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19/192017-2021北京重點(diǎn)區(qū)高一(下)期末英語(yǔ)匯編社會(huì)文化類閱讀一.閱讀理解1.(2019北京?北京市東城區(qū)高一(下)期末)Eachyear,hundredsofthousandsofwildanimalsaroundtheworldarekilledintrophyhunting﹣theorganizedshootingofanimalsforpleasure.Thehuntersthenbringpartsoftheanimalhomewiththemastheir"trophy"torememberthehunting.Trophyhunterspaybigmoneytokillanimals.Someofthemoneygoestohelpingwildlifeprotection.Trophyhuntingalsoattractsbusiness,whichencouragespeopletopreservelandandbreed(飼養(yǎng))animalsthatwouldotherwisebeendangered.CathyDean,headoftheSavetheRhinoCharity,saysthatatthestartofthe1900stherewereonly50﹣100southernwhiterhinos.Now,therearearound18,000.Thisispartlybecausesomeofthemwereraisedspeciallyfortrophyhunting.Butthingsdon'tusuallygoononeway.AccordingtoWWF,elephantpopulationshavefallenfrom1.3milliontojustover400,000sincethe1980s.Overthesameperiod,huntersfromaroundtheworldhavetakenhomemorethan100,000Africanelephanttrophies.Trophyhuntingisnotillegal(非法的)butunfairontheanimals.In2015,CecilthelionwasshotbyaUStrophyhunter.CecilwasabelovedlioninZimbabwe,Africa.Cecilwasluredwithbait(誘餌),shotwithanarrowandstruggledinbloodformorethantenhoursbeforehishunterstrackedandfinishedkillinghim.Hisson,Xanda,metasimilarfatetwoyearslater.Cecil'sdeathcausedworldwideoutrageandprotests(反抗)againsttrophyhunting.CountriesincludingAustralia,F(xiàn)ranceandtheNetherlandsbanned(禁止)theimportofliontrophies﹣theystophuntersfrombeingallowedtobringhomepartsoftheanimaltheykill.Theybelievethatpeoplewillstoptrophyhuntingbecausetheactivitymightloseitsattractionifhunterscan'tbringtheirtrophieshome.TheUKGovernmentsaidthatitwouldconsiderabanontrophy﹣huntingimportsby2017,butnoactionhadbeentaken.InApril2019,aletterbyprotestersagainsttrophyhuntingwassenttotheUKgovernmentaskingtobantrophy﹣huntingimports.On7May,theofficialinchargeoftheenvironment,MichaelGove,saidthattheUKwouldnotbantheimportsforthetimebeing.Thislefttheworldinastateofashock.HopefullytheUKwillplaceabanontrophy﹣huntingimports,whichwouldbeanimportantmessageandinspireotherstotreatanimalsbetter.We'rewaitingforthedaytocome.(1)Atrophyhunterusually.A.killswildanimalsforfoodB.learnsaboutwildlifeinthehuntingC.givesalargeamountofmoneytoprotectwildlifeD.takespartoftheanimalhomeinmemoryofthehunting(2)WhydoesthewritermentionCecil'sstoryinParagraph3?.A.Toprovetrophyhuntingmakessomeanimalspeciesendangered.B.Toshowhowanimalssufferedpainfullyintrophyhunting.C.ToattachimportancetoprotectingwildlionsinAfrica.D.Topersuadetrophyhunterstohuntinalegalway.(3)Whydidsomecountriesbantheimportofliontrophies?.(4)Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardstheUK'sdecisiononthebanoftrophy﹣huntingimports?.2.(2019北京?北京市東城區(qū)高一(下)期末)Someinsects,suchasbutterfliesandladybugs,arequitebeautiful.But,didyouknowthatmanybugsarealsoedibleandarefilledwithprotein?AletheiaPriceknowsthis﹣andalotmore﹣aboutbugs.Shealsothinksyoushouldtryeatingsome.Ifyouvisitthewebsitewww.eatbug.com,youwillfindallkindsofinformationaboutedibleinsects.MostofitwaswrittenbyAletheiaPricewhenshewasfifteenyearsold.Aletheiastartedeatingbugsattheageofthirteen.Beforelong,shefoundthatshereallyenjoyedsomeofthem.Shealsobecameinterestedinfindingoutmoreaboutwhichkindsofbugscouldbeeatenandhowtocookthem.AccordingtoAletheia,thereareatleast1,462kindsofedibleinsects.(Doesn'tthatmakeyouwonderwhotriedallofthemanddecidedtheywereedible?)Someofherfavoritedishesincludemealwormchocolatechipcookies,anttacos(玉米卷),andchocolate﹣coveredcrickets(蟋蟀).Onherwebsiteshehasrecipesforinsectentrees(開胃菜)andsomehelpfultips.Forexample,whenpreparingcrickets,itisbesttoremovetheirlegsbeforecooking,forthelegstendtogetstuckinyourteeth.Shealsooffersinformationforanyonewhowantstoraisebugsforfood.Aletheiarealizesthateatingbugsisnotforeveryone.But,ifyouthinkaboutit,youhavetoadmitthateatingbugsmightbeagoodidea.Therearebillionsandbillionsofbugsinthisworld.Ifwecouldgetusedtoeatingthem,wewouldhaveplentyoffoodforeveryone.(1)WhenAletheiawas13,she.A.wrotearticlesaboutbugsB.a(chǎn)tebugsforthefirsttimeC.taughtpeoplehowtocookbugsD.studiednutritionalvalueofbugs(2)OnAletheia'swebsite,youcanfindinformationon.A.namesofrestaurantstoservebugsB.howtokeepbugsaspetsC.tipsoncookingandeatingbugsD.wheretocatchbugsforfood(3)InAletheia'sopinion,eatingbugscanhelp.A.keepthebalanceofnatureB.solvethefoodsupplyproblemC.makeyourlifemoreinterestingD.maketheoldandtheyoungstronger3.(2017北京?北京市海淀區(qū)高一(下)期末)AirbnbforPetsThemajorityofAmericansseetheirpetsasfamilymembers,surveysshow.Thosewithdogsaremorelikelytocallthemselvespet"parents"thanpet"owners".InbigcitiessuchasSanFranciscoandSeattle,(owned)dogsoutnumberchildren.Overall,annualspendingonpetfoodandproductsinAmericahasrisenbyaround40%overthepasttenyears.Nowanumberofstartupshavesniffedafreshopportunity.MuchasAirbnbhasofferedtravelersanalternative(替換物)tostayinginahotel,twofirms,RoverandDogVacay,wanttogivepetownersanalternativetokennels(養(yǎng)狗場(chǎng))whenawayfromhome.Onesellingpointofthismodelislessexpense.Customerssearchforanearbysitterandpayfortheirdogtostayinthatperson'shome.Thecostisaround$30anight,withthemajorityofthatgoingtothesitterandaroundafifthtothecompany﹣muchlessthanyouwouldspendtocheckyourdogintoakennel.Theotherbigselling﹣pointisthatpetsgenerallyreceivebettertreatment.Thereareways,apparently,tovet(資格審查)doghoststofindtherealpetlovers:onlyaround15%ofthosewhoapplytoserveaspetsittersareapproved.Besides,RoverhaslaunchedafeaturethatenablescustomerstoseehowfartheirdoghasbeenwalkedviatheGPSinthehost'sphone.LikeAirbnb,bothDogVacayandRoverinsurestaysagainstaccidents.Anotheradvantageisthatcustomersoftenusedog﹣sittingservicesmanytimesayear,andtheytendtobeloyal.ThathashelpedDogVacayandRoverattractalotofventure﹣capitalmoney.Butfirmsthatconnectpetswithhostswillfacegreatcompetitionastheytrytogoglobal.AndunlikeAirbnb,whichpullsincustomersthankstoitspresenceinlotsofmarketsthatpeoplewanttotravelto,thenetworkeffectforserviceslikeDogVacayislocal.Despitehavingforeseenthetrendearly,suchfirmsmayneverachievethesamescaleasanAirbnb.Butthennooneeversaiditwaseasytobetopdog.19.RoverandDogVacayarefirmsthat.A.sellpetfoodandproductsB.offerhotelstopetownersC.providepet﹣sittingservicesD.helppetownersstartnewfirms20.OneadvantageoftheRoverandDogVacaymodelisthat.A.petsareloyaltothepetsittersB.a(chǎn)nyonecanbeacceptedasapetsitterC.customerscanwalktheirdogswithphonesD.thefirmscaninsurepets'safetyduringthestays.21.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatRoverandDogVacay.A.a(chǎn)refacingfiercecompetitionwhengoingglobalB.a(chǎn)reassuccessfulasAirbnbinternationallyC.haveconnectedpetswithhostsworldwideD.havebecometopdogwithoutdifficulty.4.(2018北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)ShouldSchoolchildrenHaveJobs?Whenyouwereinschool,thelastthingyouprobablywantedtodowasspendyourweekendsgoingtowork.Therewashomeworktodo,sportstoplayandfuntohave.Butourparentsprobablypersuadedustofindajobtoearnsomemoneyandgetsomelifeexperience.WhenIwasateenagerIhadapaperround.IthenprogressedtoaSaturdayjobinasupermarket.TodayintheUKchildrenareallowedtotakepart﹣timejobsfromtheageof13.It'soneofthosethingsthatisseenalmostasariteofpassage(成人儀式).It'satasteofindependence.Teenagersagreethatitteachesvaluablelessonsaboutworkingwithadultsandalsoaboutmanagingyourmoney.SomeresearchhasshownthatnottakingonaSaturdayorholidayjabcouldbeharmfultoapersonlateron.Accordingtoa2017studyintheUK,employers'organizationsbelievedthatnotparticipatinginpart﹣timeworkatschoolagecausedyoungadultstobeill﹣preparedforfull﹣timeemployment.Butdespitethis,recentnumbershaveshownthatthenumberofschoolchildrenintheUKwithapart﹣timejobhasfallenbyafifthinthepastfiveyears.So,doesthismeanthatBritishteenagersarenowmoreafraidofhardwork?Probablynot.Someexpertsthinkthatyoungpeoplefeelgoingouttoworkwillaffecttheirperformanceatschool,andtheyareundermorepressurenowtostudyhardandgetgoodexamresults﹣andagoodjobinthelongterm.However,GeoffBarton,generalsecretaryoftheAssociationofSchoolandCollegeLeaders,toldBBCNewsthat"Properlycontrolledpart﹣timeworkisagoodwayofhelpingyoungpeoplelearnskillsthattheywillneedintheirworkinglives."Inreality,it'sallaboutgettingtherightbalancebetweendoingpart﹣timeworkandhavingenoughtimetostudyandrest.Manyyoungpeopleactuallywanttoworkbecauseitgivesthemasenseoffreedom.One13﹣year﹣oldgirl,whohasaSaturdayjobinashop,toldtheBBCthat"IenjoymyjobbecauseI'mearningmoneyandithelpsmyconfidencespeakingtopeopleandsocializingwithpeople."Didyoudoapart﹣timejobwhenyouwereatschool?(1)Employersbelieveifyoungadultsdon'tparticipateinpart﹣timeworkatschoolage,.A.theycan'tworkontheirownB.theycan'tmanagetheirmoneywiselyC.theywon'tbewell﹣preparedforthejobD.theywon'tknowhowtoworkwithothers(2)Accordingtosomeexperts,hascausedfewerschoolchildrentodoapar﹣timejobinthepastyears.A.moretimetorestB.havingenoughmoneyC.beingafraidofhardworkD.morepressurefromschool(3)Accordingtothepassage,takingonapart﹣timejobcanhelpyoungpeople.A.haveachancetoseetheworldandmeetmorefriendsB.understandtheirparentsandgrowupmorequicklyC.learnskillsandbeconfidenttotalktopeopleD.getbettergradesandperformwellinschool5.(2021北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)Inthenaturalhabitat,abinge﹣watcherisastrangesub﹣speciesofmodernhumanbeings.Theyarealoneandareoftenfoundlyingontheirbedorsofa,stillasarock,lookingsearchinglyintotheirlaptoporattheTV.Theyrarelygetup,onlytakingoccasionalbreaksforthoseurgentcallsofnature.Unlikesomanyothersoftheirspecies,theydon'tsleepattheendofeveryday.Theystayuplateandareoftenfoundtohaveredeyes.This,ofcourse,isalittlebitexaggerated(夸張),butformanyofus,binge﹣watchingashowishowweconsumeourentertainment.Withstreamingservicesbringingseeminglyendlesscontenttothetipsofourfinger,creatorstailortheirshowstoourneedsandtastes,whiletheirmarketingteamsellsittousasthenextmostbingeableshow.Ican'thelpbutwonderifthiswayofconsumingtelevisiondoesusanygood.We'readvisedtoget7to8hoursofsleepperday,butstayingupallnighttofinishshowslike'BreakingBad'and'TheFall',whichNetflixsaysarebingedthefastest,won'tresultin8hoursofuninterruptedsleep.Netflix'sCEORichardHastingstoldanalystsataconference,"Thinkaboutit…whenyouwatchashowfromNetflixandyougetaddictedtoit,youstayuplateatnight.We'recompetingwithsleep."Anditisn'tonlytheamountofsleepweget;thequalitymatterstoo!AstudypublishedintheJournalforClinicalSleepMedicinereportedthatthosewhobingedtelevisionmoreoftenwerefoundtohavepoorersleepquality.ThementalarousalwegetfromwatchingTVdoesn'tlenditselftopeacefulsleep.Besides,bingingTVcancauseweightgain.ForeveryextrahourofTVwatched,therewasa2%increaseintheprevalenceofobesity(肥胖),accordingtoastudyconductedbyHarvardthatlinkedTVwatchingtoobesityinchildrenandadolescents.Whileitistruethatthere'sgrowingevidencethatbingingisn'tgoodforus,theresultsaren'tallhopeless.Binging,occasionally,mighthavesomebenefits.Formanypeople,bingingisagoodwaytosocialize.Itgivespeoplesomethingtotalkaboutatpartiesandwiththeirfriends.Fansofpopularshowsoftenholdviewingpartieswherepeoplecanbinge﹣watchshowstogetherandthendiscusswhattheyjustexperienced!Thisinteractioncancreateasenseofcommunityformany.Forothers,bingingmightjustberelaxing.Afteralongday,afewhoursofFriends—stilloneofthemostpopularshowsonanystreamingplatform—caneasethestressofalongday.Astudyfollowed240peoplethroughtheirbingingandrecordedtheirstresshormones.Theynotedforsomepeoplethattheirstresshormonelevelsdecreasedduringtheirbingingexperience.Withbinging,thereisnota"good"or"bad"answer.Likemanythings,thekeyismoderation.WatchingTVcanberelaxing,butonlyifitdoesn'tstopyoufromexercising,takingcareofyourhealth,andfulfillingyoursocialresponsibilities.(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tailor"inParagraph2probablymean?.A.Study.B.Sell.C.Adjust.D.Promote.(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?.A.Theamountofsleepmattersmorethanthequality.B.There'snorealharminbinge﹣watchingaTVseries.C.Bingingmayhelpkeepstresshormonelevelsstable.D.Binge﹣watchingmayhelpincreasesocialconnections.(3)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbinge﹣watching?.A.Supportive.B.Unconcerned.C.Objective.D.Doubtful.(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?.A.WhoIstoBlameforBinge﹣Watching?B.IsBinge﹣WatchingGoodorBadforYou?C.IsBinge﹣WatchingGettingoutofControl?D.HowDoesBinge﹣WatchingAffectYourLife?6.(2021北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)PhotographerRebeccaDouglashasalwaysbeenfascinatedbythenightsky.HerloveforstarshastakentheU.K.residenton"starwalking"tripstoIcelandandintotheArctic,whereshestepsoutontodarkenedtrailstocapturetwinklingstarsandglowingplanetsinherimages.Hikingatnightisn'tuncommon.Plentyofpeoplehikeafterdarktogettocampsitesorwatchthesunrisefromamountaintop.Starwalkinggoesastepfurtherbyblendinghikingwithstargazing.Ratherthanheadingtoanobservatoryorsettingupatelescopeinyourbackyard,starwalkingtakesyouonabriefjourneytolookatthestarsfromdifferentviewpoints.Whetheryou'reinthemountainsideorbythelakewithstarsreflectingonthewater,starwalkingisoftenmuchmoredynamicthantraditionalstargazing.What'smore,starwalkingisgoodforyou.Thereareplentyofstudiesthatshowthehealthbenefitsofbeinginnature.Spendingatleasttwohoursaweekoutdoors,particularlywhileengaginginwhatinvolves"effortlessattention",candecreasebloodpressure,heartrate,andstresslevels.Sohowdoesanaspiringstarwalkergetstarted?Itdoesn'ttakemuchmorethanasturdypairofboots.Whiletelescopesandbinocularsobviouslyhavetheiruses,peopleareencouragedtostartwithnaked﹣eyestargazing.Usingonlytheeyesallowsonetogetlostintheinfiniteexpanseofspaceandletsthemindgo.Itisadvisedthatonereaduponthenightskybeforeheadingout.Freemobileapps,suchasStarWalk2,canhelpidentifycelestialbodies(天體)andareeasytouse—simplypointyourphoneattheskytorevealamap.WebsiteslikeSky&TelescopeandNASA'sSpacePlacecoverthebasics,havein﹣depthexplanationsonstars,andofferadviceonequipment.SpacePlacepostsmonthly,soyoucanplanoutingsaroundeventssuchasmeteorshowers.IntheUnitedStates,nationalparksaregreatoptionsforinexperiencednighthikers.Manyofferguidedoutingsthatexplaintheimportanceofprotectingnightskies.ThosewithagoodnumberofwalksundertheirbeltmaywanttotryGlacierNationalParkinMontana.Ifnationalparksandotherdark﹣skydesignatedareasareoutofrange,checklocalastronomyclubsandobservatoriesforguidedsessions.SitesliketheInternationalAstronomicalUnionareusefulforfindingresourcesbyarea.Attheendoftheday,thebestadviceistotakeitslowandenjoythejourney."Withallofthechaos(混亂)that'shappeningaroundus,theoneconstanthasbeenthenightsky,"explainsDouglas,whohasbeenexploringpopularplacesnearby,longafterthecrowdshavegonehomefortheday."Walkingisquiteamindfulwayoflookingupandbeingremindedthat,althougheverythingfeelssodifferent,somethingsarestillthesame."(1)Accordingtothepassage,starwalkingrefersto.A.goingtoanobservatoryB.lookingatstarsinmountainsC.combininghikingandstargazingD.settingupatelescopeinthebackyard(2)Oneofthereasonswhypeoplegoonastarwalkingisthat.A.it'seasiertoidentifycelestialbodiesB.itisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealthC.theycanenjoythejourneywithoutcrowdsD.theycanraiseawarenessofprotectingnightskies(3)Accordingtothepassage,astarwalkingbeginnerisadvisedto.A.prepareapairofstrongbootsB.startbyobservingwithtelescopesC.joinanastronomycluboranobservatoryD.findguidedoutingswiththehelpofmobileapps(4)Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.excitepeople'sinterestinstarwalkingB.recommendsomeplacesforstarwalkingC.explainthehealthbenefitsofstarwalkingD.introducethepreparationsforstarwalking7.(2019北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)PhilosophersfromAristotletotheBeatleshavearguedthatmoneydoesnotbuyhappiness.Butitseemstohelp.Since2005,Gallup,apollster(民意調(diào)查)hasaskedarepresentativesampleofadultsfromcountriesacrosstheworldtoratetheirlifesatisfactiononascalefromzerototen.Theheadlineresultisclear:thericherthecountry,onaverage,thehigherthelevelofself?reportedhappiness.Thesimplecorrelation(相關(guān)性)suggeststhatdoublingGDPperpersonliftslifesatisfactionbyabout0.7points.Yetthepredictionthatasacountrygetsricher,itsmoodwillimprovehasanunclearrecord.In1974RichardEasterlin,aneconomist,discoveredthataveragelifesatisfactioninAmericahadfailedtodevelopbetween1946and1970evenasGDPperpersonhadgrownby65%overthesameperiod.Hewentontofindasimilardisconnectioninotherplaces,too.Althoughincomeiscorrelatedwithhappinesswhenlookingacrosscountries﹣andalthougheconomicdownturnsarereliablesourcesofshort?termsuffering﹣long?termGDPgrowthdoesnotseemtobeenoughtoturntheaveragefrown(皺眉)upside?down.The"Easterlinparadox(悖論)"hasbeenhotlydebatedsince,withsomeeconomistsclaimingtofindalinkbetweengrowthandrisinghappinessbyusingbetterqualitydata.OnMarch20ththelatestGallupdatawerepresentedintheWorldHappinessReport,anannualUN?backedstudy.Thenewdataprovidesomeevidenceforbothsidesofthedebate,butonthewhole,suggestthattheparadoxisaliveandwell.Thereareimportantexamplesofnationalincomeandhappinessrisingandfallingtogether.Themostsignificant﹣intermsofpopulation﹣isChina,whereGDPperpersonhasdoubledoveradecade,whileaveragehappinesshasrisenby0.43points.Amongrichcountries,Germanyenjoyshigherincomesandgreatercheerthantenyearsago.Venezuela,oncethefifth?happiestcountryintheworld,hasbecomemiserableasitseconomyhascollapsed.Lookingacrosscountries,growthiscorrelatedwithrisinghappiness.Yetthatcorrelationisveryweak.Ofthe125countriesforwhichgooddataexist,43haveseenGDPperpersonandhappinessmoveinoppositedirections.LikeChina,Indiaisapopulousdevelopingeconomythatisgrowingquickly.Buthappinessisdownbyabout1.2pointsinthepastdecade.America,thesubjectofEasterlin'sfirststudy,hasagainseenhappinessfallastheeconomyhasgrown.Intotal,theworld'spopulationlooksroughlyequallydividedbetweenplaceswherehappinessandincomeshavemovedinthesamedirectionoverthepasttenyears,andplaceswheretheyhaveseparated.(1)WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?.A.Economicdownturnsdonotcausepeople'sunhappiness.B.EconomicgrowthincreasedaveragelifesatisfactioninAmerica.C.Long?termGDPgrowthdoesnotnecessarilymakepeoplehappy.D.Thecorrelationbetweenpeople'smoodandincomecanbepredicted.(2)Whichofthefollowingcountrieshasbothabettereconomyandhappierpeople?.A.India.B.America.C.Venezuela.D.China.(3)Thepassageismainlydevelopedby.A.givingexplanationsB.presentingresearchdataC.givingdefinitionD.listingexamples(4)Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterprobablyagreewith?.A.Therelationshipbetweeneconomicgrowthandrisinghappinessisuncertain.B.Countrieswithsimilarpopulationtendtohavemorethingsincommon.C.Halfoftheworldenjoysgrowthwheneconomyandmoodarepositive.D.Nationalincomeandhappinesswillalwaysriseandfallregularly.8.(2017北京?北京市東城區(qū)高一(下)期末)AmericanCountryMusicOverthepasttwentyyears,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.SongwritersarenolongerwritingaboutthemodernvaluesoftheUSA﹣money,successorexpensivethingstobuy.Insteadtheyarewritingoncemoreaboutthingsthatarecommonforeveryone:feelingaloneinthemodernworld,thevalueofhavinggoodfriendsandsoon.Inthe1950s,Americanmusicwasaboutotherthings,forexample,love﹣gettingorlosingaboyfriendorgirlfriend.Moneywasalsothoughttobeimportant.Theninthe1960s,songwritersturnedtoothersubjects.Duringtheseyearsmanyyoungstudentswereangrywithsociety,sosongswereoftenfullofanger.Politicalleaderswerenotwellthoughtofandthosesongsoftenmadefunofthem.Todaycountrymusichasreturned.Ithasbecomebigbusinessandbringsinbetween200and400milliondollarsayear.Once,thehomeofAmericancountrymusicwasNashville,Tennessee.Now,however,themusichasreachedallpartsoftheStates,fromLosAngelesinthewesttoNewYorkintheeast.SingersdonotjustcomefromtheStatesbutfromallovertheworld.TherearemanyfamoussingersfromBritain,CanadaandAustralia.Alotofthemappearontelevisiontoo.Thefirstcountrysingerssangwhileplayingtheguitar.Itwaseasyforthemtocarryaguitarontheirtravels.Now,however,alotofelectricalequipmentisneededforlargetheatres.Countrymusictodayremainsmuchthesameasbefore.Onesubjecttowhichcountrymusicoftenreturnsis"thegoodolddays".In"thegoodolddays"peoplethoughtwellofeachother.Peoplelovedlifeintheopenair.Theybelievedthatthebestthingsinlifewerefree:sunshine,laughing,walksinthebeautyofthecountry,friendsandmusic.(1)WhatdoweknowaboutAmericancountrymusic?.A.Countrysingershadagreatinterestinpolitics.B.Countrymusicisoriginallywrittenfortheblack.C.Moremusicalinstrumentsareusedbycountrysingers.D.Televisionsleadtothegrowingpopularityofcountrymusic.(2)WhichofthefollowingdoesmodernAmericancountrymusicfocuson?.A.Friendship.B.Love.C.Power.D.Money.(3)Countrysingersreturntothesubjectof"thegoodolddays"to.A.recordtheirpastachievementsB.remindpeopleofAmericanhistoryC.expresstheirappreciationofasimplelifeD.callonpeopletostayawayfromsocialproblems9.(2017北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)WhyDoesWalkingthroughDoorwaysMakeUsForget?We'vealldoneit.Runupstairstogetyourkeys,butforgetthatitisthemyou'relookingforonceyougettothebedroom.Openthefridgedoorandreachforthemiddleshelfonlytorealizethatwecan'trememberwhyweopenedthefridgeinthefirstplace.Wecanunderstandthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessmaybemorethanjustanannoyance.Althoughtheseerrorscanbeembarrassing,theyarealsocommon.It'sknownasthe"DoorwayEffect",anditshowssomeimportantfeaturesofhowourmindsareorganized.Understandingthismighthelpusacceptthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulnessasmorethanjustanannoyance.TheDoorwayEffectoccurswhenourattentionmovesbetweenlevels,anditreflectsthetrustinourmemories﹣﹣﹣evenmemoriesforwhatwewereabouttodo﹣﹣﹣ontheenvironmentwe'rein.Imaginethatwe'regoingupstairstogetourkeysandforgetthatitisthekeyswecameforassoonasweenterthebedroom.Psychologically,whathashappenedisthattheplan("Keys!")hasbeenforgotteneveninthemiddleofcarryingoutanecessarypartofthestrategy("Gotobedroom!").Probablytheplanitselfispartofalargerplan("Getreadytoleavethehouse!"),whichispartofplansonawiderandwiderfield("Gotowork!","Keepmyjob!","Beaproductiveandresponsiblecitizen",orwhatever).Eachfieldrequiresattentionatsomepoint.Somewhereincontrollingthecomplexlevelstheneedforkeyssuddenlycomesintomind.Ourmemories,evenforourgoals,areplantedinwebsofconnections.Thatcanbethephysicalenvironmentinwhichweformthem,whichiswhyrevisitingourchildhoodhomecanbringbackafloodofpreviouslyforgottenmemories,oritcanbethementalenvironment﹣﹣﹣thesetofthingswewerejustthinkingaboutwhenthatthingsuddenlycomesintomind.TheDoorwayEffectoccursbecausewechangeboththephysicalandmentalenvironments,movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutdifferentthings.Thathurriedlythought﹣upgoal,whichwasprobablyonlyoneplateamongthemanywe'retryingtospin(旋轉(zhuǎn)),getsforgottenwhenthecontextchanges.33.Themainpurposeofthefirstparagraphis.A.topresentdailyfactsB.tointroducethetopicC.toremindusofourweakmemoryD.tocallattentiontothedangerofforgetfulness34.Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthosetemporarymomentsofforgetfulness?.A.Theycanbeunderstoodandaccepted.B.Theyareimportantfeaturesofourminds.C.Theyshowthatourmindsareoutoforder.D.Theyareembarrassingandshouldbeavoided.35.Whichofthefollowingmemorieswasformedinthephysicalenvironment?.A.Atoyhelpsyourememberachildhoodfriend.B.Whenyousingasong,youthinkofaformerclassmate.C.Youareplayingbasketballwhenyourememberyourhomework.D.Whilevisitingyourprimaryschool,yourecallaforgottenmemory.36.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?.A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D.Byfollowingtheorderofspace.10.(2018北京?北京市西城區(qū)高一(下)期末)Thesedays,itseems,thesportspageshavecometoreadl
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