福建省福州一中2021屆高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題(解析版)

福州一中2021屆高三英語下學(xué)期開學(xué)初質(zhì)檢I.聽力(1.5X20=30)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hewaslockedout.B.Hemissedthetrain.C.Helosthiskeys.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atagym.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atacinema.3.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouthertrip?A.Theweather.B.Thetraffic.C.Thescenery.4.Whenwilltheconferencebegin?A.At7:30.B.At8:30.C.At9:00.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ajobposition.B.Afellowworker.C.Anewoffice.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)5段對話。每段對話后有聽下面幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話讀兩遍。6段材料，6、7題。聽第回答第6.Whatseemstobetheman’sproblem?A.Hedoesn’tsleepwell.B.Hehasnomorepills.C.Hecan’tfocusproperly.7.Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?A.Stayhomefromwork.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Stopfeelinganxious.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howdidthemangettoworktoday?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.

9.Whatistheman’smajorconcernaboutdrivingacar?A.Expenses.B.Health.C.Environment.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofusingacar?A.It’scostly.B.It’sdangerous.C.It’sconvenient.聽第段材料，回答第至題。8111311WhoreachedthetopofMountQomolangma?A.Ellen.B.Jonathan.C.Heather.12.Howlongdidthemanspendonhisadventuretravel?A.96days.B.Fourmonths.C.Oneyear.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutdoinginthefuture?A.Walkingthroughanationalpark.B.Cyclingalongacountryroad.C.Campingoutinthemountains.聽第段材料，回答第至題。9141714.WhatisJuliandoing?APlanningherbudget.B.Conductinganinterview.C.Givingadviceonstudies.15WhichcostsMattmosteachmonth?A.Food.B.Clothes.C.Books.16.HowmuchdoesMattspendonsportsamonth?A.About$15.B.About$30.C.About$50.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Schoolmates.C.Co-workers.聽第段材料，回答第至題。10182018.Whichcolourisunsuitableforofficewalls?A.Green.B.Red.C.Yellow.19.Whateffectdoesnaturallighthaveonofficeworkers?

A.Itisgoodfortheireyes.B.Ithelpsthemconcentrate.C.Itmakesthemfeelcheerful.20.Whoaremostlikelytobeinterestedinthetalk?A.Managers.B.Painters.C.Teachers.II.閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisyear,mostpeoplehaveprobablyspentmoreof2020cancelingtravelplansthanbookingthem,butit’snottoolatetoreversethattrend.Herearesomevacationsyoucanplanthisfall.RoadtriptoalocalfarmVisitingafarmis“numberone”travelpickrightnow.Priceplaysabigroleinthatsuggestion.Applepicking,forexample,isusuallyveryaffordable,withsomeorchards(果園)offeringproductsbythepound,for$1or$2,andothersofferingaflatfeeforanall-you-canfillbagforabout$30.VisitanationalparkThereare421nationalparksintheU.S.,sooddsareyou’vegotoneindrivingrange.Ifyou’reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteorracedownthegreatsanddunesinColorado.Theparksarealsoaffordable.Anannualpass,whichguaranteesentrytoeveryparkforanentirefamily,isjust$80.PlanacampingtripItdoesn’tcostmuchmorethancamping.Moststateshavedozensofdrive-incampsites,whileyoucanalsofindcabinsinthe$50-$100pernightrange.There’snoshortageofactivities,either—whetherit’sfishing,hiking,bikingorjustperfectingyourcampingrecipe.RentanRV(露營車，房車)RVsareaprimeoptionforacheapvacation.UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou’repayingforyourtransportationandlodgingallinone.Also,consideringthatsometwo-personRVscangoforaslittleas$175-$200pernight,youcaneasilyfindyourselftravelingaroundthecountrywithoutbreakingthebank.1.Whichvacationwouldathrillseekermostprobablychoose?A.Roadtriptoalocalfarm.C.Planacampingtrip.B.Visitanationalpark.D.RentanRV.2.Whatdothevacationshaveincommon?A.Wallet-friendly.B.Environment-friendly.D.User-friendly.C.Family-friendly.3.What’stheuniqueadvantageofrentingRVs?A.Itmakesyourvacationadventurous.B.Itoffersfreetripsaroundtheworld.C.Youcankilltwobirdswithonestone.D.Youmayhavesomeonetokeepyoucompany.1.B【答案】2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了非常省錢的四個度假計(jì)劃。1【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Visitanationalpark部分中的“Ifyou’reupforachallenge,youcanclimbtheHalfDomeinYosemiteorracedownthegreatsanddunesinColorado.”可知，如果你準(zhǔn)備迎接挑戰(zhàn)，你可以去爬約塞米蒂國家公園的半圓山，或者沖下科羅拉多的沙丘。由此可知，尋求刺激的人最可能選擇參觀國家公園。故選B。2【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中對四個度假計(jì)劃中的“affordable;cheap;Itdoesn’tcostmuchmorethancamping.”可知，這四個度假計(jì)劃都不貴，而Wallet-friendly的意思就是省錢。故選A。3【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RentanRV部分中的“UsinganRVforavacationmeansyou'repayingforyourtransportationandlodgingallinone.”可知，用房車度假決交通與住宿兩個問題，而killtwobirds意味著付一次款可以同時解withonestone意思是“一箭雙雕”，符合題意。故選C。BMargaretMead,themostfamousanthropologist(人類學(xué)家）intheworld,wasbornintheUSAin1901,theoldestoffivechildren.Herfatherwasaprofessoroffinanceandhermotherwasasociologist.Afterstudyingpsychologyasanundergraduate,MeadbeganaPhDintherelativelynewfieldofanthropology.Meadwasparticularlyinterestedinprimitivecommunitiesbecauseshebelievedthatsuchisolatedculturescouldserveas"laboratories"thatwouldrevealwaysoflivingthatthemodernworldhadforgottenaboutbutneededtoremember.HavingtravelledtoSamon,afewtinyvolcanic,tropicalislandsinthecenterofthePacificOcean,Meadgraduallygotinterestedingenderrolesanddiscoveredthatmodernsocietiesarefarmorestrictinthisareathanprimitiveones.Forexample,Americanstendtothinkofmenasproductive,sensible,andaggressive,whilewomenareoftentold

they'remorelight-hearted,peaceful,andnurturing.Butinher1935book,SexandTemperamentinThreePrimitiveSocieties,MeadstudiedtribesinPapuaNewGuineaandrecordedthatintheArapeshtribe,bothmenandwomenwerepeacefulandnurturing,whileamongtheMundugurnortribe,menandwomenwerebothruthlessandaggressive.Mead'sstrikingconclusionisthatitisn'tgenderthatmakeswomencurltheirhairorlistentopeople'sfeelings,orracethatmakessomenationsregularlyattacktheirneighbors.Rather,it'sthesocialexpectationsandnormsthathavelaidthegroundworkforeachindividual'spsychologicalmakeup."Wemustrecognize,"sheremindedherreaders,"thatbeneaththesuperficial(表面上的）classificationsofsexandrace,thesamepotentialitiesalwaysexist,occurringagaingenerationaftergeneration,onlytoperishbecausesocietyhasnoplaceforthem."Sheisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialsocialscientistsofthelastcentury.PeoplearoundtheworldmournedthedeathofMargaretMeadin1978.Ayearlater,thepresidentoftheUnitedStates,JimmyCarter,honoredthesocialscientistwithAmerica'shighestawardforcivilians.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMeadfromthetext?A.Shewasinfluencedbyhermothertobeananthropologist.B.Shemajoredinpsychologyandanthropologyasanundergraduate.C.Shebelievedisolatedculturescouldexposeforgottenwaysoflivingtothemodernworld.D.Shediscoveredmodernsocietiesarelessstrictingenderrolesthanprimitiveones.5.ItcanbeinferredfromMead'sstudyintribesthatA.theworldisfilledwithseparatecultures.B.nogendercharacteristicsareeversimply"humannature".C.knowinganotherculturewillhelpusreflectonourown.D.socialstandardsareresponsibleforindividual'sdevelopment.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Sharedpotentialamonghumans.B.Classificationsofgenderandrace.C.Socialexpectationsandnorms.D.Individual'spsychologicalmakeups.7.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomen.B.TherecommendationofMead'sbook.C.Theintroductionaboutagreatanthropologist.D.Thegroundworkforeachindividual'smakeup.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了著名的人類學(xué)家瑪格麗特.米德的主要成就及影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：關(guān)于米德，我們可以從課文中學(xué)到什么從第一自然段“...becauseshebelievedthatsuchisolatedculturescouldserveas“l(fā)aboratories”thatwouldrevealwaysoflivingthatthemodernworldhadforgottenaboutbutneededtoremember.”因?yàn)樗嘈胚@種孤立的文化可以充當(dāng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室”，揭示現(xiàn)代世界已經(jīng)遺忘但必須記住的生活方式。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本題題干意為：從米德對部落的研究可以推斷出什么？從第三段“Mead'sstrikingconclusionisthatitisn'tgenderthatmakeswomencurltheirhairorlistentopeople'sfeelings,orracethatmakessomenationsregularlyattacktheirneighbors.”米德的驚人結(jié)論是，并不是性別使女性卷起頭發(fā)或傾聽人們的感，受也不是種族使一些國家經(jīng)常攻擊他們的鄰居?？梢酝茢嗟贸鲎髡哒J(rèn)為任何性別特征都不是簡單的人性。故選B。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。本題題干意為：第三段中劃線的單詞“them”指的是什么?從第三自然段“thesamepotentialitiesalwaysexist,occurringgenerationaftergeneration,onlytoperishbecausesocietyhasnoplaceforthem.”同樣的潛力永遠(yuǎn)存在，一代又一代地出現(xiàn)，只是因?yàn)樯鐣]有它們的位置而消失，可以看出them指的是Sharedpotentialamonghumans。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。本題題干意為：這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是什么？通讀全文可知，文章首段介紹瑪格麗特.米德的家庭成員及其愛好，后文繼續(xù)介紹瑪格麗特.米德的專業(yè)、成就及影響。故本文作者是在向讀者介紹著名的人類學(xué)家瑪格麗特.米德。故選C。COstara,uponwhichEasterisbased,isthePagancelebrationofthevernalequinox(春分).TheholidayisnamedafterEostre,aspringgoddessoftheGermanictradition.Thereisn’tmuchwrittenrecordofEostre,anditisthoughtshewasworshipedbytribeswhousedoraltraditionratherthanwrittenwordstorecordhistory.Eostrewasasymboloffertility—shemayhavebeentheoriginalsourceoftheassociationofeggswithspringtimecelebrations.ShemayalsoberesponsiblefortheEasterrabbit—thespringequinoxwasatimewhenhareswouldcomeoutandmate.Afemaleharecanevenconceive(受孕)whilepregnantwithanotherone—thisremarkablefertilitybecameasymboloftheseason.Therefore,weget“Eostrerabbits”inthespring.

GrowthandawakeningareimportantpartsofOstaracelebrations.Becausethedaymarksthecomingoftheplantingseason,modernPagansstoreseedstolatertransferoutdoorsafterfrosthasdisappeared.Caringfortheseedlingislikeworshipingthegoddess.Besides,drawingsreplacetheprettycolorsofnewflowers.ForPagans,Ostaraisatimeforspiritualawakeningandrebirth.Walkingmeditationisacommonpracticeandspecialattentionispaidtothesignsofnaturecomingbacktolife.Newbeginningsarecoming,andthereismuchsoul-searchingandclearingawaynegativeenergy.Thisspiritualcleaningisalsoreflectedinthepracticeofspringcleaning.Whetheryou’rePaganornot,youmighthavenoticedmanyofyourownspringtimecelebrationsinOstaracelebrations,andthere’sareasonwhyPagancustomshavebeenpracticedprettymuchinthesamewaybecausesomuchofitissimplyhumannature.Whocouldresistaspringtimewalkinaforest?Isthereanyonewhoisn’tinspiredbynature’sannualnewbeginning?Sowhateveryourowntradition,honortheseasonwithaspiritualcleaningandrebirth—tomakeroomforbeautifulthingstocome.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.OstarahasalongerhistorythanEaster.B.OnlyPagancelebrateOstaranowadays.C.Ostaraisacelebrationintendedforfemales.D.MostOstaracelebrationsarenotheldoutdoors.9.WhatdoyouthinkisnotanimportantpartofOstaracelebrationsaccordingtothepassage?A.Growth.C.Flowers.B.Drawings.D.Spiritualawakening.10.Whatisthesimilaritybetweenwalkingmeditationandspringcleaning?A.Theycanhelptocleanpeople’sspirit.B.Theyareinneedofsomespecialattention.C.Itiscommontoholdtheactivitiesworldwide.D.Writtenrecordofthemisnottalkedaboutalot.11.WhydoourownspringtimecelebrationshavesomuchincommonwithmanyOstaracelebrations?A.Theyhavethesameoriginandhistory.B.Itishumannaturetopursuebeautifulthings.C.Pagancustomshavebeenspreadtotheworld.D.Pagansaregoodatlearningfromothercultures.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B

【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了Ostara慶祝活動的特點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容和意義。8【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ostara,uponwhichEasterisbased,isthePagancelebrationofthevernalequinox.(Ostara是異教徒慶祝)”可以推知，Ostara比復(fù)活節(jié)歷史更久。故選A項(xiàng)。春分的節(jié)日，復(fù)活節(jié)就是以它為基礎(chǔ)的。9【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“GrowthandawakeningareimportantpartsofOstaracelebrations.(成長和覺醒是Ostara慶祝活動的重要組成部分。)”和“Besides,drawingsreplacetheprettycolorsofnewflowers.(此外，繪)”可知，鮮花不是Ostara節(jié)日慶祝的組成部分。故選C項(xiàng)。畫取代了新花的美麗色彩。重要10【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Walkingmeditationisacommonpracticeandspecialattentionispaidtothesignsofnaturecomingbacktolife.Newbeginningsarecoming,andthereismuchsoul-searchingandclearingawaynegativeenergy.Thisspiritualcleaningisalsoreflectedinthepracticeofspringcleaning.(步行冥想是一自我反省和清除負(fù)面能量。這春季大掃除相似之處是它們可以幫助凈化人們種常見的做法，特別注意大自然恢復(fù)生命的跡象。新的開始即將到來，需要進(jìn)行大量的種精神大掃除也體現(xiàn)在春季大掃除的實(shí)踐中。)”可知，散步冥想和的精神。故選A項(xiàng)。11【題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“…andthere’sareasonwhyPagancustomshavebeenpracticedprettymuchinthesamewaybecausesomuchofitissimplyhumannature.(這就是為什么異教徒的習(xí)俗都以同樣的方式進(jìn)行，因?yàn)檫@是人類的本性。)”可知，我們自己的春季慶?；顒优c許多Ostara慶祝活動有如此多的共同點(diǎn)是因?yàn)樽非竺篮玫氖挛锸侨说谋拘?。故選B項(xiàng)。DChinasuccessfullysentthe52ndand53rdsatellitesofitsdomesticallydevelopedBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)—thelasttwomediumEarthorbit(MEO)satellitesfortheBDS-3constellation(星座)—intospaceonMonday,markingthecompletionoftheglobalnavigationsystem’scoreconstellationdeployment(部署)andthisyear’sBDSsatellitelaunchcampaign.LaunchedfromXichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,SichuanProvince,onboardaLongMarch-3BcarrierrocketwithanExpedition-1upperstage,thetwosatelliteswereinjectedintoplannedorbitsaftermorethanthreehours’flight.SincethefirstBDS-3satellitewaslaunchedonNovember5,2017,Chinahasconducted18BDSsatellitelaunchmissions,successfullysending30intotheirplannedorbit,settinganationalrecordforhighestmissionfrequencyandsuccessrate.In-orbittestswillbecarriedoutbeforethetwoMEOsatellitesarecommissioned(正式委托).BythenthecoreconstellationfortheChineseglobalnavigationsatellitesystemwillbesuccessfullycompleted.WangPing,chiefdesigneroftheBDS-3system,saidthatthehybridconstellationdesign,inwhichthreegroupsofsatellites—theInclinedGeoSynchronousOrbit(IGSO),MEOandgeosynchronousEarthorbit(GEO)—workinconcertindifferentorbits,wasanexclusiveBDSinnovationandaworldfirst.“Existingglobalnavigationsatellitesystems,suchastheUSGPSandRussia’sGLONASS,onlyhaveaMEOsatelliteconstellation,”saidWang.TheMEOsatellites,inorbit20,000kilometersaboveEarth,areaspecialtypeofsatelliteprovidingglobalservice,whiletheIGSOandGEOsatellites,inanorbit360,000kilometersaboveEarth,mainlyenhanceregionalservicequality,accordingtoWang.ThatexplainedwhycompletionoftheMEOconstellationwassignificant,markingthecompletionofthecorenetworkforBDS-3,meaningastableBDS-3globalcoveragewithoutweakpointshasbeencarriedout.FeedbackshowsthattheBDSservicequalitywasalreadycomparabletoGPSsincetheendof2018,andaftercompletingBDS-3,“WewillbeasgoodasanyGNSS.”Wangsaid.12.HowmanyBDSsatellitesweresentintotheirplannedorbitsuccessfully?A.3.B.18.C.30.D.36.13.What’stheadvantageofBDScomparedwithGPSandGLONASS?A.Thediversefunctions.B.Theexcellentservicequality.C.Thelowercostofdesigningit.D.Theabilitytoworkindifferentorbits.14.WhyaretheMEOsatellitesimportant?A.Theyenhanceregionalservicequality.B.Theycanbeputintouseimmediately.C.Theycanenterfartherorbits.D.Theycanservetheworld.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChinaBecomestheFirstCountrytoLaunchaMEOSatelliteB.TheCoreConstellationofBDS-3CompletesDeploymentC.TheBDS-3SystemHasBenefitedManyCountries

D.ExploringSpaceIsVeryImportanttotheWorld【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章講述中國成功發(fā)射自主研發(fā)的第52和53顆北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星，完成全球?qū)Ш较到y(tǒng)的核心部署，并對北斗導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了介紹?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段中“SincethefirstBDS-3satellitewaslaunchedonNovember5,2017,Chinahasconducted18BDSsatellitelaunchmissions,successfullysending30intotheirplannedorbit”（自2017年11月5日發(fā)射第一顆北斗三號衛(wèi)星以來，中國已成功執(zhí)行18次北斗衛(wèi)星發(fā)射任務(wù)，將30顆衛(wèi)星送入計(jì)劃軌道）可知已經(jīng)有30顆北斗衛(wèi)星被送入計(jì)劃軌道。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段中“…thehybridconstellationdesign,inwhichthreegroupsofsatellites—theInclinedGeoSynchronousOrbit(IGSO),MEOandgeosynchronousEarthorbit(GEO)—workinconcertindifferentorbits,wasanexclusiveBDSinnovation…”（將傾斜地球同步軌道(IGSO)、中軌衛(wèi)星(MEO)和地球同步軌道(Geo)三組衛(wèi)星在不同軌道協(xié)同工作的混合星設(shè)計(jì)，是北斗系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)家創(chuàng)新）和“Existingglobalnavigationsatellitesystems,suchastheUSGPSandRussia’sGLONASS,onlyhaveaMEOsatelliteconstellation,”（現(xiàn)有的全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，如美國的GPS和俄羅斯的GLONASS，只有中軌衛(wèi)星。）可知只有北斗擁有不同軌道協(xié)同工作能力。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六自然段中“TheMEOsatellites,inorbit20,000kilometersaboveEarth,areaspecialtypeofsatelliteprovidingglobalservice,whiletheIGSOandGEOsatellites,inanorbit360,000kilometersaboveEarth,mainlyenhanceregionalservicequality,accordingtoWang.ThatexplainedwhycompletionoftheMEOconstellationwassignificant.”（據(jù)王介紹，在地球上空2萬公里軌道上行運(yùn)的MEO衛(wèi)星是提供全球服務(wù)的特殊衛(wèi)星類型，而在地球上空36萬公里軌道上行運(yùn)的IGSO和GEO衛(wèi)星主要提高區(qū)域服務(wù)質(zhì)量。這就解釋了中MEO星座的完成為何意義重大）可知MEO衛(wèi)星提供全球服務(wù),意義重大。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Chinasuccessfullysentthe52ndand53rdsatellitesofitsdomesticallydevelopedBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)—thelasttwomediumEarthorbit(MEO)satellitesfortheBDS-3constellation(星座)—intospaceonMonday,markingthecompletionoftheglobalnavigationsystem’scoreconstellationdeployment(部署)andthisyear’sBDSsatellitelaunchcampaign.”中國于本周一成功地將其國內(nèi)研制的北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)（BDS）的第52顆

和第53顆衛(wèi)星（BDS-3星的最后兩顆中軌衛(wèi)星）送入太空，標(biāo)志著全球?qū)Ш较到y(tǒng)的核心星座部署和今年的北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星的完成啟動活動。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“BDS-3的核心星座完成部署”。故選B。第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howfitareyourteeth?Areyoulazyaboutbrushingthem?Neverfear:Aninventorisonthecase.Anelectrictoothbrushsenseshowlongandhowwellyoubrush,____16____.TheKolibreetoothbrushwasexhibitedattheInternationalConsumerElectronicsShowinLasVegasthisweek.ItsenseshowitismovedandcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetoothwirelessconnection.Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushright（Don’tforgettheinsidesoftheteeth!）andmakesureyou’rebrushinglongenough.“____17____.”saysThomasServal,theFrenchinventor.___18___,sodeveloperscould,forinstance,createagamecontrolledbyyourtoothbrush.Youcouldscorepointsforbeatingmonstersamongyourteeth.“Wetrytomakeitsmartbutalsofun,”Servalsays.Servalsayshewasinspiredbyhisexperienceasafather.Hewouldcomehomefromworkandhischildrentoldhimthattheyhadbrushedtheirteeth.Hewaspleasedwiththeirbehavior,____19____.Hedecidedheneededabrushthatreallytoldhimhowwellhischildrenbrushed.ThecompanysaystheKolibreewillgoonsalethissummer,for$99to$199,dependingonfeatures.TheU.S.isthefirsttargetmarket.Servalsaysthatoneday,it’llbepossibletoreplacethebrushonthehandlewithabrushingunitthatalsohasacamera.____20____.A.thusawardingthemmoretoothbrushesB.onlytofindtheirtoothbrushheadsdryC.ThecameracanalsocheckmoretoothproblemsD.ItcanevenshootholesinyourteethwhileyoubrushE.anditletsyoutrackyourperformanceonyourphoneF.ThetoothbrushwillalsobeabletotalktootherapplicationsonyourphoneG.It’skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.B20.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了一種新型的電動牙刷既智能又有趣，能夠檢查人們的刷牙情況。【詳解】1.根據(jù)上文中“Anelectrictoothbrushsenseshowlongandhowwellyoubrush,”（電動牙刷可以感知你刷牙的時間長短和刷得好壞,）及下文中“ItsenseshowitismovedandcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetoothwirelessconnection.”（它能感知牙刷移動方式，并通過藍(lán)牙無線連接將信息發(fā)送到安卓手機(jī)或蘋果手機(jī)。）可知，接下來描述的這種電動牙刷的功能在手機(jī)上能實(shí)現(xiàn)什么。選項(xiàng)E.“anditletsyoutrackyourperformanceonyourphone”故選E。（它能讓你在手機(jī)上追蹤你的表現(xiàn)）符合句意。2.根據(jù)上文中“Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushrightandmakesureyou’rebrushinglongenough.”（這個牙刷會教你正確的刷牙，確保你刷牙的時間足夠長。）可知，牙刷實(shí)現(xiàn)了教你刷牙的功能，這是牙醫(yī)的職責(zé)，所以接下來就是講牙刷就像牙醫(yī)一樣可以做事。選項(xiàng)G.“It’skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis”（這有點(diǎn)像讓牙醫(yī)每天監(jiān)視你刷牙）符合題意。故選G。3.根據(jù)上文中“Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushright”（這個牙刷會教你正確的刷牙）可知，講F.“The述了牙刷的功能。是段落的中心句。根據(jù)句子特點(diǎn)，此處處于段首，同樣講述牙刷的功能。選項(xiàng)toothbrushwillalsobeabletotalktootherapplicationsonyourphone”（牙刷也可以和你手機(jī)上的其他應(yīng)用程序通話），“also”和上文構(gòu)成了遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。符合文意。故選F。4.根據(jù)上文“hischildrentoldhimthattheyhadbrushedtheirteeth.Hewaspleasedwiththeirbehavior,”（他的孩子們告訴他他們已經(jīng)刷過牙了，他對他們的行為很滿意,）及下文中“Hedecidedheneededabrushthatreallytoldhimhowwellhischildrenbrushed.”(他決定需要一把刷子來告訴他，他的孩子如何刷好牙。）可知，孩子們沒有刷好牙，空白處講述他看到孩子們的牙刷后的情況。選項(xiàng)B.“onlyheadsdry”（卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的牙刷頭是干的）符合文意。故選B。tofindtheirtoothbrush5.根據(jù)上文“it’llbepossibletoreplacethebrushonthehandlewithabrushingunitthatalsohasacamera.”（可以把手柄上的牙刷頭換成帶攝像頭的牙刷。）可知，接下來講述的是帶攝像頭的牙刷的好處。選項(xiàng)C.“Thecameracanalsocheckmoretoothproblems”（攝像頭還能檢查更多的牙齒問題）符合文意。故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sittinginmyschoolcafeteria,Ilookedaround,slowlytakingineverything.Studentafterstudentpassedmy____21____carryingthatday’slunch,butifyoulookeddeeper,therewasmoreto____22____.Therewasmorethanjusttheuniformtheywerewearing,orthewaytheyhadstyledtheirhair.Therewasalotmorehiddenunderthe____23____.Catchingtheeyeofagirlinmygradesittingatanearbytable,Iwaved____24____.Shesmiledweaklyandthencontinuedtopickatthespaghettiinfrontofher.IfIhadn’t____25____recentlythathermotherwasdyingofleukemia,Iwouldhavenever____26____anythingwaswrongandImaynothavebeenas____27____andsympathetic,either.Itsuddenly____28____methatwejudgeotherstooquicklywithoutknowingthewholestory.Ihaveanincurablelungdisease.Nooneatourschoolknows—Idon’tshowanynoticeable____29____exceptforafewcoughs.Igoaboutmydaylikeanyotherkid,_____30_____withtherealizationthatIhavea_____31_____andterrifyingfuture.BeforethatdaywhenIdecidedto_____32_____theworldwithanewperspective,I_____33_____myselfalmosteveryday.Ithoughtonlyaboutmyselfandmyheavy_____34_____.ButI’venowrealizednooneis_____35_____—wejustneedtoacceptthewayweare.21.A.orderB.roomC.tableD.cafeteriaD.exchangeD.surface22.A.imagine23.A.uniform24.A.politely25.A.foundB.compareB.rulesC.observeC.circumstancesC.coldlyB.wildlyB.noticedB.suspectedB.outstandingB.satisfiedB.symptomsB.andD.impatientlyD.decidedD.regrettedD.demandingD.attractedD.weaknessesD.soC.heard26.A.remembered27.A.willing28.A.escaped29.A.diseases30.A.butC.predictedC.understandingC.hitC.complaintsC.or31.A.brightB.realC.seriousC.changeC.challengedC.burdenC.uniqueD.dark32.A.tolerate33.A.forgave34.A.debtB.createD.viewB.pitiedD.encouragedD.scheduleD.differentB.rewardB.perfect35.A.changeable21.C【答案】22.C34.C23.D35.B24.A25.C26.B27.C28.C29.B30.A31.D32.D33.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者對生活的觀察和進(jìn)行的反思，啟迪讀者要正確看待生活中的不幸?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個接一個的學(xué)生走過我的桌子，端著那天的午餐，但如果你深入觀察，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)還有更多的東西要觀察。A.order訂購；B.room房間；C.table桌子，餐桌；D.cafeteria自助餐廳。根據(jù)上文“Sittinginmyschoolcafeteria,”可知，作者坐在自助餐廳了吃午餐，所以此處指學(xué)生們路過作者所坐的餐桌旁。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個接一個的學(xué)生走過我的桌子，端著那天的午餐，但如果你深入觀察，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)還有更多的東西要觀察。A.imagine想象；B.compare比較；C.observe觀察；D.exchange交換。根據(jù)上文“butifyoulookeddeeper,”可知，此處表示作者認(rèn)為有更多的有待觀察的東西。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：表面之下隱藏著更多的東西。A.uniform校服；B.rules規(guī)則；C.circumstances情況；D.surface表面。根據(jù)上文“butifyoulookeddeeper,”以及常識可知，學(xué)生的制服和發(fā)型都是表面的東西，深入觀察可以發(fā)現(xiàn)表面之下隱藏著更多的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我被鄰桌一個同年級女生的目光所吸引，我禮貌地?fù)]了揮手。A.politely禮貌地；B.wildly瘋狂地；C.coldly冷冷地；D.impatiently不耐煩地。根據(jù)上文“Catchingtheeyeofagirlinmygradesittingatanearbytable”可知，作者禮貌地給女孩打招呼。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會這么理解和同情她。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.noticed注意到；C.heard聽說；D.decided決定。根據(jù)常識可知，此處指作者聽說了這個女孩家里的不幸。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會這么理解和同情她。A.remembered記?。籅.suspected懷疑；C.predicted預(yù)測；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)“.IfIhadn’t5recentlythathermotherwasdyingofleukemia”可知，此處指如果不聽說女孩的故事，就不會懷疑有什么問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我最近沒有聽說她的母親死于白血病，我永遠(yuǎn)不會懷疑出了什么問題，我可能也不會這么理解和同情她。A.willing愿意的；B.outstanding突出的；C.understanding理解；D.demanding要求高的。根據(jù)前文句意以及后文“andsympathetic”可知，此處指作者對對方表示理解和同情。故選C項(xiàng)。28【題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然意識到，我們在不了解整個故事的情況下，太快地去判斷別人。A.escaped逃脫；B.satisfied使?jié)M意；C.hit使突然想起；D.attracted吸引。Ithit(s)sbthat…“使某人突然想起……”是固定句型，符合句意，說明作者突然明白了這個道理。故選C項(xiàng)。29【題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校里沒人知道——除了幾聲咳嗽，我沒有表現(xiàn)出任何明顯的癥狀。A.diseases疾??；根據(jù)語境及后文中的“B.symptoms癥狀；C.complaints抱怨；D.weaknesses弱點(diǎn)。exceptforafewcoughs”可知，B項(xiàng)。此處指一些不為人注意的30癥狀。故選【題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我A.but但是；B.and并且；C.or或者，否則；D.so因此。kid”和后文“withtherealizationthatIhavea____11____andterrifyingfuture”是像其他孩子一樣過著一天的生活，但我意識到我有一個黑暗而可怕的未來。根據(jù)語境可知，前文“Igoaboutmydaylikeanyother轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。31【題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我A.bright明亮的；B.real真實(shí)的；C.serious嚴(yán)重的；D.dark黑的暗。根據(jù)前文“自己未來并不光明（是黑的暗）。故選和后文“terrifying”可知，作者意識到D項(xiàng)。像其他孩子一樣過著一天的生活，但我意識到我有一個黑暗而可怕的未來。Ihaveanincurablelungdisease.”32【題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我決定用新的視角看待世界之前，我?guī)缀趺刻於荚谧詰z。A.tolerate容忍；B.create視為。根據(jù)前文中的“創(chuàng)造；C.change改變；D.view仔細(xì)查看，把……Ilookedaround”以及“deeper”和后文“withanewperspective”可知，作者自那天之后，以一種新的視角看待世界。故選butifyoulookedD項(xiàng)。33【題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我決定用新的視角看世界之前，我?guī)缀趺刻於荚谧詰z。A.forgave原諒；B.pitied憐憫，可憐；C.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；D.encouraged鼓勵。根據(jù)前文“Ihaveanincurablelungdisease.”和后文“只考慮自己，因自己的不可治愈的疾病而自憐。故選thoughtonlyaboutmyself”可知，作者B項(xiàng)。I34【題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我只想著我自己和我沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。A.debt債務(wù)；B.reward獎勵；C.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；D.schedule時間表。根據(jù)前文“day.”可知，在作者決定用新?lián)９蔬xC項(xiàng)。Ihaveanincurablelungdisease.”以及前句中“Ipitiedmyselfalmostevery視角看世界之前，作者幾乎每天都可憐自己，應(yīng)該是把身患疾病看作沉重的負(fù)35【題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我現(xiàn)在意識到?jīng)]有人是完美的，我們只需要接受我們本來的樣子。A.changeable多變的；B.perfect完美的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)前文“Ihaveanincurable是完美的。故選Blungdisease.”以及后文“wejustneedtoacceptthewayweare”可知，此處指每個人都不項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下