專四語(yǔ)法第13節(jié)

第十三節(jié)虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用來(lái)表達(dá)假設(shè)、主觀愿望、猜測(cè)、建議、可能或純粹的空想等非真實(shí)情況。if非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.if非真實(shí)條件句的基本用法由if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)的事實(shí)進(jìn)行假設(shè)時(shí)，主句與從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式可以分為以下三類(lèi)：假設(shè)類(lèi)型條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（be用were）should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had+過(guò)去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，（should+）動(dòng)詞原形，wereto+動(dòng)詞原形should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形Thevictimwouldhavehadachancetosurviveifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.遇難者如果及時(shí)送往醫(yī)院，他本來(lái)就有機(jī)會(huì)活下來(lái)的。（與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）IfIknewhistelephonenumber」wouldtellyou如果我知道他的電話號(hào)碼，我會(huì)告訴你。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）IfthereshouldbeaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.如果下周日下大雪的話，我們就不去滑冰了。（表將來(lái)）［專四真題］Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English mucheasiertolearn.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen譯文：如果沒(méi)有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)就會(huì)更容易了。分析：本題表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。表現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，條件從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句使用should（would）+動(dòng)詞原形，故B為答案。A項(xiàng)couldhavebeen是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，與從句所表示的現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不吻合；C項(xiàng)willbe不可以用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中；D是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣從句形式。省略if的虛擬條件句的用法在虛擬條件句中，如果從句中含有were,had或should等詞時(shí)，可將if省去，把were,had或should等提到主句之前，引起倒裝。如果句中沒(méi)有were,had或should等，則不能省略if，也不能用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。［專四真題］ forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemightpassedtheexam.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn'titbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot譯文：要不是因?yàn)樗嗔送?，他或許已經(jīng)通過(guò)了考試。分析：由于主語(yǔ)從句使用了mighthavedone結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明此句表示的內(nèi)容與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故條件狀語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該使用haddone結(jié)構(gòu)。若要將虛擬條件句中的連詞省去，則需將助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，否定詞位置不變，因此A項(xiàng)Haditnotbeen為正確答案。錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句有些時(shí)候，條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，比如一個(gè)是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，一個(gè)是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的。這時(shí)，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)自己所指的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M形式。如：Iftheyhadinvitedme,Iwouldgowiththemnow.如果他邀請(qǐng)過(guò)我，我現(xiàn)在就和他們一起走了。［專四真題］ ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?A．Wouldyoubesurprised B.WereyousurprisedC.HadyoubeensurprisedD.Wouldyoubeensurprised譯文：如果我昨天不事先打招呼就來(lái)了，你會(huì)覺(jué)得吃驚嗎？分析：這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句。從句是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，而主句問(wèn)的是回答者現(xiàn)在的感受，因此主句應(yīng)該為Wouldyoubesurprised,答案為A。介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)表示虛擬條件有些介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)隱含條件之義，其虛擬形式與if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句類(lèi)似，需根據(jù)從句所用的時(shí)態(tài)，來(lái)選擇主句的謂語(yǔ)形式。這些詞包括：without（沒(méi)有），butfor（要不是）,intheabsenceof（如果沒(méi)有），wereitnotfor（要是沒(méi)有）,butthat（若不是）等。Butfortheirhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime要不是他們的幫助，我們就不可能按時(shí)完成那項(xiàng)工作。（表過(guò)去）Withoutelectricity,therewouldnotbemodernindustry沒(méi)有電，就沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代工業(yè)。（表現(xiàn)在）Intheabsenceofgravity,therewouldbenoairaroundtheearth如果沒(méi)有重力，地球周?chē)蜎](méi)有空氣。（表現(xiàn)在）賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主要形式為：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were）。表示對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“had+過(guò)去分詞”或“could/wouldhave+過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)將來(lái)的愿望時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”SometimesIwishIlivedinadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.有時(shí)候我希望自己生活在一個(gè)不同的時(shí)間和空間里。（表現(xiàn)在）IwishIwereasstrongasyou我希望像你一樣健壯。（表現(xiàn)在）Hedidn'tgototheparty,buthedoeswishhehadbeentheie.他沒(méi)有去舞會(huì)，不過(guò)他很希望自己當(dāng)時(shí)在那里。（表過(guò)去）Iwishpriceswouldcomedown我希望物價(jià)能降下來(lái)。（表將來(lái)）hadhoped表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，意為“本來(lái)想要，但愿”，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句用“would+動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬。IhadhopedthatIwouldn'tboreyoubytalkingaboutmychildren.但愿我談?wù)撐业暮⒆記](méi)有使你厭倦。wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon,mightaswell,wouldprefer之后的兵語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示愿望，意為“寧愿”，“但愿”。表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望：wouldrather/sooner+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were）；表示對(duì)過(guò)去的愿望：wouldrather/sooner+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)。IwouldratherIhadnotgonetothepartyyesterdayevening.要是我昨天晚上沒(méi)有去參加那個(gè)晚會(huì)就好了。（表過(guò)去）Iwouldrather/sooneryoucametomorrow我寧愿你明天來(lái)。（表將來(lái)）在表示命令、建議或要求等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)形式為“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：ask（要求），advise（建議），suggest（建議），request（請(qǐng)求；要求），commend（推薦），decide（決定），determine（決定），insist（堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為），intend（打算），prefer（更喜歡；寧愿），propose（提議），order（命令），recommend（推薦），imagine（想象）等。Isuggestedthatyou（should）trytounderstandhim.我曾建議你試著去理解他。Theydemandedthattheaggressortroops（should）bewithdrawnimmediately.他們要求立即撤出侵略軍?！緦Ｋ恼骖}】Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments tohimbeforelunch.besentB.weresentC.weretobesentD.mustbesent譯文：我老板下令午飯前必須交給他那些法律文件。分析：若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為suggest,demand,order,propose,request等表示建議、要求、命令等語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”因此選A。主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于主語(yǔ)從句的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)是“Itis+形容詞/名詞/過(guò)去分詞+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”，主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”適用此結(jié)構(gòu)的詞包括：形容詞：advisable（可取的，明智的），appropriate（適當(dāng)?shù)模?，desirable（想要的），essential（必需的），fundamental（基本的），imperative（命令的），important（重要的），necessary（必要的），proper（適當(dāng)?shù)模?，urgent（緊急的，急迫的），vital（至關(guān)重要的）等。名詞：apity（可惜），ashame（恥辱；羞愧），nowonderthat（難怪）等。過(guò)去分詞：arranged（安排，計(jì)劃），desired（渴望），requested（請(qǐng)求），suggested（建議），recommended（推薦），required（必需），demanded（要求）等。Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms（should）besentasearlyaspossible.重要的是把這些申請(qǐng)表盡早寄出去。Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresident（should）beappointedforthiscollege.大家非常希望一位新校長(zhǎng)來(lái)管理這所大學(xué)?！緦Ｋ恼骖}】Itisimperativethatthegovernment moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.attracts B.shallattract C.attractD.hastoattract譯文：勢(shì)在必行的是，政府應(yīng)該在船塢制造業(yè)吸引更多的投資。分析：Itisimperativethat-表明that從句需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其形式為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”其中should可以省略，故答案為C。表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表示建議、命令、主張、目的、愿望等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式為（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”這類(lèi)名詞有：suggestion（建議），proposal（提議，建議），requirement（要求），order（命令）,demand（要求），decision（決定），advice（建議），desire（要求），idea（主意），importance（重要性），instruction（指示），necessity（需要；必需），motion（提議），preference（優(yōu)先考慮），recommendation（推薦；建議），resolution（解決），request（要求）等。Hisdesireisthathe（should）beburiednexttohiswife.他希望死后與妻子合葬。Thesuggestionthatthemayor（should）presenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.每個(gè)人都接受了讓市長(zhǎng)來(lái)頒獎(jiǎng)的建議?！緦Ｋ恼骖}】Heleftordersthatnothing toucheduntilthepolicearrivedhere.A.shouldbe B.oughttobeC.mustbeD.wouldbe譯文：他留下命令說(shuō)警察到這里之前不得碰任何東西。分析：orders表明其后同位語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”故選項(xiàng)A正確。狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句的內(nèi)容并非現(xiàn)實(shí)，則需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表示從句與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were或動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；表示從句動(dòng)作可能在將來(lái)發(fā)生，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“could/would+動(dòng)詞原形”表示從句謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+過(guò)去分詞”。

Itseemsasifitwas（were）springalready.現(xiàn)在仿佛已經(jīng)是春天了。（表現(xiàn)在）Itseemsasifhewouldrecover.看來(lái)他好像會(huì)康復(fù)。（表將來(lái)）ItseemsasifshehadbeentoEngland.好像她到過(guò)英國(guó)似的。（表過(guò)去）*注意：asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，若說(shuō)話人對(duì)從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容較有把握，則用陳述語(yǔ)氣。如:Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看來(lái)要下雨了。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在evenif,as等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)可參照由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件從句的謂語(yǔ)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)或動(dòng)詞原形。注意evenif從句里可用虛擬動(dòng)詞表示與事實(shí)相反，eventhough則是就事論事，不用虛擬。Evenifheweremybrother,Iwouldnottrusthim.即使他是我哥哥，我也不會(huì)信任他。（他不是我哥哥）Eventhoughheismybrother,Idon'ttrusthim.盡管他是我哥哥，我還是不信任他。（事實(shí)上他是我哥哥）Evenifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tchangeourplans.即使明天下雨，我們也不會(huì)改變計(jì)劃。EvenifIhadmethim,Iwouldn'thavetoldhimaboutourplan.即使我見(jiàn)過(guò)他，我也不會(huì)告訴他我們的計(jì)劃?！緦Ｋ恼骖}】Muchas ,Icouldn'tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn'thavethatmuchsparecash.A.Iwouldhavelikedto B.IwouldliketohaveC.IshouldhavetolikeD.IshouldhavelikedtoC.IshouldhavetolikeD.Ishouldhavelikedto［譯文］盡管我很想借錢(qián)給他，但是沒(méi)法借，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有那么多的閑錢(qián)。【詳解】muchas引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管”，該從句為與過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)使用wouldhavedone，故答案為A,其中to后省略了lendhimthemoney以避免重復(fù)。D項(xiàng)表示“應(yīng)該”，而不表意愿。3.在whatever,whichever,whenever,whoever,wherever,however,no3.在whatever,whichever,whenever,whoever,wherever,however,nomatterwh-等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為"may+動(dòng)詞原形（指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)）"或"may+完成式（指過(guò)去），主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。Iwillbewaitingforhimnomatterhowlatehemaycome不管他來(lái)得多么晚，我都會(huì)一直等他。在though,although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為should+動(dòng)詞原形，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。AlthoughThoughheshouldoftenbelate,heisagoodstudent.盡管他經(jīng)常遲到，他還是個(gè)好學(xué)生。lest,incase,forfearthat以防，萬(wàn)一，唯恐引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形。Lestforfearthat從句中的should可以省去，incase從句中的should通常不省略，但是incase引導(dǎo)的從句也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Hetooktheraincoatwithhimlestit（should）rain他帶上了雨衣，以防下雨。Iobeyedherlestshe（should）beangry我得順著她，免得她生氣。IwillnotmakeanoiseforfearthatI（should）disturbyou我不會(huì)做聲的，以免打擾你。Incasehecomes,letmeknow萬(wàn)一他來(lái)了，告訴我一聲。（陳述語(yǔ)氣）其他句型中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Itis（high/about）time結(jié)構(gòu)在Itis（high/about）timethat...后面跟虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用一般過(guò)去式，有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，意為該是干?…的時(shí)候了。如：Itishightimethatwewenthomenow.我們現(xiàn)在該回家了。*注意：句型It'sthefirst/second/thirdtimethat...表示一種經(jīng)歷，that從句要使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：It'sthefifthtimethathehasrungyouinaweek.這是他在一周之內(nèi)第5次給你打電話了。［專四真題］Thatwasnotthefirsttimeheus.Ithinkit'shightimewe strongactionsagainsthim.A.betrayed...take B.hadbetrayed...tookC.hasbetrayed...took D.hasbetrayed...take譯文：那不是他第一次背叛我們。我認(rèn)為我們?cè)搶?duì)他采取強(qiáng)硬措施了。分析：當(dāng)句子里有序數(shù)詞first/second/third...時(shí)，后面的定語(yǔ)從句要用完成時(shí)態(tài)，前一個(gè)句子是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即hadbetrayed;后一句使用了Itishightime...句型，其從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬，即took.2.ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句表示“但愿，要是??就好了”,其用法和wish基本相同，只是感情色彩更強(qiáng)烈。表示現(xiàn)在的情況，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式;表示過(guò)去的情況，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成式；表示將來(lái)的情況，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could+動(dòng)詞原形”Ifonlyhewerehere!如果他在這里就好了?。ū憩F(xiàn)在）IfonlyIhadnotbeenbusyyesterday!要是昨天我不忙該多好?。。ū磉^(guò)去）Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoouradvice.要是你會(huì)聽(tīng)我們的建議就好了。（表將來(lái)）3.intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或was/were+不定式完成式或hadintended/planned/meant/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“本計(jì)劃/打算/想要??”。Iintendedtohavecalledonyou,butIwasbusyatthattime.我本來(lái)打算要拜訪你的，但是當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。典型真題訓(xùn)練1.I thepartymuchmoreiftherehadn'tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.A.wouldenjoyB.willhaveenjoyedC.wouldhaveenjoyedD.willbeenjoyedIfyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.A.wouldbe B.willhavebeen C.wasD.wereIfyou insuchahurryyou sugarintothesauceinsteadofsalt.A.werenot,wouldnotputB.were,wouldputC.hadbeen,wouldhaveputD.hadnotbeen,wouldnothaveput theirhelp,wewouldnothavesucceeded.A.Hadn'tbeenforB.HaditnotbeenforC.Ithadn'tbeenforD.HadnotitbeenforSheaskedthatshe allowedtoseehersoninpolicecustody.A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.beD.wasItisnecessarythathe theassignmentwithoutdelay.A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandinItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continuesIfonlyI playtheguitaraswellasyou!A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.might you furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.A.If,hadB.Have,hadC.Should,haveD.Incase,hadItwasrecommendedthatpassengers smokeduringtheflight.A.notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnotIfyouhavereallybeenstudyingEnglishforsolong,it'sabouttimeyou abletowritelettersinEnglish.A.shouldbeB.wereC.mustbeD.areIwastohavemadeaspeechif .A.IwasnotcalledawayB.nobodywouldhavecalledmeawayC.IhadnotbeencalledawayD.nobodycalledmeawayIt'sgettinglate.I'dratheryou now.A.leftB.leaveC.areleavingD.willleaveIt'shightimewe cuttingdowntherainforests.A.stoppedB.hadtostopC.shallstopD.stopIfonlythepatient adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceivingyouradvice,IwouldhavemadethewrongdecisionA.Hadn'titbeenforB.HaditnotbeenforC.HaditbeenforD.Hadnotitbeenfor“IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'twaittoproposetoher.”Thesubjunctivemoodinthesentenceisusedto .A.alleviatehostilityB.expressunfavorablefeelingsC.indicateuncertaintyD.makeasuggestionAtthatmoment,withthecrowdwatchingme,Iwasnotafraidintheordinarysense,as ifI alone.A.wouldhavebeen..hadbeenB.shouldbe...hadbeenC.couldbe...wereD.mighthavebeen.were yourtimelyadvice,Iwouldneverhaveknownhowtogoaboutthework.A.Unless B.ButforC.Exceptfor D.NotforThegeneral'scommandwasthatthesoldiers__theirfortandcarryoutmoreimportanttask.A.wouldleaveB.leaveC.leftD.haveleftIt'sdesiredthatshe toteachusatleasttwiceaweek.A.comesB.willcomC.comeD.maycomeWhichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood? .Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock?Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.Walkstraightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.23.IfIknewJapanese,I fortheposition.A.wouldapplyB.willapplyC.mayhaveappliedD.willhaveappliedHewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.A.hadhadB.has C.hadD.wouldhave___,hewouldnothaverecoveredsoquickly.A.Hadn'thebeentakengoodcareofB.HadhenotbeentakengoodcareofC.HadnothebeentakengoodcareofD.Hadhebeennottakengoodcareof虛擬語(yǔ)氣模擬練習(xí)題1.___myumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbesowetnow.A.HadItakenB.WillItakeC.HaveItakenD.WouldItaken2.ProfessorJamessuggestedthathisstudents acompositionaboutairpollution.A.writeB.towriteC.wroteD.hadwritten3.Ifyouhadtoldthetruthtoyourprincipal,he abletogiveyoumuchbettersuggestionsthanIcan.A.wereB.wasC.willhavebeenD.wouldbe4.TheartexhibitionwasnotasgoodasIhadexpected.IwishI toit.A.hadn'tgoneB.haven'tgoneC.didn'tgoD.couldnothavegoneIfHenry___undertheladdertocatchherwhenshefell,shecouldn'tbesmilinglikethisnow.A.didn'tstoodB.hadn'tstoodC.doesn'tstoodD.hasn'tstoodAllsubstances, ,liquidororsolid,aremadeupofatoms.A.betheygasesB.whethertheyaregasesC.theyaregasesD.theycanbegasesPutanextrablanketoverthebabyforfearthat A.hecatchescoldB.heshouldcatchcoldC.hecaughtcoldD.hebecatchingcoldHelen___withherclassifshehadbeenabletomeetallofthecourserequirementintime.A.willgraduateB.wouldhavegraduatedC.wouldgraduateD.hasgraduatedLookattheterriblesituationIamin.IfonlyI youradvice.A.followB.hadfollowedC.wouldfollowD.havefollowedIfyou___morethanaweektotakecareofyourbabyinthehospital,askthetopmanagerforaleave.A.willneedB.wouldneedC.shouldneedD.shallneedItisessentialthatmisunderstanding___duringbusinessnegotiationsA.beavoidedB.isavoidedC.willbeavoidedD.hastobeavoided12.Idon'tthinkitisadvisablethatshe___herlittlebabyofhisfreedomtospendthesparetimeashewish.A.depriveB.deprivesC.deprivedD.hasdeprived13.___ifIhadattendedyourhomepartyyesterdaywithoutinformingyoubeforehandA.WouldyouhavebeensurprisedB.HadyoubeensurprisedC.Wereyousurprised D.Wouldyoubesurprised14.Itisrecommendedthattheproject___untilallthepreparationshavebeenm