新課堂英語必修三人教課改地區(qū)專用版講義Unit3PartⅢ

PartⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.dessertn.餐后甜點(diǎn)2.amountn.數(shù)量3.mannern.禮貌；舉止；方式4.screamvi.尖聲叫n.尖叫聲；喊叫聲5.indeedadv.真正地；確實(shí)；實(shí)在6.bowvi.&n.鞠躬；彎腰7.unbelievableadj.難以置信的→believableadj.令人相信的→believevt.相信8.rudeadj.粗魯?shù)?；無禮的→rudelyadv.粗魯?shù)兀粺o禮地9.genuineadj.真的；真誠的→genuinelyadv.真正地；真誠地Ⅱ.核心短語1.in__rags衣衫襤褸2.as__for關(guān)于；至于3.take__a__chance冒險(xiǎn)4.pay__attention__to注意5.fromthebottomofone’sheart發(fā)自內(nèi)心6.takeone’sorder點(diǎn)菜7.alargeamountof大量的8.inarudemanner粗魯?shù)?；沒有禮貌地Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1.Well,it__is__well－known__thatAmericansliketoeatalot.嗯，美國人喜歡吃得多，這是大家都知道的。2.Well,I__did__hear__thatamount...ofEnglandhadissuedtwonotesinthisamount...嗯，我的確聽說英國銀行發(fā)行了兩張這種面額的支票……3.Indeed，sir，Ihopeyou’llcomeherewhenever__you__like.事實(shí)上，先生，我希望您隨時(shí)光臨。4.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhatever__you__like.您什么時(shí)候想來就來，想吃什么就吃什么。1.動(dòng)詞名用詞匯bowvi.鞠躬；彎腰→n.鞠躬；彎腰2.歸類記單詞：“喊、叫”動(dòng)詞集合①scream(因恐懼、快樂等)尖叫②shout(高聲)喊出③exclaim(因高興、憤怒、痛苦)高聲喊叫④cry(因恐懼、驚奇、痛苦)喊叫⑤yell(求援、鼓勵(lì))呼叫⑥call大聲喊叫(引起注意)原文呈現(xiàn)THEMILLIONPOUNDBANKNOTEActI，Scene4(OutsidearestaurantHenrylooksattheenvelopewithoutopeningitanddecidestogoin.Hesitsdownatatable①nextto②thefrontwindow.)OWNER：(seeingHenry’spoorappearance)Thatone’sreserved.Thisway，please.(tothewaiter)Takethisgentleman’sorder，Horace.HENRY：(aftersittingdownandputtingtheletteronthetable)I’dlikesomehamandeggsandanicebigsteak③.Makeitextrathick.I’dalsolikeacupofcoffeeandapineappledessert④.WAlTER：Right，sir.I’mafraidit’llcostalargeamountof⑤money.HENRY：Iunderstand.AndI’llhavealargeglassof⑥beer.WAITER：OK.(Thewaiterleavesandsoonreturnswithallthefood.)HOSTESS：Mygoodness！⑦Why，lookathim.Heeatslikeawolf.OWNER：We’llseeifhe’scleverasawolf，eh?HENRY：(havingjustfinishedeverybitoffood)Ah，waiter.(thewaiterreturns)Samethingagain，please.Oh，andanotherbeer⑧.WAITER：Again?Everything?HENRY：Yes，that’sright.(seesthelookonthewaiter’sface)Anythingwrong?WAlTER：No，notatall.(totheowner)He’saskedformoreofthesame.OWNER：Well，itiswell－knownthatAmericansliketoeatalot.Well，we’llhavetotakeachance⑨.Goaheadandlethimhaveit.WAITER：(readingthebillafterthemeal)Allright.That’stwoordersofhamandeggs，twoextrathicksteaks，twolargeglassesofbeer，twocupsofcoffeeandtwodesserts.HENRY：(lookingattheclockonthewall)Wouldyoumindwaitingjustafewminutes?WAITER：(inarudemanner)⑩What’stheretowaitfor?OWNER：Allright，Horace.I’lltakecareofthis?.HENRY：(toowner)Thatwasawonderfulmeal.It’samazinghowmuchpleasureyougetoutofthesimplethingsinlife，especiallyifyoucan’thavethemforawhile.OWNER：Yes，veryinteresting.Nowperhaps，sir，ifyoupayyourbillIcanhelptheothercustomers.HENRY：(lookingattheclockonthewallagain)Well，Iseeit’stwoo’clock.(heopenstheenvelopeandholdsamillionpoundbanknoteinhishands.Henryissurprisedbuttheownerandthewaiterareshocked)I’mverysorry.But...I...Idon’thaveanythingsmaller.OWNER：(stillshockedandnervous)Well...er...justonemoment.Maggie，look!(thehostessscreams?，theothercustomerslookatherandsheputsahandtohermouth?)Doyouthinkit’sgenuine?？HOSTESS：Oh，dear，Idon’tknow.Isimplydon’tknow.OWNER：Well，IdidhearthattheBankofEnglandhadissued?twonotesinthisamount?...Anyway，Idon’tthinkitcanbeafake?.Peoplewouldpaytoomuchattentionto?abanknoteofthisamount.Nothiefwouldwantthattohappen.HOSTESS：Buthe’sinrags?！OWNER：Perhapshe’saverystrange，richman.(asifhehasdiscoveredsomethingforthefirsttime?)Why，yes！Thatmustbeit!HOSTESS：(hitsherhusband’sarm)Andyouputhiminthebackoftherestaurant!Goandseehimatonce.OWNER：(toHenry)I’msosorry，sir，sosorry，butIcannotchangethisbanknote.HENRY：Butit’sallIhaveonme.OWNER：Oh，please，don’tworry，sir.Doesn’tmatteratall.We’resoverygladthatyouevenenteredourlittleeatingplace.Indeedeq\o(○,\s\up7(21))，sir，Ihopeyou’llcomeherewheneveryoulike.HENRY：Well，that’sverykindofyou.OWNER：Kind，sir？No，it’skindofyou.Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike.Justhavingyousithereisagreathonour！Asforeq\o(○,\s\up7(22))thebill，sir，pleaseforgetit.HENRY：Forgetit？Well...thankyouverymuch.That’sveryniceofyou.OWNER：Oh，it’sforustothankyou，sirandIdo，sir，fromthebottomofmyheart.(Theowner，thehostessandthewaiterallboweq\o(○,\s\up7(23))asHenryleaves.)閱讀清障①atatable在桌旁②nextto緊挨著，緊靠著※takeone’sorder點(diǎn)菜③steak/steIk/n.(供煎、烤的)肉塊；魚排；牛排※Makeitextrathick是“make＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。句中extra為副詞，意為“特別，尤其”，修飾形容詞thick。④pineappledessert菠蘿甜點(diǎn)pineapple/'paIn?pl/n.菠蘿dessert/dI'z?:t/n.餐后甜點(diǎn)⑤alargeamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞大量的……amount/?'ma?nt/n.數(shù)量asmallamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞少量的……⑥alargeglassof一大杯……⑦M(jìn)ygoodness！天哪！表示驚訝的用語?！鵺hy在口語中可用作感嘆詞，意為“哎呀，嗨”，表示驚訝或突然意識(shí)到某事。⑧anotherbeer＝anotherglassofbeer再來一杯啤酒※Itiswell－knownthat...“眾所周知……”是常用句型。it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。本句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：Asiswell－known，...⑨t(yī)akeachance冒險(xiǎn)※Wouldyouminddoingsth？是提出請(qǐng)求或建議的常用句型，意為“你介意做某事嗎？”，即：“請(qǐng)你做某事好嗎？”⑩inarudemanner用粗魯?shù)姆绞絩ude/ru:d/adj.粗魯?shù)?；無禮的manner/'m?n?/n.禮貌；舉止；方式※What’stheretowaitfor？還等什么？動(dòng)詞不定式短語towaitfor作what的定語，直譯：有什么可等的？?takecareofsth料理/照應(yīng)某事※It’samazinghowmuchpleasure...中it是形式主語，howmuch引導(dǎo)主語從句?！鵭ustonemoment是justwaitforonemoment的省略形式。戲劇語言的特點(diǎn)之一就是簡潔、口語化。?scream/skri:m/vi.尖聲叫n.尖叫聲；喊叫聲?putahandtoone’smouth用手捂住某人的嘴?genuine/'d?enj?In/adj.真的；真誠的?issue/'Isju:/vt.&vi.發(fā)行(鈔票等)；發(fā)布(命令)；出版(雜志等)?inthisamount以這樣的面值/面額※can表示推測，與主句中的not結(jié)合在一起，表示“不可能”。?fake/feIk/n.假貨；欺騙adj.假的?payattentionto注意?inrags衣衫襤褸rag/r?ɡ/n.破布；碎布介詞in后面接顏色或衣物等名詞時(shí)，意思是“穿著，戴著”。?forthefirsttime第一次，用作狀語。※Thatmustbeit！一定是這樣的！must在此句中對(duì)現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推測。表語it為代詞，指代上文“他是一個(gè)非常怪異而富有的人”?！鵬t’sallIhaveonme我身上就只帶了這張鈔票。all在句中作表語，其后的Ihaveonme是定語從句，省略了關(guān)系代詞that。havesthonsb表示“某人身上帶了某物”。※Doesn’tmatteratall.一點(diǎn)兒也沒關(guān)系。本句中省略了主語It。mattervi.要緊；有重大關(guān)系。matter多用于否定句和疑問句中。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))indeed/In'di:d/adv.真正地；確實(shí)；實(shí)在※wheneveryoulike為時(shí)間狀語從句，用whenever表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，相當(dāng)于atanytime。※wheneveryouwant為時(shí)間狀語從句，whenever比when語氣強(qiáng)烈?！鵺hateveryoulike你喜歡的任何東西，在此處作have的賓語?！鶆?dòng)名詞短語havingyousithere作主語。honour在此處是抽象名詞具體化的用法，意為“一件引以為榮的事”。eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))asfor關(guān)于；至于eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))bow/ba?/vi.&n.鞠躬；彎腰Ⅰ.What’sthemainideaofthetext?Henry’s__experience__in__a__restaurant./What__Henry__experienced__in__a__restaurant.Ⅱ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswer.1.WhatfooddidnotHenryorder?A.Steak. B.Pineapple.C.Hamandeggs. D.Bread.2.WhatdidHenryfindintheenvelope?A.Nothing. B.Aphoto.C.Apicture. D.Amillionpoundbanknote.3.HowdidHenryfeelwhenhefoundthemillionpoundbanknoteintheenvelope?A.Surprised. B.Crazy.C.Glad. D.Sad.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthewaiter’slookandmanneratfirst?A.HewantedtobeatHenry.B.HethoughtHenrywasabeggar.C.HewasrudetoHenry.D.HethoughtHenrycouldn’tpayforthemeal.答案1.D2.D3.A4.D1.amountn.數(shù)量I’mafraidit’llcostalargeamountofmoney.(教材P22)我恐怕這得花費(fèi)一大筆錢?！癮largeamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)?！發(fā)argeamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。①Itwilltakeusalargeamountofmoneyandtimetofinishthework.完成這項(xiàng)工作要花大量的時(shí)間和金錢。②Largeamountsofwaterhave__been__polluted(pollute)sincethefactorywasbuiltlastyear.自打這個(gè)工廠去年被修建以來，大量的水已經(jīng)被污染了。2.rudeadj.粗魯?shù)?；不禮貌的(inarudemanner)What’stheretowaitfor？(教材P22)(粗魯?shù)卣f)還等什么？berudeto...對(duì)……粗魯或沒有禮貌It’srudeofsbtodosth某人做某事很粗魯①Don’tbesorudetoyourparents.別對(duì)你的父母這么沒禮貌。②Itwasrudeofyoutosaythattoyourfatherjustnow.你剛才對(duì)你父親講那種話太不禮貌了。3.mannern.禮貌；舉止；方式(inarudemanner)What’stheretowaitfor？教材P22)(粗魯?shù)卣f)還等什么？ina...manner以……的方式itisbad/goodmannerstodosth做某事沒有/有禮貌①Whyareyoutalkinginsucharudemanner?你為什么用如此粗暴的方式談話？②It’sbadmanners(manner)tobreakinwhileothersarespeaking.當(dāng)別人說話的時(shí)候插嘴是不禮貌的。[名師點(diǎn)津]manner作“方式；舉止”講時(shí)，常用單數(shù)；而作“禮貌；習(xí)俗”講時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)。1.takeachance冒險(xiǎn)Well，we’llhavetotakeachance.(教材P22)嗯，那我們不得不冒一點(diǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。(1)takeachance/chancestodosth冒險(xiǎn)做某事(2)haveachancetodo/ofdoingsth有個(gè)做某事的機(jī)會(huì)havenochancetodosth沒有做某事的機(jī)會(huì)bychance/accident偶然的，意外的(3)thereisa/nochancethat...可能/不可能……chancesarethat...可能……①Heisjusttakingachancetowalkonsuchathinrope.他在這么細(xì)的繩子上走，完全是在冒險(xiǎn)。②Ifyouhaveachanceto__travel(travel)inEurope，you’dbetterchooseItaly.如果你有機(jī)會(huì)去歐洲旅游，你最好選擇意大利。③Imetmyoldfriendbychanceonmywayhomefromschool.在放學(xué)回家的路上我遇到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。2.asfor關(guān)于；至于Asforthebill，sir，pleaseforgetit.(教材P22)至于賬單嘛，先生，請(qǐng)把它忘了吧。eq\x(\a\al(asfor＝asto至于；關(guān)于,asif仿佛，好像))①Thehoteliscomfortableenough，butasfor/tothefood，I’mnotquitesure.這家旅館挺舒服的，但關(guān)于飲食我就不確定了。②Thismeattastesasif/thoughithasalreadygonebad.這肉吃起來似乎已經(jīng)壞了。1.Well，itiswell－knownthatAmericansliketoeatalot.(教材P22)嗯，美國人喜歡吃得多，這是大家都知道的。句中itiswell－knownthat...眾所周知……，是常用句型。it是形式主語，指代that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。①Itiswell－knownthateveryonehashisowndreamaswellashisownfuture.眾所周知，每個(gè)人都既有自己的夢(mèng)想也有自己的未來。上述句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換為下列兩種句型：(1)Asiswell－known，...(as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)(2)Whatiswell－knownisthat...(what引導(dǎo)主語從句，that引導(dǎo)表語從句)②Itiswell－knownthattheAtlanticOceanisonlyhalfasbigasthePacificOcean.＝As__is__well－known，theAtlanticOceanisonlyhalfasbigasthePacificOcean.＝What__is__well－known__is__thattheAtlanticOceanisonlyhalfasbigasthePacificOcean.眾所周知，大西洋僅有太平洋的一半大。2.Indeed，sir，Ihopeyou’llcomeherewheneveryoulike.(教材P22)真的，先生，我希望您隨時(shí)光臨。whenever在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“無論何時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen。①Whenever(＝Nomatterwhen)youcome，youwillbewarmlywelcomed.無論什么時(shí)候來，你都會(huì)受到熱烈歡迎。②Youcanaskforhelpwheneveryouneedit.你無論何時(shí)需要，都可以尋求幫助。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)疑問詞＋－ever：whatever，whoever，whomever，wherever，whenever，however，whichever可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時(shí)可和“nomatter＋疑問詞”互換；還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但wherever和whenever除外。(2)nomatter＋疑問詞：nomatter＋what/who/whom/where/when/how/which，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。③It’swrongtogivechildrenwhatevertheywant.孩子要什么給什么是錯(cuò)誤的。④I’dliketotalkwithyouwhenever/no__matter__whenyouarefree.在你有空時(shí)我想和你談?wù)?。?單詞拼寫1.Asweallknow，afriendinneedisafriendindeed(確實(shí)).2.Ihavealargeamount(量)ofworktofinishinJune.3.Whyareyoutalkingtoyourmotherinsuchastrangemanner(方式)?4.Theguiltymanbowed(鞠躬)hisheadinshame.5.SometimesIwanttoscream(尖叫)outloudly.6.Whatweneedisthistypeofgenuine(真正的)friendship.Ⅱ.選詞填空takeachance，asfor，inrags，takeone’sorder，takecareof，payattentionto1.As__forthecauseofthefire，Idon’tknowanything.2.Theropemightbreak，butwehavetotake__a__chance.3.Somerichpeopleliketodressthemselvesin__rags.4.Wouldyoutake__care__ofyourlittlesisterwhenIleave?5.Pleasepay__attention__tothedifferencebetweenthetwowords.6.Assoonashisfriendssatdownatthetable，heaskedthewaitertotake__their__order.Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.眾所周知，他是他們班最好的學(xué)生之一。(Itisknownthat...)It__is__known__that__he__is__one__of__the__best__students__in__his__class.2.無論做什么，我們都必須細(xì)心。(whatever/nomatterwhat)Whatever/No__matter__what__we__do，we__must__be__careful.3.他每個(gè)月都花很多錢來買書。(alargeamountof)Every__month，he__spends__a__large__amount__of__money__on__books.4.我的確希望你能考慮一下我的建議。(強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞)I__do__hope__you__can__take__my__suggestion__into__account.5.你剛才對(duì)你父親講那種話太不禮貌了。(Itisrudeof...)It__was__rude__of__you__to__say__that__to__your__father__just__now.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Generallyspeaking，goodmanners(manner)arisefromrespectforothers.2.Ienjoyswimming.Butasformysister，sheenjoysplayingtennis.3.Shewantstomakefriendswithwhoeversharesherinterests.4.Theysettledthequarrelbetweentheminafriendlymanner.5.Itiswell－knownthattheauthorispopularwithteenagers.6.Thereislittlechancethatthetrappedminerswillberescued.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.YouarealwaysreadytohelpmewhenIturntoyouforhelp.when→whenever2.Youtakethechancewhenyouletherdrive.the→a3.Amountsofmoneyhasbeenspentontheprojectsofbuildinganewshoppingcenter.has→have4.It’sveryrudeforhertoleavewithoutsayinggoodbyetous.for→of5.Asweallknow，allthepeopledressedinragarenotbeggars.rag→ragsⅢ.課文語法填空Henrywentintoarestaurantand1.sat(sit)downatatablenexttothefrontwindow，buttheownertoldhimthetable2.had__been__reserved(reserve).Thenhewasputinthebackoftherestaurant.Horacetook3.his(he)orderandHenryaskedsomehamandeggs，anicebigsteak，acupofcoffee，apineappledessertandalargeglassofbeer.4.Though/Althoughtheownerandthewaiterservedhim5.inarudemanner，Henryhadawonderfulmeal.Whenhetookoutthebanknote6.to__pay(pay)thebill，theownerandthewaiter7.were__shocked(shock)，andthehostessevenscreamed.Theydoubted8.whetherthenotewasgenuine，becauseHenrywasin9.rags(rag).Atlast，whenHenrylefttherestaurant，theowner，thehostessandthewaiterall10.bowed(bow)tohim.Ⅳ.閱讀理解AWhatdoTomSawyerandJumpingFrogshaveincommon?Storiesaboutbothofthemwerecreatedbyoneman：MarkTwain.TwainwasfouryearsoldwhenhisfamilymovedtoHannibal，Missouri，locatedonthewestbankoftheMississippi.Twaingrewupthereandwasfascinatedwith(使……入迷)lifealongtheriver—thesteamboats，thegiantlumber(木頭)rafts，andthepeoplewhoworkedonthem.TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyisoneofTwain’sbestlovedshortstories，andTheAdventuresofTomSawyerisoneofhismostfamousnovels.BoththeseworksarecelebratedbyeventsheldduringNationalTomSawyerDays，whichoriginatedinthelate1950sandbecamenationalinthe1960s.ChildrenentertheirfrogsinthejumpingcontestduringNationalTomSawyerDays.There’salsoafencepaintingcontesttoseewhocanpaintthefastest.TheideaforthiscontestcomesfromasceneinTomSawyer，inwhichTomhasbeentoldtopaintthefenceinfrontofthehousehelivesin.It’sabeautifulday，andhewouldratherbedoinganythingelse.Ashisfriendswalkby，hemakesthembelievethatit’sfuntopaint，andtheyjoininthe“fun”.Bytheendoftheday，thefencehasthreecoatsofpaint!AlthoughthestoryofTomSawyerisafiction(虛構(gòu)的事)，it’sbasedonfacts.IfyougotoHannibal，you’llseethewhitefence，whichstillstandsatTwain’sboyhoodhome.【語篇解讀】馬克·吐溫(1835－1910)是美國批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的奠基人，世界著名的短篇小說大師。《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》是他的代表作之一。1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMarkTwainisTRUE?A.HewasborninHannibal.B.HeenjoyedhislifeinHannibal.C.HespentmostofhischildhoodontheMississippi.D.Heoftenwentrafting(坐船漂流)ontheMississippiwithhisparents.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Twaingrewupthereandwasfascinatedwith(使……入迷)lifealongtheriver...”可知B項(xiàng)正確。]2.NationalTomSawyerDayswerecreated________.A.aboutfortyyearsagoB.inmemoryofagreatwriterC.shortlyafterTwain’sdeathD.toimprovekids’interestinreading答案B[推理判斷題。第二段說全國湯姆索亞日期間會(huì)舉辦不同的活動(dòng)，旨在頌揚(yáng)這兩部作品，由此推理這個(gè)日子是為紀(jì)念這兩部作品的作者馬克·吐溫的。]3.Whowillwinthefencepaintingcontest?A.Bob，paintingthelongest.B.Julia，paintingmostcarefully.C.Jim，paintinginthenewestway.D.John，paintingintheshortesttime.答案D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“There’salsoafencepaintingcontesttoseewhocanpaintthefastest.”可推知能在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)漆完籬笆的將獲勝，故選D。]4.FromthewhitefenceatTwain’sboyhoodhome，weknowthat________.A.thestoryofTomSawyerisbasedpartlyonTwain’sexperiencesB.thestoryofTomSawyerisbasedtotallyonTwain’simaginationC.Twain’soldhouseispaintedbythefencepaintingcompetitorsD.Twain’soldhouseisvisitedbypeoplefromalloverthecountry答案A[推理判斷題。至今仍佇立在吐溫孩童時(shí)期的家外的那片白色柵欄是用來說明尾段句首結(jié)論的——AlthoughthestoryofTomSawyerisafiction(虛構(gòu)的事)，it’sbasedonfacts.因?yàn)閺纳弦欢慰芍稖贰に鱽啔v險(xiǎn)記》中有與此相關(guān)的情節(jié)。]BTheroadsthatwindalongtheSeineusedtobefullofheavytraffic.Today，cyclistsareenjoyingthewatersidepeace.OntherightbankoppositetheEiffelTower，carshavebeenmadetotravelinasinglelane(車道)，leavingtheothertobicycles.Asenseofbeingcontrolledisfeltbythecapital’scarowners.AnneHidalgo，theSocialistmayorofParis，isstarting“awaragainstcars”.Aspartofthecityhall’splantoincreasetheshareoftripstakenbybicyclefrom5%to15%by2020，protectedcyclinglanesarebeinglengthenedalongsomeofthecity’smainroads.AwholeroadonthebusyRuedeRivoliisbeingchangedintoatwo－waybikeroute.Theleftbank’sroadwasclosedtocarsin2013，sixyearsafterthecitymadeabike－sharingplan.“Parisisnotanti－car，butanti－pollution”，saysJean－LouisMissika，theheadofplanningatcityhall.Pollutionlevelsinthecityareespeciallyhigh.Withitsnarrowstreets，thegovernmentistryingitsbesttoreducecarsthatdonotcarrypassengers.Fully80%ofcarsrunningincentralPariscarryonlyoneperson，and79%ofthoseonitsroadsareprivatelyowned.BlaBlaCar，aFrenchride－sharingstartup，recentlyintroducedBlaBlalines，anewappproducedtohelppeoplewhotraveltoandfromworksharecars.ThewaragainstcarsstartedbyMsHidalgoisalsoarethinkofhowthecityshouldstartanagethatwillbeshapedbyelectriccarsanddriverlesstransport.“Itwillbeasgreatasthechangefromhorse－drawncarriages(馬車)tocars.”saysMr.Missika.Heexpectstoseethefirstdriverlesssix－persontaxisinParisnextyear，andsaysthatcityhallwillbanprivatelyownedcarsinthecentreby2025－30.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇時(shí)文報(bào)道。法國巴黎市政府為了減少污染和道路擁堵而采取了許多措施來鼓勵(lì)人們騎自行車出行。其中一個(gè)主要措施就是“反汽車之戰(zhàn)”。5.WhatdoesParagraph1trytoshow?A.ThemodernlifeofParis.B.TheheavytrafficinParis.C.ThegreatsceneryofParis.D.ThereductionofcarsinParis.答案D[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知在法國巴黎的塞納河畔，在以前，沿河道路經(jīng)常擁堵，但是現(xiàn)在，該道路的其中一條車道留給了自行車。此舉的目的是緩解該道路的擁堵。]6.WhyhavesomeactionsmentionedinParagraph3beentaken?A.Toavoidcaraccidents.B.Toencouragebikeriding.C.Tomakepeopleliveacomfortablelife.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpublictransport答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句可知巴黎市政府計(jì)劃到2020年把自行車出行的占比由5%提高到15%。為實(shí)現(xiàn)該目標(biāo)，政府采取了延長了一些主路自行車道、把單向自行車道改為雙向的、關(guān)閉部分汽車車道等措施。這些都是為了鼓勵(lì)人們騎車出行。]7.WhatisthegovernmentdoingtoreducepollutionaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Ithasclosedsomenarrowstreets.B.Ithasbannedprivatelyownedcars.C.Itdiscouragescarswithoutpassengers.D.Itencouragespublictransportjourneys.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的前三句可知政府為了減少污染不鼓勵(lì)汽車不載客運(yùn)營。]8.WhatisMr.Missika’sattitudetowardthewaragainstcars?A.Heisuncertainaboutit.B.Hehashighhopesforit.C.Heisagainstit.D.Hedoubtsit.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中MsHidalgo希望看到明年的6人無人駕駛汽車，可知他對(duì)“反汽車戰(zhàn)”還是抱有希望的。]Ⅴ.完形填空Whatisthedifferencebetween“entertainment”and“hobbies”？Well，entertainment__1__tobemoreorlesspassive(被動(dòng)的)，whilehobbiesaremore__2__.WatchingTVormaybeaDVDcontinuestobethemost__3__formofhomeentertainmentintheUSA.AccordingtoUSgovernmentstatistics，watchingTVwastheleisureactivity(休閑活動(dòng))that__4__mosttime(2.8hoursperday)，makingupabouthalfofallleisuretimeforthoseaged15andover.__5__，suchasvisitingfriendsorchattingonline，wasthenextmost__6__leisureactivity，accountingfornearlythreequartersofanhourperday.Menweremorelikelythanwomentobe__7__spectatorsports(觀賞性體育)—21percent__8__withafigureof16percentforwomen.Not__9__，onanaverageday，adultsaged75andoverspent7.8hoursonleisureactivities，morethananyotheragegroup.Becauseofthe__10__ofworkandmanagingahousehold，35－to44－year－oldspent__11__4.3hoursonleisureactivities，lessthananyotheragegroup.__12__spentreadingforpersonalinterestandplayingvideogamesorusingacomputerforleisure__13__greatlybyagegroup.Individualsaged75＋averaged1.0hourofreadingperweekenddayand26minutesplayinggamesorusingacomputerforleisure.__14__，peopleaged15to19readforanaverageofonlyfiveminutesperweekendday，__15__spending1.0hourplayinggamesorusingacomputerforleisure.Thispatternisalreadybeginningto__16__.Justafewyearsago，computergamesandvisitingsocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookorMySpacewerealmostonlya(n)_