科學偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義演示文稿

科學偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義演示文稿現(xiàn)在是1頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日（優(yōu)選）科學偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義現(xiàn)在是2頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日科學偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義現(xiàn)代物理與神秘主義現(xiàn)代物理學宗師的看法科學研究的原動力現(xiàn)在是3頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日現(xiàn)代物理現(xiàn)代物理–人類開始掌握對宏觀及微觀宇宙的認知微觀世界的基本法:量子力學(QuantumMechanics)–影響深遠:物理、化學、天文、份子生物、新技術-如納米科技、半導體、激光、核能???宏觀宇宙法則:相對論(Relativity)–影響深遠:物理、天文、宇宙學、新技術-如太空科技、核能???現(xiàn)代物理的飛躍進步，對人類思想帶來不少衝擊現(xiàn)代物理證明神的存在？支持神秘主義？現(xiàn)在是4頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日XeonNickelFeonCu現(xiàn)在是5頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日「大球場」現(xiàn)在是6頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日製造新化學合成物現(xiàn)在是7頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日核能以核反應提取能量E=mc2

每克物質=9x1013

焦耳(Joules)!~二千萬公斤黃色炸藥溫度達三億度!現(xiàn)在是8頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日激光融合現(xiàn)在是9頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日利用大型望遠鏡觀測宇宙遠方（早期）現(xiàn)在是10頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日神秘主義(Mysticism)Mysticism:“isthepursuitofachievingcommunionwithorconsciousawarenessofultimatereality,thedivine,spiritualtruth,orGodthroughdirect,personalexperience(intuitionorinsight)ratherthanrationalthought;…Mysticsclaimtoexperienceintuitiveknowledgeoftranscendentdimensions,beyondthephenomenalormaterialconcreteobjectsofordinaryperception.”

(/wiki/Mysticism)通過直觀的而非理性的思考，追求與真理的共融交流。現(xiàn)在是11頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日量子力學與神秘主義量子力學的一個基本假設:物理態(tài)之疊加(superpositionofstates)例如:粒子位置為一物理態(tài);經(jīng)典物理→粒子同一時間只有一個位置(態(tài))量子物理→粒子同時可有多個位置，以或然分佈xx1x2|x1>或|x2>a|x1>+b

|x2>+c|x3>+…

只可預測機率，能確定!非決定論!量度時或然揀選其中一態(tài)→觀測者與被觀測者不可分割!現(xiàn)在是12頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日量子力學與神秘主義量子粒子相互重疊，甚至可以有很強的關連萬物皆由基本粒子組成→萬物不可分→天地萬物與我合一？FritjofCapra,‘TheTaoofPhysics’(Shambhala,Boston,2000);GaryZukav,‘Thedancingwulimasters:anoverviewofthenewphysics’(Morrow,NewYork,1979).現(xiàn)在是13頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日玻爾選用的族徽玻爾的互補原理(ComplementaryPrinciple)及海森堡的測不準定理(UncertaintyPrinciple)常被視為量子物理「證明」或「發(fā)現(xiàn)」神秘主義。現(xiàn)在是14頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日相對論與宗教相對論:時間與空間為一體(四維)，可相互轉化;時空被質量扭曲，做成萬有引力;質量和能量本質相同，可相互轉化→第四維乃靈性之門？能量（光）即是神？宇宙時空膨脤→宇宙萬物源於極小空間:大爆炸理論→神創(chuàng)造宇宙？現(xiàn)在是15頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日現(xiàn)代物理學宗師們的看法現(xiàn)在是16頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日物理（科學）與宗教無關!不可用科學來驗證宗教!科學與宗教是不同範疇的思想?？茖W只對論實驗／感觀見到的「現(xiàn)實」，只是真理不完整的投影，並不是真理?？茖W手段是用數(shù)學模擬及歸納現(xiàn)象，並不直觀真理!Einstein,Schr?dinger,Heisenberg,Bohr,Eddington,Pauli,deBroglie,Jeans,Planck現(xiàn)在是17頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日NielsBohrErwinSchr?dingerWernerHeisenbergMaxPlanckLouisdeBroglieWolfgangPauliArthurEddington現(xiàn)在是18頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日Eddington:“Idonotsuggestthatthenewphysics‘provesreligion’

orindeedgivesanypositivegroundsforreligiousfaiths…FormyownpartIamwhollyopposedtoanysuchattempt.”Jeans:“…Butthefinalharvestwillalwaysbeasheafofmathematicalformulae.Thesewillneverdescribenatureitself…[Thus]ourstudiescanneverputusintocontactwithreality.”Eddington:“WeshouldsuspectanintentiontoreduceGodtoasystemofdifferentialequations.…Wehavelearntthattheexplorationoftheexternalworldbythemethodsofphysicalscienceleadsnottoaconcreterealitybuttoashadowworldofsymbols,beneathwhichthosemethodsareunadaptedforpenetrating.”Schr?dinger:“Pleasenotethattheveryrecentadvance[ofquantumandrelativisticphysics]doesnotlieintheworldofphysicsitselfhavingacquiredthisshadowycharacter;ithadeversinceDemocritusofAbderaandevenbefore,butwewerenotawareofit;wethoughtweweredealingwiththeworlditself.”Eddington:“Thematerialistwhoisconvincedthatallphenomenaarisefromelectronsandquantaandthelikecontrolledbymathematicalformulae,mustpresumablyholdthebeliefthathiswifeisaratherelaboratedifferentialequation,…”現(xiàn)在是19頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日Jeans:“…theoutstandingachievementoftwentieth-centuryphysicsisnotthetheoryofrelativitywithitsweldingtogetherofspaceandtime,orthetheoryofquantawithitspresentapparentnegationofthelawsofcausation,orthedissectionoftheatomwiththeresultantdiscoverythatthingsarenotwhattheyseem;itisthegeneralrecognitionthatwearenotyetincontactwithultimatereality.Wearestillimprisonedinourcave,withourbackstothelight,andcanonlywatchtheshadowsonthewall.”Heisenberg:“Thephilosophiccontentofascienceisonlypreservedifscienceisconsciousofitslimits.Greatdiscoveriesofthepropertiesofindividualphenomenaarepossibleonlyifthenatureofthephenomenaisnotgeneralizedaprior.Onlybyleavingopenthequestionoftheultimateessenceofabody,ofmatter,ofenergy,etc.,canphysicsreachanunderstandingoftheindividualpropertiesofthephenomenathatwedesignatebytheseconcepts,anunderstandingwhichalonemayleadustorealphilosophicalinsight.”科學的局限!Eddington:“…

boththeoldandthenewphysicsweredealingwithshadow-symbols,butthenewphysicswasforcedtobeawareofthatfact

–forcedtobeawarethatitwasdealingwithshadowsandillusions,notreality.”現(xiàn)在是20頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日Pauli:“Themostsatisfactorycourse,itseemsistointroduceatthispointthepostulateofanorderofthecosmosdistinctfromtheworldofappearances,andnotamatterofourchoice.WhetherwespeakofnaturalobjectsparticipatingintheIdeasorofthebehaviorofmetaphysical,i.e.,intrinsicallyrealthings,therelationbetweensenseperceptionandIdearemainsaconsequenceofthefactthatboththesoulandwhatisknowninperceptionaresubjecttoanorderobjectivelyconceived.”Pauli:“…But,contrarytothestrictdivisionoftheactivityofthehumanspiritintoseparatedepartments–adivisionprevailingsincethenineteenthcentury–Iconsidertheambitionofovercomingopposites,includingalsoasynthesisembracingbothrationalunderstandingandthemysticalexperienceofunity,tobethemythos,spokenorunspoken,ofourpresentdayandage.”Eddington:“Myconclusionisthat,althoughforthemostpartourinquiryintotheproblemofexperienceendsinaveilofsymbols,thereisanimmediateknowledgeinthemindsofconsciousbeingswhichliftstheveilinplaces;whatwediscernthroughtheseopeningsisofmentalandspiritualnature.”超越理性的認知Planck:“…Thepurerationalisthasnoplacehere.”現(xiàn)在是21頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日科學研究的原動力現(xiàn)在是22頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日「我堅信科學研究最強烈及最高尚的動力，源自人類與天地共通的宗教感覺?！?愛因斯坦

“Imaintainthatthecosmicreligiousfeelingisthestrongestandnoblestmotiveforscientificresearch.”-AlbertEinsteinEinstein:“Theindividualfeelsthefutilityofhumandesiresandaimsandthesublimityandmarvelousorderwhichrevealthemselvesbothinnatureandintheworldofthought.Individualexistenceimpresseshimasasortofprisonandhewantstoexperiencetheuniverseasasinglesignificantwhole.”現(xiàn)在是23頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日畢達哥拉斯(Pythagoras)的宇宙完美的和諧數(shù)學與音樂的統(tǒng)一:弦線長度與音符的關係數(shù)學(幾何)規(guī)律宇宙的和諧J.James,“TheMusicoftheSpheres–Music,ScienceandtheNaturalOrderoftheUniverse”(Springer-Verlag,NewYork,1993).Monochord單弦現(xiàn)在是24頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日畢達哥拉斯的哲學/科學宇宙的和諧音樂數(shù)學科學哲學天文學現(xiàn)在是25頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日畢達哥拉斯的宇宙論星體（包括地球）為球體行星運動發(fā)出的聲音合成諧聲“Themotionofbodiesofthatsizemustproduceanoise,sinceonourearththemotionofbodiesfarinferiorinsizeandspeedofmovementhasthateffect.Also,whenthesunandthemoon,theysay,andallthestars,sogreatinnumberandinsize,aremovingwithsorapidamotion,howshouldtheynotproduceasoundimmenselygreat?Startingfromthisargument,andtheobservationthattheirspeeds,asmeasuredbytheirdistances,areinthesameratiosasmusicalconcordances,theyassertthatthesoundgivenforthbythecircularmovementofthestarsisaharmony.”fromAristotle,OntheHeavens,describingPythagoreansCosmology.阿里士多德對畢達哥拉斯宇宙論的描述C,D,Eb,E,G,A,Bb,B,D地

月水

金日

火木

土恆星現(xiàn)在是26頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日畢氏的宇宙論以不同形式留傳，包括阿里士多德Aristotle(384–322BC)的地心說

Geocentricmodel地月水星金星太陽火星Saturn恆星Jupiter木星土星現(xiàn)在是27頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日及哥白尼Copernicus

(1473–1543AD)的日心說

(Heliocentricmodel)革命Revolution!地球在高速運動!現(xiàn)在是28頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日開普勒JohannesKepler(1571-1630)現(xiàn)代天文學之父

從第谷的觀測數(shù)據(jù)歸納出三條行星運動定律“TheHarmonyoftheUniverse”畢氏系統(tǒng)之推廣

(單音→多音)發(fā)揚以數(shù)學/音樂去理解宇宙!“WhatKeplerattemptedhereis,simply,tobaretheultimatesecretoftheuniverseinanall-embracingsynthesisofgeometry,music,astrology,astronomy,andepistemology.”–ArthurKoestler現(xiàn)在是29頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日開普勒的交響樂比較行星近日點及遠日點移動角度的比例例如土星比例為

5:4,剛好為三度音階(d-m)火星:五度,木呈:副調三度,水星:八度+三度,地球:半音階每行星不斷變音，共同譜出交響樂水星“themovementsoftheheavensarenothingexceptacertaineverlastingpolyphony”–Kepler,TheHarmonyoftheUniverse土星現(xiàn)在是30頁\一共有32頁\編輯于星期日Planck:“He[Kepler]hadtosufferdisillusionafterdisillusionandevenhadtobegforthepaymentofthearrearsofhissalarybytheReichstaginRegensburg.Hehadtoundergotheagonyofhavingtodefendhisownmotheragainstapublicindictmentofwitchcraft.Butonecanrealize,instudyinghislife,thatwhatrenderedhimsoenergeticandtirelessandproductivewastheprofoundfaithhehadinhisownscience,notthebeliefthathecouldeventuallyarriveatanarithmeticalsynthesisofhisastronomicalobservations,butrathertheprofoundfaithintheexistenceofadefiniteplanbehindthewholeofcreation.”Pauli:“Theprocessofunderstandinginnature,togetherwiththejoythatmanfeelsinunderstanding,i.e.,inbecomingacquaintedwithnewknowledge,seemsthereforetorestuponacorrespondence,acomingintocongruenceofpreexistentinternalimagesofthehumanpsychewithexter