2019-2020年中考英語專項練習(xí)：模塊十二感嘆句

2019-2020年中考英語專項練習(xí)：模塊十二感嘆句一、什么叫感嘆句感嘆句是表示喜怒哀樂等強烈感情的句子。感嘆句句末通常用感嘆號，讀時一般用降調(diào)。二、感嘆句的基本句型【句型一】What+（a/an）+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語！Whatacleverboyheis!（他是個）多么聰明的男孩??！Whataninterestingstoryitis!（這是個）多么有趣的故事??！Whatfineweatheritis!多好的天氣??！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!（它們是）多么漂亮的花?。　菊f明】在感嘆句中，Whata/an常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用an。what是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞，如rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等，當前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用whata/an，如：Whataheavyrainitis!多大的一場雨??！Whatagreatsurpriseitis!這多么令人驚奇啊！Whatarichbreakfastitis!多么豐盛的一頓早餐?。　揪湫投縃ow+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語了Howwellyoulook!你氣色真好！Howkindyouare!你心腸真好！Howbeautifullyyousing!你唱得真好聽!Strawberries!Hownice!草莓！多好呀！Howclevertheboyis!這個男孩多么聰明??！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快啊！【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：HowIwanttobeadoctor!我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生??！Howshedances!她跳得多好啊！感嘆句型總結(jié)How+形容詞+a+名詞+其他成分！How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分！What+名詞+其他成分！What+a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分！What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+其他成分！What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+其他成分！請看以下例子：①It,saninterestingfilm.這是一部有趣的電影。一Whataninterestingfilmitis!這是一部多有趣的電影?。、贗t,swonderfulweather.天氣很好。一Whatwonderfulweather!天氣真好?、跦edidtheworkcarefully.他做這工作很仔細。一Howcarefullyhedidthework!他做這工作多仔細?。、躎imepassedquickly.時間過得很快?！狧owquicklytimepassed!時間過得真快【難點】what類感嘆句省略形容詞.當其中的名詞帶有形容詞的意味時【重點】Whatluck!真幸運！Whatfools!真是些笨蛋！Whatasurprise!真是意想不到！Whatfunwecouldhave!我們玩得多開心啊.當進行批評時Whatnonsense!一派胡言！Whatashame!多可恥（惜）！Whatamess!多么臟亂啊！.當表示強調(diào)或夸張時Oh,whatalie!啊，多大的謊言！Whatanight!多糟糕的一^個晚上！.當表示蔑視時Whatamanheis!那家伙算什么！注：有時在沒有上下文，意思可能不確定。如：Whataday!看這天氣!（是褒是貶，視具體情況而定）【難點】how在感嘆句中修飾動詞感嘆句有時可用“how+主語+動詞”構(gòu)成，此是how直接用于修飾動詞。如：HowImissedyou.我多么想念你啊。Howyou,vegrown!你都長這么大啦！Howyou,vechanged!你的變化真大！Howhewishedforadrink!他多希望能有點東西喝！Howthingsgetaround!Everyonemustknowyouareintown.消息傳得多快!人們一定都知道你到城里來了（1）要修飾名詞的形容詞不能是表數(shù)量的many，much，little，few，遇此情況要用how，即使它們后面跟有名詞：Howmanybookshehas！他的書真多！Howmuchmoneyhegaveher！他給了她好多錢呀！HowlittlemoneyIhave！我的錢多么少呀！Howfewfriendshehas！他的朋友真少！比較：Whatalittleboxitis！多小巧的盒子呀?。ㄔ搇ittle不表示數(shù)量）（2）有時句中的主語和謂語可以省略：Howfast！多快呀！Hownice!多好呀！Howbeautiful!多美呀！Howniceofyoutocome!你來了真好！四.其他形式的感嘆句感嘆句除用what和how引出外，還可有其他許多形式，如可用陳述句、疑問句、祈使句等，有時甚至一個單詞或一個短語也可用作感嘆句：Stoptalking！不要講話了！Isn’titalovelyday！天氣真好！Thegardenlookssolovelytoday！這花園今天真美！Fire！失火了！Verygood！很好！Therewasnofaceshowing!He,ssuchaniceboy!TheGreatWallisamagnificentbuilding!Isn,titsnowingheavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!HappyNewYeartoyou!Cheer!「注意」陳述句用作感嘆句時，句中通常有so，such，really等加強語氣的詞語；疑問句用作感嘆句，句子多為否定疑問句形式。五、感嘆句巧解五法（1）一找■二斷■三辨■四確定：構(gòu)成感嘆句的感嘆詞有兩個：what和how，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：）What+名詞+陳述肯定式：）How+形容詞（或副詞）+陳述肯定式很多初學(xué)者常常對該用what還是該用how弄不清楚。如：①coldwaterthisis!A.How B.What②colditis!A.What B.How如果我們采取“一找二斷■三辨四確定”的方法很快就能確定該選哪個感嘆詞。“一找”即先找出句中的主語。“二斷”就是在句中的名詞（形容詞、副詞等）與代詞（或名詞）之間斷開。例如上面第一句應(yīng)在water與this中斷開（因this是指示代詞），斷開后辨別斷線前面的詞的詞性，也就是所謂“三辨”，句①中斷線前的詞是water，而water是名詞。第四步，就可迅速確定如果是名詞就選what。所以第一例句就選B。用這個方法我們會對上面第二個例句作出如下判斷：cold|itis!斷開線其前cold是形容詞，故應(yīng)填How。上面兩個例句是最基本最簡單的填空題形式。但只要掌握這個方法，即使再復(fù)雜的填空題也會迎刃而解。不過還要注意，如果斷開后，斷線前的那個中心詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，千萬別忘了在感嘆詞與名詞間加冠詞a（an）。例如：nicepresentitis!A.How B.WhatD.Whata用上述方法，從present與it之間斷開，斷線前present是名詞，且為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，nice又以輔音開頭，故選Do(2)“斷一找―去一添一改”五步法：若把一個陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句，可以采取這“五步法”。如：Thepictureisverybeautiful.斷：在陳述句中的謂語動詞后將句子斷開：Thepictureis|verybeautiful.找：劃出斷線后的中心詞是何詞類。去：中心詞是形容詞或副詞時，要把修飾該形容詞或副詞的詞去掉。(比如本句中心詞beautiful是形容詞，修飾該詞的是very，變時應(yīng)去掉very。但須注意，線后如果是名詞，名詞前的修飾語是萬萬不能去掉的。添：就是添上感嘆詞。如果線后的中心詞是名詞，就添What;是形容詞或副詞就添Howo改：將陳述句句前的大寫改為小寫，將變?yōu)楦袊@句的感嘆詞及其修飾的名詞部分放在句首，感嘆詞首寫字母改為大寫。同時句尾的標點由陳述句的句號改為感嘆句的感嘆號。據(jù)此，上句就變成了：Howbeautifulthepictureis!再如：要把^6isagoodstudent.”變成感嘆句，可如上法炮制：Heis|agoodstudent.中心詞是名詞student,agood為修飾student的修飾語，不能去掉，故變成感嘆句應(yīng)選感嘆詞what,變成：Whatagoodstudentheis!(3)一斷?二加■三換位：例：1)Thisisabeautifulflower-2)Thisflowerisbeautiful.“一斷”：在謂語動詞后將此句劃斷。)Thisis|abeautifulflower.)Thisfloweris|beautiful.“二加”在第二部分前加引起感嘆句的“What或How”；中心詞為名詞時加“What”；是形容詞、副詞加“How”。)Whatabeautifulflower…)Howbeautiful…“三換位”：將第一部分與第二部分對換位置。)Whatabeautifulflowerthisis!)Howbeautifulthisfloweris!(4)句型記憶法：因how和what的詞性及其在句中的功能不同，由它們引起的感嘆句句型可歸納為7種。如果記住這7種句套子，做任何感嘆句題都易如反掌。例：從題前A、B、C、D所表示的詞或短語中選擇正確答案，完成下列各句：A=What B=Whata C=Whatan D=How①pleasantsurpriseyougaveme!②goodnewswehavegot!③goodaTVsetwe,yebought!④unpleasantexperienceyouhadlastyear!對了，答案依次為BADCO(5)歌訣記憶法：感嘆句中what和how的選用，關(guān)鍵看形容詞后面是否有名詞。如果有，用what(a,an);如果沒有，用how(至于副詞，其前永遠用how)。記住下面歌訣更方便。what，how如何選？先在后面把名詞找，若有名詞用what，若無名詞必用how。what，how提句首，其它緊跟別忘了。主謂一起挪最后，常?？梢员皇〉??！净A(chǔ)練習(xí)】.將下列句子變成感嘆句Itisquiteanicepresent.1nicepresent!Wehavefineweathertoday.1weatherwehavetoday!It,ssunnytoday.1sunnydayitistoday!Thechildrenareworkinghard.1 thechildrenareworking!Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully.1sheplayedbasketball!Heisgoodatsinging.thesings!Hewasdoingwellindancing.1adancerhewas!Tomcoughsbadly.tcoughTomhas!Thefishisverylovely.tthefishis!Theyliveahappylifetoday.tlifetheylive!.選擇合適選項.anicewatchitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa.brightgirlstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howerestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.How4.HowaHowWhataD.What5.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataWhatan4.HowaHowWhataD.What5.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataWhatansunnyday!Let,sgooutforawalk.6.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine6.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafinedayitis!It,srainyagain.7.HowaWhataC.HowD.What8.expensivetrousers!A.WhatWhataC.HowD.Whatangirlsheis!WhatbrightaHowabrightHowbrightaD.What7.HowaWhataC.HowD.What8.expensivetrousers!A.WhatWhataC.HowD.Whatangirlsheis!WhatbrightaHowabrightHowbrightaD.WhatgreatdayJuly1,1997willbe!bright10.weatherwehavetoday!AfineWhatafineHowafineD.What10.weatherwehavetoday!AfineWhatafineHowafineD.Whatfinecarelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.HowmuchfromBeijingtoLondon!carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.HowmuchfromBeijingtoLondon!HowlongwayitisWhatalongwayisitHowlongwayitisWhatalongwayisitHowlongwayisitWhatalongwayitisHowlongwayisitWhatalongwayitis13.Oh,John,yougaveus!13.Oh,John,yougaveus!HowapleasantsurpriseHowpleasantsurpriseHowapleasantsurpriseHowpleasantsurpriseWhatapleasantsurpriseWhatpleasantsurpriseWhatapleasantsurpriseWhatpleasantsurprise14.A.WhatHowWhataWhatan14.A.WhatHowWhataWhatanusefulworktheyhavedone!15.15.nicepictureyougaveme!HowWhatWhataWhatanHowWhatWhataWhatan三、用What或How填空：abigtreeitis!bigthetreeis!beautifulpictures!beautifulthepicturesare!highthebuildingis!bigeyesshehas!lovelytheice-creamis!lovelyice-cream!答案:1.What2.How3.What4.How5.How6.What7.How8.What【中等題】一、選擇:.anicewatchitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa.brightgirlstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howanterestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan4.sunnyday!Let,sgooutforawalk.A.HowaB.HowC.WhataD.What.hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan.dayitis!It,srainyagain.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine.greatdayJuly1,1997willbe!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What.expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan.Please,they,rehavingameeting.A.notbesonoisyB.BequiteC.mustn,ttalkD.nospeaking.tomeetmeatthestation.I'llbewaitingthere.A.NottoforgetB.NotforgetC.ForgetnotD.Don,tforget11.girlsheis!A.WhatbrightaB.HowabrightC.HowbrightaD.Whatbright12.weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine.carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.Howmuch.Oh,John,yougaveus!A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.HowpleasantsurpriseC.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise.usefulworktheyhavedone!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan.nicepictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan二、填空!.hottheweatheris!.hardheworks!.niceteaitis!.bighorsesthey'are!.agoodboyheis!【提高題】一、選擇最佳答案填空.carefullytheboydoeshishomework!A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan2.wellyousingbutbadlyhedances!A.How,how B.What,whatC.How,what D.What,how3.cheaptheseclothesare!I,dliketobuysomeformyson.A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan4.foolstheywere!Theybelievedwhatthegirlssaid.A.How B.HowanC.What D.Whatan5.difficultquestionstheyare!Ican,tanswerthem.A.How B.HowanC.What D.WhatanImissyouvery