補(bǔ)充文檔：Powerfulmusic微課

Unit3PowerfulMusic補(bǔ)充文檔(連詞和狀語(yǔ)從句2)考點(diǎn)一連詞在句中連接單詞、短語(yǔ)、從句或者句子的詞為連詞。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，連詞通常分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。1.并列連詞按照在句中的作用可分為：表并列關(guān)系的連詞(and，aswellas，both...and...，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...等)、表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞(but，yet，however，while，nevertheless等)、表選擇關(guān)系的連詞(or，either...or...，otherwise等)、表因果關(guān)系的連詞(for，so，therefore等)?！猈hydoyoulikestayinginGuiyang?—Becausetheweatherthereisneithertoohotnortoocold.2.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或狀語(yǔ)從句的主要有以下從屬連詞：that，whether，if，as，when，while，till，until，since，after，before，because，though，although，so...that，where等。Iarrivedafterheleft.考點(diǎn)二時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1.when，while，as都可譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。當(dāng)主句動(dòng)作是瞬時(shí)的，從句動(dòng)作是延續(xù)的時(shí)，三者都可以用。as強(qiáng)調(diào)主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。while從句的謂語(yǔ)必須是延續(xù)的，不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Shesangaswewalked.Ilistenedcarefullywhileshewassinging，andwefelthappywhenwegothome.我們一邊走她一邊唱，她唱的時(shí)候我認(rèn)真聽(tīng)。到家的時(shí)候我們感覺(jué)很高興。2.until和not...untiluntil要與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用；not...until要與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.3.特殊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞1)themoment，theminute，theinstant，thesecond；nosooner...than...；hardly/scarcely...when...等以及表示瞬間的directly，immediately，表示“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于assoonas。nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中nosooner和hardly/scarcely引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而than和when引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，此外，nosooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。TellhimthenewstheminuteyoumeetTom.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.2)nexttime，thefirsttime，lasttime，everytime，thespring(summer，autumn，winter)等，這類短語(yǔ)名詞直接用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。EverytimeIseehimhewearsapleasantsmile.4.bythetime也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“到……時(shí)為止”，主句一般用完成時(shí)態(tài)。Bythetimehewasfourteen，Einsteinhadlearnedadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.(從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí))5.幾組固定形式1)Itwillbe＋一段時(shí)間＋before...多久之后才……2)Itis＋一段時(shí)間＋since...自從……以來(lái)已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。3)beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；onthepointofdoing...when...Itwillbetwodaysbeforehereturns.ItisthreeyearssinceIcamehere.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmycousincame.考點(diǎn)三結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句其常用句型：so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句so＋many/much/little(少)/few＋名詞＋that從句such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句such＋形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogooutforawalk.考點(diǎn)四because，since，as和nowthat1.because為常用詞，且說(shuō)明的是直接原因，并可回答why引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句。2.as，since和nowthat語(yǔ)氣較弱，常用來(lái)表示一些顯而易見(jiàn)或?qū)Ψ街赖脑?。since譯為“既然，鑒于”時(shí)不可用as替換。Ididn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.—Whyareyoulatetoday?—BecauseIdidn'tcatchthebus.Asit'sraining，you'dbettertakeataxi.Sinceeverybodyishere，let'sbegin.考點(diǎn)五讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：though，although，evenif/though，however，nomatterhow，nomatterwhat，nomatterwho等。1.though，although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)都不能和but連用，但可以同yet(still)連用。Althoughheisrich，yetheisnothappy.2.as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句時(shí)，從句要采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemstodotheworkwell.Youngas/thoughheis,heisexpertinthisfield.3.whether...ornot意為“無(wú)論(是否)”。Whetheryoubelieveitornot，itistrue.4.however＋形容詞/副詞＝nomatterhow＋形容詞/副詞……，意為“無(wú)論多么……”。Nomatterhowcolditis，hestillworksoutdoors.5.wh-ever等一系列連詞既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于nomatterwh-，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。而nomatterwh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Nomatterwhathappened，hewouldnotmind.＝Whateverhappened，hewouldnotmind.考點(diǎn)六條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常分為兩大類：真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if，unless/if...not，aslongas/solongas，asfaras/sofaras，provided/providing(that)，onconditionthat等。1.條件狀語(yǔ)從句中如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果條件狀語(yǔ)從句中出現(xiàn)過(guò)去式，則為虛擬條件句，那么主句要用相應(yīng)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。Ifheisnotathome，Iwillcomeagain.Ifhehadlistenedcarefully，hewouldhavedoneitbetter.2.unless相當(dāng)于if...not，在虛擬條件句中可用if...not，但不能用unless。Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.Ifshewerenottoosilly，shewouldunderstandit.考點(diǎn)七目的狀語(yǔ)從句目的狀語(yǔ)從句常用的連詞(短語(yǔ))有sothat(以便)，inorderthat(以便)，lest，incase，forfearthat...等。1.sothat/inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，could等。inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前或之后，而sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。Hespokeloudlysothat/inorderthatallthepeoplecouldhearhimclearly.2.lest，in