(9.1.1)-9.1元代青花瓷成熟的原因

ReasonsforthematurityofQinghuaporcelaininYuanDynasty元代青花瓷成熟的原因Qinghuaporcelainwasakindofunderglazecoloredporcelain.Itreliedonnaturalcobaltmineralsascoloring,paintingimageryandmotifsontopoftheclaybodywithChinesecalligraphybrush.Thenwiththeapplicationofatransparentglaze,itwasfiredasingletimeunderhightemperatures.青花瓷是一種以天然鈷土礦為呈色劑,在白釉坯胎上用毛筆描繪圖案花紋,罩透明釉后,再入窯一次高溫?zé)傻挠韵虏蚀?。ItwasfirstcreatedinGongCounty,HenanProvinceintheTangDynasty,andcontinuedtobeproducedthroughtheSongDynasty.BytheYuanDynasty,thearthadattainedalevelofmaturity.Itscolorswererefinedandelegant,capturingthegracefulnessoftraditionalChineseinkandwashpaintings.它創(chuàng)燒于唐代河南鞏縣窯,宋代亦有燒制,到元代臻于成熟，色彩清雅,如中國傳統(tǒng)水墨畫般極具風(fēng)韻?！薄癝tartingwiththeYuanandthroughtheMingandQingDynasties,regardlessofImperialkilnsorcommoner'skilns,theQinghuawasamostpopularproduct.TheQinghuawasalsothecoloredporcelainproductwithartisticstylethatwasmostrepresentativeoftheChinese.從元代開始,明洪武青花折校花卉紋蓋罐歷經(jīng)明、清,無論官窯與民窯,一直盛燒不衰,成為最具中國風(fēng)格的彩瓷品種?！薄癙riortothattime,Jingdezhen'sporcelainwaresfromporcelainstoneswerecomparativelysoft,withmaturingtemperaturesat1,200degreesCelsius.ThenewlydiscoveredKaolinwasthenmixedwithporcelainstoneastherawmaterial.在元代以前,景德鎮(zhèn)燒瓷用的是瓷石,瓷質(zhì)較軟,燒成溫度只有1200℃左右,發(fā)現(xiàn)高嶺土以后,就由以前只用瓷石一種原料的一元配方改成了在瓷石的基礎(chǔ)上加進了高嶺土的二元配方。TheQingbai,orblueandwhiteporcelainoftheSongDynastywasonlyaddedartistictreatmenttotheoriginalcoloroftheporcelain.However,withpaintingsandillustrationsastheforemostdecorativemethod,theQinghuarequiredamanualpaintingtechniqueneverbeforeusedinJingdezhen.宋代青白瓷的裝飾技法只是在本色瓷上進行的藝術(shù)加工,作為以繪畫為裝飾手段的青花瓷,需要一種景德鎮(zhèn)傳統(tǒng)上沒有的繪畫技術(shù)。TheYuanDynasty,ruledbytheMongols,spannedacrossEuropeandAsia,whichbuiltthegroundsforabroadandextensivemarketforthecommercialandhandicraftindustries.EspeciallyintheearlypartsoftheYuanDynasty,therewereonceprotectivemeasuresimplementedforexportgoods.蒙元橫跨歐亞兩大洲的統(tǒng)治,為當(dāng)