2022-2023年甘肅省慶陽市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題一卷(含答案)

2022-2023年甘肅省慶陽市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題一卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

GiantPandasliketolivetogetherinallseasons.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.ABookThatChangedOurThinking

—ByKarlKrahnke

TheBook

Americain1962wasstillemergingfromthecomfortabledecadeofthe1950s,atimeinwhichlifegenerallyseemedgoodandmanytechnologicaladvancesoftheprevioustwentyorthirtyyearspromisedahappier,healthier,andsaferfuture.Butcloudswereonthehorizon,andmanyofthequestionsanddoubtsthatwouldcharacterizethedecadeofthe1960swerealreadyapparent.Onecloudthatquicklybecameamajorstormtooktheform.ofabookthatwaspublishedin1962,SilentSpring.SilentSpringisoneofafewbooksthathavechangedhistory.

SilentSpringisaboutchemicals,specificallyaboutonetypeofchemicalchlorinatedhydrocarbons—andmorespecificallyaboutonefamousmemberofthatgroup,DDT.Manypeoplewhohavegrownupsincethe1960shavenotheardofDDT,butbeforeSilentSpring,andforanumberofyearsafterward,DDTanditsrelativeswereimportanttoolsinthecivilizedworld'sattempttocontrolnaturethroughtheuseoftechnologyandchemicals.DDTisapowerfulinsecticideandwasusedthroughouttheworldtokillinsectpestsofallkinds.

DDThadbeendiscoveredin1939andbegantobewidelyusedduringtheSecondWorldWar.Formanyyearsitseemedtobejustonemoremiraculousproductofmodernscience.DDTwasusedtodestroypopulationsofmanyharmfulinsects,malaria-carryingmosquitoes,lice,andflies.ThereisnoquestionthatDDTandsimilarchemicalsdid,andstillaredoing,alotofgood.Thedangerfrominsect-carrieddiseasessuchasmalariaandyellowfeverhasbeengreatlyreduced,andthelivesofmanypeoplehavebeensavedandlengthenedbytheiruse.

SilentSpring,however,toldabouttheothersideofDDTanditsrelatives.Usingcarefullycollectedscientificevidence,theauthorshowedthatDDTandsimilarpesticideshadatleasttwodangeroussideeffects.Oneofthesewasthetendencyofpesticidestokillalloftheinsectsinthelocationwheretheywereused.Notallinsectsareharmful,however.Manybees,forexample,perform.necessaryfunctions,suchaspollinatingplantsandevencontrollingthenumbersofother,moreharmful,insects.Whenusefulinsectsareeliminated,theresulthasoftenbeengreaterproblemsthanbeforethepesticidewasused.Asecondproblemwithchlorinatedhydrocarbonsisthattheydonotdisappearquickly;theyarestablechemicalsthataccumulateinthebodiesofinsectsandthebirdsandanimalsthateatthemandcontinuetodoharmwhenandwheretheeffectwasnotintended.BirdsareespeciallyaffectedbyDDT-typepesticides.Manybirdseatinsectsandwormsasfood,andthechemicalsthatwereintheinsectscollectintheirbodies,frequentlyleadingtotheirdeath.AsSilentSpringdemonstratedsoclearly,thedisappearanceofmanykindsofbirdswasduetothepresenceofpesticidesintheirfoodsources.

Mostimportantly,SilentSpringbroughttotheworldatlargethebeginningofanunderstandingofmodernecology.Webegantoseethatthenaturalworldweliveinismadeupofanumberofplants,insects,andanimals,somegood,somenotsogood,andthatwecannotencourageoreliminatesomewithoutproducingeffectsinmanyothers,andeveninourselves.

SilentSpringisapowerfulbook,beautifullyandsensitivelywritten,anditcarriesastrongmessage.Itisfullofcomplexscientificinformation,butitisequallyaveryhumanandcaringbook.Itdoesnottrytopresentabalancedpictureortofindexcusesforthemistakeswemadewithpesticides.Itisanargumentforanewanddifferentwayoflookingatnatureandourrelationshipwithnature.Thebook

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

ItcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatEmeryTobinhadadeep-rootedhatredfor______.

4.

Concerningthefutureofthehydrogeneconomy,themostobviousstepwewilltakeis__________________.

5.

Justlikefatigueandweakness,depressionisonesymptomof______.

6.

ThedeathratefromcigarettesmokinginAsiawillsomeday______.

7.America'sBrainDrainCrisis

LosingtheGlobalEdge

WilliamKurtzisaself-describedcomputergeek.Amoreaptdescriptionmightbecomputergenius.Whenhewasjust11,Kunzstartedwritingsoftwareprograms,andby14hehadcreatedhisownvideogame.AsahighschoolsophomoreinHouston,Texas,hewonfirstprizeinalocalsciencefairforadataencryption(編密碼)programhewrote.Inhissenioryear,hetooktopprizeinaninternationalscienceandengineeringfairfordesigningaprogramtoanalyzeandsortDNApatterns.

KunzwentontoattendCarnegieMellon,amongthenation'shighest-rankeduniversitiesincomputerscience.AftercollegehelandedajobwithOracleinSiliconValley,writingsoftwareusedbycompaniesaroundtheworld.

Kunzlookedsettobecomeastarinhisfield.Thenhegaveitallup.

Today,threeyearslater,KurtzisinhisfirstyearatHarvardBusinessSchool.Heleftsoftwareengineeringpartlybecausehisearningpotentialpalednexttofriendswhoweregoingintolaworbusiness.Healsoworriedaboutjobsecurity;especiallyasmorecompaniesmovetheirprogrammingoverseastolowercosts."Everytimeyou'reaskedtotrainsomeoneinIndia,youthink,'AmItrainingmyreplacement?'"Kunzsays.

Thingsareturningoutverydifferentlyforanotherstandoutinengineering,Qing-ShanJia.AstudentatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,Jiashinesevenamonghisgiftedcohorts(一群人)ataschoolsometimescalled"theMITofChina".HeconsideredapplyingtoHarvardforhisPhD,butdecideditwasn'tworthit.

Hisuniversityisinvestingheavilyincutting-edgeresearchfacilities,endattractsanimpressiverosterofinternationalprofessors."Icangetaworld-classeducationhereendstudywithworld-classscholars,"Jiasays,

Thesetwosnapshots(快照)illustratepartofadeeplydisturbingpicture.Inthedisciplinesunderpinningthehigh-techeconomy-math,scienceandengineering---Americaissteadilylosingitsglobaledge.Thedepthandbreadthoftheproblemisclear:

-SeveralofAmerica'skeyagenciesforscientificresearchanddevelopmentwillfacearetirementcrisiswithinthenexttenyears.

-Lessthan6%ofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantopursueengineeringdegrees,down36%fromadecadeago.

-In2000,56%ofChina'sundergraduatedegreeswereinthehardsciences;intheUnitedStates,thefigurewas17%.

-ChinawilllikelyproducesixtimesthenumberofengineersnextyearthanAmericawillgraduate,accordingtoMikeGibbonsoftheAmericanSocietyforEngineeringEducation.Japan,withhalfAmerica'spopulation,hasminted(鑄造)twiceasmanyinrecentyears.

"MostAmericansare'unawareofhowmuchsciencedoesforthiscountryendwhatwestandtoloseifwecan'tkeepup,"saysShirleyAnnJackson,presidentofRensselaerPolytechnicInstituteandchairoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.DavidBaltimore,presidentoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyandaNobellaureate,putsitbluntly:"Wecan'thopetokeepintactourstandardofliving,ournationalsecurity,ourwayoflife,ifAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience."

TheCrisisAmericansCreated

InJanuary2001,theHart-RudmanCommission,taskedwithfindingsolutionstoAmerica'smajornationalsecuritythreats,concludedthatthefailuresofAmerica'smathandscienceeducationandAmerica'ssystemofresearch"poseagreaterthreat...thananypotentialconventionalwar."

Therootsofthisfailurelieinprimaryandsecondaryeducation.Thenationthatproducedmostofthegreattechnologicaladvancesofthelastcenturynowscorespoorlyininternationalsciencetesting.A2003surveyofmathandscienceliteracyrankedAmerican15-year-old

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Infat-burningexercise,oneofthemostimportantgoalisto_____.

9.

Howmanykindsofanxietyarementionedinthepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

10.

Childrenwitha104-degreetemperatureorhighermaybemorecomfortableiftheirfeverisloweredwith______.

11.

Accordingtothepassage,eighthoursanight______.

A.isunlikeeightglassesofwateraday

B.isonlysoundintheory

C.isapplicabletoeveryone

D.isarulewithpublicobedience

12.

Acontrolfreakisapersonwho______.

A.alwaysfeelsoverwhelmed

B.wantstodoeverythingonhisown

C.isabletohandleeverything

D.setsaplanforeverythinghedoes

13.

In1930,TheGreenPastures,amusicalperformedbyjustblackactorsandactresses,opensonBroadway,February2

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

TopmanagementintheNextsocietywillbea______organ.

15.

Whichisthemasteroffivekindsofsensesforhumanbeing?

A.Thecerebralcortex.

B.Thebrain.

C.Thenerves.

D.Themuscles.

16.

Accordingtothepassage,landcanbepollutedby______fromagriculture.

A.heavymetals

B.pesticidesandnitrate-poorfertilizers

C.slurryfromlivestock

D.rubbish

17.

Allthe9,500womenwhoparticipatedintheresearchwouldhavelittleexercisesorwouldonlywalkjustamileadaybeforetheresearch.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Inordertogettheinformationofhowmuchsugarthereisinafood,youneedtohaveacloselookat______.

19.

______isonegreatbenefitoftheweb.

20.

AccordingtoWinston,themethodsof"leveraging"canhelppeople______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B7】

22.(14)

A.Themancangetbackhismoney.

B.Themancangetacreditcard.

C.Themancangetanotherpurchase.

D.Themancanreceiveanothergift.

23.(24)

A.TheUnitedStatesCopyrightOfficecreatedit.

B.Itdoesnotprotectartists'techniquesandprocedures.

C.Ithasnotbeenchangedsinceitscreation.

D.Itisappliedonlytocopiesoftheoriginalwork.

24.聽力原文：M:Ihearyou'reworkingasamarketsurveyorthissummer.It'sgoingtobedifficultaskingthesamequestionseveryday.

W:Well,itisreallychallenging,butIcanmeetpeopleindifferentfieldseverydayandthepayisdecentenough.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfindherjob?

(18)

A.Theworkishardjobwithlowsalary.

B.Thejobiseasyworkwithgoodincome.

C.Thejobischallengingbutrewarding.

D.Theonlygoodthingabouttheworkistomeetnewpeople.

25.(19)

A.HeisgoingtoProfessorHudson'shome.

B.Heisgoingtothemovieswiththewoman.

C.HeisgoingtothecinemawithJane.

D.Heisgoingtothedormtowritehisthesis.

26.(34)

A.Crudeattemptsweremadetoeducatethem.

B.Theywereusedformedicalexperiments.

C.Theywereusedaslaborers.

D.Theywerelockedawaylikecriminals.

27.聽力原文：W:Whataretheflowersfor,Richard?

M:Fiveyearsofhappiness.Happyanniversary.

W:Butouranniversaryisn'tuntilSaturday.

M:Icouldn'twait.Besides,wearenotgoingtobehereSaturday.

W:Wherearewegoingtobe?

M:Ifyouhadyourchoiceofalltheplacesintheworld,wherewouldyouchoosetospendouranniversary?

W:TheWatermillInn.Ilovedthatplacewhenwewentonourhoneymoon.

M:Perfect!Youpickedtherightplace.

W:Idon'tunderstand.

M:YouandIaregoingtospendasecondhoneymoonattheWatermillInn.

W:Oh,Richard!That'swonderful,but...

M:Nobuts,absolutelynot.Theworld'sgreatestgrandmother,Mrs.EllenStewart,hasagreedtotakecareofhimfortheweekend.

W:Butisn'tthattoomuchtoaskofyourmother?

M:Toomuch?ShelovestakingcareofMax.

W:But...I'llmisshim.

M:Well,we'llphoneeveryhour,andyoucanlistentohimoverthephone.Comeon.Honey,it'stimeyouandIhadaromanticweekendalonetogether.We'veearnedit.Whatdoyousay?

W:Itdoessoundtempting.You'reright.We'veearnedit.

M:Great!I'llmakeareservationfightnow.Rememberthatwonderfullittlebalconywherewehadourmeals...withaviewoftheHudsonRiver?

W:HowcouldIforget?

M:Mymomisavailabletobaby-sitthisweekend.

W:Well,OK.Checkiftheyhavearoom.

M:I'vealreadymadearrangements.Right!YouandIaregoingtohaveawonderful,romanticweekend!

(23)

A.Twoyears.B.Threeyears.C.Fiveyears.D.Eightyears.

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Face-to-facecontactisbynomeanstheonlyform.ofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthe【B1】______factorsofcontemporarysociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,【B2】______hasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhas【B3】______thetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnewsoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmost【B4】______byinternationalnews.

Nolongeristhe【B5】______ofinformationconfinedtoaprivileged【B6】______.Inthelastcenturythewealthypeoplewiththeirownlibrarywereindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsagopeopleusedto【B7】______tothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogrammethatisbeing【B8】______intomillionsofhomes.

Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.【B9】______.Theprinting,broadcastingandadvertisingindustries【B10】______.

Althoughagreatdealofthematerialcommunicatedbythemassmediaisveryvaluabletotheindividualandtothesociety,【B11】______.

【B1】

29.(22)

A.Thewomangetsaticket.

B.Themanarreststhewoman.

C.Thewomanistakentocourt.

D.Thewomanranaway.

30.

【B5】

31.(17)

A.Sheisgoingtohavesomevisitorstonight.

B.Shedoesnotliketheirformerforeignteachers.

C.Sheisgoingtoseeherforeignteacherstonight.

D.Shehasalreadybeeninvitedtotheman'shouse.

32.

【B9】

33.(31)

A.MaryMallondiedinhospital.

B.MaryMallondidnotpassontyphoid.

C.Foodcleanlinessisimportanttoourhealth.

D.Foodcanpassonallkindsofdiseases.

34.【B9】

35.聽力原文：Elephantslivemostlyongrass,leavesandfruit.Theyalsoeatthetwigsandbarkoftrees.Thequantityoffoodandwaterwhichtheyconsumeisenormous,andtheycanbeverydestructiveintheirsearchforfood,therearetwomaintypesofelephants.ThereistheAsiaticelephant,whichisfoundinIndia,forexample,andtheAfricanelephant.Superficiallytheyareverymuchalike,buttheAfricanelephantisgenerallylarger.OnecharacteristicofAsiaticelephantsisthattheydonotlikebeingexposedtothesun,andconsequentlytheyprefertoliveinshadyplaces.Theyarealsoveryfondofbathing.Apartfromthat,themostimportantdifferencebetweenthetwovarietiesisthattheAsiaticelephantismoreeasilytrained.ElephantsinIndia,forexample,havebeencaughtandtamedformanyhundredsofyears.Wehavealreadynotedthattheyhavegoodmemories,anditisthisthatmakesthemeasytotrain.Sincetheyareimmenselystrong,theycancarryanddraghugeobjects,suchasthetreesandrocks.Thismakesthemextremelyvaluableasbeastsofburden.

(30)

A.Asiaticelephantsarelarger.

B.Africanelephantsdonotlikebeingexposedtothesun.

C.Africanelephantsprefertoliveinshadyplaces.

D.Asiaticelephantsarefondofbathing.

36.(26)

A.AchildwithanaverageIQmaynotbesuccessfulwhenhegrowsup.

B.Somechildren'sabilitycannotbeeasilymeasured.

C.AchildshouldbejudgedonhisIQlevel.

D.Beinghappyinlifeisbeinggoodateverything.

37.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：TheMotherGooseStories,sowellknowntochildrenallovertheworld,arecommonlysaidtohavebeenwrittenbyalittleoldwomanforhergrandchildren.Accordingtosomepeople,shelivedinBoston,andherrealnamewasElizabethVergoose.Herson-in-law,aprinternamedThomasFleet,wassupposedtohavepublishedthefamousstoriesandpoemsforsmallchildrenin1719.However,nocopyofthisbookhaseverbeenfound,andmostscholarsdoubtthetrothofthisstory--anddoubt,moreover,thatMotherGoosewaseverarealparson.TheypointoutthatthenameisadirecttranslationoftheFrench"MereI'Ohe."In1679theFrenchmanCharlesPerraultpublishedthefirstbookinwhichthisnamewasused.Thecollectioncontainseighttales,including"SleepingBeauty","Cinderell,"and"PussinBoots."ButPerraultdidnotoriginatethesestories;theywerealreadyquitepopularinhisday,andheonlycollectedthem.

(27)

A.ThomasFleetpublishedtheMotherGooseStories.

B.ElizabethVergoosewrotethefirstMotherGooseStories.

C.TheMotherGooseStoriesweretranslatedintoFrench.

D.ElizabethVergoosepublishedthefirstMotherGooseStories.

38.(18)

A.Readingonthecampuslawn.

B.Depositingmoneyinthebank.

C.Applyingforfinancialaid.

D.Reviewingastudent'sapplication

39.【B4】

40.(36)

A.HefeelstheIndianswereunfairlytreated.

B.HebelievestheIndiansshouldhaveshowedrespecttogovernment.

C.HethinksthegovernmenthasalwaysrespectedtheIndians.

D.Hebelievesthegovernmentcanbejustified.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Wheredomost"tsunamigenic"earthquakesoccur?

42.Theissueofmediaownershipisimportantbecause______.

A.itaffectstheamountofmoneythestockholderswillmake

B.itdecideswhetherwecanhavedifferentaspectsofthemedia

C.itconcernsthechannelsthroughwhichtoexpressopinions

D.itmeansthatmoreandmorepeoplewillholdontoonlyafewstations

43.

Accordingtotheauthor,theeducationobjectivesarepreparingstudentsforcollege,careerand______.

44.

Thetaskoffindingthatonepieceofinformationrelevanttosearcher'sspecificproblemis______.

45.TheFDAdeclaresthatthewrongfullysoldpiglets______.

A.mayhavesideeffectsonconsumers

B.maybeharmfultoconsumers

C.aresafetoconsumers

D.maycausehumanillness

46.

【C6】

47.

Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Teacherswelcometheimpositionoftechnologyuses.

B.Higheradministration'ssupportisthemostcriticaltotheuseofinstrumentaltechnologies.

C.Theteacherusinginstrumentaltechnologiesmayhavelongertenure.

D.Theinstrumentaltechnologiesareeasytouse.

48.MywritingwastodeveloptopicsandthemesfrommyNativeAmericanbackground.TheexperienceinmyvillageofDeetziyamahandAcomaPueblowasreadilyaccessible.Mymotherwasapotterofthewell-knownAcomaclayware.Myfathercarvedfiguresfromwoodanddidheadwork.Thiswasnotunusual,asNativeAmericanpeopleknow;therewasalwayssomekindofartisticendeavorthatpeoplesetthemselvesto,althoughtheydidnotnecessarilyarticulateitas"Art"inthesenseofWesterncivilization.Onelivedandexpressedanartfullife,whetheritwasinceremonialsinginganddancing,architecture,painting,speakingorinthewayone'ssocial-culturallifewasstructured.Ididsobecausethiswasmyidentity,thesubstanceofwhoIwas,andIwantedtowriteaboutwhatthatmeant.MydesirewastowriteabouttheintegrityofaNativeAmericanidentity.

Toagreatextentmywritinghasanaturalpolitical-culturalbentsimplybecauseIwasnurturedintellectuallyandemotionallywithanatmosphereofNativeAmericanresistance.TheAcomaPueblo,despitelosingmuchoftheirlandandsurroundedbyaforeigncivilization,havenotlostsightoftheirnativeheritage.ThisisthefactualcasewithmostotherNativeAmericanpeoples,andtheclearexplanationforthishasbeenthefight-backwehavefoundnecessarytowage.Attimes,inthepast,itwasoutright-armedstruggle;currently,itisofteninthelegalarena,anditisinthefieldofliterature.In1981,whenIwasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseforaneventcelebratingAmericanpoetsandpoetry,Ididnotimmediatelyaccepttheinvitation,IquestionedmyselfaboutthepossibilitythatIwasmerelybeingexploitedasanIndian,andIhedgedagainstaccepting.ButthenIrecalled,theeldersgoingamongourpeopleinthepoordaysofthe1950s,askingfordonations--adollarhereandthere,asheep,perhapsapieceofpottery--inordertofinanceatriptothenation'scapital,todemandjustice,toreclaimlostlandeventhoughtherewasonlysparehopetheywouldbesuccessful.IwenttotheWhiteHouserealizingthatIwastodonolessthantheyandthosewhohadfoughtnthePuebloRevoltof1680,andIreadmypoemsandsangsongsthatwerelaterdescribedas"guttural"byanewspaper.IsupposeitismoreorlessunderstandablewhysuchaviewofNativeAmericanliteratureisheldbymany,anditisalsoclearwhythereshouldbeapoliticalstandtakeninmywritingandthoseofmysisterandbrotherNativeAmericanwriters.

The1960sandafterwardhavebeenainvigoratingandliberatingperiodforNativeAmericanpeople.IthasbeenonlyalittlemorethantwentyyearssinceNativeAmericanwritersbegantowriteandpublishextensively,butwearewritingandpublishingmoreandmore;wecanonlygoforward.Wecomefromanageless,continuingoraltraditionthatinformsusofourvalues,concepts,andnotionsasnativepeople,anditisamazinghowmuchofthistraditionisingrainedsodeeplyinourcontemporarywriting,consideringthebrutaleffortsofculturalrepressionthatwasnotlongagooutrightU.S.policy.Wewerenottospeakourlanguages,practiceourspiritualbeliefs,oracceptthevaluesofourpastgenerations;andwewerediscouragedfrompressingforournaturalrightsasNativeAmericanhumanbeings.Inspiteofthefactthatthereistosomeextentthesamerepressiontoday,wepersistandinsistonliving,believing,hoping,loving,speakingandwritingasNativeAmericans.

Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat______.

A.theauthorremembershischildhood,especiallyhisparentsandtheeldersinhiscommunity,inaverypositiveway

B.adesiretoclingtotraditionalNativeAmericanvaluesledtheauthortowriteaboutNativeAmericanissues

C.artisanimportantpartofNativeAmericanlifeandshouldbeapartofeveryone'sexistence

D.theartfulnatureofNativeAmericanlifecompelstheauthortoexploreandworshipthatheritage

49.

Ascientistbeinginterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach______.

A.appliedscience

B.environmentalscience

C.purescience

D.agriculturalscience

50.

Whichofthefollowinggivesthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Womendifferintheirattitudestowardthemultiplerolessocietyassignstothem.

B.Women'smultiplerolescanbebothpositiveandnegativeandaredecidedinsocialandculturalcontext.

C.Whethertohaveajoborafamilytolookaftershouldbeawoman'spersonalchoice.

D.Thedebateaboutwomen'smultiplerolescouldberenderedobsoletebychangesinsocietalexpectations.

51.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Noverysatisfactoryaccountofthemechanismthatcausedtheformationoftheoceanbasinshasyetbeengiven.Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheupperlayeroftheearthbehavesasaliquidwhenitissubjectedtosmallfocusforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproducemovementsintheupperlayeroftheearthwithrisingcurrentsunderthemid-oceanridges(山脊)andsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.Theoretically,thesemovementswouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccuralongtheridge.Thisviewmaybecorrect.Ithastheadvantagethatthecurrentsaredrivenbytemperaturedifferencesthatthemselvesdependonthepositionofthecontinents.

Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisunconvincingbecausethemovementsdonotnormallyoccuralonglines,anditcertainlydoesnotoccuralonglinesbrokenbyfrequentchangesindirection,astheridgeis.Also,itisdifficulttoseehowthetheoryappliestotheplatebetweentheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean.Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides,andsincethereisnointermediatetrench,thetworidgesmustbemovingapart.Analternativetheoryisthatthesinkingpartoftheplate,whichisdenserthanthehottersurroundings,pullstherestofplateafterit.AgainitisdifficulttoseehowthisappliestotheridgeintheSouthAtlantic,whereneithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatehasasinkingpart.

Anotherpossibilityisthatthesinkingplatecoolstheneighboringmantle(地幔)andproducesmotioncurrentsthatmovetheplates.Thislasttheoryisattractivebecauseitgivessomehopeofexplainingtheneighboringmantleandproducesmotioncurrentsthatmovetheplates.Thislasttheoryisattractivebecauseitgivessomehopeofexplainingtheenclosedseas.Theseseashaveatypicaloceanicfloor,exceptthatthefloorisoverlaidbyseveralkilometersofsediment(沉積物).Theirfloorshaveprobablybeensinkingforlongperiods.Itseemspossiblethatasinkingcurrentofcooledmaterialontheuppersideofthemightbethecauseofsuchdeepbasins.Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth'ssurfaceandseriouslyrequireexplanation.

Whichofthefollowingtitleswouldbestdescribethecontentofthetext?

A.SeveralTheoriesofOceanBasinFormation.

B.TheTraditionalViewoftheOceans.

C.TemperatureDifferencesAmongtheOceans.

D.MotionsandOceanCurrents.

52.

Whichofthefollowingbestillustratesthemajorviewofthepassage?

A.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

B.Oppositesattracteachother.

C.Greatmindsthinkalike.

D.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

53.

Differingfromrepresentat