2021-2022學(xué)年湖南省懷化市艮山口中學(xué)高二英語模擬試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年湖南省懷化市艮山口中學(xué)高二英語模擬試題含解析一、選擇題Therearesomedoubtsheisfitforthejob.Youknow,hehaslittleexperienceinthisfield.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which參考答案：BManystudentsliketorecite,whichareshort,beautifulandrhythmic.A.novelsB.poemsC.booksD.passages參考答案：BMostofthehousesbuiltongroundstayedupintheterribleearthquake.A.arbitraryB.stableC.convenientD.freezing參考答案：B略Thenewly-discoveredstarwasnamedaChineseastronomerhonorofhiscontributionstoastronomy.A.for；inB.after；forC.as；inD.after；in參考答案：Dfeelitanhonourtospeakhere.A.toaskB.askingC.tobeaskedD.askedWashoecanunderstandbodylanguagewellnumbersofbasicelementsofbodylanguagearesameindifferentculturesWhydoestheauthortakethegesturestoindicate"yes"and"no"foranexample?togiveusthemeaningofthetwogesturestotelluscontinuitiesofsomefixedactionpatternstoshowenvironmentalinfluencesofthesignlanguagetoindicategeneticeffectsofthebodylanguageThelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout.originsofthebodylanguageculturalinfluenceswhatthebodylanguageisrelationshipsbetweenbodylanguagesandanimalcommunications參考答案：12.B13.C14.C15.A這是一篇說明文。肢體語言是一個(gè)廣泛的術(shù)語，指的是使用肢體動作或手勢來代替或補(bǔ)充聲音、語言或其他形式的交流。反過來，它是副語言的一個(gè)類別，它描述了人類交流的所有形式，而不是語言。其中肢體語言包括自愿和非自愿的，二者之間的區(qū)別很模糊。同時(shí)文章也談?wù)摿岁P(guān)于肢體語言的起源問題。[12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Paralanguageincludingbodylanguagehasbeenextensivelystudiedinsocialpsychology.（包括肢體語言在內(nèi)的副語言在社會心理學(xué)中得到了廣泛的研究。）可知肢體語言屬于副語言；再根據(jù)第一段第一句Bodylanguageisabroadtermforseveralformsofcommunicationusingbodymovementsorgestures,insteadof,orasacomplementto,sounds,verballanguage,orotherformsofcommunication.（肢體語言是一個(gè)廣泛的術(shù)語，指的是使用肢體動作或手勢進(jìn)行的多種形式的交流，而不是作為聲音、口語或其他形式的交流的補(bǔ)充。）可推理得知肢體語言以及其所屬的副語言都不是口語的補(bǔ)充，口頭語言單獨(dú)為一種類別；而肢體語言、副語言和口頭語言都屬于語言的類別。綜上，故選Bo[13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Somespeciesofanimalsareespeciallyskilledatdetectinghumanbodylanguage,bothvoluntaryandinvoluntary:thiswasthereasonfortryingtoteachthechimpanzeeWashoeAmericanSignLanguageratherthanspeechandperhapsthereasonwhytheWashoeprojectwasmoresuccessfulthansomepreviouseffortstoteachapeshowtodance.（有些種類的動物特別擅長探測人類的肢體語言，包括自愿的和非自愿的：這就是為什么要嘗試教黑猩猩Washoe美國手語而不是語言，也許也是為什么Washoe項(xiàng)目比之前教猿跳舞更成功的原因。）可知Washoe項(xiàng)目成功的原因是Washoe能夠很好地理解肢體語言。故選C。[14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Morerefinedgestures,whichvarybetweencultures（forexamplethegesturestoindicate"yes"and〃no"）,mustobviouslybelearnedormodifiedthroughlearning,usuallybyunconsciousobservationoftheenvironment.（更精細(xì)的手勢,在不同的文化中是不同的（例如表示〃是〃和''不是〃的手勢），顯然必須通過學(xué)習(xí)來學(xué)習(xí)或修改，通常是通過對環(huán)境的無意識觀察。）可知作者以表示〃是〃和〃不是〃的手勢為例，展示了手語的環(huán)境的影響。故選C。[15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句Humanparalanguagemayrepresentacontinuationofformsofcommunicationthatournon-linguisticancestorsalreadyused,oritmaybethatithasbeenchangedbyco-existinglanguage.（人類副語言可能是我們的非語言祖先已經(jīng)使用的交流形式的延續(xù)，也可能是共存的語言改變了它。）以及最后一段第一句Bodylanguageisaproductofbothgeneticandenvironmentalinfluences.（肢體語言是遺傳和環(huán)境影響的產(chǎn)物。）可知最后兩段主要是在探討肢體語言的起源。故選A。參考答案：C略—Why,Jack,youlooksotired!—Well,IthehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting參考答案：D考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一一怎么啦，杰克，你看起來如此疲憊！一一噢，我一直都在粉刷房子，并且我明天必須完成。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)采用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作一直在延續(xù)。C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示動作已經(jīng)完成，不符合句意。選D。Bequiet,children.Theweatherreportandyourmotherwantstolisten.A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast參考答案：BTheWorldWaterDayservesasawonderfulreminderwaterisscarceandweshouldcherishit.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.what參考答案：A略一Helenhasbeenworkingatalocallanguageschoolfor3years.一sheissofamiliarwiththecity.A.NodoubtB.NowonderC.NowthatD.Asaresult參考答案：Thelivingareaisnowtwicethesizeitusedtobe.A.whatB.thatwhatC.thatD.whatthat參考答案：c.Peterintendedajobinhospital,butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinShenzhen.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.tobetakingD.tohavetaken參考答案：C略Whenwegottotherailwaystation,theexpresshadn'tstartedyet,sowe.A.needn'thurryB.didn'tneedhurryC.needn'ttohurryD.needn'thavehurried參考答案：D考查情態(tài)動詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：當(dāng)我們到達(dá)火車站時(shí)，列車還沒有啟動，所以我們本不必匆忙。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：needNthavedone表示“本不必做而做了〃。結(jié)合句意可住答案為D。【點(diǎn)睛】情態(tài)動詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu)：l/zmust+have+過去分詞〃表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測，語氣比較堅(jiān)定，通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2「can/could+have+過去分詞〃表示對過去某種情況的懷疑或不確定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑問句,could的語氣較can弱汝口:Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3/zmay/might+have+過去分詞〃表示對已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測,might的語氣比may弱一點(diǎn).這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑問句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.〃need+have+過去分詞〃表示過去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或過去做某事純屬多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5/zshould/oughtto+have+過去分詞”表示過去本該做某事但沒做,其否定式表示過去不該做某事但做了，這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意,oughtto的語氣比should強(qiáng)一些汝口：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)的.（但沒有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本來就不該做那件事.（可是做了）6.〃would+have+過去分詞〃表示對過去的某種情況進(jìn)行猜測，或本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做成，通常用來說明某一情況，但不像用should或oughtto那樣含有責(zé)備之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.Chinaunderstandsthesituationandneedsofunderdevelopedcountriesontheissueofclimatechangeandurgesdevelopedcountriestosupportthemtechnologyandfinance.A.intermsofB.inspiteofC.owingtoD.regardlessof參考答案：A試題分析：考查介詞短語辨析A.intermsof就。而言；B.inspiteof盡管；C.owingto由于；D.regardlessof不管；句意:中國在氣候變化問題上理解欠發(fā)達(dá)國家的形勢和需求，督促發(fā)達(dá)國家在技術(shù)和金融方面幫助它們，故選A項(xiàng)。Thenumberofthestudentswhogoabroadtostudyincreasing.A.holdsonB.keepsonC.getsonD.takeson參考答案：BaboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoBrazilforfurtherresearch.A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious參考答案：B試題分析：考查so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，且so…放于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。—Whydidhefromthecompany?—Inordertogetamorechallengingjob.A.leaveB.resignC.removeD.retire參考答案：BWhenaboutwhatshethoughtofthemovie,shejustsaiditwasworthseeingasecondtime.A.beingaskedB.askingC.askedD.tobeasked參考答案：c【詳解】考查過去分詞做狀語。句意：當(dāng)被問及她對這部電影的看法時(shí)，她只是說值得再看一次。這是狀語從句常見的省略現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)從句和主句的主語一致時(shí)并且從句的謂語是系動詞，這是從句的主語和系動詞可以一起省略。when(shewas)askedaboutwhatshethoughtofthemovie,shejustsaidthatitwasworthseeingasecondtime.止匕處句子主語she和ask之間是被動關(guān)系。故答案為C。Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt參考答案：A提示:考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。房子和重建為被動關(guān)系，由句意可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動形式，表示''正在被重建〃。句意為:〃目前他們和父母住在一起，因?yàn)樗麄冏约旱姆孔诱谥亟?。〃故選A項(xiàng)。二、翻譯根據(jù)提示翻譯下列句子。.這些漂亮的花給整個(gè)房間增加了生氣。(givelifeto).我已經(jīng)好幾年不和那些朋友來往了。(makecontactwith).馬克思出生在德國，會說英語，恩格斯也是這樣。(Itwasthesamewith...).他從不把父母的話當(dāng)回事。(take…seriously).昨天晚上班主任當(dāng)眾宣布了這項(xiàng)規(guī)定。(inpublic)參考答案：1.Thebeautifulflowersgivelifetothewholeroom.2.1haven'tmadecontactwiththosefriendsforseveralyears.MarxwasborninGermanyandcouldspeakEnglish.ItwasthesamewithEngels.Hehasnevertakenwhathisparentssaidseriously.Theheadteacherannouncedtheruleinpubliclastnight.三、閱讀理解Howdoesasunsetwork?Welovetolookatone,butJolandaBlackwellwantedhereighth-graderstoreallythinkaboutitandquestion.SoBlackwellhadherstudentswatchavideoofasunsetaspartofaphysicslessononmotion.zzlaskedthem:'Sowhat'smovingAndwhy*"Blackwellsays.Somethoughtthesunwasmoving;othersknewthatasunsetistheresultoftheEarthspinningaroundonitsaxis.“Usually,mybiggestchallengeistryingtokeepthempatient,"shesays."Theyjusthavesomanyburningquestions.""Everyday,wemeetnewinformation,"saysCharanRanganath,apsychologist.Ranganathwascurioustoknowwhywekeepsomeinformationandforgetotherthings.Sohegot19volunteersandaskedthemtoreviewmorethan100questions.Whentheparticipants'curiositywasaroused,thepartsof'theirbrainsthatregulatepleasureandrewardlitup.Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories."Curiousbrainsarebetteratlearningnotonlyaboutthesubjectathandbutalsodullinformation.Thisisaphenomenonteacherscanuseintheclassroom,"saysEvieMalaia,aprofessor."Sayakidwantstobeanastronaut/'shesays.NLWell,howdoyoulinkthatgoalwithlearningmultiplicationtables(乘法表)““Ateachermaychoosetoaskherclassaninterestingwordproblemthatinvolvesspaceexploration/'Malaiasays.Studentsmayremembertheanswertothewordproblem,butthey'llalsorememberhowtheyfoundtheanswerthroughmultiplication.WhatRanganathwantstoknowmostiswhysomepeopleseemnaturallymorecuriousthanothers.Lotsoffactors,includingstress,agingandcertaindrugsaffectdopamine（多巴月安）processinginthebrain."Ifwecouldfigurethesethingsout,wecouldhelpthosewhomayjustseembored,"Ranganathsays.Blackwellsaysshedoesn*thavetodealwiththatproblemtoooften.Shesaysherstudentsloveexploringthemysteriousunknownsinscience:WhathappenswhenacarcrashesHowdorainbowswork"Itellmykidsthere'snodumbquestions,"Blackwellsays."That'sscience:askingquestionsandseekinganswers."12.WhatchallengedidBlackwellhaveinclass?Thestudentswereoftenburntbyaccident.Thestudentswereaskingtoomanyquestions.Thestudentscouldn'tconcentrateinherclassThestudentscouldn'tanswerquestionsgentlyIfwearecurious,we.willdesiretoberewarded.mayforgetundesirablethingsmoreeasily.maymemorizesomethingbetter.willhavemoreenergytodooutdooractivities.Malaiagavetheexampleof'akidinParagraph4toprove.multiplicationtablesaredifficulttolearn.mathisthebasisknowledgeforspaceexploration.becominganastronautsisadreamofmanykids.curiosityalsohelpsuslearnboringthings.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thatproblem'"referto?Studentsgetboredwithlearning.Studentsasktoomanyfoolishquestions.Studentswanttoexplorethemysteriesofscience.Studentstakedrugstoproducedopamine.參考答案：12.B13.C14.D15.A【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者通過不同人的不同的觀點(diǎn)，說明好奇心和興趣是激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)的動力。[12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“mybiggestchallengeistryingtokeepthempatientshesays."Theyjusthavesomanyburningquestions.”可知，布萊克威爾在課堂上遇到的挑戰(zhàn)是學(xué)生們問了太多的問題。故B選項(xiàng)正確。[13題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories.〃可知，如果我們有好奇心，我們可能會有更好的記憶。故C選項(xiàng)正確。[14題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段""Curiousbrainsarebetteratlearningnotonlyaboutthesubjectathandbutalsodullinformation”可知，Malaia在第4段中舉了一個(gè)孩子的例子來證明好奇心有助于我們學(xué)習(xí)枯燥的東西。故D選項(xiàng)正確。[15題詳解】詞義猜測題。由第五段“Ifwecouldfigurethesethingsout,wecouldhelpthosewhomayjustseembored”可知，thatproblem指的是“學(xué)生對學(xué)習(xí)感到厭煩〃。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】通過對關(guān)鍵詞的判斷是解決推理判斷題的重要方法之一。由第三段〃Curiousmindsalsoshowedincreasedactivityinthebrain,whichisinvolvedingreatermemories.〃中的"increasedactivity,,zzgreatermemories〃可以判斷出，如果我們有好奇心,我們可能會有更好的記憶。故小題2的正確選項(xiàng)為C選項(xiàng)。Bodylanguageisabroadtermforseveralformsofcommunicationusingbodymovementsorgestures,insteadof,orasacomplementto,sounds,verballanguage,orotherformsofcommunication.Inturn,itisonecategoryofparalanguage,whichdescribesallformsofhumancommunicationthatarenotlanguage.Paralanguageincludingbodylanguagehasbeenextensivelystudiedinsocialpsychology.Ineverydayspeechandpopularpsychology,thetermismostoftenappliedtobodylanguagethatisthoughttobeinvoluntary,butinfactthedistinctionbetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarybodylanguageisoftenblurred:asmileorawavemaybegiveneithervoluntarilyorinvoluntarily,forexample.VoluntaryBodyLanguageislesscommonlydiscussedbecauseitseemsunproblematic.Itreferstomovement,gesturesandposesintentionallymadebytheperson:smiling,hands,

imitatingactions,andgenerallymakingmovementswithfullorpartialintentionofmakingthemandarealizationofwhattheycommunicate.Therelationofbodylanguagetoanimalcommunicationhasoftenbeendiscussed.Humanparalanguagemayrepresentacontinuationofformsofcommunicationthatournon-linguisticancestorsalreadyused,oritmaybethatitha