私下地"；inadvance"提前"；intheory"理論上，從理論上來(lái)說(shuō)"。26.根據(jù)上文的"toslowthespreadofthevirus"以及下文的"Inthevideosubmitted"可知，組織者調(diào)整了(adjusted)比賽規(guī)則。27.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示今年，參賽者被要求發(fā)送機(jī)器的視頻來(lái)參賽。require"要求，規(guī)定"。28.根據(jù)上文的"Theyusecomplexsystems...wateringaplant"和下文的""Themachinestillmustcompletethetaskin10to20steps"可知，此處表示有一項(xiàng)規(guī)則繼續(xù)存在(即保持不變)。remain"剩余，繼續(xù)存在"。29.根據(jù)下文講到的兄妹倆制作自己的機(jī)器可知，此處表示令人贊嘆的參賽作品，entry在該句中意為"參賽作品"。30.根據(jù)上文的"Aftersixhoursand106"和下文的"thesoapfinallydroppedrightintoCaitlin'swaitinghands"可知，在歷經(jīng)6個(gè)小時(shí)，106次嘗試后，他們成功了，肥皂最終恰好落到了Caitlin的手中。attempt"(為超越某事物的)嘗試，努力"。31.參見(jiàn)上題解析。getit"了解，明白";makeit"獲得成功"；takeit"假定，以為"；beatit"立即走開"。32.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，他們?cè)谔峤坏囊曨l中展示機(jī)器工作的過(guò)程。review"審查，檢討，回顧"；demonstrate"示范，演示，展示"。33.根據(jù)下文的"animportantprotectionagainstdiseases""theymustdooverandoveragain