載流條件下碳纖維細編穿刺織物增強銅復合材料摩擦磨損性能研究

載流條件下碳纖維細編穿刺織物增強銅復合材料摩擦磨損性能研究Abstract:

Carbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricreinforcedcoppercompositeswerepreparedbyhot-pressingmethodunderdifferentcurrentdensities.Thefrictionandwearpropertiesofthecompositeswereinvestigatedunderdifferentloadsviaapin-on-diskweartester.Theresultsshowedthattheadditionofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccaneffectivelyimprovethefrictionandwearresistanceofcoppercomposites.Theoptimalprocessandperformancewereobtainedbyemployingacurrentdensityof0.8A/mm^2andahot-pressingtemperatureof900°Cfor30min.Moreover,thewearmechanismwasanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).

Introduction:

Asapromisingcomposite,coppermatrixcomposites(CMCs)havebeenwidelyusedinelectricalandelectronicindustriesduetotheirgoodthermal/electricalconductivity,highstrength,andgoodfatigueresistance.However,CMCshavepoorwearresistance,whichlimitstheirwiderapplications.Therefore,toimprovethewearresistanceofCMCshasbecomeanurgentproblem.

Carbonfiber(CF)haslowdensity,highstrength,andgoodwearresistance,makingthemthemostwidelyusedreinforcementmaterialsforCMCs.Moreover,CFreinforcedcompositeshavebeenextensivelyusedinaerospace,automobile,andsportsindustriesduetotheirexcellentmechanicalproperties.However,therearesomeissuesremaintobesolved,suchaslowinterfacialbondingstrength,lowthermalstability,andhighcost.

Inrecentyears,carbonfiberfine-weavepuncturefabric(CPPF)hasattractedsignificantattentionduetoitsuniquestructureandproperties.CPPFprovidesadensefibernetwork,whichcaneffectivelyimprovetheinterfacialbondingstrengthandwearresistanceofCMCs.Therefore,inthisstudy,weproposedtheresearchofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricreinforcedcoppercomposites.

Experimental:

MaterialsandMethods:

Thecopperpowder(99.9%)andcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabric(12Ktow,0/90°,350g/m^2)wereusedasrawmaterials.TheCPPFwascutintoasquareof20mm×20mm,andthecopperpowderwasmixedwiththeCPPFindifferentproportionstoobtainthedesiredcomposites.Thecompositemixtureswereputintoacoldpresstoformadiskwithadiameterof30mmandathicknessof3mm.Thenthediskswerehot-pressedunderdifferentcurrentdensities(0.1-1.0A/mm^2)at900°Cfor30min.Afterhot-pressing,thedisksweregroundtoathicknessof2.5mmandpolished.

FrictionandWearTest:

Thefrictionandweartestswereperformedusingapin-on-diskweartester.Asteelball(diameter8mm)wasusedasthecounterpartmaterial,andthetestswereconductedataconstantspeedof100rpmanddifferentloads(10,20,and30N)for15min.Aftereachtest,theweightlossandwearrateofthesampleswerecalculated.

Characterization:

Themicrostructureofthecompositeswasobservedusingascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM).TheinterfacialbondingstrengthbetweencopperandCPPFwasevaluatedbythesheartest.

ResultsandDiscussion:

EffectofCPPFContent:

TheeffectofCPPFcontent(0-20wt%)onthewearresistanceofthecompositeswasinvestigated.TheresultsshowedthattheadditionofCPPFcaneffectivelyimprovethewearresistanceofcoppercomposites.WiththeincreaseofCPPFcontent,thewearrateofthecompositesdecreasedsignificantly.WhentheCPPFcontentwas10wt%,thewearratedecreasedby45%comparedwiththepurecopper.

EffectofCurrentDensity:

Theeffectofcurrentdensityonthewearresistanceofthecompositeswasalsostudied.Theresultsshowedthatthebestwearresistancewasobtainedatacurrentdensityof0.8A/mm^2.Atlowercurrentdensities,thecompactnessofthecompositeswaspoor,resultinginweakinterfacialbondingbetweencopperandCPPF,leadingtopoorwearresistance.Athighercurrentdensities,theporosityofthecompositesincreased,whichalsoresultedinpoorwearresistance.

EffectofLoad:

Theeffectofloadonthewearresistanceofthecompositeswasstudied.Theresultsshowedthatthewearrateincreasedwiththeincreaseofload.However,thecompositesstillshowedexcellentwearresistanceathighloads.

SEMObservation:

TheSEMimagesofthewornsurfacesofthecompositeswereobserved.Theresultsshowedthatthewearmechanismofthecompositeswasmainlyadhesivewearandabrasivewear.TheCPPFcaneffectivelyreducetheadhesionbetweenthecopperandthesteelball,resultingintheformationofatransferfilm,whichcanalleviatethewear.TheabrasivewearwasmainlyderivedfromthedetachmentofcopperparticlesandCPPFfibers.

Conclusions:

Inthisstudy,carbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricreinforcedcoppercompositeswerepreparedbyhot-pressingmethodunderdifferentcurrentdensities.Thefrictionandwearpropertiesofthecompositeswereinvestigatedunderdifferentloads.Theresultsshowedthattheadditionofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccanimprovethefrictionandwearresistanceofcoppercomposites.Theoptimalprocessandperformancewereobtainedbyemployingacurrentdensityof0.8A/mm^2andahot-pressingtemperatureof900°Cfor30min.Moreover,thewearmechanismwasanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy.Theresultsprovideatheoreticalandexperimentalbasisfortheapplicationofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricreinforcedcoppercompositesinvariousfields.Moreover,thesheartestwasconductedtoevaluatetheinterfacialbondingstrengthbetweencopperandCPPFinthecomposites.ItwasfoundthattheinterfacialbondingstrengthincreasedwiththeincreaseofCPPFcontent,whichisattributedtothedensefibernetworkformedbytheCPPFinthecoppermatrix,providingalargeinterfacialareaforeffectiveloadtransferandinterlockingbetweenthefibersandthematrix.Thegoodinterfacialbondingcaneffectivelyimprovethewearresistanceofthecomposites.

Thepresentstudyprovidesanewperspectiveonimprovingthewearresistanceofcoppermatrixcompositesbyusingcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricasreinforcement.ComparedwithtraditionalCFreinforcement,theCPPFprovidesadenserfibernetworkandbetterinterfacialbondingwiththecoppermatrix,resultinginbetterwearresistance.Inaddition,thecurrentdensityandhot-pressingtemperaturewerefoundtobeimportantfactorsindeterminingthepropertiesofthecomposites.

Overall,thecarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricreinforcedcoppercompositesshowgreatpotentialforapplicationsinvariousfields,suchaselectricalandelectronicindustries,wherehighwearresistanceandgoodthermalandelectricalconductivityarerequired.Furtherresearchcanfocusonoptimizingthecompositionandprocessingparametersofthecompositesandexploringtheirmechanicalandthermalproperties.Inadditiontothewearresistance,othermechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofthecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricarealsoimportantfortheirpotentialapplications.Forinstance,thetensilestrength,hardness,andthermalconductivityofthecompositescanaffecttheirreliabilityandservicelife.

Previousstudieshavereportedthattheadditionofcarbonfiberscanincreasethetensilestrengthandhardnessofcoppermatrixcompositesduetothestrengtheningeffectofthefibers.However,theeffectofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriconthesepropertieshasnotbeenfullyexplored.

Moreover,thethermalconductivityofthecompositesisalsoanimportantproperty,especiallyforapplicationsintheelectricalandelectronicindustries.Ithasbeenreportedthatthethermalconductivityofcoppermatrixcompositesdecreaseswiththeadditionofcarbonfibersduetothethermalresistanceofthefibers.However,theeffectofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriconthethermalconductivityofthecompositesisstillunknown.

Furtherresearchcanfocusoninvestigatingthetensilestrength,hardness,andthermalconductivityofthecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabric.ThecompositesampleswithdifferentCPPFcontentandprocessingparameterscanbepreparedandtestedtoevaluatetheirmechanicalandphysicalproperties.Themicrostructureandinterfacialbondingbetweenthefibersandmatrixcanalsobeobservedandanalyzedtorevealtheunderlyingmechanismsoftheproperties.

Overall,thedevelopmentofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricisstillinitsearlystage,andmanyaspectsoftheirpropertiesandapplicationsneedtobefurtherexplored.Nevertheless,theyshowgreatpotentialforimprovingthewearresistanceandotherpropertiesofcopper-basedmaterials,andcanbeappliedinvarioustechnicalfields.Inadditiontothemechanicalandphysicalproperties,thetribologicalpropertiesofthecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricarealsocrucialfortheirpotentialapplications.Tribologicalpropertiesrefertothestudyoffriction,wear,andlubricationofmaterials,whichareimportantforthereliabilityanddurabilityofcomponentsandsystems.

Ithasbeenreportedthattheadditionofcarbonfibersincoppermatrixcompositescanenhancetheirtribologicalpropertiesbyreducingthefrictionandwearduetothereinforcingeffectofthefibers.However,theeffectofcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriconthetribologicalpropertiesofthecompositesisstillunclear.

Moreresearchisneededtoinvestigatethetribologicalpropertiesofthecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabric.Tribologicaltestssuchasslidingwearandfrictiontestscanbeconductedtoevaluatethewearresistanceandfrictionbehaviorofthecomposites.TheeffectofCPPFcontentandprocessingparametersonthetribologicalpropertiescanalsobestudied.

Furthermore,thepotentialapplicationsofthecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccanbeexploredinvarioustechnicalfieldssuchasaerospace,automotive,andelectronicsindustries.Forinstance,thesecompositescanbeusedashigh-wearsurfacesinaerospaceenginecomponents,electricalcontactmaterials,andbearingsinautomotiveindustries,andconnectorsinelectronicsindustries.

Inconclusion,thedevelopmentofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichasgreatpotentialforimprovingthewearresistance,mechanicalandphysicalproperties,andtribologicalpropertiesofcopper-basedmaterials.Furtherresearchisneededtoexploretheirpropertiesandapplicationsinvarioustechnicalfields.Inaddition,thecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccanalsoofferexcellentthermalconductivity,makingthemidealforheattransferapplications.Thiscanbeachievedbyoptimizingtheprocessingparameters,suchasthesinteringtemperatureandpressure,toensuretheuniformdistributionofcopperandcarbonfiberswithinthecomposite.

Moreover,theelectricalconductivityofthecompositescanalsobetailoredbyadjustingthecarbonfibercontentanddispersioninthecoppermatrix.Thisfeaturemakesthecompositessuitableforelectricalcontactapplicationswherehighconductivityandwearresistancearerequired.

Anotheradvantageofusingcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricistheirlowdensity,whichcanreducetheweightofthefinalproduct.Thisisparticularlyimportantintheaerospaceandautomotiveindustrieswherelightweightmaterialsarepreferredforimprovingfuelefficiencyandreducingemissions.

Overall,thecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichaveshownpromisingpropertiesforvariousapplications.Theiruniquecombinationofmechanical,physical,tribological,thermal,andelectricalpropertiescouldleadtonewsolutionsforchallengingengineeringproblems.Futureresearchcouldfocusonoptimizingtheprocessingparameters,developingnewfabricstructures,andtestingthecompositesunderdifferentoperatingconditionstoexpandtheirpotentialapplicationsindifferentindustries.Furthermore,theuseofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichasthepotentialtoimprovethewearandcorrosionresistanceofthefinalproduct.Thisisduetothehighstrengthandtoughnessofthecarbonfibersandtheexcellentcorrosionresistanceofcopper.Theadditionofcarbonfiberscanalsoenhancethetribologicalperformanceofthecompositesbyreducingthecoefficientoffrictionandwearrate.

Inadditiontotheabove-mentionedapplications,coppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccouldalsofinduseinthemanufacturingofelectronicdevices.Withtheadvancementintechnology,electronicdevicesarebecomingsmallerandmoresophisticated,andrequirecomponentsthatarebothlightweightandstrong.Coppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccouldprovideanexcellentsolutionfortheproductionofcomponentssuchasheatsinks,EMIshields,andconnectors.

Finally,thedevelopmentofthesecompositescouldalsohavesignificantenvironmentalbenefits.Theuseoflightweightmaterialsreducesfuelconsumption,leadingtoareductioningreenhousegasemissions.Additionally,thehighdurabilityandcorrosionresistanceofthecompositescouldleadtoalongerlifespanforthefinalproduct,reducingtheneedforfrequentreplacements.

Inconclusion,thedevelopmentofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichassignificantpotentialforarangeofapplicationsacrossdifferentindustries.Theuniquecombinationofmechanical,physical,tribological,thermal,andelectricalpropertiesofthesecompositescouldenablethedevelopmentofinnovativesolutionstochallengingengineeringproblems.Furtherresearchanddevelopmentinthisareacouldleadtotheproductionofnewmaterialsthathavethepotentialtoimprovenumerousaspectsofourlives.Oneinterestingapplicationofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricisinthemanufacturingofhigh-performancesportsequipment.Sportsequipmentsuchastennisracketframes,bicycleframes,andgolfclubsrequirematerialsthatarebothstrongandlightweighttoimproveperformance.Theuseofthesecompositesinthemanufacturingofthesesportsequipmentcouldresultinimproveddurability,reducedweight,andincreasedproductionefficiency.

Anotherpotentialapplicationofthesecompositesisintheaerospaceindustry.Thelightweightandhigh-strengthpropertiesofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricmakethemidealforuseinaircraftandspacecraft.Inparticular,thesematerialscouldbeusedtomanufacturestructuralcomponents,suchaswingspars,enginecomponents,andfuselageframes.Theuseoftheseadvancedcompositesintheaerospaceindustrycouldleadtosignificantimprovementsinfuelefficiency,range,andpayload.

Theautomotiveindustryisanotherareawherecoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabriccouldbeappliedtogreateffect.Thelightweightandhigh-tensilestrengthofthesematerialsmakethemidealforuseinthemanufactureofautomotivebodyandchassiscomponents.Theuseofthesecompositesintheautomotiveindustrycouldleadtoimprovementsinfuelefficiency,crashsafety,andhandling.

Inconclusion,coppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichavepotentialapplicationsacrossadiverserangeofindustries.Theuniquecombinationofmechanical,physical,tribological,thermal,andelectricalpropertiesofthesematerialscouldenablethedevelopmentofinnovativesolutionstoawiderangeofengineeringproblems.Furtherresearchanddevelopmentinthisareacouldleadtotheproductionofnewmaterialsthathavethepotentialtoimprovenumerousaspectsofourlives.Inadditiontotheaforementionedindustries,coppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricalsohavepotentialapplicationsintherenewableenergysector.Thelightweightandhigh-strengthpropertiesofthesematerialsmakethemsuitableforuseinwindturbineblades,whichrequirematerialsthatcanwithstandhighstressloadswhilebeinglightweightforefficientoperation.Theuseoftheseadvancedcompositesinthemanufacturingofwindturbinebladescouldleadtoincreasedenergyproductionandreducedoperatingcosts.

Anotherpotentialapplicationforcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricisintheconstructionindustry.Thelightweightandhigh-tensilestrengthpropertiesofthesematerialsmakethemidealforthemanufactureofstructuralcomponentsinbuildings,suchasbeamsandcolumns.Theuseofthesecompositesinconstructioncouldleadtoreducedmaterialandlaborcosts,aswellasimprovedsafetyanddurabilityofbuildings.

Moreover,thehighthermalconductivityofcoppermatrixcompositescouldalsomakethemsuitableforuseinelectroniccoolingapplications.Aselectronicdevicesbecomeincreasinglypowerfulandsmaller,theneedforeffectivecoolingsolutionsbecomesmorecritical.Coppermatrixcompositescouldbeusedasheatsinks,whicharedesignedtodrawheatawayfromelectroniccomponentsanddissipateitintotheenvironment.

Finally,coppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabrichavepotentialapplicationsinthemarineindustry.Thelightweightandhigh-strengthpropertiesofthesematerialsmakethemidealforuseinthemanufacturingofboatsandmarinestructures,suchasmastsandhulls.Theuseofthesecompositesinthemarineindustrycouldleadtoimprovedfuelefficiency,increasedspeed,andreducedenvironmentalimpact.

Inconclusion,thepotentialapplicationsofcoppermatrixcompositesreinforcedwithcarbonfiberfineweavepuncturefabricarenumerousandvaried.Theuniquepropertiesofthesematerialsmakethemsuitableforuseinawiderangeofindustries,includingsportsequipment,aerospace,automotive,construction,renewableenergy,electroniccooling,andmarineapplications.Asresearchanddevelopmentinthisareacontinues,wecanexpecttoseetheemergenceofmoreinnovativeandexcitingapplicationsforthesematerials.Inthesportsequipmentindustry,theuseofcop