第16講閱讀理解之推斷題中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)培優(yōu)全攻略（上海專(zhuān)用）

第16講閱讀理解之推斷題【知識(shí)梳理1】1.推斷題的出題方式你對(duì)下面的這些問(wèn)題應(yīng)該不會(huì)感到陌生吧？Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage？Thewriterimpliesthat…Whatcanyouconcludefromthepassage?Whatwillthenextparagraphtalkabout？2.推斷題型及解題思路(1)數(shù)據(jù)事實(shí)推斷：解答此類(lèi)題，關(guān)鍵是要捕捉有關(guān)數(shù)字的信息，然后在透徹理解原文的字面意義和題意的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用自己的數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析、推算，從而得出正確的結(jié)論。【例題精講】例1.Nooneislaughingnow.SinceVolkswagentookcontrolin1991,SkodahasbeentransformedbyGermantechniques(and$2billioncash)intoEurope’sfastest-growingmanufacturer.Turnover(銷(xiāo)售額)hasjumpednine-foldinthepastdecade,and81percentoflastyear’s450,000newSkodaswenttoforeignbuyers.ThisweekthenewSuperbsedan（超級(jí)轎車(chē)）aimedatbig-spendingbusinesstypesgoesondisplayattheFrankfurtMotorShow.Question:HowmanySkodasweresoldtoforeignbuyerslastyear?A.450,000B.364,500C.171,000D.85,500Key:B.例2：SydneyPassFares*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder16years.Childrenunder4yearstravelfree.**Afamilyisdefinedas2adultsandanynumberofchildrenfrom4tounder16yearsofagefromthesamefamily.Question:If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe?

A.$225. B.$300. C.$360. D.$420.Key:C(2)細(xì)節(jié)推斷題細(xì)節(jié)推斷是根據(jù)文章中所闡述的細(xì)節(jié)，運(yùn)用自己掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行分析、推敲，從而得出結(jié)論的一種推斷方法。解答此類(lèi)題，不僅需要我們有一定的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，而且還需要對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)以及有關(guān)的背景知識(shí)有一個(gè)充分的理解。【例題精講】例1：Avisitorvisitsanislandwheretwotribeslive.Onetribealwaystellsthetruthandtheotheralwayslies.Thetruthtellersliveonthewesternsideoftheisland,andthosewholieliveontheeasternside.Thevisitorwantstodeterminewhetherthenativebesidehimisatruthtellerornotbyaskingonlyonequestion.Heasksthenative,“Goandaskthenativeinthedistancewhichsideoftheislandheliveson.”Whenthemessengerreturns,hesays,"Hesaidhelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland."Isthemessengeratruthtellerornot?Howcanthevisitorbesure?Question1.Accordingtothemessenger'sanswer,thevisitorcanconcludethat_______________A.Themessengerlivesonthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehetellsthetruth.B.themessengerlivesontheeasternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybealie.C.it'shardtodeterminewhetherthemessengerisatruthtellerornot.D.themessengerprobablylivesinthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybetrue.Key:AQuestion2.Thenativeinthedistancesayshelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland.Accordingtohisanswer,whichconclusionofthefollowingiswrong?A.Hemayliveontheeasternsideoftheisland.B.Hemayliveonthewesternsideoftheisland.C.Hemaybetellingthetruth.D.Hecan'tbetellingthetruth.Key:D（3）因果推斷題邏輯結(jié)論是指根據(jù)文章中所陳述的事實(shí)、論點(diǎn)、例證等一系列論據(jù)材料進(jìn)行推理，從而得出合乎邏輯的結(jié)論，而不是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)或愛(ài)好去理解文章的內(nèi)涵。解答這類(lèi)題的前提是要首先獲得短文的主題思想或列舉的具體事實(shí)，然后按題意的要求進(jìn)行推斷?！纠}精講】例1：Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,“Areyousingle?”“Why,yes.”Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother."shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?"Question1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress’agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithher?C.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhimQuestion2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch解析:這是兩道推測(cè)原因的題目。女服務(wù)員天天向作者示好，作者產(chǎn)生誤解，以為女孩對(duì)他有意?？紤]到他們年齡相差懸殊，作者認(rèn)為女孩愛(ài)上他有點(diǎn)希奇。故第1題答案是D。女孩問(wèn)作者是否單身，并提到她母親也是單身，并邀請(qǐng)他與她母親見(jiàn)面，可見(jiàn)，女孩天天向他問(wèn)好，目的是想取得他的好感，進(jìn)而搓和他和她母親。第2題答案是C。（4）人物性格、態(tài)度及觀點(diǎn)判定題中考閱讀測(cè)試中有些是考查考生對(duì)作者的主導(dǎo)思想、被描寫(xiě)人物語(yǔ)氣、言談話(huà)語(yǔ)中流露的情緒、性格傾向和作者或文中人物態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等方面的理解題。做這一類(lèi)題時(shí)一定要留意：1）由表及里的正確把握字里行間的意思，切勿用自己的主觀想法或觀點(diǎn)代替作者的思想觀點(diǎn)。2）特殊留意那些描寫(xiě)環(huán)境氣氛的語(yǔ)言，以及表達(dá)感情、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)。要特殊留意作者在文章中的措詞，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞。3）能結(jié)合自己平時(shí)積累的有關(guān)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等背景知識(shí)來(lái)識(shí)別評(píng)價(jià)?！纠}精講】例1：Awell-knownoldmanwasbeinginterviewedandwasaskedifitwascorrectthathehadjustcelebratedhis99thbirthday,“That’sright,”saidtheoldman.“Ninety-nineyearsold,andIhaven’tanenemyintheworld.They’realldead.”“Wellsir,”saidtheinterviewer,“Ihopeverymuchtohavethehonorofinterviewingyouonyourhundredthbirthday.”Theoldmanlooksattheyoungmanclosely,andsaid,“Ican’tseewhyyoushouldn’t.Youlookfitandhealthytome!”Question:Whatkindofmanwouldyousaytheoldmanwas?A.Hewassilly.B.Hewasunpleasant.C.Hewasveryproudandsureofhishealth.D.Hewasveryimpolitetoyoungpeople.解析:記者希望在老人100歲生日時(shí)能再訪老人，希望他能活到100歲。而老人故意歧解記者的話(huà)（我看不出你明年為什么不能采訪我？你似乎還很健康呀?。┍憩F(xiàn)了老人對(duì)自己健康狀態(tài)的自信。答案為C。（5）.猜測(cè)想象推理題有些內(nèi)容文章中沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)明，要求考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇，對(duì)事件可能的結(jié)局或下段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)推理。做這類(lèi)題時(shí)應(yīng)把握作者的寫(xiě)作思路（如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)描寫(xiě)，也可能按因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系來(lái)敘述），從而作出比較科學(xué)的、合情合理的猜測(cè)?！纠}精講】例1：Weareinthecomputerage.Weoftenseecomputersatwork.Theyareespeciallyusefulinautomaticcontrol,dateprocessing(數(shù)據(jù)處理)andsolvingcomplicatedproblems.Andtheyarefindingtheirwayintothehome.Thepartplayedbycomputersisbecomingevenmoreimportantwitheachpassingday.Moreandcleverercomputerswillcontinuetoappear.Theywillrunfaster,havemorefunctionsandworkmoreskillfully.Theywilltakeovermoretasksfromus,helpingtochangethefaceofourworld.Somepeopleeventhinkthatsoonerorlatercomputerswillreplaceus.?However…Question:Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthethirdparagraph?A.Computerswillsoonstopdeveloping.B.Computersareascleverasman.C.Manypeoplelikecomputersverymuch.D.Idon'tthinkcomputerswillreplaceuscompletely.解析:本文采用了對(duì)比關(guān)系來(lái)描寫(xiě)。前面描寫(xiě)了計(jì)算機(jī)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，但作者用however一詞預(yù)示將引出相反的觀點(diǎn)，答案為D。（6）.寫(xiě)作意圖推測(cè)題此題型要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，推測(cè)作者的寫(xiě)作意圖及運(yùn)用某種寫(xiě)作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過(guò)文章所提供的事實(shí)和形象，客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或意見(jiàn)。這種題型要求同學(xué)們不但能理解文章的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)還要具備對(duì)作者闡述問(wèn)題的寫(xiě)作方法進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力?！纠}精講】例：Imaginethatthegenome(基因組)isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapterswiththousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphs,wordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebook,whichmakesitlongerthan5,000volumesthesizeofthisbook,oraslongas800Bibles.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursaday,itwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenome,oneletterpermillimeter,mytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanube.Question:Therealpurposeoftheauthor’scomparisonofthegenometoabookis___________.A.tofocusonthedifferencesbetweenthetwoB.tolayemphasisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoC.tosimplifytheconceptofthehumangenomeD.togiveanexactdescriptionofthehumangenome解析:“基因組”是一個(gè)非常抽象難懂的科學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)。作者在這里把“基因組”比作一本書(shū)，使一般讀者能通俗形象地了解“基因組”的概念。故答案為C。（7）常識(shí)推斷：有些時(shí)候，文章里并沒(méi)有提供任何可據(jù)以推斷的材料，或雖有提供，但卻不足以推出正確的未知事實(shí)。這時(shí)便須根據(jù)平常積累的有關(guān)知識(shí)來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷?！纠}精講】例：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydippingitinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle(脆)--thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasiswished,byannealingit.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterivals,suchasglass.Question:Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle解析：從文中“bydippingitinwater，itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle.”這一信息還不足以推出正確答案。然后根據(jù)物理常識(shí)，在制造各種工具時(shí)，往往采取淬火這一工藝，其目的是使金屬變硬以便制成鋒利的工具。即可推出選項(xiàng)A為正確答案?！局R(shí)梳理2】注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)11.嚴(yán)格按照閱讀材料中所提供的信息進(jìn)行推理，千萬(wàn)不要摻雜自己的主觀想法或經(jīng)驗(yàn);2.如果某選項(xiàng)中的內(nèi)容是閱讀材料的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)，那它就不是推論，也就不是正確答案;3.如果某選項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與經(jīng)驗(yàn)相吻合，文中卻沒(méi)有涉及，那它屬于主觀臆斷的結(jié)論，也不是正確答案;4.如果某個(gè)選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容雖在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正確答案;5.文中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(should,must,may,etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，這有助于我們確定正確答案;6.注意作者在文章中的措辭，比如作者在形容詞前用了too,rather則常帶有否定的口氣;7.某些過(guò)渡詞(例如：however,but,onthecontrary,what’smore，fortunately，Ofcause,)后面所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容往往能反映作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度注意事項(xiàng)2推斷題出題陷阱：文章中沒(méi)有提及，純屬主觀臆斷。是文章中的直接內(nèi)容，不是根據(jù)推理得出的。符合常識(shí)，但是不是文章所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。與文章內(nèi)容相反?；A(chǔ)題【鞏固練習(xí)1】Mostpeoplewhoenjoymoviesdonotreallycarehowtheyaremade.Theyjustwanttoenjoyagoodstory.MovieproduceranddirectorGeorgeLucaswantspeopletoseethebestmademovies.So,hislatestmovieStarWarswasmadewithoutusingfilm.StarWarswasmadeusingdigitalcameras.Adigitalcameradoesnotusetraditionalfilm.Itcapturesimagesonvideotape.Theimagesrecordedonvideotapearetheplacedinacomputer.Question：AccordingtoGeorgeLucas,whatmakesthebestmademoviespossible? A.Agoodstory. B.Film. C.Digitalcameras. D.Videotape.Key:C【鞏固練習(xí)2】AnideathatstartedinSeattle’spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.……TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致）canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergyandpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.66.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.C.TheycamefrommanydifferentbackgroundsD.TheylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernmentKey:C【鞏固練習(xí)3】OnceNapoleonstayedinasmallinn.Thenextmorning,hewenttothanktheinnkeeper.“You,haveservedmewell,innkeeper,”saidNapoleon.“Iwishtorewardyou.Tellmewhatyouwant.”“Sir,wewantnothing,”saidtheinnkeeper.“Butwillyoutellussomething?”“Whatisit?”Napoleonasked.“Wehaveheardastory.”saidtheinnkeeper,“thatonceduringthewar,asmallvillagewastakenbytheRussians.Youhappenedtobeinthevillage.Youhidwhiletheylookedforyou.Willyoutellushowyoufeltwhentheywerelookingforyou?”Napoleonlookedveryangry.Hecalledintwoofhissoldiers.Thenhepointedtothedoor.Thesoldierstooktheinnkeeperandhiswifeoutintotheyard.Attheendoftheyardwasawall.Theinnkeeperandhiswifewereledtothewall.Thesoldierstiedthehandsoftheinnkeeperandhiswife.Napoleonwatched,sayingnothing.“Please,sir.”beggedtheinnkeeper,“Don’tkillus!wemeantnothing!”Thesoldiersmovedback.Theinnkeepersawthemraisingtheirguns.ThenNapoleoncalled:“Ready!Aim!”Thewifescreamed.“Stop!”saidNapoleon.Hewenttotheinnkeeper,“Now,youknowtheanswertothequestionyouaskedmejustnow,don’tyou?”Question1:WhydidtheinnkeeperaskNapoleontotellhimhowNapoleonfeltwhenhewasbeinglookedfor??A.Hewantedtoknowthedifferencebetweenageneralandanordinarypeople.B.HelookeddownuponNapoleon,forhethoughtagreatmanshouldn’tbedefeated.C.Heshowedhissympathy(同情)toNapoleonintimeofdanger.D.Hewasinterestedinother’sfailure,especiallyNapoleon’s.Key:AQuestion2:WhydidNapoleonorderedhismentotiethecouple?A.Becausehewantedtoteachtheinnkeeperagoodlessonforbotheringhim.B.Becausehewantedtokillthecoupletogetridofhisanger.C.Becausehewantedtoshowthathewassoadmiringageneralthatnobodycouldupsethim.D.Becausehewantedtomadetheinnkeeperknowthatagenerallikehimhadthesamefeelingastheordinarypeopleinfaceofdanger.Key:D提高題【鞏固練習(xí)4】Choosethebestanswer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福ˋ）Ihavelovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasMothersatdoingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,Idecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemostwonderfulthingintheworld.Yearslater,duringherfinalillness,Motherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother.Butthedesk,”she’dsaidagain,“isforElizabeth.”Ineversawherangry,neversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme;sheshoweditinaction.Butasayounggirl,Iwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Theyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional.”Butshelived“onthesurface”.AsyearspassedandIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwroteincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgiveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame.Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestand,finally,peace,itseemedthatnothinghappened.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottoMother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot.Nowthepresentofherdesktoldme,asshehadneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaoneletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.1.Thepassageshowsthat_______________.A.MotherwascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughterB.MotherwastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddoneC.MothercaredmuchaboutherdaughterinwordsD.Motherwrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords2.WhatdidMotherdowithherdaughter’sletteraskingforforgiveness?A.ShehadneverreceivedtheletterB.Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.C.Shedidn’tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.D.Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.Keys:1.A2.D（B）Severalyearsago,cellphoneswereveryexpensive.Onlyimportantpeopleandpeoplewithalotofmoneyhadthem.Thesedays,thepriceshavebeengreatlyfalling,andtheycomeinsmallsizesanddifferentcolors.Somoreandmorepeople,evenhighschoolstudents,haveoneinthehands.Itistruethatit’saneasywaytokeepintouchwithfriendsatanytimeandinanyplace.Butinplaceslikeclassrooms,movietheatres,andmuseums,whereeveryoneshouldbequietortalkinalowvoice,wecanalsoheartheringing.Somedrivershaveaccidentsforusingcellphoneswhendriving.Worstofall,somestudentswhocan’tpaytheirphonebillsdosomethingillegaltogetmoney.So,arecellphonesreallyahelp?1.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutcellphones?A.Theyarereallyahelp.B.Theyharmpeople’shealth.C.Hewantsverymuchtoknowiftheydopeoplegood.D.It’sallrighttousethemintheatre.Keys:1.A（C）Theentertainmentprofessionor“showbusiness”attractsmanyyoungpeople.Unfortunately,onlyveryfewcanhopetobecomefamousandsuccessful.Talentisnotenough,becauseshowbusinessisascompetitiveasanyotherbusiness.Withoutagoodmanager,aperformercanneverhopetosucceed.Fashionisimportantinthisbusiness,too.Thebesttailorintheworldwillneverbeasuccessifhemakesold-fashionedclothes.Inexactlythesameway,aperformermustchangehis“act”inordertofollowthetasteofthemoment.Thisistrueforactors,dancersandcomedians,butperhapsmostofallsingers.“Pop”standsfor“popular”andapopsingerhastoworkveryhardtobecomepopular.Hemusteithergivethepublicwhattheyalreadywant,orhemustfindanewwayofsingingthatwillattracttheirattention.Evenwhenhehassucceeded,andhisrecordsaresoldeverywhere,hecannotrelax.Thenhemustworkharderthaneverbecausetherearealwaysyoungersingerstryingtobecomefamousandtostealsomeofthepopularity.Thelifeofasuccessfulpopsingerisnotatalleasy.Hecanonlyrelaxwhenheisalone,becauseeverythinghedoesiswatchedandreportedinthespecialnewspaperwrittenforthe“fans”.Thefansarethemostimportantpeopleintheworldforthesingers.Theybuyhisrecords,theygotohisconcertsandtheymakehimrichandfamous.Buttheycanbeveryannoying,too.Sometimestheirenthusiasmgetsohystericalthattheydoanythingtogeta“souvenir”（紀(jì)念品）.Theystealhandkerchiefs,theytearoffbuttons,andtheyevencutoffpiecesoftheunfortunatesinger'shair.Manysingershavebeenforcedtohide.Apopsingerhastospendalotofmoneyonclothes,becausehemustalwayslooksmartoratanyratedifferent.Hemusthavealuxuriouscar.And—mostimportant—hemustalwayskeepsmilingforthebenefitofhispublic.1.Whymustapopsingerhaveagoodmanager?___________.A.ToprotecthimfromhisfansB.TolookafterhisbusinessinterestsC.Tohelphimtochangehis“act”D.Sothathecanrelax2.Whymustapopsingerworkevenharderwhenhehasbecomefamous?___________A.BecausehewantstoattracttheattentionofthepublicB.BecausehewantstosellmorerecordsC.BecausehewantstobecomepopularD.Becausehewantstostaypopularkeys：1.B2.D一、閱讀單選HermotherdiedwhenSarahwasoneyearold.Fortunately,shehadagoodfather.Herfatherwasarichman.Heownedacoalmineandtheonlyrelativedotedonhersomuch.Heregardedheraseverythingtohim.Normally,itwashardforrichgirlstohavegoodbehaviors.ButitwasnotdifficultforSarah.Attheageofseven,herfathersenthertoaschoolinLondon.There,sheworebeautifulclothes.Shewasnice,beautiful,helpfulandgentlejustlikearealprincess.Soon,everyoneintheschoollovesher.Butthencamebadthings.Herfatherdiedofaseriousdiseasesuddenly.Withoutheronlyrelative,littleSarahfeltverysad.Shehadtomoveintoacold,darkandwethouse.Herfoodwascoldandbad.Whatwasworse,shewasofteninsultedbyothers,includingtheheadmaster.Inspiteofthese,shestillsmiledtoeveryoneandnevergaveupherhopeforlife.Sarahwasconfident,brave,helpfulandkind-heartedjustlikebefore.Later,withthehelpofherfather’sfriends,shefinallybecamesuccessfulandgothappinessagain.IwasshockedafterIreadthebookALittlePrincess,whichwaswrittenbyanAmericanwomanwriternamedFrancesBurnett.Sinceitcameout,thebookhasmovedmillionsofpeople.Ihopemorepeoplewillreadthisbook.WordBankmine煤礦princess公主insulted辱罵Inspiteof盡管根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A．Sarah’sfatherdiedaftershewasborn. B．Sarahwasborninawealthyfamily.C．Sarah’sfatherwasaheadmaster. D．PeoplesaidSarahwasnotlikeaprincess.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dotedon”meaninChinese?A．留戀 B．珍藏 C．贍養(yǎng) D．寵愛(ài)3．WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheheadmastertreatedSarahwellallthetime. B．Sarah’sfatherdiedfromanaccident.C．Sarahoncelostherhopeforlife. D．Sarahwasalwaysbrave,helpfulandconfident.4．WhichisNOTmentionedaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．FrancesBurnettwasawomanwriter. B．ALittlePrincesscameout.C．ALittlePrincesswastranslatedintotenlanguages. D．ALittlePrincesswaslovedbymillionsofpeople.5．WhydidthewriterintroducethebookALittlePrincesstous?A．Becausehewantedustoreadit. B．Becausehewantedtosellthebook.C．BecauseBurnettaskedhimtodoso. D．BecausehewasSarah’sfriend.【答案】1．B2．D3．D4．C5．A【解析】短文主要講述了Sarah出生在一個(gè)富裕的家庭，后來(lái)爸爸因病去世，Sarah就遭受他人欺負(fù)。但是她一直保持樂(lè)觀積極，最后取得了成功。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Herfatherwasarichman.Heownedacoalmineandtheonlyrelativedotedonhersomuch.”，可知Sarah出生在一個(gè)富裕的家庭，故選B。2．詞句猜測(cè)題，根據(jù)“Heownedacoalmineandtheonlyrelativedotedonhersomuch.Heregardedheraseverythingtohim.”，可知他爸爸把她視為他的一切。說(shuō)明非常寵愛(ài)她，故選D。3．推理判斷題，根據(jù)“Shewasnice,beautiful,helpfulandgentlejustlikearealprincess.”和“Sarahwasconfident,brave,helpfulandkind-heartedjustlikebefore.”，可知Sarah一直都勇敢自信以及樂(lè)于助人，故選D。4．推理判斷題，根據(jù)“IwasshockedafterIreadthebookALittlePrincess,whichwaswrittenbyanAmericanwomanwriternamedFrancesBurnett.Sinceitcameout,thebookhasmovedmillionsofpeople.Ihopemorepeoplewillreadthisbook.”，可知作者在最后一段并沒(méi)有提到《小公主》這部書(shū)被翻譯成了10種語(yǔ)言，故選C。5．主旨大意題，根據(jù)“Ihopemorepeoplewillreadthisbook.”可知作者是希望更多的人讀這本書(shū)，故選A。IalwaysthinkmydaughterKendallisthebest—that’sjustwhatparentsdo.Whenshewasonlythree,shesangforthepeople,likealittleangel.WhenKendallwasfive,wenoticedthatshesometimeshadatic.Whentheproblemgotworse,wetookherfromdoctortodoctor.Duringthetreatment,Kendallcontinuedtosing.Surprisingly,herticsdisappearedwhenshesang.WhenKendallwassixteen,wethoughtshewouldbecuredsoon.However,aterriblethinghappened.“Ataparty,Kendalljumpedonafriendforapiggybackride.Hebentlowerthansheexpected,andshejumpedhigherthanheexpected.Kendallflewoverhisbackandlandedonthefloor—onherneck.Shewasrushedtohospital,paralyzedfromtheneckdown.Shecouldn’tmove.Butherbiggestworrywasn’twhethershewouldwalkagain,butwaswhethershecouldtryoutforashowcalledAmericanIdol.Asthedayswenton,feelingonherleftsidereturned,butshewasstillparalyzedontheright.Weweren’tsurehowmuchofhermovementwouldcomeback.Afriendbroughtamicrophoneandputitonherbed.Everyday,Kendalltriedhardtopickitup.Itwasmoreimportantforhertopickupthatmicrophonethanaspoonorfork.Sometimesshehadtobiteatoothbrushtotakehermindoffthepain.Weallcriedbecauseofthepainwewitnessed.Butontheday,onlythreemonthsafterheraccident,wecriedfullofjoywhenshesang,thoughshedidn’tentertheTop24ofAmericanIdol.Whenshewasalittlegirl,sheaskedmewhyitwasshethathadtics.Myhearthurt,butItoldher,“Kendall,youhaveapureheart,afantasticvoice,astrongmind.Andyouareabeautifulpresence”.WordBanktic面部抽搐paralyzed癱瘓Idol偶像microphone麥克風(fēng)witnessed目擊presence存在根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。6．WhendidtheynoticethatKendallsometimeshadatic?A．Whenshewasthreeyearsold. B．Whenshewasfiveyearsold.C．WhenKendallwassixteen. D．Idon’tknow.7．WhatwasasurpriseduringthetreatmentinParagraph2?A．Shehadaticwhenshesang. B．Shesangforthepeople.C．Shewascuredsoon. D．Herticsdisappearedwhenshesang.8．Putthefollowingsentencesinarightorder.a.Shecouldn’tmove.b.Shewasrushedtohospital.c.Kendalljumpedonafriendforapiggybackride.d.Kendallflewoverhisbackandlandedonthefloor—onherneck.e.Shejumpedhigherthanherfriendexpectedandhebentlowerthansheexpected.A．a(chǎn)bcde B．decba C．cedba D．edbca9．WhywasitmoreimportantforKendalltopickupthatmicrophonethanaspoonorfork?A．BecauseKendalllovedsinging.B．BecauseKendalldidn’tlikeaspoonorfork.C．BecauseKendal’sfriendbroughtthemicrophoneforher.D．Becausethatmicrophonewasmorebeautifulforherthanaspoonorfork.10．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AnAmericanIdol B．Aparalyzedgirl C．Thegirlwhohadatic D．Abeautifulgirl【答案】6．B7．D8．C9．A10．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了從小就喜歡唱歌的Kendall以頑強(qiáng)的毅力戰(zhàn)勝疾病，能夠重新唱歌的故事。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WhenKendallwasfive,wenoticedthatshesometimeshadatic”可知，當(dāng)Kendall五歲時(shí)，父母注意到她有時(shí)會(huì)面部抽搐。故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringthetreatment,Kendallcontinuedtosing.Surprisingly,herticsdisappearedwhenshesang.”可知，驚訝的是，在治療期間，Kendall一唱歌，她的面部抽搐就會(huì)消失。故選D。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Kendalljumpedonafriendforapiggybackride…Shewasrushedtohospital,paralyzedfromtheneckdown.Shecouldn’tmove.”可知，剛開(kāi)始是Kendall想跳到這個(gè)朋友的背上，但是他彎的比Kendall想象的低，Kendall跳的比他想象的高，所以Kendall越過(guò)他的后背，直接脖子著地。Kendall被送去醫(yī)院，從脖子以下癱瘓了，所以正確的排序是cedba。故選C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenshewasonlythree,shesangforthepeople,likealittleangel”及第二段“Surprisingly,herticsdisappearedwhenshesang”可知，當(dāng)她三歲時(shí)，她就像一個(gè)小天使一樣給人們表演唱歌。在她五歲面部抽搐時(shí)，她一唱歌面部抽搐就消失了。由此可知，她喜歡唱歌，所以對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，拿起話(huà)筒比拿起湯勺或叉子更重要。故選A。10．最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Kendall,youhaveapureheart,afantasticvoice,astrongmind.Andyouareabeautifulpresence”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述了Kendall小的時(shí)候面部抽搐，長(zhǎng)大后又突遭癱瘓，但是她以頑強(qiáng)的毅力戰(zhàn)勝疾病，她就是一個(gè)美麗的存在。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，最適合本文標(biāo)題的是“一個(gè)美麗的女孩”。故選D。OPENINGHOURS◆HighSeason（ApriltoSeptember）:9:00—18:00everyday◆LowSeason（OctobertoMarch）:9:00—17:00everydayTICKETPRICES◆LineA（…………→）:$20eachperson◆LineB（→）:$18eachpersonTHINGSYOUSHOULDKNOW◆BusesforbothlinesleaveeveryhourfromCentralStation.◆LineAtakesonehour.LineBtakes50minutes.◆Ifyouaretakingyourpetwithyou,pleasebuyaseatforitathalfprice.◆Save10%ifyoubuyticketsforbothlines.◆Gformoreinformation.11．Mr.andMrs.BrownwanttotakeLineAwiththeirpetdog,howmuchdotheypay?A．$50. B．$45. C．$40. D．$36.12．HowmanyplacescanpeoplevisitiftheytakeLineB?A．7 B．6 C．8 D．1013．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Ticketsaremoreexpensiveinthehighseason.B．LineArequirestenmoreminutesthanLineB．C．Thereare9openinghourseverydayinDecember.D．Peoplecansave10%iftheybuytwoticketsforthesameline.【答案】11．A12．B13．B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，這篇短文為我們介紹了城市觀光車(chē)開(kāi)放時(shí)間，兩條線(xiàn)的價(jià)格，需要的時(shí)間等信息。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中票價(jià)“LineA:$20eachperson”和句子“Ifyouaretakingyourpetwithyou,pleasebuyaseatforitathalfprice”可知布朗夫婦帶著寵物狗購(gòu)票需要20+20+10美元，故選A。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)圖片內(nèi)容可知，兩條線(xiàn)上分別有六個(gè)和七個(gè)可以參觀的地方，結(jié)合圖示“LineA（…………→）:$20eachperson◆LineB（→）:$18eachperson”可知，右側(cè)線(xiàn)路是lineB，可推測(cè)B線(xiàn)路有六個(gè)可以參觀的地方，故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“LineAtakesonehour.LineBtakes50minutes”可知，A線(xiàn)路比B線(xiàn)路需要多10分鐘，B表述正確，故選B。Haveyoueverhadanexperiencewhereyoumeetsomeonenew,learntheirnameandthinktoyourself,“Wow,theyreallylookjustliketheirname!”Whatdoesthismean,exactly?Scientistsaresuggestingthathumanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusaleminIsraelcollectedthousandsofphotosofpeoplefaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthathumansareabletorecognizecertaincharacteristicsoffacesthatcangivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkswhenwe’relookingatnameswithinourownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousenicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thisshowsthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoft