2023年住院醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)英語試題

住院醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)英語試題姓名:成績第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1-15題，每題１分,共15分）下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分?jǐn)M定1個意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。１Forsoｍeobscureｒｅason,ｔhesimpleｇａmeisbecｏmingverypopular.AunclearBｏbvｉｏusＣmaｊｏｒDminor2Theseaｔurtle＇sｎaturalhabｉｔａt(yī)haｓbeencｏnsiｄerａblyｒeduceｄ.AgrｅatlyＢｓuddｅnlyCgｅｎerallyDslightｌｙ3IgotａnｏｔefromMoｉraｕrｇingmetogetｉｎtouｃh．AinstructｉngBnotifyingCpusｈingDinvｉting４Itisposｓibｌetoapｐroaｃhtｈeprｏｂlｅｍｉnadiｆferｅｎtwaｙ.ＡｒaiｓeBposeCexperiｅnｃｅＤｈaｎdle5Thedecisionｔｏｉnvaｄeprovｏkｅdｓｔoｒmsofproteｓｔ.AigｎorｅdBorｇａnizｅdCcaｕsｅｄＤreceiｖｅｄ6Janeｓaidtｈａt(yī)shｅｃouldn'ttoｌｅrａt(yī)ｅｔhｅlｏngｈｏurs.AｓｐendＢtakeClastDsｔand7At8０,PeckwassｔiｌlｖigoｒousandlｉvinginPａrｉs.AｅnergｅｔicＢhａｐｐｙＣａloneＤｂusｙ８Ｆorestersｔａredathiscar，treｍbｌｉnｇwithrage．ＡsｈakingBturnｉngＣjumpinｇDsｈoｕting9Aｙｏungmanisbeinghailedaheｒｏtonighｔaｆtｅｒresｃuiｎgtｗｏｃｈildrｅｎ．AreporｔeｄBｐrovｅdＣpraiseｄDcauｇht10Iｗantedtoasｋｈeroutbｕtwａｓsｃaｒedthａt(yī)sｈemightrefuse．AanxｉoｕsBｓuｒeＣsaｄＤａｆraid１1Atｔhatｔiｍe，wｅｄｉdnｏtｆulｌygraspthesｉgnifiｃanｃeofｗhａt(yī)haｄhａppened.AgiveＢaｔtachCloseＤunｄerstand12Ａｎdｅrsonleftthetable，remarkinｇthａｔhｅｈａｄsｏmeworkｔodo．A

doubtｉngBsａyingCtｈiｎkiｎgDkｎowing13Hｅaｓsertedthatnucleaｒpｏwerｗaｓasaｆeandｎoｎ－poｌlｕtingｅnｅrgysoｕrce.ＡmaintaineｄＢrecomｍｅｎdｅｄCｃonsiderｅｄDａｃknowlｅdged14Thesｔudyaｌsonoteｓaｓtｅadydecｌineｉnｔhenumｂerofcｏllegｅｓtuｄentstakｉngｓciencecｏuｒses.ArｅｌaｔiveBgenｅralＣcoｎtinｕｏuｓDｓharｐ15Shealwayｓfindsfaｕltwithevｅrytｈｉnｇ.AcrｉticiｚesBsimpｌｉｆiｅｓCｅｖaluａt(yī)ｅsDｅxaｍiｎes第2部分:閱讀判斷（第16～22題,每題1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了７個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：假如該句提供的是對的信息,請選擇A;假如該句提供的是錯誤信息,請選擇B；假如該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。RｅlieviｎgthePａｉn"Exeｒcisｅmaｙbｅtheｂｅsttｒeatmｅntｏfchronicpａin，"ｓayｄoctoｒsaｔanewclinicforｄｅalｉngwithpaiｎ．"Peｏplewiｔhｃhrｏｎicpａｉｎneeｄtｏstopｌyingaｒoｕnd，goｏutmoｒe,andstarteｘｅrcisiｎｇ.＂Theinstinctiｖerｅａctiontｏacｕｔｅpａｉnｉsｔｏsｔｏpmovingaｎdtotrytoｐrotectthesourｃeoｆpａｉｎ．Butitｓeemsｔhａt(yī)ｔhｉsｉsofteｎｎotｐrodｕｃtiｖe,ｅｓｐeciallyｉnｔhｅcａsｅｏfbackpａｉn．Bａckｐaｉn,aｆterheadaｃhesａｎｄｔiredｎesｓ,ｈasbecomethｅtｈiｒdmｏsｔｃｏｍmonreaｓｏnｆorpeoｐlｅtoｖisｉtｔheirdｏctors.Pａiｎfulbacksnowacｃoｕｎtｆorｍillioｎsofdａysoffwｏｒk.Luｍbeｒ(腰部的)painsａrepaｒｔlythepricehumａnspayfｏrｔａkｉngtheｉrfoｒelimbsofftｈegrｏund,buttｈeyaｒemadeworｓebｙaseｄentarｙ（久坐不動的）lifeｓtｙle.Lackofexerciseｓlowlydecrｅａｓeｓtheflexibiｌityａｎｄｓｔreｎgthofmuscles,soｔhatitiｓmｏrediffiｃulttoｔａkepressuｒeoｆftｈesiｔeｏｆpａin．Exerciseisessenｔial.Iｔrｅleａsesenｄorphｉns(內(nèi)啡肽),thｅbody's"ｆeeｌ－ｇood"cｈｅmicaｌｓ,whicharenaｔuralpainkillｅｒs.Iｎｆact,tｈeｓｅａresoiｍpoｒtａntｔhatresearｃheｒｓａrenowlｏoｋｉngfordruｇsthatcaｎmaintaｉｎａcomｆortablelｅvelofendoｒpｈinｓinｔhebｏｄy.Mostpeoplewhogｏtoaｆａｍilｙdoｃtorcomplａinｉngofpaiｎaｒeprｅsｃribｅdｐａiｎ-ｋillｉngdｒugsｒatｈertｈanexｅrｃise.Sincｅfｉndingｔhecａuｓeofbacｋacｈeisnｏtsoeasy,ｄoｃｔoｒsfrequentlydｏnotknowtｈeprecisecauseｏfthedｉscomfｏrｔ,andasthepaiｎｃｏntinues，sufferersｅnｄｕptakingstrｏngerdｏｓeｓorseｒiesofdifｆerｅntdｒugｓ."It'scｒazｙ,"saｙsDｒ.Bｒassｅur,aｔherapiｓtatthｅＩｎｔernatｉonalＡｓｓoｃiａt(yī)ionfｏrｔheSｔｕdyｏｆPain．"Someｏfｔhｅmaretａkinｇdiffeｒeｎtdｒugsprｅｓcrｉbedｂydiｆfｅrentdoctors.Ｉ'vejustsｅenapatｉｅntwhowａstakinｇtwodruｇswｈichｔｕrnedoｕttｏbｅthｅsameｔhｉｎgunderdifｆerentnamｅｓ.＂Aｇeneraｔionofｎeｗpａｉnｃlinicsnｏｗoｐeratesontheｂaｓistｈaｔdrugsａrebestａvoided．Onｃepａｔiｅｎtshaveunderｇoｎetheｉnitiaｌphysｉcalａndpｓycｈｏlogicaｌｃheｃkuｐ,theirmedicaｔioniｓcｕtdｏwnasmuｃｈasｐossible.Takiｎｇｐatiｅntｓofｆdｒuｇsalsｏpｒｅparesthemforphysｉcａｌactiｖｉty．Ｉnsｏｍepａin-ｒｅliｅｆclinｉcs,patieｎｔsbeｇiｎｔhｅdaｙwｉｔhmuscｌecoｎtｒaｃｔionａndrelａxａt(yī)iｏnｅxercise，ｆｏllowedbｙanhｏｕronexercisｅbiｋｅs.Laterintheday,theypracticet'aichi(太極)ｓeｌｆ-ｄｅfense,aｎdｄeepthoｕｇht．Thiscｏmpareｓwithaｎavｅrａgeoftwｏ-and-ahaｌｆhoursphysｉotｈｅrａpy(理療）aweekinatｒａdｉｔｉoｎaｌhｏsｐiｔalｐｒograｍ."Tｈｅｉdｅaiｓｔostrengｔhenandtoincｒeaselong-lａstiｎgｅｎｅrｇy,flexibilitｙ,ａndconfidｅncｅ，＂ｅxplaiｎsBiｌｌＷiles,acｏnsultanｔｐainｄocｔorinLiｖerｐool．"Patieｎtsundergoingtｈｉｓthｅrapygeｔbacktoｗoｒkandrｅsｕmｅhealthyaｃtiveｌｉfestyleｓmuchsoonｅrthａt(yī)thoseｓubjｅｃtｅdｔｏmoreconservatiｖetreatmｅnｔ.＂16Totrｅatpain,pａt(yī)iｅnｔｓshoｕldｓtｏpmｏviｎgaround.ＡRiｇhtＢWroｎｇCＮotｍentiｏｎed17Hｅadaｃheｓaｒeｐartｌyｃａusedbｙlackｏfexｅｒcise.ARｉｇhtBWｒoｎｇCNotｍｅntioned１8Ｅxｅrｃｉｓeheｌｐｓtotａkethepressurｅoffｔheｓitｅｏfpａin.ARightBWrｏnｇCNoｔmｅｎtiｏneｄ1９Doｃtorsoftenuｓedrugsｓucｈasendorｐhiｎstotｒeａt(yī)ｐatients．AＲiｇhｔBWrongCNoｔmｅｎｔｉｏned20Ｂaｃｋaｃhesuffeｒerｓoftenｅnduptakingmoreｔhａnｏnedrｕｇtokillpａｉn.ARiｇｈtBWroｎgCNotmentｉoned２1Ｅxerciseshelpsｐainsｕｆfererstorecovermoreqｕicklythａnｔraｄitｉonaｌtrｅatmeｎt．ARiｇhtBWｒoｎｇＣＮｏtｍentionｅd２2Newｐaｉncliｎicsasｋpatｉｅntstogiｖｅupdrugｓcompleｔelｙ．AＲiｇhtBWｒｏｎgCNotｍentioned第３部分:概括大意與完畢句子(第23~3０題,每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù):（1)第２３~２6題規(guī)定從所給的6個選項(xiàng)中為第2-5段每段選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第２7~30題規(guī)定從所給的6個選項(xiàng)中為每個句子擬定１個最佳選項(xiàng)。OwlsandLarks（貓頭鷹與云雀)１Inｔhisarticle,wｅlookatthｅiｍportａｎcｅｏfsleｅｐforleａrnｉnｇ.Moｓthealｔｈyadｕｌｔsneeｄeiｇhｔormorehｏurｓofslｅep.Butｗｈyｄoｗｅneｅdsleeｐinｔhｅfiｒstpｌａｃe?Weneedsleepforthｅbraｉnｔｏgeｔaｃｈanceｔoreｂuｉlｄｍｅmorｉｅssｔoreｄdｕriｎgtｈedａyanｄassoｃiatethesewitｈprevｉouslyｌｅarnedtｈｉngs．Iftｈisprｏcessisｉnｔerrupteｄby,say,theｓoundofanａlarｍclock,itｍaynotbｅasｅffｅｃtive.Ｓoｉfyoｕrsleｅpiｓcｕtsｈorｔbyｔheａｌarmｃlocｋ,hｏwdamagingisiｔ?Ｔhｅtrutｈisthatit＇sdifficulttopredict,aｓsomｕchｄepｅndsoｎhowmuｃhｓleｅｐyｏｕrboｄyａctuallyneeｄsｏnｔhａｔpaｒtｉcuｌaroccａsioｎ．2Thｅpoｐulａｒbelｉefｔｈａt(yī)ｐeoplｅaｒenaturallｙeitherlａｒks(ｅarｌyriseｒs)orowｌｓisｆalse.Thereasoｎwhyｐeｏpletendtoｂeｏneortheothｅrhaｓmoretodowiｔhlｉfeｓtyle，age,ａｎdpｅrsonａliｔy.Manypｅoｐｌewhoaｐpeａrtoｂeearlybｉrdsｍayｈａvejustbecoｍesｏｔhrｏughhabit，forｅxampｌｅ,ｐareｎtswithvｅｒyyoｕngcｈildrｅn.Ｔeenagｅrｓｃaｎhavｅdifficulｔyfａlliｎgａsｌｅepuｎｔiｌlateatniｇhtａndtheｎｔｈeyｎatuｒallyｈａveｐroblｅｍｓgettiｎguptheｆollowiｎｇmｏrｎing.3Themａinreasｏnwhyoｗlsareｏwlsiｓtｈatthｅyteｎdtospｅndtｈeｉrtimeovｅｒaｂook，movie，orcomputergａmeｔillｔｈｅeａrlyhoursofthｅmorning．Thｅyenjoythequietｏftheｎiｇhtwheｎｔhｅycaｎpｕrsuｅtheiｒpassion.Ｏnthｅothｅrhａnd,larkscanmaｋebeｔterｕsｅofeaｒｌyｍornｉnｇhourswｈeretｈeycanｓtudｙinｑuietattｈetｉmｅwheｎtheｉrbrainsaremostreｆｒeshｅd.Soｗhicｈisbettｅｒｆｏrlearniｎg-anowl'soｒalaｒk'sｌifｅstyle？Thｅsimｐlｅtｒuthisthatiｔｉｓmoreｃｏmpleｘtｈanｓimplyｂｅingoｎeoｒtｈeotｈer.Lｅaｄiｎｇawelｌ-balaｎcedlifeiｎtermsoｆworｋaｎｄplａyaｎdsleｅｐingenouｇhtoｂrｉngmaxｉmuｍrefreshmentｉsprobａbｌｙthesecrｅt．4Aｓｆorｎaｐs,ｅｘpeｒtsoniｎsomｎiａ(失眠)argueagａinstｔakiｎｇnaps,aｓthesemaykeepｐeｏpleupatｎｉｇｈt.Iｆyｏuｒｎaｐｌastｓonlyfivemｉnｕｔeｓｔohaｌfanhouranｄdoesnｏtａfｆｅcｔyoｕrabilｉｔｙtｏfａllａｓleepiｎthｅnｉght,ｉtwilｌpｒｏbablyhelpyoｕbemoreａlertineveninghours．Hoｗeｖｅｒ,ifyoｕａrｅhａvｉｎｇpｒｏblｅmsgettingtosleｅpatniｇht,it'snotonｌynaｐsthａｔｙoｕsｈoｕｌｄavoｉd.Ｔrynottｏdrinkalｏtofａlｃohｏl，ｔakenｉｃoｔｉne(尼古丁)，domeｎtalｌyintｅnsｅactivｉtieslikeｐrepａringforｅxamsoｒｄoingexerciseintheeveｎing.Soｍeｐeopleswｅarｔhａｔｄrinｋingｃoffeeneversｔopｓtheｍｆromsｌeepinｇlikealog，wheｒeasotheｒswillｎｅveｒgonｅarthestｕffforfeａrofbeiｎｇａwakeａlｌｎｉｇｈｔ.Ｈoweveｒ,thebeｓtadvicefｏrｍostｉsｔoavoidiｔinｔheevenｉng,anｄｉfyoudｒinkcoffeebeforｅanaｐ,reｍｅmberｙoｕarｅｌikelｙtoａwａｋenassoonａｓthｅcａffｅｉnｅｓtartskickingin.２3Pａragraｐh1＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)2４Ｐaragraph2＿＿_(dá)_____＿２5Paraｇraph3___＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)26Parａgrapｈ4＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____AWhaｔshouldｗeavoid？BHowmucｈｓlｅeｐdowｅneｅd?CWhichisｂｅｔter，bｅingaｎoｗloｒalark?DWhydowｅneeｄsleｅp?ＥＷhatmakｅsｐｅoｐｌeoｗlsorlaｒks?FWhaｔhelｐsusfａllaslｅep?27Ｓｌeｅｐhelpsbraｉnto___＿_(dá)____.2８Paｒeｎtswithvｅｒyｙｏunｇchiｌｄreｎtendtｏ＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_29Agoｏｄlｉfestｙleｍeanｓｏｎeｃan＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_.30Ｉｔisgoodadvicefoｒmｏsｔｐeopletｏ____＿_(dá)_＿＿．AsleeｐenｏughｔobrｉｎgmosｔrefreshmenｔＢkｅｅｐａwayfromｃoｆfeeｉnthｅeveninｇＣstａｙuptilltheearｌyhｏursoftｈeｍornｉngＤgｅtupquitｅearlｙEｓtｏrｅmemoriesinthebraiｎＦｒeｂuildｍemorｉｅｓstorｅddurｉｎgtheday第4部分：閱讀理解(第3ｌ~４5題,每題3分,共4５分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有５道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題擬定1個最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇CellPｈones:ＨaｎgUpｏrKeｅpＴalking?Miｌliｏnｓofpeｏpｌeareusingcellphonesｔｏday.Ｉnｍanｙplａcｅｓitisactuallｙconｓideredunusualnottousｅonｅ.Inmａnycoｕｎtrｉes,cｅｌlphoneｓaｒeveｒｙｐｏpuｌarwｉthyounｇpｅople.Tｈeyｆindｔｈatｔheｐhonesaremorethanaｍｅａnsofcomｍunｉcation-haviｎgａｍobilepｈonesｈowsthaｔtheｙａrecoolaｎｄcoｎnｅｃｔeｄ.Tｈｅeｘplosionｓarouｎdtheｗorldinmobｉlｅpｈoneusemakesｏmｅｈeaｌthprofessionaｌworrｉeｄ.Somedoｃtoｒsａrｅcoｎcernedｔhatｉnthｅfutuｒeｍaｎｙpeoplｅmaysｕfferhｅaｌtｈproｂlｅｍsfromｔheuseofmobiｌephｏnes．InEｎgland,thｅｒeｈasbeｅnaserｉoｕｓdebateaboｕtthiｓissｕe.Mobiｌephｏneｃoｍpaniｅsarｅwｏrrieｄａbｏｕｔtheｎｅgativｅｐubliｃityofsuchideas．Tｈeｙｓaytｈatthereisnｏprooｆthatmobilｅｐｈonesareｂadfｏryouｒhealth.Onｔheothｅrhaｎd，whydoｓｏmemeｄicalｓtudｉｅsshowchａｎｇeｓiｎtｈebrainceｌlsofsomeｐeoｐlewhouseｍoｂｉｌephoｎｅｓ?Ｓignsofcｈanｇeintheｉｓsuesoｆthebｒａｉnandheadcaｎbeｄetectedwitｈmoderｎｓｃanning(掃描)equipmenｔ．Inｏnecase,aｔｒavelinｇsａlesmanhadｔoｒeｔｉｒeatayounｇagebecauseofｓeｒiousmｅmoryloss．Hecｏuｌdn'trememｂｅｒeｖｅnsimpletasks.Hｅwouldoftenfoｒgetthｅnamｅｏfhisownsｏn．Thismanuseｄtoｔalkｏnhiｓmoｂilｅphｏneforaboutｓixhoursaｄaｙ,everｙdａyoｆhisworkingｗeek,ｆoracoupｌeofyearｓ.Hisfａmｉlyｄoｃｔorbｌamedhｉsmoｂilｅphｏnｅｕse，buthiｓｅｍployer'sdｏｃtｏrdｉdn＇tagrｅe.Whatiｓｉｔthatｍａkesmｏbiｌeｐhoｎespoｔentiａlｌyｈａｒmful?Thｅanｓwｅrisraｄiatiｏn．High-techmａcｈｉnescａｎdｅtecｔvｅrｙsmaｌlamｏunｔsｏfradiatｉonfrｏｍmobileｐhonｅs.Ｍobｉｌeｐhonecｏmｐanｉｅsagreｅthaｔthｅreiｓsｏmeradiａt(yī)ｉon,buｔtheysaytｈeamｏｕｎtistoｏsmａlltoｗｏrryａbout.Astｈediｓcussioｎabouｔtheirｓafｅtycｏnｔｉｎuｅs,itappearsthatｉｔ'sbeｓttousemｏbileｐｈｏnｅslessｏｆten.Ｕseyouｒｒegｕｌarphoｎeifyouｗanttoｔａｌｋforalongtime.Uｓeyourmobiｌeｐhonｅonlywｈenyｏureallyneedit.Mobileｐｈonescaｎbeveｒyｕｓefulaｎdｃoｎveniｅnｔ,espeｃialｌyｉneｍeｒｇeｎｃiｅs.Inthefutuｒe，moｂilｅphonesmaｙｈaveａｗarnｉnglaｂｅltｈａt(yī)saystｈｅyarebadfｏryoｕrｈｅaltｈ.Sｏfornow,ｉｔ'swisenｏｔtｏｕｓｅyourmobｉｌｅpｈonetoooftｅn3１PeoplebuｙｃelｌphonesｆorｔhefollowingrｅasonsEＸCＥPＴｔhatAthｅｙ'rｅpopuｌaｒBthey'ｒeusefｕlCｔhey'ｒｅconveｎientDｔhｅｙ'reｃhｅａｐ32Ｔｈｅwｏrld"deteｃteｄ"inｐａragraph3ｃouldbeｂestreplaｃedbyAｃureｄBｒemovedCdiｓcoverｅdＤcauseｄ33ＴhesalｅsmaｎｒｅtirｅdｙoｕnｇbecauseAheｃoｕｌｄn'treｍembersimpleｔａｓｋsＢhｅdisliｋedｕsiｎgmｏbiｌeｐｈonｅsChewastirｅｄｏftalｋingｏnｈｉｓmobiｌephoneDhｉｓemｐloｙeｒ'sｄoｃｔorｐersuadeｄhimｔo3４.Onthesafｅｔyisｓueofmobilｅｐhｏｎes,theｍanuｆａcｔurinｇｃompanｉｅsAｈoldtｈattｈeamounｔofｒａdｉａt(yī)ionｉstoosmalｌtｏwoｒryabｏuｔBdeｎytheexistencｅofmobｉｌｅphoneradiationCdevｅｌopnewtechnolｏgytorｅduｃemｏbｉlephｏneradiatｉｏnＤtrytoｐroveｔｈａt(yī)mｏｂilｅphｏneｓarenotharmfultohealth3５Thewritｅｒ＇spuｒpｏseｏfwritiｎgtｈｉsaｒｔｉcleistoadvisepeopleＡtoｂuymｏbilｅｐhｏｎｅｓBtｏusemｏbilｅｐhonesleｓsoftenCtoupdateregｕlarphｏｎesDtoｓｔopusiｎgmobilephonｅｓ第二篇ImmuneＦunctioｎsTheiｍmunesysｔｅmiｓequalｉncｏｍｐlｅxitｙtothecombinedｉnｔｒicａciesofｔhebrainａnｄnervoussystem.Ｔｈesucｃeｓｓoftheｉmmuｎeｓｙstemiｎdefeｎdｉngtｈebodyｒeliｅsonadｙnamicregulatｏrｙcoｍmｕnicaｔiｏnnetworｋconsultinｇofmｉlliｏnｓaｎdｍilliｏnｓoｆcells.Ｏrｇａniｚedintoseｔsaｎdsubsets,ｔｈesecelｌsｐaｓsiｎformatｉonbackａｎdｆorｔhlikeclouｄsofbeesｆlyｉｎｇarｏundahive（蜂巢)．Ｔherｅｓuｌｔｉsａｓensitivｅsyｓtemｏfchecｋｓａｎdbalanｃesthａt(yī)proｄｕｃeｓaniｍｍuneｒesｐonsetｈatｉsprompt,apprｏpriate，ｅffectiｖe,aｎdsｅlf-oｍitting.Aｔthｅheartｏｆtheｉｍmunesyｓtemistｈｅaｂiｌitytodistinｇuishｂetｗeensｅｌｆａｎdnonself.Wｈenimmunedｅfenｄeｒsencouｎｔeｒcelｌsororgａnisｍｓcａrryingforeｉgnofnoｎselfmoｌecuｌes,ｔheｉmｍｕnetｒoopsmovｅｑuiｃklyｔoelｉmiｎａt(yī)ｅtheｉｎｔrudｅrｓ（入侵者).Virtuaｌｌyｅverybodyｃellcarriｅsdisｔiｎｃtivemoleculeｓtｈatidentiｆyitａｓsｅlｆ.Thebｏdy'ｓimｍｕnｅdeｆeｎseｓdonotnormalｌyattacktisｓuesthａｔcaｒｒyasｅlｆ-marker．Ｒather,iｍｍunecelｌｓaｎｄｏｔherbodycelｌscoexiｓｔpeaceablｙｉnastateｋnowｎassｅlf-toｌerａnｃe.Ｗhｅｎanorｍallyfｕncｔｉonｉngiｍmunesystｅmattａckｓanoｎselfmｏleculｅ，theｓysｔemｈastheabilｉtｙto"rｅmembｅr"theｓｐecificsoftheｆoreｉgnｂody.Ｕpｏｎｓuｂsequentｅncounteｒｓwiｔhthesamesｐeｃiesｏｆｍoｌｅcuｌes,theimｍunesysｔemreactsaｃｃorｄingly.Wｉｔhtheｐossibleｅxceｐtionofanｔibodｉes(抗體)passeddｕringlａctatｉｏn(授乳期)，thisｓocallｅｄiｍmuｎesysｔｅｍmeｍoryｉsnotｉnhｅｒited.Ｄｅspｉｔeｔheoccuｒｒenｃeｏｆavirusinyourfamily,yourimｍunesｙsｔｅｍmust"leaｒn＂fromexpｅrｉｅncewiththeｍanymiｌｌionsｏｆdistincｔｉｖｅnonselfmolｅculeｓinｔheseaofmicrobes(微生物）inwhicｈwｅｌive,ｌeaｒｎiｎｇneｃesｓｉtatｅｓｐroｄucingtｈｅａppｒopriaｔemoｌｅｃｕlesandｃelｌstoｍａｔchupwiｔhanｄcouｎteｒacteａｃhnonsｅlfinvader.Aｎysｕｂsｔａnceｃａpablｅofstimｕlatingａnimｍｕneｒｅsｐｏnseiscalledanantｉgen(抗原）.Antigensareｎｏｔtobeｃonfusedwithａlｌｅｒgenｓ（過敏原),whｉcharemostｏftｅｎharmlesｓsｕbｓtanceｓthatprovokeｔhｅｉｍmｕneｓｙstｅｍｔoｓetofftheｉｎapproprｉａt(yī)eandhaｒmｆulｒesponsekｎowｎasaｌlergy.Ａｎａntigencaｎbeａviruｓ,ａbacｔｅrium,oreｖenapoｒtionoｒproductofｏnｅoftｈeseorgａniｓmｓ．Tissuesorceｌlsｆromaｎotherindividuaｌ(eｘｃｅｐtaniｄeｎticaｌｗin,whｏseｃelｌscarｒyｉdeｎticalsｅlfmakeｒsａctasaｎtigeｎs；becauｓetheiｍｍuneｓyｓｔeｍｒecoｇｎｉzesｔrａnspｌaｎteｄｔisｓｕesasｆoreign,ｉｔreｊectstｈem.Thｅｂoｄywillevenrejecｔｎｏuriｓhｉnｇproteｉnsunlｅｓsthｅｙareｆirsｔbrokendｏｗｎbythｅdigeｓtｉｖesyｓtｅｍintotheiｒprimary,nonantigenicｂuiｌｄｉｎgbｌocks.Anantigenａnnoｕｎｃesitｓforeigｎｎessbymeanｓofiｎtｒicaｔeanｄcｈarａctｅristiｃshapesｃａｌｌｅdepitoｐeｓ(抗原表位）,ｗhichprｏtrude（突出)fromitssuｒfaｃｅ.Ｍostantiｇeｎｓ,eｖｅｎｔhｅsimpｌeｓtmicｒobes,carｒyseｖｅｒaldiｆfｅrentkindsoｆepitomesｏnthｅｉｒsurfaｃe,somｅmaｙｅvｅnｃarrysevｅralｈuｎdred．Ｓｏmeepiｔoｍｅswillbemoreefｆｅctｉvetｈaｎothｅrｓａt(yī)stimulatinｇanimmuｎeｒespｏnse.Onlｙinaｂnormalsituatioｎｓdoesｔｈeiｍmuｎesystemwrｏngｌｙｉdentifysｅlfａsnｏnseｌfandexｅcuteamｉsdireｃtedｉｍmuｎｅａt(yī)tacｋ．36Whatisuｓeｄtodｅｓcribｅthecomｍｕnicatｉonnetworkcoｎsiｓtinｇofcｅllｓintheimmunesｙsteｍ?ATheｉmmunｅsysteｍ'smemory.BＢeesｆlyiｎgａroundahiｖe.CIｍmunetrｏopseｌiminatingiｎtｒｕders.DAseaofmｉcｒｏbｅｓ.37TheｉmｍuneｃelｌsａndｏthｅrcｅllsｉｎtheboｄycoｅｘｉstpeaｃeaｂlｙｉｎａｓtatｅｋｎownasＡbaｌａｎce.Bharmony.Ctoleｒance.Dself－ｔolerancｅ.38Hoｗdｏｔheimmuｎｅceｌlｓrecognizeanaｎtｉgenas＂ｆoｒeigｎ"ｏｒ＂ｎoｎｓｅlf"?AＴhｒoughcｈaracteｒiｓｔicshapesontheａｎtigenｓurfacｅ.ＢThrougｈanａlｌergicresponse.ＣThrougｈｂloodtｙｐｅ.DTｈrｏｕghｆiｎehaiｒsｐrｏtrudingｆｒomｔheanｔigｅnsurfaｃｅ.３9Whichoftheｆolｌowingｓtatementsｉｓtｒue?AAlleｒｇenｓａｒeusuallｙharmfulsuｂstances.BAntigenscantrigｇeranimmunｅｒesｐonse.CＰeopleｗitｈantｉｇensdonｏｔsufferfｒomoｂviousrｅｓpｏｎses.DThｅreｉsｎoｄifｆerencebetｗｅeｎanａntｉgenａndanallｅrgｅn.４０Whichofthefoｌlｏｗingbｅstexpreｓsesthemaｉｎideaoｆthispａｓsage?AThebasiｃfuncｔiｏnofthｅｉmmｕnesysteｍｉｓtｏｄｉstｉnguｉsｈbetweenselfandｎonsｅlf.ＢAnａntigeｎiｓanysｕbstancethａt(yī)ｔrｉggｅｒsaｎimmuneresponsｅ.COneoｆtheiｍmunｅsystem'sprimaryfunctionsiｓtheallergiｃrｅsponｓe.DThehumanbodyisａnappｒopriatｅhabｉｔaｔformicroｂeｓ.第三篇BeAlerttoAntimiｃrobｉal（抗微生物的)ResiｓｔaｎcｅTheabｉliｔyoｆmicrｏ-orｇanｉsmstofinｄwａystoｅｖadeｔheaｃtionofthｅdｒugsusedｔocuretheinｆeｃｔiｏnｓtheｙcauｓeｉsincrｅasinｇlyrecogｎizｅdasaｇlobａlｐuｂlicｈealtｈissue.Somｅbacteｒiａhaｖｅdｅvｅlopｅdmechanismsｗhichmakethemｒｅsisｔanｔtomａnｙｏftheantｉbiotiｃｓ(抗生素)nｏrｍaｌlｙusedfｏrtheｉrtrｅatｍenｔ(multi-drugresistantｂaｃtｅrｉa),ｓｏpｏsepaｒticulaｒdiｆｆｉcultｉes,ａstheｒemaｙbefeworｎｏalternａt(yī)iｖeoｐtionｓｆｏｒtherａpｙ.Theycｏnstituｔeagｒｏwｉｎgａndgloｂalpubｌiｃhealtｈｐrobleｍ.WHOsuggｅststhatcouｎtriesshouｌdbeprepａrｅdｔoimplemeｎtｈoｓpitaliｎｆｅctｉoｎconｔrｏlmeaｓｕｒesｔoliｍittｈespreadofmｕlti-druｇresiｓtａntstrainｓ(菌株)andtoreinfｏｒｃenａt(yī)ｉonalpｏliｃｙonprｕdｅntｕseofantibiｏtics,redｕcｉnｇtheｇenerａｔioｎofａntibiotiｃresｉstantbacｔeriａ．Ａnarｔiclｅｐuｂｌishedin７"heLanceｔInfectiousDｉｓｅａseson11Aｕｇｕst２023ｉdenｔｉfieｄaｎewgｅnｅthatenableｓｓｏｍeｔypｅsofbactｅｒiａt(yī)obehigｈlyresｉstaｎttoaｌmost/ａllantiｂiotｉｃs.TｈｅarticlehasdrａwnatｔentｉontothｅiｓsueofAＭＲ3(antiｍicrobiaｌｒesistancｅ),anｄ,inpａｒtｉｃular,hasraisedaｗａｒｅｎesｓofinfectioｎscausedbｙmｕｌti-ｄrugrｅsiｓtａｎtbaｃtｅria．Wｈｉlｅｍulti-drugreｓiｓｔantbaｃteriaarｅnotｎｅwaｎdwilｌcontｉnｕｅｔoａppear,thisdeveloｐmｅntｒequｉｒesｍonitｏrinｇanｄfurtherstuｄytoundersｔaｎdtheeｘｔeｎtaｎdｍodesoｆtranｓmission,andtｏdefiｎetｈemｏstefｆectiｖemeasuｒeｓｆoｒconｔrol．Thoseｃaｌleｄuponｔobealｅrttｏｔｈeｐｒobleｍofaｎtｉｍicrobｉalresiｓtaｎｃeaｎｄtaｋeapproｐｒiaｔeａcｔioｎｉｎｃlｕdeconsｕmers,manaｇersofhospｉtａls，paｔｉents，ａsweｌlaｓnatiｏnalgoveｒnments,thepharmaceｕtｉｃal(制藥的）inｄｕstｒy，aｎdｉnternatｉonalageｎcies.ＷHOstroｎｇlｙreｃｏmｍｅndｓtｈatgｏverｎmｅｎtsfｏcusconｔrolaｎdpreveｎtiｏnefｆｏｒｔｓiｎtheｆollｏwingaｒｅasｌikｅsurveillａnceforantiｍｉｃrｏbｉaｌrｅsｉstanｃe；ratiｏnalantibiotｉcｕｓe,iｎｃlｕdiｎｇedｕcatiｏnofhealthcarewｏrkersandｔhepｕｂliciｎtｈeappropriatｅusｅｏfanｔibioｔics；inｔrodｕcｉｎgorenforcingleｇisｌatioｎrelatｅdtoｓｔopｐinｇtheｓｅlｌiｎｇofaｎtｉｂｉotｉｃswitｈouｔprescripｔion;ａndstrｉcｔadheｒencetｏｉnfectｉｏnpreｖenｔionandcｏｎtrｏlmｅasureｓ，incｌudｉngtheusｅoｆｈand-waｓhｉｎgｍｅａｓures,pａrｔiｃularlyiｎhealthcarefａciliｔieｓ.Ｓuccessfulcontrｏｌoｆmuｌtiｄruｇ-rｅｓistａntmiｃroorgａnｉsmshａｓｂeendoｃumentedinmaｎyｃｏｕnｔｒies,ａndtheexｉstｉngaｎdwｅll-knowniｎfｅctionｐreventioｎandｃoｎtrolｍeasureｓcaｎefｆecｔｉvelyrｅdｕｃe-ｔrａnsmｉｓsionoｆmulti-drugrｅsistanｔｏrgａｎismsiｆsystemａt(yī)ｉcａllｙimpｌemeｎteｄ.WHOｗｉllcｏｎtｉnuetoｓupporｔｃountｒiｅsｔodeｖeｌoｐrelevantｐolｉｃiｅｓ，ａndtocｏｏrdｉnaｔeiｎterｎationaleffｏrtstoｃｏmbａt(yī)antiｍiｃroｂialrｅsistanｃe.AnｔimｉcrobｉalｒesistancｅwｉllｂethethemeofWHO'sＷｏrldHｅalｔhDay２023．４１ＡntｉmｉcroｂialｒeｓidenｃehaｓbecomｅａglｏbａlｐubliｃhealthissuebecaｕseAtheremayｂefｅwoｒｎoｔrｅatmenttｏinfectionscａusedbymuｌtｉ-drugrｅsisｔaｎｔbａcteｒia.Bｎeｗanｔｉbｉｏtiｃsaｒetooｅxpeｎsiｖeｆｏrpｏoｒcountrieｓ.Cｉnfectiｏｎscaｕsedbymulｔi-dｒugreｓistaｎtｂａcｔeriａｈavekilleｄａｌotoｆｐeoplｅ.Ｄsciｅntistsknoｗnothingａbｏutmuｌtｉ-drｕgresistantbacteria.４2Theｗorｄ＂prudenｔ"inparagrａｐｈ1ｉsｃlｏsｅstｉｎｍeaniｎgｔｏＡunwiｓｅ．Bwasteful.Cwiｄｅspreaｄ.Ｄcａreｆul.43ＴhｅarｔｉｃlepubｌisｈｅｄinＴheLａncｅｔInfectiousDiseａsｅsfounｄtｈaｔAsomebaｃteｒiaｈavedevelopedａnewgｅnetoresistａlmｏstallantｉｂiotics.Ｂanewmulti-ｄrugreｓｉstaｎtbａcｔeriumｈasappeａred.Csomeinｆｅctionｓaｒｅcａｕｓeｄｂyanｔibｉoｔicｓ.Dsｏｍeｃouｎtriesａｒesuccessｆulｉncoｎtｒolliｎgmulｔi-drugｒesistantmｉcrooｒｇanisms.44WHOｒecｏｍｍenｄsgovｅrnｍentstｏｆocusｏnｔheｆollowingarｅaｓEＸＣＥPＴＡｋeeｐinｇhospｉtａlsfromstoringmｏreantｉｂioticｓthanthｅyｃanｕse.Beducatiｏnontheuseofantｉｂioｔics．Ccontroｌofantｉbｉoｔicuse.Dinｔroduｃtｉoｎｏfneｗregｕlatiｏnsoｎｔｈeｓalｅｏfaｎtｉbiotｉcs.４５Ｗelearnfｒomthepaｓsagetｈａt(yī)Aanｔiｍｉcrobialresisｔａncewａsｎotnｏtiｃeduｎtil2023.Ｂｆurtherstudｙisneedｅdtodealｗithｔｈetransｍissiｏnofｍｕｌti-drｕｇreｓｉstantbacteriａ.ＣwithoutWHO，ｎocounｔrywｉlｌｂesａfｅriｎthewarａgainsｔantimicrobialresｉstaｎce.DＷHＯwilｌfocｕsiｔsｐreveｎtionａnｄcoｎtroｌeffortsinｐoｏrcｏuｎtries.第5部分:補(bǔ)全短文(第46-5０題,每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白,短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文,請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置,以恢復(fù)文章原貌。Mt.ＤeserｔIｓlaｎdＴｈeｃoasｔofｔheStateofＭａiｎeisoneofthemostｉrregularinｔheworlｄ.Ａstrａigｈtlinerｕnningfromtｈesouthernmoｓｔcoastalcitytｏｔhenｏｒｔhernｍostcoasｔalcitywouldmeasurｅabｏut225mｉｌeｓ.Iｆyouｆoｌloｗedtｈecoastｌinebeｔweenｔhesｅpoints,youwoulｄtravｅlmｏrｅｔhanteｎtｉｍesasfaｒ.Thisｉrreｇuｌａｒｉtyiｓtｈeresｕlｔofｗhａt(yī)ｉscaｌleｄaｄｒownｅdｃoasｔline．_＿_(dá)＿(46）Ａｔthａt(yī)time，thewholearｅａｔhatisnｏｗMainｅwａsｐartｏfaｍountainrａｎgeｔhattoweｒedaｂｏvethesea.Astheglａcｉｅｒ(冰川)descｅnｄeｄ，hｏｗｅveｒ,iｔexpeｎdedｅnoｒmｏｕsforceontｈｏｓeｍountａｉns，aｎdtheysaｎｋinｔothesｅa.Asｔhｅmoｕｎｔainssaｎk,ｏceanwａｔｅrchargeｄｏvertｈelｏwesｔparｔsofｔheremaininｇlanｄ,ｆｏrmingaｓeriｅsoｆtwｉstiｎgiｎletsandｌagoons(咸水湖）.Tｈeｈighｅstpartｓoｆtｈeformermountainraｎge，ｎeａｒesttheshｏｒe,remaiｎｅｄaｓｉslands.___＿（47)Ｍａｒinefossilsfoｕndheｒｅ225feeｔabovesealevｅl,indｉcａｔingthｅlｅvelｏftheｓｈoｒeliｎeｐｒｉｏrtｏｔhegｌacｉer.Ｔhｅ2,500-mile-longroｃkycｏａｓtlineofMａiｎekeeｐｓwatchoverneａrｌytwothousandislandｓ．Manyofthｅseisｌandsareｔinyaｎdｕninhabitｅd,ｂuｔmanｙarehometoｔhriｖingcommunitieｓ.Mt.DｅsertIslandisonｅｏfthelａrgesｔ，ｍosｔbeautiｆｕｌｏｆtheMaiｎｅcoａstislands．Mｅasｕring16mｉlesbｙ12miｌｅs,Mt．Ｄｅserｔwａsessenｔｉaｌlyfｏｒmｅｄastｗｏdiｓｔinｃtislands.____(4８)Forｙｅarｓ,Mt.DｅｓertIｓｌａnd,ｐａrｔicuｌａrｌyitsmajoｒseｔtlemｅnｔ,BarHaｒｂor,afｆorｄedsｕｍmｅｒｈｏmesｆｏrｔhewｅalthｙ.Ｒeｃenｔｌythough，BarHarboｒhaｓｂｅcｏmearapiｄlyｇrowingaｒｔsｃｏmmunｉｔyaswelｌ．ButtｈｅｂｅｓｔpartoftheislanｄｉstｈeｕnspoiledfoｒestlanｄknowｎasAcadiａNatioｎａｌＰａrk.Becauｓetｈeiｓlandsitsｏｎthｅｂouｎdarｙｌiｎｅｂetweenｔhｅteｍperate(溫帶）ａnｄsub-Arcticzones,tｈeislａｎｄsｕｐportstheplａｎtsandanimalｓoｆbothzｏｎesａsweｌlasｂeａcｈ,ｉnｌand,aｎｄalpinｅ(高山的）plants.____(49）TheesｔaｂlｉshmenｔofAcadiaNａt(yī)ionａlPａｒkin１916ｍｅansthatthiｓnatｕraｌreserｖewiｌlbeperpetuａllyavailａｂleｔoaｌlpｅople,noｔjｕｓtｔhewｅalthy.ＶｉsｉｔorstoAcadiamａyｒeｃeiｖeｎａt(yī)ｕｒｅinstructionfromtｈepａrknatuｒalｉｓtsaswｅｌlａsenjｏycamping,ｃyｃling,aｎｄｂoating.Ortｈeymａycｈoｏsetoｓpｅｎdｔimeatthearｃｈeolｏgicalmuseum，leａrnｉnｇabｏuｔtｈｅStoｎｅAgｅiｎhａbｉtaｎtsoｆtheisland．ThebｅstviｅwonMt.DesｅｒtislandisfromthetopofＣadiｌlacMountａiｎ．_＿_(dá)(５0)Fｒｏｍthesuｍmit,yｏucaｎgazebaｃktｏｗａrdtｈeｍainlａｎdoroutoｖｅrtｈｅAｔlａｎｔicOcｅanaｎdconｔeｍpｌaｔetｈｅbeauｔycreａｔｅdbyｒｅtreatinｇｇlaｃier.AItalｓoｌiesinamaｊorbirdmｉgrａt(yī)ionlａneandisａresｔｉngspotfｏrmanｙbiｒds.BMt.DｅsｅrtIslandisonｅofthｅmｏｓtfａｍｏusofaｌloftｈeislanｄsｌeftbehiｎｄbythｅｇlacｉｅr．CThｅwealtｈyｒesidentsofＭt.DeｓeｒtＩslandselfishlykeｐtittoｔhemｓeｌveｓ.DTｈeｔermcｏmｅsfrｏmｔheaｃtivｉtｙｏftheicｅａｇe.EＴｈismounｔainｒises１,５32feet，mａkiｎgitｔｈeｈｉghestｍountaiｎｏnｔｈeAtlａntiｃseashore.FＩtiｓｓpliｔalmosｔinｈａｌfｂｙSｏmｅsＳounｄ,adeepaｎdnarｒｏｗｓtrｅtchoｆwaｔeｒｓevenmilｅsｌong.第６部分：完形填空(第5１～６5題，每題1分，共15分)下面的短文有１5處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白擬定１個最佳選項(xiàng)。Panｄemｉｃ（大面積流行的)H１N1２0２3TheｍostactivearｅasofpaｎdemｉciｎｆluｅnzatransmiｓsionｃuｒｒentlyａｒeincentｒalandeastｅrnEuroｐe.Ｆoｃal(集中的）increａｓesｉｎrａt(yī)ｅsｄurinｇrｅｃeｎｔweｅkswere＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__(51)iｎaｔleaｓｔtwoeaｓｔeｒｎＥｕrｏpｅanｃｏuntｒiｅs.Ａｈighintensiｔｙoｆｒespｉｒａt(yī)ory(呼吸道）ｄiseaｓesactivitywitｈｃｏncｕｒrent(同時存在的）ciｒcｕlａt(yī)iｏnｏfpanｄｅmicinfluｅnｚastiｌl＿_(dá)____(52)inpaｒｔsｏfsouthernandeasternEurｏpｅ,__＿_(dá)__（５３)inGrｅeｃe，Poland,ａndＵkrａine.InWｅｓternEuｒope,influenzatransmiｓsionｒeｍainｓ______(54)aｃｔｉvｅandwｉdesprｅad,butoveralｌdiｓeaｓeaｃｔｉvityｈaspeaked.ＡllinflueｎzavirｕｓesinWesternＥuｒopeweｒeｐandemicH１N12023,__＿_(dá)__（5５)，veｒysmallnumberｓoｆseasonａliｎｆluenｚａvｉruses,ｃｏverｉngｌessthan1%ofａllinｆlueｎｚａｖirusｅsfouｎd，werereporteｄinRussiａ.Ｉｎ＿_(dá)____(5６），limiteｄavailaｂledatａindiｃatｅtｈatactive，hｉｇhｉｎtensｉtyｔrａnsｍissionisｏcｃurriｎginＮｏrthernAｆricａｎcoｕｎｔrｉｅs_＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)（5７)ｔｈｅＭediterraneａｎcoaｓt.ＩnCentｒaｌAsｉa,limiteddａt(yī)a_＿_(dá)__＿(５8)thatiｎｆlｕenｚaｖiruscirｃuｌaｔionreｍａiｎsａctivｅ,ｂuｔｔｒanｓmｉssｉonｍａｙｈaverｅcｅnｔlｙpeaｋedinsomｅｐｌaces．IｎWestAsｉａ,Isｒａｅｌ，Irａn,ａndIrａqalｓoａｐpeartohavｅpasｓedtheｉr＿＿_(dá)__＿(５9）periodoftransｍiｓsionwｉtｈintｈepaｓｔｍonth,thｏugｈbothaｒeasｃｏntinｕetｏhaｖｅsomeactivetransmｉsｓｉonandlevｅlｓｏfｒespｉraｔｏrydiseaseaｃtivitｙhａvｅnotｙeｔ_____＿(60)tｏbａseｌiｎeｌevels．InＥastAsiａ，ｉnfluｅnzaｔransｍissionremａｉｎｓａcｔiｖebutａppearstｏbｅ____＿_(dá)(６1)oｖｅrall.SｌiｇｈtｉnｃreasesinILＩwerｅｒeportｅdinMongｏlｉａafteｒwｅekｓｏfdeclininｇａctivityfｏlｌowiｎgalaｒgepeaｋofａctiｖiｔy＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)(62)oｎｅmonｔhago.InNoｒｔhAmerica,iｎｆlueｎｚatraｎｓｍｉssiｏｎ____＿_(dá)(63)ｗidｅspreadbｕtｈasｄeclinedquｉcklyinａll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inactiveBactiveCfaｉthｆuｌＤunａfｆeｃted５5.AyｅtＢhｏｗeverCstiｌlDuntiｌ56.AfａctBgenｅralCtotaｌDaｄditｉoｎ57.AbesideBatCａloｎgDarounｄ58.AsuggesｔBadvｉseCｐroposeDrｅcｏmmｅnd59．AbriefBｌaｔeClonｇDpeak60.AretuｒnedBledCbｒoｕgｈtDturned６1.ＡdeｃliningBrisinｇＣｂａlancingDjumpinｇ62.AaboveBｆｒｏmCovｅrＤｓince63．AｓｅemsBexpaｎdｓＣbｅcomｅsＤremains６4.ApiｃtureBpｅrfｏｒmancｅCqｕalityDactivitｙ65.AexceptBasＣallDand住院醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)英語考試成績單序號姓名成績1張三1０0答案第１部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)１、A

obscｕre不清楚的、晦澀的,在四個選項(xiàng)中和unｃlｅａr同義，obvious明顯的,恰好是obscｕre的反義詞;ｍaｊor和minｏｒ分別為“重要的”和“次要的”意思。2、A

considerably意為“相稱大地、在很大限度上”,是副詞，修飾動詞，故用gｒeatly替換。又如:HｉｓEｎglishhasbｅenconsiｄerabｌｙimpｒｏｖｅd．他的英語大有起色。sｌiｇｈtly為它的反義詞。３、C動詞urgｅ“敦促、催促”的意思,ｐush通常的意義是“推”,但可以轉(zhuǎn)義而具有和urge相同的意義,又如:Tｈerｅsideｎｔsａrepushingthelocａｌauthorｉtｉeｓtｏtakemeｍeasｕresｔohandleｔｈepｏlｌｕｔiｏｎpｒoblemimｍediately.居民們敦促地方當(dāng)局立即采用措施解決污染問題。4、Ｄapproach做動詞有多種解釋，其中一種和haｎdle意義相近,即“解決、對待”等，如：approaｃhｔheｉssuewithanimpartialatｔｉtｕｄe已不偏不倚的態(tài)度來對待這個問題，appｒoachthｅｓuｂjecｔfroｍaｈiｓtoricａlpｏiｎtｏfviｅｗ從歷史的角度來看這個主題。5、Cprovｏke是“激起、引發(fā)”的意思,如:prｏvoｋeinｄignatｉonofthepublic激起公憤，cａｕse可以表達(dá)同樣的意義,但要普通得多。６、Dｔｏlｅｒate是“忍受”的意思，如：toleｒatetｈeｈeat忍受炎熱，ｔｏｌeraｔeｔheｌonｅliness忍受孤獨(dú),toｌerateｔhehumiliａt(yī)iｏn忍受欺侮。和它同義的詞常用的有bｅａr,endure和stａnd。7、A

vigｏrｏus是“活力充沛”的意思,和eｎｅr