高中英語(yǔ)選修性必修第二冊(cè)Unit1ScienceandScientists同步練習(xí)-人教版2019

選擇性必修二Unit1ScienceandScientists同步練習(xí)

JohnSnowDefeats"KingCholera"同步練習(xí)（答題時(shí)間：40分鐘）一、閱讀七選五Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyournewneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.1Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房產(chǎn)）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.2Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takealongsmallagarbagebag.*3Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly二、完形填空“Paige,godowntotheoffice,"saidmyteacher.Therewasastrangetoneinher1.Iwasneverknowntogetintotrouble,soIknewsomethingwas2.Itgotevenmore*3whenmyteachersaidmymomwasonthephone.Didsomethinghappentomy4?Ipickedupthephone;Iwasbarelybreathingandmyhandswere*5."Honey,therewasabankrobbery（搶劫）todayandyourdad*6thecarchasethatfollowed.Heisdoingokay,butshotswerefiredathissquad（特別行動(dòng)小組）.〃Mydadhasbeena7forover20years.Everydayofmylife,Ihavelivedwiththe8thoughtthatsomethingcouldhappentohim.Ihavealwaysbeen9tomydad,andIdonotknowwhatIwoulddoifhewastakenawayfromme.Iamso10ofhisjob,butImustadmititwouldbe*11ifhehadanordinaryjob.OnApril28,mydadgotthecalltogotoabankrobbery.Therobbery12acarchase.Mydadwasdrivingfastto*13therobber.Overtheradio,afellowofficerwasyellingatmyfather14himtherobberwaspointingagunathissquad.Threeshotswerefired.Mydadnarrowlyescapedthosebullets.AllIhadtohearwasthatmydadwasinvolvedinashooting,andIwas15hisfuneral（葬禮）.Ithoughtthedaywouldneverend.MymomandIsatathomewaitingformydadtowalkthroughthedoor.Thesecondhedid,Irusheduptohimandgavehimthebiggest16intheworld.

Lifeisabout _17―_itwiththeonesyoulove.Whatisthe 18 oflifeifyoudonothaveyourfriendsandfamily?Thisexperiencehastaughtmea *19 .Ihavelearnedtolivemylifetothe 20 andnevertotakeanyoneoranythingforgranted.1.A.mindappearanceB.heart C.voice D.2.A.wrongB.exciting C.boring D.common3.A.encouragingD.annoyingB.confusing C.satisfying4.A.schoolB.class C.family D.team5.A.wavingB.shaking C.suffering D.moving6.A.tookinresultedinB.calledin C.joinedin D.7.A.policemanB.coach C.professor D.doctor8.A.anxiousD.unnecessaryB.optimistic C.interesting9.A.hatefulhelpfulB.close C.cruel D.10.A.tiredashamedB.proud C.jealous D.11.A.harderwealthierB.poorer C.easier D.12.A.gaveoutturnedintoB.tookaway C.cameacross D.13.A.keepupwithD.getawayfromB.lookupto C.riseupagainst

14.A.inspiringB.warningC.comfortingD.14.A.inspiringB.warningC.comfortingD.instructingA.describingB.refusing C.holding D.imaginingA.cry B.hug C.successD.shockA.comparingB.sharing C.hiding D.regretting18.A.wayB.atmosphereC.fortuneD.point19.A.subjectB.methodC.lessonD.skill20.A.happiestB.fullestC.longestD.highest三、寫作假如你是李華，聽(tīng)說(shuō)你的好朋友Amy在重要考試前總是很緊張。你給他回一封信，給予一些建議。要點(diǎn)如下：.對(duì)待考試要有正確的態(tài)度；.足夠的睡眠可助你在考試中表現(xiàn)更好；.適當(dāng)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫你在考試前放松。注意：100詞左右，所給的句子不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)DearAmy,I’msorrytohearthatyoufeelrathernervouswheneveryou'retakinganyimportantexam.anyimportantexam.Yours,LiHuaJohnSnowDefeats"KingCholera"同步練習(xí)參考答案、G解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講如果你想成為鄰居中一個(gè)可以接受和有價(jià)值的部分，最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是確保你的行為舉止像一個(gè)好鄰居。下文是具體做法，G項(xiàng)：這里有一些技巧，可以幫助你迅速贏得鄰居的信賴。承上啟下，故選G。F解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段介紹和鄰居關(guān)系融洽最重要的是保持干凈整潔的戶內(nèi)戶外環(huán)境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中keepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.保持街上的一切新鮮和誘人，與本段意思一致，故選F。E解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要建議要重視社區(qū)的整體面貌，出門拿上一個(gè)垃圾袋，￡項(xiàng)：遇到從路過(guò)的汽車?yán)锶映龅膹U紙，把它撿起來(lái)。與上句連接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故選E。B解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段是建議用鄰居可以接受的方式幫助他們，同時(shí)尊重鄰居的隱私。B項(xiàng)：好鄰居就是喜歡在小的方面幫助別人的人，符合本段內(nèi)容，故選B。C解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。最后一段是總結(jié)，只要我們考慮周到，尊重他人，照顧好屬于自己的東西，為周圍的人感到自豪，很快就會(huì)成為一個(gè)大家都喜歡的好鄰居。C項(xiàng)中consideratebehavior是下文內(nèi)容的概括，故選C。二、C解析：根據(jù)tone可知這里是說(shuō)她的聲音里有一種奇怪的語(yǔ)氣。A解析：根據(jù)“Iwasneverknowntogetintotrouble"可知，"我”知道出了一些事。wrong“（狀況）有問(wèn)題的”。B解析：當(dāng)“我”的老師說(shuō)是“我”媽媽打來(lái)的電話時(shí)，“我”更加困惑了。confusing“令人困惑的”。C解析：根據(jù)上下文并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，作者猜想是否家里出事了。故選C。B解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境尤其是“Iwasbarelybreathing”可知，“我”很緊張，所以“我”的手在顫抖。shake“顫抖”。C解析：根據(jù)下文中的“AllIhadtohearwasthatmydadwasinvolvedinashooting”可知，父親參與了隨后的汽車追捕。takein"領(lǐng)會(huì)，欺騙”；callin“打電話來(lái)，召來(lái)”；joinin“參加”；resultin“導(dǎo)致”，故選C。A解析：由下文中講述的父親的故事以及上文中出現(xiàn)的“hissquad（特別行動(dòng)小組）”可知，“我”的父親做了二十多年的警察。故選A。A解析：根據(jù)下文中的“thatsomethingcouldhappentohim”可知，每天“我”都有這種焦慮的想法。anxious“焦慮的"；optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”；interesting“有趣的"；unnecessary“不必要的”。B解析：根據(jù)下文中的“andIdonotknowwhatIwoulddoifhewastakenawayfromme”可知，“我”和“我”的父親很親近。B解析：由but后的內(nèi)容可知，作者因父親的工作而感到自豪。beproudof"因……而自豪”。C解析：但“我”必須承認(rèn)，如果他有一份普通的工作，事情會(huì)容易得多。D解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文內(nèi)容可知，搶劫（后來(lái)）變成了汽車追捕。giveout“分發(fā)”；takeaway“帶走”；comeacross"偶然遇見(jiàn)"；turninto“變成”。A解析：“我”的爸爸開(kāi)得很快以便追上那個(gè)搶劫犯。女00口口口01行“跟上"；lookupto“仰慕”；riseupagainst"奮起，反抗"；getawayfrom"擺脫”。B解析：根據(jù)下文中的“therobberwaspointingagunathissquad”可知，一位警官在提醒“我"爸爸。warn“提醒”；inspire“啟迪”；instruct“命令”。D解析：結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，“我”在得知父親參與了槍擊案后想象了他的葬禮。imagine“想象”；describe"描述"；refuse“拒絕”。B解析：父親到家后，“我”沖向他，給了他世界上最大的擁抱。hug“擁抱”；shock“震驚”。B解析：由上文敘述的“我”對(duì)父親的擔(dān)心可知，生活就是與你所愛(ài)的人分享它。compare“對(duì)比”；regret“后悔”。D解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是說(shuō)如果你沒(méi)有朋友和家人，生活還有什么意義？atmosphere"氛圍"；point"意圖，目的"；fortune"財(cái)富"。C解析：根據(jù)下文"Ihavelearnedtolivemylifetothe20andnevertotakeanyoneoranythingforgranted”可知，這次經(jīng)歷給了"我”一個(gè)教訓(xùn)。B解析:"我”學(xué)會(huì)了充實(shí)地生活，不要把任何人或任何事視為理所當(dāng)然。tothefullest”達(dá)到最大程度，充分”。三、Onepossibleversion:DearAmy,I'msorrytohearthatyoufeelrathernervouswheneveryou'retakinganyimportantexam.Mostofushavesuchbadtimes,soddntworrytoomuchaboutit.I'dliketoofferyousomeusefultips.First,it'simportanttohavearightattitudetowardsexams.Theyhelpyoucheckhowyouaregettingalongwithyourstudies,sotheresultsarenottheimportant.Ifyoustudyhardandmakecarefulplansforexam,youcanbemoreconfident.Second,gettingenoughsleepcanmakeyouenergeticsothatyoucanperformwellinanexam.Therefore,youshouldnotstayuptoolate.Finally,youcandosomeoutdoorexercisestokeepyourselfrelaxedbeforeanexam.Ihopeyouwillfindmysuggestionshelpful.Yours,LiHuaTheFatherofChina,sAerospace；AWorldofPureThought同步練習(xí)（答題時(shí)間：40分鐘）一、閱讀理解Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworldsoceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean’swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT’sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3C,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging."shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive."Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges"It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,“Dutkiewiczsaid,"butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?Sensitive.BeneficialSignificantUnnoticeableWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchangesPhytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimateOceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.二、語(yǔ)法填空Let’sHelpAdolescentsWhethertheyaremaleorfemale,adolescentsfeellike1.(decide)oneverythingthemselvesinspiteofparent?sinstruction,2.(especial)whentheyfaceproblemslikesex,mentalstress,etc.,3.makethemfeelashamedandembarrassed.Thustheyoftenautomaticallygetintotroubleduetotheirimperfectcomprehensionand4.(judge).Someareaddictedtocigarettes,onlyseveralpacketsofwhichwillhurttheirlungsandmakethembreathlessquickly.Otherscan'tquitdrinkingalcohol,whoseharmfuleffectsincludecausingyoungpregnantwomentoabortorgivebirthtoabnormalbabies.Theworstisdrugabuse,5.thewithdrawal(戒毒過(guò)程)istoughoncetheirbodiesareaccustomed6.thedrugs.Meanwhile,thosewhoshareneedles7.(buy)fromillegalchemistsareatgreatriskof8.(infect)withdesperateAIDS.If9.,neitherinjectingdrugsnortakingpillscanguaranteetheirsurvival.However,don'tbedisappointedinorhaveprejudiceagainstourchildrensoeasily.Afterall,beingawkwardisanappendixofyouth.Aslongaswe10.(strength)communicationwiththeminsteadofonlybanningthisorbanningthat,wewillsurelyhelpthemavoidanythingunfit.三、寫作假如你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席李明，根據(jù)學(xué)校安排，你將在學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的開(kāi)幕式上做關(guān)于奧運(yùn)會(huì)的發(fā)言。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的了解，寫一篇100詞左右的發(fā)言稿。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：.關(guān)于奧運(yùn)會(huì)的介紹：公元前776年舉辦首屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)；奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉辦一次；五環(huán)旗代表的意義；奧運(yùn)會(huì)的口號(hào)等；.自己對(duì)奧運(yùn)會(huì)的認(rèn)識(shí)。要求：不能逐字逐句翻譯，但可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫。TheFatherofChina,sAerospace；AWorldofPureThought同步練習(xí)參考答案上B解析：主旨大意題。第一段“Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.”可知，到本世紀(jì)末，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上的海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。結(jié)合第二段“^theheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganismscalledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktonscreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentration”可知，這種現(xiàn)象的核心是一種叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光線的作用下在海洋表面形成了五顏六色的圖案。海洋的顏色從綠色到藍(lán)色不等，這取決于海洋的類型和浮游植物濃度。由此可推斷出這兩段主要敘述了海洋生物是海洋顏色變化的原因。分析選項(xiàng)可知B符合題意，故選B。A解析：猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.”可知，氣候變暖會(huì)改變海洋的主要特征，并會(huì)影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)。由“Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend”可知，浮游植物很容易受到海洋變暖趨勢(shì)的影響。可知A項(xiàng)正確。D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener,可知Dutkiewicz的模型預(yù)測(cè)，目前只有少量浮游植物的藍(lán)色區(qū)域可能會(huì)變得更藍(lán)。但是在一些水域，比如北極，氣候變暖會(huì)使浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，而這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了。由此可推斷，浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，浮游動(dòng)植物就更多了，這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意。C解析：主旨大意題。第一段提出文章的主旨“Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworldsoceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.“可知到本世紀(jì)末。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上的海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。再結(jié)合第三段'*aphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarningtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,…”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋變暖趨勢(shì)的影響，變暖改變了海洋的關(guān)鍵特征，并能影響浮游植物的生