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高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解析:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析

短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查主要涉及不定式符號(hào)to的有無(wú),介詞后該使用動(dòng)詞的什

么形式(用動(dòng)名詞),并列結(jié)構(gòu)中幾個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否一致,動(dòng)詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用何種形式(可

用動(dòng)名詞或不定式,但不能用動(dòng)詞原形)等。

二、真題單句歸納

(1)DavidandIwantedgoofftofindhelpbutBillinsistedonstayingnearthecar.

(wanted后加to,因?yàn)閣ant后要接不定式)(全國(guó)卷)

(2)...ratherthangointotheforestandgettinglost.(getting改get,因?yàn)間et與其前

的g。并列)(全國(guó)卷)

(3)Davidpointedtoapathwhichhethoughtwouldprobablyleadingtoavillage.

(leading改為lead,因?yàn)槠淝坝兄鷦?dòng)詞would)(全國(guó)卷)

(4)IwentbacktogetDavidandhelpedhimtostoodup.(stood改為stand,區(qū)|為to

standup在此為不定式結(jié)構(gòu))(全國(guó)卷)

(5)CharlesandLindaMasondoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuilding,(climbed

改為climb/climbing,若將aswellas視為連詞,則將climbed改為climb,因?yàn)樗c其前

的do并列;若將aswellas視為介詞,則climbing,因?yàn)榻樵~后動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞)(全國(guó)

卷)

(6)Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth,havebetterfood,andtoliveinclearer

surroundings.(去掉live前的to,因?yàn)閘ive與其前的know,have并列)(全國(guó)卷)

(7)TheWorldHealthOrganizationandotherorganizationsareworkingimprovehealth

allovertheworld,(improve前力Uto,toimprove…為表目的的不定式短語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)

(8)...youpaythecostofsendapostcard,thelibrarianwillwritetoyou.(send改為

sending,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)

(9)...andletyoutoknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned(去掉know前的to,

因?yàn)槠淝坝袆?dòng)詞let)(全國(guó)卷)

(10)Iwanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.(have

改為having,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)

(11)Ihadalwayswantedreturntothevillageaftermovingaway.(return前力Uto,因

為want后要接不定式)(全國(guó)卷)

(12)Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome,

(drove改為drive,因?yàn)閐rive與其前的tomeet并列,此處的drive為省略to的不定式)

(全國(guó)卷)

(13)Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon,(hear改為hearing,因?yàn)槠淝暗膖o是介

詞)(全國(guó)卷)

(14)Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogivesusasenseof

fairplayandteamspirit.(第一個(gè)play改為playing,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形不能用作主語(yǔ))(全國(guó)

卷)

(15)Iwasoftenalittletiredafteraday'sworkandwatchTVdemandsverylittleeffort,

(watch改為watching,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形不能用作主語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)

(16)rdlikeverymuchcomebutIhaveanexaminationonMondaymorning,(come前

加to,因?yàn)閣ouldlike后接不定式)(北京春季卷)

(17)rilspendthewholeweekendreadingandprepareforit.(prepare改為preparing,

因?yàn)樗c其前的reading并列,與其前所用的動(dòng)詞spend有關(guān))(北京春季卷)

(18)Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysterieslookinto,(look前加to,此處為不定式

作后置定語(yǔ))(北京春季卷)

(19)Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.

(learn改為learning,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(北京春季卷)

(20)MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgeta

goodeducation,(make前加to,因?yàn)閠omake...在此用作目的狀語(yǔ),注意句型doallone

cantodosth.)(全國(guó)卷)

(21)Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople,(want后力「to,因?yàn)閣ant后要

接不定式)(北京春季卷)

(22)Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.(making改為made,因?yàn)槿?/p>

謂語(yǔ),不能用非謂語(yǔ)形式,根據(jù)上下文用一般過(guò)去時(shí))(北京春季卷)

(23)Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.

(visiting改為visited,因?yàn)樗c其前的fed和其后的told并列)(全國(guó)卷)

(24)Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.(go改為

going,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形不能用作主語(yǔ))(安徽春季卷)

(25)...childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.

(read改為reading,因?yàn)榻樵~后要接動(dòng)名詞)(年北京春季卷)

(26)...tomakechildrentowantthingsthattheydon'treallyneed.(want前的to,

因?yàn)閣ant…在此用作使役動(dòng)詞make的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(年北京春季卷)

(27)SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfin

simpleEnglish.(talk改為talking,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞enjoy后要接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)

(28)Shakeherhead,shesaid,uItisn'tagoodtimetodothat,dear.”(Shake改

為Shaking,現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨)(江蘇卷)

(29)It'slikegoingtoahugelibrarywithouthavetowalkaroundtofindyourbooks.

(have改為having,介詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(廣西卷)

(30)IamthinkingofmakingatriptoLondon,andvisittheBritishMuseumandsome

parks.(visit改為visiting,因visit與making并列,作介詞of的賓語(yǔ))(四川卷)

(31)Ihavesomerecordsgivingtomeasbirthdaygifts,(giving改為given,“把某物給

某人'是givesth.tosb.;句中records與give是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞)

(32)Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomandgivelessonstolovelyboys

andgirls,(give改為giving,因它與standing并列,作dreamof的賓語(yǔ))

三、模擬單句演練

(1)Inthosedayswewereforcedworktwelvehoursaday.

(2)It'sverydifficultforaforeignerlearnChinese.

(3)Itwassillyofyoubelievewhathesaid.

(4)Hewasmadewashtheboss'scaronceaday.

(5)rilletyoutoknowassoonasIhearfromher.

(6)Iwavedtoherbutfailedattractherattention.

(7)Ihavealreadyseenthefilmtwice.Idon'twantseeitanymore.

(8)WhatIwantknowiswhenallthishappened.

(9)Itwasclearthathewantedbealone.

(10)Mostchildrenareinterestedinlistentostories.

(11)Walkquicklyisdifficultforanoldman.

(13)Becarefulincrossthestreet.

(14)Thefilmisveryinteresting.Itisworthseetwice.

(15)Findworkisverydifficultthesedays.

(16)MostofusstudentsenjoyaskquestionsinEnglish.

(17)Look,someofmyclassmatesarepractisingspeakEnglishoverthere.

(18)Teachachildtosinganddanceisveryinteresting.

(19)LearntospeakEnglishismoredifficult由antowriteit.

(20)MyfriendJimisverygoodatmakingthingsandrepairthings.

(21)Hedecidedtogotothesouth,findagoodjobandlivingthere.

(22)Itwasverykindofyoutobuyussomemuchfruitandseeingusatthestation.

(23)Excuseme,wouldyoutotellmethewaytothezoo?

「參考答案」

(1)work前加to,此句為forcesb.todosth.的被動(dòng)形式。

(2)learn前加to,此句用的是it4sdifficultforsb.todosth.句型。

(3)believe前加to,此句用的是it'ssillyofsb.todosth.句型。

(4)wash前加to,makesb.dosth.中的do不能帶to,但若make用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),

則其后的do要帶to.

(5)去掉to,因?yàn)閘et后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式不能帶to.

(6)attract前加to,failtodosth.意為“未能做某事

(7)see前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。

(8)know前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。

(9)be前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。

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