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新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(一)

新概念二冊語法精粹一、一般現(xiàn)在時

一、一般現(xiàn)在時:

1.構(gòu)成:使用動詞原形,第三人稱單數(shù)須有變化。

(1)直接加"s”,works,takes

(2)以輔音加“y”結(jié)尾,變“y”為“i”,再加“es",carry-carries

(3)以“o,s,x,ch,sh”結(jié)尾的動詞加"es”,goesdresseswatchesbrushes

2.功能:

(1)表現(xiàn)在的事實、狀態(tài)或動作:

eg:Birdsfly.

Shelovesmusic.

Mary'sparentsgetupveryearly.

(2)表習慣性動作或職業(yè),常與often,sometimes,usually,always,everyweek,

seldom,occasionally,frequently等時間副詞連用。

eg:Ialwaystakeawalkaftersupper.

Shewritestomeveryoften.

Tomandhisgirlfriendgoouttotakeapicnicoccasionally.

(3)表客觀真理,格言警句或事實:

Theearthmovesroundthesun.

Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

Twoandtwomakesfour.

Nomanbuterrs.人非圣賢,熟能無過。

(4)表將來:

A.在由when,after,before,as,assoonas,although,because,if,evenif,in

case,till,until,unless,solongas,where,whatever,wherever等引導的狀語從

句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來發(fā)生的動作。

(黃金重點,所有考試都不放過它?。?/p>

例如:Illtellherwhenshecomestomorrow.

Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'llmeetyou.

Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.(不錯的句型,背下!!)

Filberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.(很感人的句型?。?/p>

B.按時間表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件,用一般現(xiàn)在時表達將來時概念。

Theplaybeginsat6:30thisevening.

Whendoestheplanetakeoff?

Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.

Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintoShanghaistartsatnineinthe

morning.

(按照時刻表,開往上海的特快列車早上7點出發(fā)。)

測試精編

1.TheBrownsanicecarandBrown'sbrotheranicejeep.

A.have/haveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have

2.Iftheirhousenotlikeours,whatitlooklike?

A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is

3.-youthinkhewillcome?-Ifittomorrow,hewillnotcome.

A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain

4.Thelittlechildnotevenknowthatthemoonaroundtheearth.

A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does/movesD.did/moved

5.Manyastudentfondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldomto

thecinema

A.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(二)

新概念二冊語法精粹二、現(xiàn)在進行時:is/am/are+現(xiàn)在分詞

1.表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。如

Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?

Don'tyouthinkyoueattoomuch?YouYeputtingonweight(體重增加)。

Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.

2.表現(xiàn)階段正進行的動作。

Heistakingphysicsthissemester(本學期)。

Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.

3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于進行時態(tài)時表

示即將開始的動作。

Look!Thebusiscoming.看!車來T-

Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.

AliceisleavingforBeijingwithhermother.

4.與always,forever,continually,constantly等副詞連用,表示說話人帶奇感*彩:

贊賞或厭惡。

Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.(他總是想著別人。)

Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.(這男孩不斷地發(fā)出吵鬧聲。)

Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.(老師一直在批評

她遲到。)

5.下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用于進行時。(此條戒律

請背10遍?。。。?/p>

believe(相信),doubt(懷疑),see(看見),hear(聽見),know(知道),

understand(理解),belong(屬于),think(認為),consider(認為),feel

(覺得),look(看起來),seem(看上去),show(顯示),mind(介意),

have(有),sound(聽起來),taste(嘗起來),require(要求),possess(擁

有),care(關(guān)心),like(喜歡),hate(討厭),love(喜愛),detest(憎

恨),desire(意欲)

【簡單記憶】:

?永遠不要說Imbelieving…或Heisseeingahouse.再簡單一點說,這些動詞后

面不要隨意加-ing.

?可怕的是:我們在寫作及口語中常犯此類大錯!

?注意:haveaparty/thinkabout可以用進行時,因為這里have意為"舉行";think

意為“考慮工

測試精編:

1.HowcanyouIfyouarenot?

A.listening/hearingB.hear/listening

C.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto

2.Thegirlevenwon'thaveherlunchbeforesheherhomework.

A.willfinishB.isfinishing

C.hadfinishedD.finishes

3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost(職位)intheoffice.(此題超前)

A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewing

C.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing

4.Theoldscientisttodomoreforthecountry.

A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishing

C.wishesD.hasbeenwished

5.Ifhe,don'twakehimup.

A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleeping

C.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(三)

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹(三)一般過去時。

1.表示過去某個特定時間或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。

Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.

IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.

Chinawasfoundedin1949.

2.在表示時間或條件等的狀語從句中代替過去將來時。(參)

Shetoldmethatshewouldnotgowithusifitrainedthenextday.

Theywouldnotleaveuntilshecameback.

Myfriendpromisedtomarrymeonceshemadeherfinaldecision.

3.一般過去時,現(xiàn)在時和過去時的幾組差異:(別以為這很簡單,下面的差異

你不一定明白。)

?Herbrotherwasachemist.(已去世)

?Herbrotherisachemist.(尚健在)

?That'sallIhadtosay.(話已說完)

?That*sallIhavetosay.(言之未盡)

?Itwassonicetoseeyou.(離別時用)

?Itissonicetoseeyou.(見面時用)

?Janedidalotofworkthismorning.(已是當天下午或晚上)

?Janehasdonealotofworkthismorning.(仍是上午)[本句現(xiàn)在完成時,此乃

后話?。?/p>

測試精編I:(用所給動詞的正確進態(tài)填空)。

1.YesterdayI(think)thatyouwerenotinBeijing.

2.Aliceusually(sit)inthefrontoftheclassroom,butshe(sit)at

thebackthismorning.

3.He(tell)thenewstousthreedaysago.

4.He(begin)toteachChinesein1990.

5.shewouldnottelephonemeifshe(have)notime.

測試精編II:

l.Theythetripuntiltherainstopped.

A.continuedB.didn'tcontinue

C.hadn'tcontinuedD.wouldcontinue

2.Thelocalpeasantsgavethesoldiersclothesandfoodwithoutwhichthey

ofhungerandcold.(without在這里表條件,你知道嗎?)

A.woulddieB.willdieC.wouldbedeadD.wouldhavedied

3.ItwasnotuntilthenthatIcametoknowthattheeartharoundthesun.

A.movedB.hasmovedC.willmoveD.moves

4.Whenallthosepresent(到場者)hebeganhislecture.(重點題)

A.sitB.setC.seatedD.wereseated

5.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.ButinfactInot.

A.haveB.wouldhaveC.hadD.hadhad

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(四)

新概念二冊語法精粹四.過去進行時:were/was+現(xiàn)在分詞

1.表示過去某一時刻或階段正在發(fā)生的動作。

Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.

WhenIarrived,theywerewatchingTV.

Theyweredoinghouseworkthistimelastweek.

2.用于條件狀語從句中表示過去將來進行的動作。

Shetoldmetowakehimupifshewassleeping.

IaskedmyfriendtowarnmeaboutitaslongasIwasdrivingtoofast.

3.過去某時將發(fā)生的事??蓞⒖家?(4)

TheytoldmethattheywereleavingforNewYork.

HewasgoingoutwhenIarrived.

測試精編:

1.Mybrotherwhilehehisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell/wasridingB.feel/wereriding

C.hadfallen/rodeD.hadfallen/wasriding

2.Hehislegasheinafootballmatch.

A.broke/playedB.wasbreaking/wasplaying

C.broke/wasplayingD.wasbreaking/played

3.-Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.-Ithoughtthathetoday.

A.wascorningB.iscoming

C.willcomeD.comes

4.Jackwasgoingoutoftheshopwhenhecollidedwithanoldwomanwho

in.

A.comeB.wascomingC.hadbeencomingD.hadcome

5.Michikecouldn*tcometothetelephonewhenMr.Smithcalledherbecauseshe

inthelab.

A.hadbeenworkingB.hasbeenworking

C.wasworkingD.worked

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(五)

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(五)

現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has+過去分詞

1.表示過去所發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常與yet,just,before,

recently,lately(最近),ever,never等表時間的副詞搭配使用。

?Hehasn'tseenherlately.

?Ihaven'tfinishedthebookyet.

2.表示一個從過去某個時間開始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動作,常與表

示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如:sofar(迄今為止),uptillnow(直到現(xiàn)在),

since,foralongtime(很長時間),uptopresent(直到現(xiàn)在),inthepast/inthe

lastfewyears(在過去的幾年里),thesedays(目前)...

Hehasworkedherefor15years.

IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.

TheforeignerhasbeenawayfromChinaforalongtime.

Sofar,Ihaven'treceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.

3.某些非延續(xù)性動詞(即:動作開始便終止的動詞),在現(xiàn)在完成時中不能與

表示一段時間狀語搭配。

黃金要點:

I.常見的非延續(xù)動詞:die,arrive(到達),join(力口入),leave(離開),go,refuse

(拒絕),fail(失敗),finish,buy,marry,divorce(離婚),awake(醒),

buy,borrow,lend...(背三遍!)

II.這類動詞并非不能用現(xiàn)在完成時,而是不能接常由for引導的時間狀語。

in.但若是用在否定句中,非延續(xù)動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語

連用。

?Shehasgoneawayforamonth.(誤)

?Shehasbeenawayfbramonth(正)

?Themanhasdiedfortwoyears.(誤)

?Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.(正)

?Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?(誤)

?Howlonghaveyougotthebook.(正)

4.注意since的用法:

Theyhaven'thadanytroublesincetheycamehere.

Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.

Hehasbeenheresince1980.

Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.

5.幾組對比:

HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。

HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過上海。

Shehasgone.她已走了。

Sheisgone.她缺席了。(or她死了。)

Thedoorhasbeenclosed.門關(guān)上了。(動作)

Thedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。(狀態(tài))

測試精編:

1.Thepricesgoingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.

A.keepB.keptC.havekeptD.arekeeping

2.Forthewholeperiodoftwomonths,therenoraininthisarea.

A.isB.willbeC.hasbeenD.havebeen

3.TodayisJane'sweddingday.SheJohn.

A.havejustmarriedwithB.wasjustmarriedto

C.hasjustbeenmarriedtoD.justhasbeenmarriedto

4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,theyanywaterforages.

A.hadn*tB.haven'tC.haven'thadD.hadn*thad

5.Nowadayscomputerawideapplicationwiththedevelopmentof

productionandscience.

A.foundB.hasfoundC.findsD.hadfound

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(六)

新概念二冊語法精粹第六章英語句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)

精要:五種基本句型

1.主+謂(不及物動詞)

Mancanthink.Thefireisburning.

不可忽視:常用不及物動詞有

break,breathe,burn,smoke,swim,skate,appear,disappear,work,thinketc.

2.主+謂+表語(系動詞)

Hebecameascientist.

Sheisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.

不可忽視:常用系動詞:be,get,turn,feel,seem,appear,look

taste,sound,smell,become,go,proveetc.

3.主+謂+賓(及物動詞)

Welovepeace.

Theywillpaintthedoor.

常用動詞有:see,watch,need,love,like,study,answer,carry,etc.

4.主+謂+賓+賓補

Weelectedhimpresident.

Theypaintedthedoorwhite.

Iadvisedthestudentstorecitethetexts.

王牌重點:常用作賓補的形式:(請將每個例句大聲朗讀一遍)

(1)名詞:

ThecouplenamedtheirbabyJohnson.

(2)形容詞:

Ikeepthedooropen.

(3)副詞:

Thenaughtyboyknockedthebottleover.

(4)不定式:

Heorderedhismentofire.

(5)分詞:

Heheardmesinging.

Isawthevasebroken.

(6)介詞短語:

Theylookonhimasateacher.

(7)名詞性從句:

Iaskedhimwhathewasdoing.

5.(1)主+謂+間接賓語+直接賓語

Myfriendboughtmeagift.

Ipassedhimthebook.

(2)主+謂+直賓+介詞+間賓

Myfriendboughtagiftforme.

Ipassedthebooktohim.

忘記就意味著背叛一

常與介詞for搭配的動詞有:

buy,make,doget,play,call,choose,cook,fetch,find,keeporder,save,etc.

常與介詞to搭配的動詞有:

bring,give,grant,hand,pass,lend,offer,pay,promise,sell,send,show,each,

tell,throw,write,etc.

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(七)

七.過去完成時:had+過去分詞

1.表示過去某個動作或某個具體時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生、完成的動作?!斑^去的過去”。

?TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.

?TheplayhadbegunbeforeIgottothetheaterwithmyboyfriend.

2.過去完成時常用于hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than等固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)

中。(此乃超級重點句型,意為:“一……就”)

?Shehadhardly/scarcelygonetobedwhenthebellrang.

?Nosoonerhadhearrivedattherailwaystationthanhemetherparents.

(注意nosooner在句首時句型倒裝。)

3.intend(打算),mean(意味),hope(希望),want(想要),plan(計戈U)

等動詞的過去完成時用來表示本打算做而沒有做的事。

?Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhen1

wasabouttoleave.

(……原想昨天去看你……)

?Theyhadplanedtoholdafootballmatchlastweek,buttheyhadtocancelit

becausethebadweather.

(……原計劃上周舉行一場足球賽……)

測試精編:

1.-Let'shurry!Thepresidentiscoming.-Oh,Iwasafraidthatwe.

A.alreadymisshimB.hadalreadymissedhim

C.willmisshimalreadyD.havealreadymissedhim

2.YourlettercamejustasImyoffice.

A.wasleavingB.wouldleave

C.hadleftD.left

3.1mykeys,Ican*trememberwhereIlastsawthem.

A.waslosingB.lostC.hadlostD.havelost

4.Nobodyknewwheretheteacher.

A.hasgoneB.wouldhavegone

C.hadgoneD.wouldbegone

5.Thesportsmentrainingfor3hourswhenthecoachtoldthemtobreakoff

forrest.

A.havebeenB.are

C.hadbeenD.were

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(八)

新概念二冊語法精粹八.一般將來時:shall/will+動詞

八.一般將來時:shall/will+動詞原形

1.表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

?Hewillgraduatefromthecollegenextyear.

?Weshallfinishourworkasquicklyaspossible.

2.將來時的其它結(jié)構(gòu):(務(wù)必背下?。?/p>

I.begoingtodosomething.打算做某事。(美國口語中常讀作begonna)

?I'mgoingtobuyanewcoatthisfoil.

Lbegoingto與will的對比:下列情況須用will]

?rilbesixteenyearsoldnextyear.

?Itwillbethe20thofAugusttomorrow.

?Whenhecomes,Iwillgivehimyourmessage.

II.be+todosth.表示計劃安排做某事或用來征求意見。

?AmItotakeoverhiswork?

?Wearetomeetatthegate.

III.beabouttodosth.即將做某事。

?Thetalkisabouttobegin.

3.重點補充:

beonthepointofdoingsth.正要做某事

setouttodosth,著手做某事

setaboutdoingsth.開始做某事

測試精編:

1.-"Themeetingisscheduledtobeginat7o'clock.”

-"Butadelay."

A.itwillbeB.there'dbe

C.therewillbeD.thereis

2.HellleaveforParisbeforeyounextweek

A.willcomebackB.willbeback

C.comebackD.cameback

3.Ournextmeetingon1stDecember.

A.hasbeenheldB.willhold

C.istobeheldD.isholding

4.Whereawill,thereisaway.

A.therewillhaveB.hasbeenthere

C.thereis]2).therehasbeen

5.ItbeWednesdaytomorrow.

A.isgoingtoB.willC.isabouttoD.isto

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(九)

一、過去將來時的構(gòu)成:

過去將來時的謂語為:would/should+動詞原形(would通用于所有人稱,

should只用于第一人稱;should和would可縮寫為“,d”;shouldnot和would

not的縮寫形式分別為shouldn't和wouldn't。)

二、過去將來時的用法:

1.表示從過去某個時刻看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常用于賓語從句中。

?Hesaidthattheywouldmeetmeatthestation.

ItoldherIshould(或would)returnthebookinafewdays.

Mr.Smithtoldmethathe'dbegintowritethebooksoon.

測試精編:

1.Ontelevisionlastnightthenewscasterannouncedthattheleaderon

Saturday.

A.isarrivingB.willarrive

C.wouldbearrivedD.wouldarrive

2.Hetoldusthathewouldbeginthedictationwhenweready.

A.willbeB.wouldbeC.wereD.are

3.Myaunttoseeus,shewouldbeheresoon.

A.iscorningB.wascoming

C.cameD.hadcame

4.Theywouldbegivenanewhouseifmorethenextyear.

A.willbebuiltB.wouldbebuilt

C.arebuiltD.werebuilt

新概念英語第二冊語法精粹及練習(十)

一.過去完成進行時的構(gòu)成為:hadbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞

Ihadbeenherewaitingfor30minutesbeforehearrived.他到之前,我已等了30

分鐘了。

二.過去完成進行時的用法

表示動作從過去某一時間之前開始,到過去某一時間仍在進行或剛剛結(jié)束;

同過去完成時一樣,過去完成進行時必須以某一特定過去時間為前提。同現(xiàn)在完

成時相似,過去完成進行時也強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。如:

HehadbeenlivingherebeforehewenttoEngland.

Ihadbeenwaitingintheroomforhalfanhourbeforeshecalledmein.

在她喊我進去之前,我已經(jīng)在房間里等了半個小時

?ShesaidthatshehadbeentypingapaperbeforeIcamein.

比較:

Thegirlhadcleaneduptheroom,soitwastidy.

Thegirlhadbeenclearinguptheroom,sowehadtowaitoutside.

測試精編:

1.Itforfourdayswhenwearrived,sothe

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