藍(lán)牙中英文翻譯

BluetoothIntroductionBluetoothisaforever,limitedradioconnectthatresidesonamicrochip.ItwasoriginallyexpandedthroughSwedishmobilephonecreatorEricssonin1994asamethodtoletlaptopcomputersmakecallsaboveamobilephone.Asthen,numerousorganizationshavesignedontocreateBluetooththelow-powerthoughtlesswirelessaverageforabroadvarietyofdevices(LeVitus,216-220).IndustryspectatorsanticipateBluetoothtobefittedinbillionsofdevicesthrough2005.DiscussionDevelopedbyengineersatEricssoninthelate1990s,Bluetoothismoreandmorespecialtechnologythatfacilitatesthoughtlesswirelesscommunicationamongadiversityofelectronicdevices.Itsmainlyimportantaspectisthatitpermitsdevicesto"talk”(relocateandorchestratedata)wirelesslywitheachother,terminatingtherequirementfortheoutwardlycontinuoustangleofcables,cords,andadaptersimportantfornumeroustoday’sexpertise.TheBluetoothSpecialInterestGroup(SIG)wasformedin1998tomanagetheexpansionandprologueofBluetoothknowledge(LeVitus,216-220).IBM,Intel,ToshibaandNokiaconnectedwithEricssonasthebeginningassociatesoftheSIG,andinexcessof8,000organizationshavecontractedsince.SoastotradeproductswiththeBluetoothrequirementandlogo,manufacturersshouldbeassociatesoftheSIGandthedevicesshouldmeetwell-outlinedcredentials.TheseproceduresmakesurethatBluetoothwirelessdevicesinternationalmayconversewitheachother,apartfromcompanyornationofderivation.SpeedandRangeRangeisapplicationspecificandalthoughaminimumrangeismandatedbytheCoreSpecification,thereisnotalimitandmanufacturerscantunetheirimplementationtosupporttheusecasetheyareenabling.Rangemayvarydependingonclassofradiousedinanimplementation:Class3radios-havearangeofupto1meteror3feetClass2radios-mostcommonlyfoundinmobiledevices,havearangeof10metersor33feet.Class1radios-usedprimarilyinindustrialusecases,havearangeof100metersor300feet.ThatcreatesBluetoothtechnologyappropriatefortransportinglesserfilesforexamplecellphonecontractsandtextdocuments,alsoaslower-qualitypicturesandaudio(Kumkum,160-162).Attheserelocatespeeds;Bluetoothmaynotactuallydealstreamingvideoorhigh-qualitypicturesandaudioatthisend,exceptthispossiblywillalterinthefuturewhenfreshBluetoothstandardsareinitiated.SimpleandCompetenttoUtilizeCreatingandconfiguringBluetoothalloweddevicesismoderatelyuncomplicated,withlittleextracommotionthanacquirethetwodevicesclosetooneanotherandtwistthemon.Thereisnorequirementtomountdriversorfurthersoftwaretocomplexanad-hoc,personalwirelessnetwork(Kumkum,160-162).Ithasauniformorganization,meaningthatsometwowirelessproductsattributingBluetoothtechnology,despiteofproductornationoforigin,havetheabilitytoconversefaultlesslywitheachother.CommonApplicationsOneofthemainlyordinaryapplicationsofBluetoothishands-freecellphoneprocedure.AbouteachcellphonefashionedinourdayhasconstructedBluetooth(Meier,15-20).OnlypairphonewithaBluetoothheadset,andhemaytalkwhereashisphoneisinhispurseorpocket.Severaloftoday’scarstereosaswellhavefittedBluetoothforhands-freecallinginhisvehicle.Andifhisvehiclehasaplantstereoorgrown-upaftermarketonethathemerelydoesn’twishtorestore,hemayyetlikehands-freeidentifyingwithaBluetoothcarkit.Bluetooth3.0Bluetooth3.0isthefreshBluetoothwirelesstypicaladoptedthroughtheBluetoothSIGonApril21,2009.Thefreshstandardsupportselevateddataremovespeedsandconstructsaheadtheprecedingstandards(Meier,15-20).Withitssuperiorspeed,thetechnologyhastheprobabletotransfiguretheconsumerelectronicsindustry.PROTOCOLTheBluetoothtechnologystandardissettomakedifferentapplicationscan“communicate”witheachother.Remotedevicesincommunicationusethesameprotocolstacks,whiledifferentapplicationsneeddifferentprotocolstacks.But,everyapplicationneedsthedatalinklayerandphysicallayeroftheBluetoothtechnology.ThewholeBluetoothprotocolstacksisshownasblow.Notanyapplicationshouldusealloftheprotocols,butoneorsomelistsofthese.Thechartbelowshowstherelationshipbetweenprotocols,buttherelationshipmaychangeinsomeapplications.ThecompletelyprotocolstacksincludeBluetoothspecialprotoTOC\o"1-5"\h\zcols(likeLMPandL2CAP)andnotspecialones(suchasOBEXandUDP).Thebasicprinciplefordesigningprotocolandprotocolstacksisthatuseexistinghighlevelprotocolaspossible,ensurethecombinationofprotocolsandBluetoothtechnology,andtakethebestadvantageofthesoftwareandhardwarewhichadapttotheBluetoothtechnologystandards.TheopenBluetoothtechnologymakesdevicemanufacturerscanchooseprotocolsfreelyastheylikeorusedto.TheprotocolsinBluetoothprotocolsystem.TherearefourlayersinBluetoothprotocolsystemaccordingtotheSIG:CoreprotocolsCablereplacementprotocolsTelephonycontrolprotocolsAdoptedprotocolsExcepttheprotocollayersabove,thestandardalsodefinesHost/ControllerInterface(HCI),whichprovidescommandinterfaceforbasebandcontroller,connectionmanager,hardwarestateandcontrolregister.BluetoothcoreprotocolsconsistofthespecialprotocolsmadebySIG.MostBluetoothdevicesneedcoreprotocols,whileotherprotocolsareuseddependonneedsoftheapplication.Afterall,cablereplacementprotocols,technologycontrolprotocolsandadoptedprotocolsbasedonthecoreprotocolsconstitutetheobject-orientedprotocols.CoreprotocolsLMP(LinkManagementProtocol)Usedforcontroloftheradiolinkbetweentwodevices.Implementedonthecontrollers.Itidentifiesandencryptsthroughlaunching,exchangingandcheckingtheconnection,anddecidesthesizeofbasebanddatapacketsthroughconference.Italsocontrolsthepowermodeandworkcycleofwirelessequipment,andconnectionstatusofunitequipmentinpiconet.L2CAP(LogicalLinkControl&AdaptationProtocol)Thisprotocolisusedtomultiplexmultiplelogicalconnectionsbetweentwodevicesusingdifferenthigherlevelprotocols,andprovidessegmentationandreassemblyofon-airpackets.InBasicmode,L2CAPprovidespacketswithapayloadconfigurableupto64kB,with672bytesasthedefaultMTU,and48bytesastheminimummandatorysupportedMTU.InRetransmission&FlowControlmodes,L2CAPcanbeconfiguredforreliableorisochronousdataperchannelbyperformingretransmissionsandCRCchecks.BluetoothCoreSpecificationAddendum1addstwoadditionalL2CAPmodestothecorespecification.ThesemodeseffectivelydeprecateoriginalRetransmissionandFlowControlmodes:EnhancedRetransmissionMode(ERTM):Thismodeisanimprovedversionoftheoriginalretransmissionmode.ThismodeprovidesareliableL2CAPchannel.StreamingMode(SM):Thisisaverysimplemode,withnoretransmissionorflowcontrol.ThismodeprovidesanunreliableL2CAPchannel.Reliabilityinanyofthesemodesisoptionallyand/oradditionallyguaranteedbythelowerlayerBluetoothBDR/EDRairinterfacebyconfiguringthenumberofretransmissionsandflushtimeout(timeafterwhichtheradiowillflushpackets).In-ordersequencingisguaranteedbythelowerlayer.OnlyL2CAPchannelsconfiguredinERTMorSMmaybeoperatedoverAMPlogicallinks.SDP(ServiceDiscoveryProtocol)ServiceDiscoveryProtocol(SDP)allowsadevicetodiscoverservicessupportedbyotherdevices,andtheirassociatedparameters.Forexample,whenconnectingamobilephonetoaBluetoothheadset,SDPwillbeusedfordeterminingwhichBluetoothprofilesaresupportedbytheheadset(HeadsetProfile,HandsFreeProfile,AdvancedAudioDistributionProfile(A2DP)etc.)andtheprotocolmultiplexersettingsneededtoconnecttoeachofthem.EachserviceisidentifiedbyaUniversallyUniqueIdentifier(UUID),withofficialservices(Bluetoothprofiles)assignedashortformUUID(16bitsratherthanthefull128)/vichitraCablereplacementprotocols(RFCOMM)Radiofrequencycommunications(RFCOMM)isacablereplacementprotocolusedtocreateavirtualserialdatastream.RFCOMMprovidesforbinarydatatransportandemulatesEIA-232(formerlyRS-232)controlsignalsovertheBluetoothbasebandlayer.RFCOMMprovidesasimplereliabledatastreamtotheuser,similartoTCP.ItisuseddirectlybymanytelephonyrelatedprofilesasacarrierforATcommands,aswellasbeingatransportlayerforOBEXoverBluetooth.Telephonycontrolprotocols(TCP).Telephonycontrolprotocol-binary(TCSBIN)isthebit-orientedprotocolthatdefinesthecallcontrolsignalingfortheestablishmentofvoiceanddatacallsbetweenBluetoothdevices.Additionally,“TCSBINdefinesmobilitymanagementproceduresforhandlinggroupsofBluetoothTCSdevices.”TCS-BINisonlyusedbythecordlesstelephonyprofile,whichfailedtoattractimplementers.Assuchitisonlyofhistoricalinterest.AdoptedprotocolsAdoptedprotocolsaredefinedbyotherstandards-makingorganizationsandincorporatedintoBluetooth’sprotocolstack,allowingBluetoothtocreateprotocolsonlywhennecessary.Theadoptedprotocolsinclude:Point-to-PointProtocol(PPP):InternetstandardprotocolfortransportingIPdatagramsoverapoint-to-pointlink.TCP/IP/UDP:ForcommunicatingwiththedeviceconnectedtoInternet.ObjectExchangeProtocol(OBEX):Session-layerprotocolfortheexchangeofobjects,providingamodelforobjectandoperationrepresentation.Itusestheclient-servermode.WirelessApplicationEnvironment/WirelessApplicationProtocol(WAE/WAP):WAEspecifiesanapplicationframeworkforwirelessdevicesandWAPisanopenstandardtoprovidemobileusersaccesstotelephonyandinformationservices.TechnologySPECTRUMANDINTERFERENCEBluetoothtechnologyoperatesintheunlicensedindustrial,scientificandmedical(ISM)bandat2.4to2.485GHz,usingaspreadspectrum,frequencyhopping,full-duplexsignalatanominalrateof1600hops/sec.The2.4GHzISMbandisavailableandunlicensedinmostcountries.SIMfrequencybandisopentoallradiosystem,Sotheuseofacertainfrequencybandwillmeetunpredictableinterferencesources.Therefore,Bluetoothdesignsspecialfastacknowledgeandfrequencyhoppingtechniquetoensurethestabilityoflink.Frequencyhoppingtechniquetodividethebandintomanyfrequencyhoppingchannels,inaconnection,radiotransceiver"jump”fromachanneltoanotherconstantlyaccordingtocertaincodesequence.Onlysenderandreceivercommunicateaccordingtothislaw,andtherestofinterferencemaynotpressthesamerule.TheinstantaneousbandwidthofFrequencyhoppingisverynarrow,butthroughthespreadspectrumtechnologyitcanmakethenarrowbandwidthonehundredtimesexpandedintowideband,makingtheinfluenceofinterferencemaybecomeverysmall.Comparingtoothersystemsthatworkinthesamefrequencyband,frequencyhoppingofBluetoothworksfaster,datapacketofBluetoothisshorter,whichmakeitmorestablethantheother.ERRORCORRECTIONBluetoothsupportscircuitswitchingandpacketswitchingtwotechniques,anddefinestwotypesoflinkconnection,namelyconnection-orientedsynchronouslink(SCO)andconnectionless-orientedasynchronouslink(ACL).Bluetoothusethreeerrorcorrectionmodels:1/3ForwardErrorCorrection(FEC),2/3forwardForwardErrorCorrectionandAutomaticRepeatRequest(ARQ).Purposetotheerrorcorrectionistoreducethepossibilityofretransmission,whileatthesametimeincreasetheextraexpenses,butinareasonableerrorlessenvironment,redundantbidswillreduceoutput.Sothepacketdefinitionitselfalsokeepsflexibleways.HencethesoftwarecanbedefinedwhethertoadoptFEC.IngTOC\o"1-5"\h\zeneral,whenthechannelnoiseislarge,BluetoothsystemwillusesFEC,inordertoensurethequalityofcommunication:astoSCOlink,1/3FECisused;2/3FECisusedinACLlink.InUnnumberedARQ,thedatasendinatimeslotmustreceiveaconfirmationofreceiptinthenexttimeslot.OnlywhenthedataischeckedtobewithoutmistakeafterheadererrordetectionandCRCatreceiverwilltheconfirmationsenttosender,oranerrormessagewillbesentback.RANGERangeisapplicationspecificandalthoughaminimumrangeismandatedbytheCoreSpecification,thereisnotalimitandmanufacturerscantunetheirimplementationtosupporttheusecasetheyareenabling.Rangemayvarydependingonclassofradiousedinanimplementation:Class3radios-havearangeofupto1meteror3feet.Class2radios-mostcommonlyfoundinmobiledevices,havearangeof10metersor33feet.Class1radios-usedprimarilyinindustrialusecases,havearangeof100metersor300feet.POWERInordertomakeaBluetoothequipmentcanalsobeinconnectioneveninaverylowpowerstate,Bluetoothstipulatesthreeenergysavingstate:Parkstate,HoldstateandSniffstate.Theenergysavingefficiencyofthesestatesdeclinesonebyone.ThemostcommonlyusedradioisClass2andusers2.5mWofpower.Bluetoothtechnologyisdesignedtohaveverylowpowerconsumption.Thisisreinforcedinthespecificationbyallowingradiostobepowereddownwheninactive.TheGenericAlternateMAC/PHYinVersion3.0HSenablesthediscoveryofremoteAMPsforhighspeeddevicesandtumsontheradioonlywhenneededfordatatransfergivingapoweroptimizationbenefitaswellasaidinginthesecurityoftheradios.Bluetoothlowenergytechnology,optimizedfordevicesrequiringmaximumbatterylifeinsteadofahighdatatransferrate,consumersbetween1/2and1/100thepowerofclassicBluetoothtechnology.SECURITYMobilityandopenofBluetoothsystemmakessafetyproblemsextremelyimportant.AlthoughthefrequencymodulationtechniqueusedbyBluetoothsystemhasalreadyprovidedacertainsecurity,butBluetoothsystemstillneedsafetymanagementtolinklayerandapplicationlayer.Inlinklayer,Bluetoothsystemprovidesauthentication,encryptionandkeymanagement,andotherfunctions.EachuserhasaPersonalIdentificationNumber(PIN),whichwillbetranslatedinto128bitlinkkeyforone-wayorboth-waycertification.Oncetheauthenticationfinished,linkwilluseencryphonkeytoencrypt.Thelinklayersecuritymechanismprovidesagreatdealofcertificationschemesandaflexibleencryptionscheme(meansallowtheconsultationofthelengthofpassword).Thismechanismisveryimportantwhentheequipmentsincommunicationarefromdifferentcountries,becausesomecountrieswillspecifymaximumpasswordlength.Bluetoothsystemwillselectthesmallestmaximumallowablepasswordlengthofallequipmentsinthepiconet.Bluetoothsystemalsosupportsthehighlevelofprotocolstackindifferentapplicationsofspecialsecuritymechanisms.Bluetoothsecuritymechanismbuildstrustrelationshipbetweendevicesrelyingonpins.Oncethisrelationshipestablished,thesepinscanbestoredintheequipment,inordertoconnectionmorequicklythenexttime.Source:BaiduLibrary藍(lán)牙介紹藍(lán)牙是一種永久、有限的無線連接，駐留在微芯片上。1994年，它最初是通過瑞典手機(jī)制造商愛立信（Ericsson）擴(kuò)展的，作為一種讓筆記本電腦在手機(jī)上方撥打電話的方法。當(dāng)時(shí)，許多組織已經(jīng)簽署了創(chuàng)建藍(lán)牙的協(xié)議，這是一種低功耗、輕率的無線設(shè)備，適用于各種設(shè)備（LeVitus，216-220）。業(yè)內(nèi)人士預(yù)計(jì)，到2005年，藍(lán)牙將安裝在數(shù)十億臺(tái)設(shè)備上。討論藍(lán)牙是愛立信公司的工程師在20世紀(jì)90年代末開發(fā)的一種越來越特殊的技術(shù)，它可以促進(jìn)各種電子設(shè)備之間的無意識(shí)無線通信。其主要的重要方面是，它允許設(shè)備之間以無線方式“對話”（重新定位和編排數(shù)據(jù)），從而終止了對電纜、跳線和適配器的外部連續(xù)纏繞的要求，這對當(dāng)今眾多專業(yè)技術(shù)來說都很重要。藍(lán)牙特別利益小組（SIG）成立于1998年，負(fù)責(zé)管理藍(lán)牙的擴(kuò)展和開場白（LeVitus，216-220）。IBM、英特爾、東芝和諾基亞與愛立信建立了聯(lián)系，成為SIG的最初合作伙伴，自那時(shí)以來，已有超過8000家公司簽約。為了交易具有藍(lán)牙要求和標(biāo)志的產(chǎn)品，制造商應(yīng)是SIG的合作伙伴，設(shè)備應(yīng)符合良好的認(rèn)證要求。這些程序可確保藍(lán)牙無線設(shè)備國際公司可以與其他公司或國家進(jìn)行對話。速度和范圍范圍是特定于應(yīng)用程序的，盡管核心規(guī)范規(guī)定了最小范圍，但沒有限制，制造商可以調(diào)整其實(shí)現(xiàn)以支持他們正在啟用的用例。范圍可能因?qū)嵤┲惺褂玫臒o線電類別而異：-3類無線電的射程可達(dá)1米或3英尺?2類無線電最常見于移動(dòng)設(shè)備中，其射程為10米或33英尺。?主要用于工業(yè)用途的1類無線電的射程為100米或300英尺。這創(chuàng)造了藍(lán)牙技術(shù)，適用于傳輸較小的文件，例如手機(jī)合同和文本文檔，以及較低質(zhì)量的圖片和音頻（Kumkum，160-162）。以這些重新定位的速度；藍(lán)牙在這方面可能不會(huì)真正處理流式視頻或高質(zhì)量的圖片和音頻，除非將來新的藍(lán)牙標(biāo)準(zhǔn)啟動(dòng)后，這種情況可能會(huì)改變。簡單且能使用創(chuàng)建和配置允許使用藍(lán)牙的設(shè)備相當(dāng)簡單，只需將兩臺(tái)設(shè)備靠近并纏繞在一起，就不會(huì)有什么額外的麻煩。不需要安裝驅(qū)動(dòng)程序或其他軟件來復(fù)雜一個(gè)特殊的個(gè)人無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)（Kumkum，160-162）。它有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的組織，這意味著，某些屬于藍(lán)牙技術(shù)的兩種無線產(chǎn)品，無論其產(chǎn)品或原產(chǎn)國如何，都能夠完美地相互對話。常見應(yīng)用藍(lán)牙的一個(gè)主要普通應(yīng)用是免提手機(jī)程序。在我們這個(gè)時(shí)代，幾乎每一部手機(jī)都構(gòu)建了藍(lán)牙（Meier，15-20）。只需將手機(jī)與藍(lán)牙耳機(jī)配對，他就可以在手機(jī)放在錢包或口袋里時(shí)通話。今天的幾款車載立體聲系統(tǒng)也在他的車上安裝了藍(lán)牙免提通話功能。如果他的車有一個(gè)他不想恢復(fù)的立體聲或成熟的售后服務(wù)，他可能會(huì)喜歡用藍(lán)牙車載套件進(jìn)行免提識(shí)別。藍(lán)牙3.0藍(lán)牙3.0是典型的通過藍(lán)牙SIG于2009年4月21日，通過新鮮的藍(lán)牙無線。新鮮的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)支持提升數(shù)據(jù)刪除速度和結(jié)構(gòu)，前面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)邁爾（15-20）。憑借其出眾的速度，有可能transfigure消費(fèi)電子行業(yè)的技術(shù)。技術(shù)協(xié)議藍(lán)牙技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的設(shè)置，使不同的應(yīng)用程序可以相互“溝通”。在遠(yuǎn)程通信設(shè)備使用相同的協(xié)議棧，而不同的應(yīng)用需要不同的協(xié)議棧。但是，每一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序需要的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層和物理層的藍(lán)牙技術(shù)。整個(gè)藍(lán)牙協(xié)議棧所示的打擊。任何應(yīng)用程序不應(yīng)該使用的所有協(xié)議，但其中一個(gè)或一些名單。下面的圖表顯示了協(xié)議之間的關(guān)系，但在某些應(yīng)用中的關(guān)系可能會(huì)改變。完全的協(xié)議棧包括藍(lán)牙特殊協(xié)議（LMP和L2CAP），而不是特殊的（如OBEX和UDP）。設(shè)計(jì)協(xié)議和協(xié)議棧的基本原則是，盡可能利用現(xiàn)有的高層協(xié)議，確保協(xié)議和藍(lán)牙技術(shù)相結(jié)合，采取適應(yīng)的藍(lán)牙技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的軟件和硬件的最佳優(yōu)勢。開放的藍(lán)牙技術(shù)，使得設(shè)備制造商可以自由選擇的協(xié)議，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g或使用。藍(lán)牙協(xié)議體系中的協(xié)議據(jù)SIG的有4層藍(lán)牙協(xié)議體系核心協(xié)議電纜替代協(xié)議電話控制協(xié)議通過協(xié)議除上述協(xié)議層，該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還定義了主機(jī)/控制器接口（HCI），它提供基帶控制器，連接管理器，硬件狀態(tài)和控制寄存器的命令接口。藍(lán)牙核心協(xié)議包括由SIG提出的特殊協(xié)議。大多數(shù)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備需要核心協(xié)議，而其他協(xié)議取決于應(yīng)用的需要。畢竟，電纜替代協(xié)議，技術(shù)控制協(xié)議，通過協(xié)議和基于核心協(xié)議，構(gòu)成了面向?qū)ο蟮膮f(xié)議。核心協(xié)議LMP（鏈路管理協(xié)議）用于兩個(gè)設(shè)備之間的無線鏈路控制。控制器上實(shí)現(xiàn)。通過開展交流和檢查連接的識(shí)別和加密，并決定基帶數(shù)據(jù)包通過會(huì)議的規(guī)模。它還控制無線設(shè)備的電源模式和工作周期，并在微微網(wǎng)單元設(shè)備的連接狀態(tài)。的L2CAP（邏輯鏈路控制與適配協(xié)議）該協(xié)議用于復(fù)用多個(gè)邏輯連接兩個(gè)使用不同的高層協(xié)議的設(shè)備之間，提供分割和重組的空氣包。L2CAP的基本模式，提供與有效載荷配置多達(dá)64KB的數(shù)據(jù)包，為672個(gè)字節(jié)的默認(rèn)MTU，48個(gè)字節(jié)的最低強(qiáng)制性支持的MTU。L2CAP的轉(zhuǎn)播及流量控制模式，可以被配置為每個(gè)通道的可靠或同步數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)播和CRC檢查。藍(lán)牙核心規(guī)范附錄1增加了兩個(gè)額外的L2CAP模式的核心規(guī)范。這些模式有效地貶低原重發(fā)和流量控制模式：增強(qiáng)重傳模式（ERTM）：這種模式是一種原始的轉(zhuǎn)播模式的改進(jìn)版本。這種模式提供了可靠的L2CAP信道。流模式（SM）：這是一個(gè)非常簡單的模式，沒有轉(zhuǎn)播或流量控制。這種模式提供了一個(gè)可靠的L2CAP信道。在這些模式中的任何可靠性，選擇性和/或另外下層BDR的/EDR的藍(lán)牙空氣通過配置重傳和的沖洗超時(shí)（時(shí)間之后，無線電將刷新包）接口保證。保證下層順序排序。ERTM或SM只有配置的L2CAP通道可運(yùn)行超過AMP的邏輯聯(lián)系。SDP（服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議）服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議（SDP）允許設(shè)備發(fā)現(xiàn)其他設(shè)備，其相關(guān)參數(shù)的支持服務(wù)。例如，當(dāng)手機(jī)連接到藍(lán)牙耳機(jī)，社民黨將用于確定哪些支持藍(lán)牙配置文件耳機(jī)（耳機(jī)模式，免提配置文件，高級音頻分配模式（A2DP）等）和協(xié)議復(fù)用器設(shè)置需要連接到他們每個(gè)人。每個(gè)服務(wù)標(biāo)識(shí)通用唯一標(biāo)識(shí)符（UUID）分配一個(gè)短形式的UUID（16位），而不是完整的128/vichitra官方服務(wù)（藍(lán)牙模式），電纜替代協(xié)議（RFCOMM協(xié)議）無線電頻率通信（RFCOMM協(xié)議）是一種電纜替代協(xié)議，用于創(chuàng)建一個(gè)虛擬的串行數(shù)據(jù)流。RFCOMM協(xié)議提供二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)傳輸和模擬的EIA-232（RS-232）在藍(lán)牙基帶層的控制信號。RFCOMM協(xié)議提供給用戶一個(gè)簡單可靠的數(shù)據(jù)流，類似于TCP。它被用于許多與電話相關(guān)的配置文件直接作為AT命令的載體，以及通過藍(lán)牙OBEX傳輸層。電話控制協(xié)議（TCP）。電話控制協(xié)議二進(jìn)制（塔塔咨詢服務(wù)公司的BIN）是面向比特的協(xié)議，它定義了呼叫控制藍(lán)牙設(shè)備之間的語音和數(shù)據(jù)呼叫建立信令。此外，“塔塔咨詢服務(wù)公司的BIN定義用于處理藍(lán)牙T