八年級(jí)英語：七選五專項(xiàng)-教師版

八年級(jí)專項(xiàng)講義

——七選五專項(xiàng)題型解析.選材特點(diǎn)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，把原文中空缺的句子還原到適當(dāng)位置，是濟(jì)南市2016年中考閱讀理解試題新增加的題型。該試題選材一般貼近生活實(shí)際，具有很強(qiáng)的時(shí)代氣息，文章內(nèi)容邏輯性強(qiáng)，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，便于考生結(jié)合上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和前后內(nèi)容的聯(lián)系做出正確的分析。.考查內(nèi)容客觀全面考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解判斷能力、歸納概括能力、邏輯推理能力?？疾閷W(xué)生對(duì)篇章句子之間、段落之間的連貫性和一致性的熟練把握能力。.設(shè)題原則詞數(shù)200個(gè)左右，以記敘文或議論文為主；短文中設(shè)5個(gè)空格，7個(gè)給定句子，其中有兩項(xiàng)是多余的干擾項(xiàng)。短文中所空缺的句子大致有三種類型：上下文過渡性句子、前文有生僻的單詞或短語，以及有語法理解困難或容易引起歧義的句子的進(jìn)一步解釋說明的句子；還有一類就是對(duì)全文或某一段主旨大意、寫作意圖等方面的概括句?？偨Y(jié)：設(shè)空位置&設(shè)空特點(diǎn)段首：概括全段承上啟下段中：過渡&細(xì)節(jié)段末：總結(jié)全段&承上啟下高分攻略1.速讀全文，尋找主旨和選擇或判斷題型的閱讀理解短文做題思路是一樣的，首先要專心快速瀏覽全文，弄清文章主要介紹表達(dá).答案：F解析：句意：我承諾過她，我會(huì)照顧好我自己，因?yàn)槲覍?duì)她來說很重要。這句話與本段開頭的IpromisehertostudyhardintheuniversitybecauseIamherhope.相呼應(yīng)。.答案：A解析：句意：這對(duì)我來說是最開心的一段時(shí)光。作為本段的中心句，后面主要是著重講述了跟父母在一起的時(shí)光是最開心的。.答案：C解析：句意：有時(shí)“愛無需多說,給他們打個(gè)電話，告訴他們你牽掛這他們。練習(xí)五InsomeWesterncountries,manychildrendochorestogetpocketmoney（零花錢）.1.Schoolstudentshavetodohomeworkandstudyfortests.2Theyoftendochoresonweekends.3.Sotheydon'tgetmuchmoney.Butthat'senough.Manyofthemonlywanttobuycandy（糖果）.Andcandyischeap!Theyoftenhelpdothedishes,sweepthefloor,orfeedthepetcatordog.Whentheygetolder,theywanttobuymoreandmorethings.Theywantthingsthataremoreexpensivethancandy.4.Theyoftenhelptheirparentswashthefamilycar,cutthegrass,orcookmeals.Somejobsareagoodwayforkidstolearnnewthings.5 Ofcourse,theirparentshelpthematfirst.Sotheyhavetoworkharder!TheyusuallystarttodothiswhentheyaretenyearsoldTheydon'thavemuchfreetimeonweekdays.Forexample,theycanlearnhowtousealawnmower（割草機(jī)）orhowtocook.YongKidsdon'tneedtodochores.Youngkidsonlydoeasychores.L答案:B解析：在西方國(guó)家，孩子們經(jīng)常做一些家務(wù)活來賺取零花錢。他們通常從10歲起開始做這件事。B選項(xiàng)中的they照應(yīng)childreno.答案:C解析句意:在工作日他們沒有足夠的時(shí)間，所以他們經(jīng)常在周末做這件事。onweekdays與后文onweekends.相照應(yīng)。.答案:F解析：句意：年輕的孩子只做一些比較簡(jiǎn)單的家務(wù)。這與下一段開頭，Whentheygetolder,相照應(yīng)。.答案:A解析：句意：所以他們必須努力工作。因?yàn)?09個(gè)空前面提到，他們想要的東西已經(jīng)不僅限于糖果了。.答案：D解析句意:舉例來說，他們能夠?qū)W會(huì)如何使用割草機(jī)和如何做飯。照應(yīng)上面那句"Somejobsareagoodwayforkidstolearnnewthings.練習(xí)六IfyouvisitLiuHansheng'srestaurantinHarbin,youwillfind18robotsthere.Theyarereadytoserveyouandmakesurethatyouenjoyeatingintherestaurant.Whenyouwalkin,you911seearobotcomeupandsay,"Hello,EarthPerson!WelcometotheRobotRestaurant.,,Afteryouorderyourmeal,therobotsinthekitchenbegintodothecooking.Whenthefoodisready,arobotwaiterwillglide（；骨彳亍）outofthekitchentoserveyouwithyourmeal. 3Youmayask,“Wheredidalltheserobotscomefrom?^^LiusaidtherobotsweremadebytheHarbinHaohaiRobotCompany.4Afterabusyday,alltherobotswillgofora"meal”,whichiselectricity（電）,forabouttwohours.5Therestaurantnowhasamenuwithmorethan30dishes,andthepriceforadinnerisabout40to50yuan.Doyouwanttogoandhaveatryinthisrestaurant?Robotscansinganddancelikepeople.Robotsservingpeopleisn'tadreamanymore.Itwillbedifficulttomakerobotsthinklikehuman.Hesaidhespent200,000to300,000oneachrobot.Afterthe"meal”,therobotscankeepworkingfbrfivehours.It'swonderfultoseehowthe18robotsworkintherestaurant.Andwhenpeopleenjoytheirdeliciousfood,arobotsingslovelysongstothem..答案：B解析：位于首段，根據(jù)后一句如果“你去劉涵晟的餐館，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有18個(gè)機(jī)器人”可知，前面總起句應(yīng)該是說明機(jī)器人服務(wù)人類將不再是夢(mèng)。故選Bo.答案：F解析：由下一句，“如果你走進(jìn)了參觀，你將會(huì)看到一個(gè)機(jī)器人來跟你打招呼”可知，前面是說走進(jìn)餐館去看機(jī)器人在餐館工作。符合題意，故選K.答案:G解析：根據(jù)上一句“飯準(zhǔn)備好了之后，機(jī)器人會(huì)端給你”可知，下一句是提到吃飯的時(shí)候。故選Go.答案：D解析根據(jù)上一句“這些機(jī)器人是由哈爾濱浩海機(jī)器人公司制作的”可知下一句是買機(jī)器人花費(fèi)多少錢。代詞He代指劉，故選Do.答案：E解析：根據(jù)上一句中的meal關(guān)鍵詞提示可知，下一句應(yīng)該是afterthemeal0故選Eo練習(xí)七Billisonlyfifteenyearsold,buthe'salreadyveryrich.Twoyearsago,Billbeganafootballwebsite（網(wǎng)站）fbryoungpeople."IbecameinterestedincomputerswhenIwaseightbecausemyfather^jobiswithcomputers.Asalittleboy,Ialsolovedfootball1Billstartedthe"footballOK!”websitetwoyearsago,andnowmorethan20,000peoplevisititeveryday.2Heusuallygetsupatsixandlooksathise-mails.Thenhegoestoschoolfromninetofourteen.Intheevenings,healwaysworksfbraboutfourhoursonhiswebsite.3"AtthemomentIamthinkingaboutanewwebsiteonAmericanfootball,maybefornextyear,“hesaid.AndisBillthesamepersonthathewasthreeyearsago4"IhavemetalotofinterestingpeopleonthewebsiteandIhavetraveledallovertheworld.^^Billdoesn'tknowaboutthefuture."MaybeIwillsellthewebsite,Ireallydon'tknow.Iwilljustwaitandsee.”Whenheis21,Billwillbeamillionaire（百萬富翁）.5No,heisverydifferentnow.Bilfsnextplanisanewwebsite.Healwayssays,"Anythingispossible.”Billisaschoolboyandbusinessmanaswell.SoIdecidedtomakeawebsite-especiallyfbrpeopleofmyage.Hecan'tsetupanewwebsite.Yes,heis..答案：E解析：句意：所以我決定去做一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，尤其是針對(duì)我這個(gè)年齡段的網(wǎng)站。與下文第二段第一句"Billstartedthe"footballOK!"websitetwoyearsago,andnowmorethan20,000peoplevisititeveryday.”形成對(duì)照。.答案：D解析：句意：Bill既是一個(gè)還正在上學(xué)的男孩，也是一個(gè)商人。此句與下文形成對(duì)照。在102空的后面分別介紹了Bill的作息時(shí)間。.答案：B解析:句意：Bill下一步的計(jì)劃是做一個(gè)新的網(wǎng)站。此句與"AtthemomentIamthinkingaboutanewwebsiteonAmericanfootball,maybefornextyear,"hesaid.相照應(yīng)。.答案：A解析:句意：“不,他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)與以往不同了”此句照應(yīng)本段第一句話“AndisBillthesamepersonthathewasthreeyearsago”與三年前的Bill做對(duì)比。.答案：C解析：句意：當(dāng)他21歲的時(shí)候成為了百萬富翁。他常說“一切皆有可能二練習(xí)八Howcanweunderstandthecultureofdifferentcountries?1Restroom,campuses(校園)andtrashbins.Thissummervacation,IfoundthattherestroomsintheUSweredifferentfromthoseIhadseeninChina.ItravelledaroundtheUSwithteachersandclassmates,butIdidmyownresearchonthetopic.IntheUS,almosteveryrestroomhasspecialroomsfbrpeopleinwheelchairsandaidfbrtheblind.Braille(盲文)isontherestroomdoortohelpguideblindpeople.2ButIfoundthat38(95percent)ofthemhadBrailleand36(90percent)hadaroomfbrspecialgroups.Anotherdifferenceintherestroomissuper-sizedtoiletpaper.About77.5percentoftherestroomspreparedtworollsoftoiletpaper.84Youmightsayit'sfoolishtopayattentiontorestroomsratherthanbeautifulscenery.85Fromtheserestrooms,Ifoundequalityandrespectforeveryoneintheircountry.Itremindsusthatweshouldshowrespectandprovideacomfortablelivingfbreveryone.ButIthinkit'smeaningful.Ihavevisitedmanyrestrooms.However,Idon'tthinkit'snecessary.Itseemedfoolishtovisit40restrooms.Onerestroomevenhadfourrollsoftoiletpaper.Itshowstheequipment（設(shè)施）forspecialgroupsarewelldeveloped.Ibelieveyoucanfindthecultureofacountrybylookingatthreethings..答案:G解析:聯(lián)系上文“Howcanweunderstandthecultureofdifferentcountries?”我們?cè)趺蠢斫獠煌瑖?guó)家的文化呢；再聯(lián)系下文“Restroom,campuses(校園)andtrashbins.?廁所，校園和垃圾桶?？芍崭窬渥拥囊馑际菑?個(gè)方面。選項(xiàng)G的意思是我相信你通過看3個(gè)東西能找到一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化。符合語境。故選G。.答案:D解析:聯(lián)系下文“ButIfoundthat38(95percent)ofthemhadBrailleand36(90percent)hadaroomforspecialgroups."但是我發(fā)現(xiàn)了38個(gè)有盲文，36個(gè)有為特殊群體提供的房間。從數(shù)字上的百分比可知是40個(gè)左右的衛(wèi)生間。關(guān)鍵詞but說明了空格句子的意思是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)D的意思是參觀40個(gè)衛(wèi)生間是愚蠢的。符合語境，故選D。.答案：F解析:聯(lián)系上文“ButIfoundthat38(95percent)ofthemhadBrailleand36(90percent)hadaroomforspecialgroups."但是我發(fā)現(xiàn)了38個(gè)有盲文，36個(gè)有為特殊群體提供的房間。從數(shù)字上的百分比可知是40個(gè)左右的衛(wèi)生間。說明空格句子的意思和衛(wèi)生間關(guān)注特殊群體的文化有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)F的意思是它顯示了為特殊群體的設(shè)備發(fā)展得很好。符合語境。故選F。.答案:E解析:聯(lián)系上文“About77.5percentoftherestroomspreparedtworollsoftoiletpaper.”大概77.5%的廁所準(zhǔn)備了2卷衛(wèi)生紙?？芍崭窬渥拥囊馑际呛蛶男l(wèi)生間有關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)E的意思是一個(gè)衛(wèi)生間甚至有4卷衛(wèi)生紙。符合語境。故選民5答案:A解析:聯(lián)系上文“Youmightsayit'sfoolishtopayattentiontorestroomsratherthanbeautifulscenery.”你可能會(huì)說關(guān)注洗手間而不是美麗的風(fēng)景是愚蠢的。再聯(lián)系下文“Fromtheserestrooms,Ifoundequalityandrespectforeveryoneintheircountry."從這些衛(wèi)生間，我在他們國(guó)家找到了對(duì)每個(gè)人的尊重和平等。可知，空格句子的意思是作者的想法是不同的。選項(xiàng)A的意思是但是我認(rèn)為這是有意義的。符合語境。故選A。練習(xí)九Everyonehashobbies.1Formostofus,theactivitieswedoarecommonandeasytodo.2Theyaremoreinterestedindoingextremesports（極限運(yùn)動(dòng)）,suchassnowboarding,divingandrockclimbing.Manypeopleenjoyrockclimbing.Youcandoitindoorsonspecialwalls.3Therearemanyadvantagestorockclimbing-itisfunanditalsohelpspeopleforgettheirworries.Themostimportantequipment（裝備）tohaveisgoodshoes.Theyneedtobehalfasizesmallerthanyourusualsize.Thenextthingyouneedisaharness（保護(hù)帶）.4Butifyoufall,itwillholdyouup.It'simportanttoknowhowtouseyourequipment.Ifyouareabeginner,it'sbesttohavelessons.Aclimberwithexperiencecanhelpyoualotwhenyouarelearningtoclimb.Rockclimbingisveryexcitingforpeopleofdifferentages.Climbers,however,mustbecarefulnottopollutetheenvironment.Sometimesrockclimbersleaverubbishonthemountainswheretheyclimb.5Thiswillletfutureclimbersenjoyacleanenvironment.Thisallowsyoutomovefreely.Theyshouldtakeitwiththemandthrowitaway.However,thereareotherpeoplewholiketotakerisks.Hobbiesbringusalotofhappiness.Beginnersshouldhavelessonsandgethelpfromclimberswithexperience.Oryoucanalsodoitoutdoorsonrealmountains.Butsomegirlsdon'tlikerockclimbing..答案:D解析：根據(jù)上句“Everyonehashobbies.每個(gè)人都有愛好?！?，可知本段主要說“愛好”這一話題，所以D選項(xiàng)"Hobbiesbringusalotofhappiness.愛好帶給我們很多快樂?！狈险Z境，故選D。.答案:C解析:根據(jù)上句"Formostofus,theactivitieswedoarecommonandeasytodo.對(duì)我們大多數(shù)人來說,我們所做的活動(dòng)是普通的和容易做的”和下句“Theyaremoreinterestedindoingextremesports他們更感興趣做極限運(yùn)動(dòng)”，可知這兩句有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折意思，所以“However,thereareotherpeoplewholiketotakerisks.然而，還有其他人喜歡冒險(xiǎn)?！逼疬^渡作用，故選Co.答案：F解析：根據(jù)上句“Youcandoitindoorsonspecialwalls.你可以在室內(nèi)的特殊墻壁上做攀巖。”可知本句在介紹攀巖的場(chǎng)所,所以選項(xiàng)F"Oryoucanalsodoitoutdoorsonrealmountains.或者你也可以在真正的山上戶夕M故?！狈险Z境，故選Fo.答案：A解析：根據(jù)Butifyoufall,itwillholdyouup."但如果你摔倒了，它會(huì)把你吊起來。”可知本句主要介紹保護(hù)帶的作用，所以與“Thisallowsyoutomovefreely.這可以讓你自由移動(dòng)?！睒?gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。.答案：B解析：根據(jù)下句“Thiswillletfutureclimbersenjoyacleanenvironment.這將讓未來的登山者享受一個(gè)干凈的環(huán)境?！笨芍狟選項(xiàng)“Theyshouldtakeitwiththemandthrowitaway.他們應(yīng)該隨身帶著然后再扔掉?！狈险Z境，故選Bo練習(xí)十Therewereoncetwobrotherswholivednearaforest.Theirparentsdied.Theelderbrotherwasverybadtohisyoungerbrother.1Oneday,theelderbrotherwentintotheforesttofindsomefirewoodtosellinthemarket.Ashewentaround,hecutdownthebranches（枝條）oftreeaftertree.2Thetreesaidtohim,“Oh,kindsir,pleasedonotcutmybranches.Ifyouagree,Iwillgiveyougoldenapples."Theelderbrotheragreed,buthewasdisappointed（失望的）withthenumberofapplesthetreegavehim.3Insteadofgivinghimmoregoldenapples,themagicaltreesentouthundredsoftinyneedles（刺）andstuckthemontotheelderbrother'sbody.4Whenitbecamedark,theyoungerbrothergrewworriedabouthisbrotherandhewenttosearchforhimeverywhere.5Herushedtohisbrotherandremovedeachneedleswithlove.Afterhefinished,theelderbrothersaidsorryfortreatinghimbadlyandpromisedtobebetter.Thetreesawthechangeoftheelderbrother,andgavethetwobrothersallthegoldenapplestheycouldeverneed.Thenhecameuponamagicaltree.Sotheyoungerbrotherleftwithlotsofapples.Theelderbrotherlayontheground,cryinginpain.Heateupallthefoodandtookallhisbrother'sgoodclothes.Hefoundhisbrotherlyinginpainnearthetree,withhundredsofneedlesonhisbody.Butifthetreedidn'tgrowanyapples,itwouldbecometoooldtoliveonanyyears.Hetoldthetreehewouldcutallthebranchesifthetreedidn'tgivehimmoreapples..答案：D解析：上句話“Theelderbrotherwasverybadtohisyoungerbrother.”提到“哥哥對(duì)弟弟很不好、這個(gè)空應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)行解釋如何不好，D選項(xiàng)“他吃光了所有的食物，還拿走了弟弟的好衣服”符合語境，故選Do.答案：A解析：根據(jù)下文“Thetreesaidtohim,“Oh,kindsir,pleasedonotcutmybranches.Ifyouagree,Iwillgiveyougoldenapples."，'可以看到，這棵樹對(duì)哥哥說話,這是一顆神奇的樹，A選項(xiàng)“然后他來到了一顆神奇的樹面前”符合語境，故選Ao.答案：G解析：根據(jù)上文“Theelderbrotheragreed,buthewasdisappointed（失望）withthenumberofapplesthetreegavehim."可知，哥哥對(duì)樹給他的蘋果的數(shù)量不滿意，所以他還想要更多的蘋果。G選項(xiàng)“他告訴樹，如果樹不給他更多的蘋果，他就砍下所有的樹枝”符合語境，故選G。.答案：C國(guó)華析：心艮據(jù)上文“Insteadofgivinghimmoregoldenapples,themagicaltreesentouthundredsoftinyneedles（刺）andstuckthemontotheelderbrother'sbody「可知，樹發(fā)出幾百根刺，把它們刺在哥哥的身上。哥哥很痛苦,C選項(xiàng)“哥哥躺在地上，痛苦地哭了"符合語境，故選Co.答案：E解析：上文“…h(huán)ewenttosearchforhimeverywhere."提至?。莸艿苋フ腋绺?下文“Herushedtohisbrother….”他沖向了哥哥，因此這里應(yīng)表示“他找到了他的哥哥”，E選項(xiàng)“他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的哥哥躺在樹旁，痛苦不堪，身上扎著幾百根針”符合語境，故選E.練習(xí)十一“Areyoucold?”Kittycameintomylifetwentyyearsago.Whenmyson,Josh,andIwerewalkingbyastore,wesawabasketfulloflittlecatsinthewaseasytochoose.Kittywasthemostbeautifuloneamongthelittlecats.Inhernewhomeinthewoods,Kittyspentmanyafternoonsclimbingtreesandplayingwiththebushes（灌木叢）.SheeasilymadefriendswithAsia.2KittywasJosh*scat.3.MylovetohercameasasurprisebecauseIhadneverhadacatasachild.4Thehousefeelsverydifferent.ManytimesIfindmyselfstoppingtorememberifIneedtofeedherorchangeherwater.NowIgettoknowjusthowmuchapartofmylifeshereallywas.Kittystayedaslongasshecould-twentyyears,threemonths.AndasluckyasIwastohaveherforsolong,了什么。在閱讀中要注意留心把握文章的要點(diǎn)詞句，包括首尾段、首尾句以及獨(dú)立成段的句子和文章中帶轉(zhuǎn)折詞的句子等，目的是把握文章的主要內(nèi)容。2.解讀備選，基本定位明確各備選項(xiàng)的含義，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，將選項(xiàng)代入文中，尤其要注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接標(biāo)志詞與原文中的某些詞是否有關(guān)聯(lián)，還可以通過句子的完整性或句子后的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來判斷該選項(xiàng)在原文中的位置。另外通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，還可找出與其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)意思完全不同的句子，將該選項(xiàng)排除。具體步驟定位置定位置定位置讀選項(xiàng)找聯(lián)系比選項(xiàng)首、中、末關(guān)鍵詞上下句-選項(xiàng)J近似選項(xiàng)注意:“讀選項(xiàng)叩寸，要注意選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，如名詞，代詞，連詞，疑問詞等，分別對(duì)應(yīng)相關(guān)的做題技巧，如詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，代詞指代，邏輯關(guān)系，相關(guān)詞匯，根據(jù)這些提示找出原文與選項(xiàng)之間的聯(lián)系，也就是我們步驟里面定位置讀選項(xiàng)找聯(lián)系比選項(xiàng)首、中、末關(guān)鍵詞上下句-選項(xiàng)J近似選項(xiàng)3.通讀復(fù)檢，核實(shí)修正在完成選項(xiàng)定位后，對(duì)照關(guān)鍵詞與上下文語意關(guān)系做出選擇。再次通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否完整，上下文語意是否連貫合理，各段落內(nèi)容是否緊扣主題，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、合乎邏輯，從而判定自己選擇的答案是否準(zhǔn)確。therewillneverbeatimewhenIwillnotmissmyKittygirl.5Sheisalwaysinmyheart.Wetalkedaboutgettingacatasafriendtomyson.Theysharedtheroomformanyyears.Wetalkedaboutgettingacatasafriendtoournewlittledog,Asia.However,shebecamemoreandmoremycatasJoshgrewintoadulthood（成年）.NowKittyisstilllivewithus.NowKittyisnolongerherewithus.答案：LD解析：句意：我們打算送給我們的小狗一只貓，作為他的朋友。此處前面講的是，我們看到了一整籃子的貓，后面談到這很容易選擇，可知要帶走一只貓。答案：2.C解析：句意：他們一直以來都分享相同的空間。由第二段前面可知，狗和貓一直相處的很好。答案：3.E解析：句意：然而隨著這只貓長(zhǎng)大,她變得越來越像我的貓。這與后面Mylovetoher...是相互照應(yīng)的。答案：4.G解析：句意：現(xiàn)在貓已經(jīng)不跟我們住在一起了。由本句后面的內(nèi)容可知，貓不跟“我”一起生活后，“我”還是很不習(xí)慣的。答案：5.A解析：句意:它會(huì)一直在我的心中。由最后一段前面的句子可知，“我一直沒有停止對(duì)貓的思念”。練習(xí)十二ThisisaquestionFveheardmanytimessinceIcametoChina.IoftenwearalightjacketandaT-shirtduringwinter,whilemostotherpeoplearewearingheavycoats.ButwhenmyChinesefriendsrefusetoeatordrinkcoldthings,evenduringthehotsummer,Ibecometheonewhoisconfused.2.Wheredoesthisideacomefrom?Myfriendssaidtheirparentstaughtthemthatcoldfoodanddrinksarebadfortheirdigestion。肖化）.Onefriendeventoldmethatcolddrinks,suchasicewater,cancausethefatinourstomachtobecomesolid（固體）.3AccordingtoanarticleIreadonthewebsite,thefoodthatyoueatwillquicklymatchyourowntemperature.4.Thetemperatureofthefoodordrinkswillmatchyourowntemperature.Ontheotherhand,whenIfallill,myChinesefriendsoftentellme"drinksomehotwaterandhaveagoodrest*.5Theybelievethatcoldfoodanddrinksmayharmtheirhealth.Thismeansthatitdoesn'tmatterifyoueatsomethinghotorcold.AndIhavetosay,followingthisadviceoftendoesmakemefeelbetter.Butafterdoingsomestudiesofmyown,Iwasn'tsurewhetheritwastrueornot.Iunderstandthatpeoplearesometimesconfiised（困惑的）orworriedwhenIwearsolittleinwinter.Theydon'tbelievethatcoldfoodanddrinksmayharmtheirhealth.Drinkingwaterisgoodforourhealth.答案：1.E解析：句意：我理解人們的困惑，當(dāng)我在冬天穿的比較單薄時(shí)。本句照應(yīng)后面“ButwhenmyChinesefriendsrefusetoeatordrinkcoldthings,evenduringthehotsummer,二答案：2.A解析：句意：他們認(rèn)為那些冷食會(huì)傷害他們的身體。這里的“they”指的就是“Chinese friends"。這個(gè)說法是從哪里來的呢？下段對(duì)這個(gè)說法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解釋。答案：3.D解析：句意：但是經(jīng)過我自己學(xué)習(xí)了一段時(shí)間之后，我明白了其中的道理，不過我不確定對(duì)錯(cuò)。后文與"AccordingtoanarticleIreadonthewebsite”相照應(yīng)。答案：4.B解析句意這意味著沒什么要緊的不管是你吃一些冷食還是熱食。本句中this指的是前文“thefoodthatyoueatwillquicklymatchyourowntemperature.答案：5.C解析:句意:我必須要承認(rèn)按照這些做法，確實(shí)四會(huì)讓我感到很舒服。這些做法代指的是文章的“drinksomehotwaterandhaveagoodrest”.”練習(xí)十三Ifyouthinkyou'retooshyandwanttobealittlebraver,trythefollowing.Youcanmakeit.There9snoneedtohideit.Whentheygettoknowyou'reashykid,they'llunderstandyoubetter.Thisalsohelpsyoufeeleasierintalks.Whenyousmile,peoplethinkyou'refriendlyandeasytotalkwith.Rememberthatotherpeoplehavefeelings,too,andmostpeoplewillstayawayfromanangry-lookingface.Takeonesmallstepatatime.Ifyoufindithardtostarttalks,saysomethingniceaboutpeoplearoundyou.3.Doesn'titmakeyouwanttokeeptalkingtothatperson?Turnyourattentionelsewhere.4Don'twaste（浪費(fèi)）timeworryingaboutyourlooksorwhetherpeoplelikeyouornotDon'tloseheartEachtimeafteryousay"hi"orsmileatsomeonefbrthefirsttime,say“Ididit!”toyourself.5Keeptryingandonedayyou'llneverbeshywhenyoutalktoothers.Trytosmilemore.Tellpeopleyou'reshy.Oritcouldbesomethingbigger,likebuyingyourselfanicecream.Thinkabouthowgreatyoufeelwhensomeonesayssomethingnicetoyou.Thinkmoreaboutwaystoenjoythepartyorthegame.Don'tshowyourshyness.Talkmorewithothers.答案：l.B解析：句意：告訴人們你很害羞。上文提到了想要變得勇敢應(yīng)該怎么辦，這里是第一個(gè)建議。與本段“Whentheygettoknowyou'reashykid,they'llunderstandyoubetter.“相照應(yīng)答案：2.A解析：句意：嘗試著去微笑，這里與后文“Whenyousmile…相照應(yīng)”答案：3.D解析：句意：試想一下當(dāng)別人跟你講一些好聽的話時(shí)，自己的感受。選項(xiàng)D與本段前文“Ifyoufindithardtostarttalks,saysomethingniceaboutpeoplearoundyou.”相照應(yīng)。答案：4.E解析：句意：讓自己盡可能多的尋求party的樂趣。這個(gè)地方與本段首句轉(zhuǎn)移注意力相連。同時(shí)，又照應(yīng)后文，不用過多的關(guān)注自己的衣著。答案：5.C解析：句意：這可能是一件很大的事，就像給自己買一個(gè)冰激凌。這里對(duì)照前文形成排比句。練習(xí)十四TipsfbrKeepingYourBodyHealthyItisnotcommonfbrthehuman（人類）bodytositforalongtimeintheolddays.Butnowsittingforalongtimeeverydayiscommon.Sittingfbralongtimeisdangerousfbryourhealth.Youcanhurtyourarmsandyourneck.1Peoplewhoworkinofficesoftenhavehealthproblems.Peoplewhotravelmanyhoursonplanesoftensaytheyfeelbadattheendofalongtrip.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyouifyoudon*twantanyproblems.Sitinacorrectway.Keepyourbackstraightandyourfeetonthefloor.Itisverynecessarytohaveacomfortablechair.2Takebreaksoften.Don'tsitfbrmorethanthirtyminutes.3Havingabreakcanhelpyoudomoreworkintheday.Watercleansyourbodyandkeepsyouhealthy.Ifsgoodfbryouandgivesyouenergy.Butpleasedon'tdrinklotsofcoffeeortea.Moveyourbody.Stretchingisaveryeasyandquickwayofmovingyourbodywhileyouaresittingdown.Stretchyourarms,yourhandsandyourshoulders（肩膀）.5A.Don'tstretchyourshoulders.B.Standupandhaveabreak.C.Don*tstretchalotifithurts.D.Youcanalsohurtyourback.E.Thechaircanhelpyousitinacorrectway.SitdownandhaveabreakDrinkwater.答案：1.D解析：句意：你也會(huì)傷害到你的背部。這句話與前文“Youcanhurtyourarmsandyourneck「相呼應(yīng)。答案：2.E解析句意這把椅子會(huì)幫助你形成正確的坐姿。選項(xiàng)E與前文“Itisverynecessarytohaveacomfortablechair.相呼應(yīng)。答案：3.B解析：句意：站起來休息一下。這句與后文“Havingabreakcanhelpyoudomoreworkintheday.”相銜接。答案：4.G解析：句意。多喝水。位于段首，總領(lǐng)本段內(nèi)容。照應(yīng)后文“Watercleansyourbodyandkeepsyouhealthy丁答案：5.C解析：句意：如果你的胳膊受傷了的話，不要使勁抓。照應(yīng)本段前文“Stretchyourarms,yourhandsandyourshoulders（肩膀）練習(xí)十五Moreandmorepeoplelikebicycling.Itisfun,healthyandgoodfbrtheenvironment.Bikescantakeyoualmostanywhere,andthereisnooil（油）cost!1Getonabicycleandridearoundyourcommunity.2Stoppingandgettingoffabikeiseasierthanstoppingandgettingoutofyourcar.Youcanbiketoworkandbenefit（受益）fromthepleasantexercisewithoutpollutingtheenvironment.Youdon*tevenhavetoridealltheway.Folding（折疊的）bikesworkwellfbrpeoplewhotakethetrain.3Youcandothesameonaplane.Afoldingbikecanbepackedinasuitcase.Youcanalsotakeacommonbikewithyouwhenyoufly.Butbesuretolookfbrinformationbyvisitingairlinewebsites.4HealthBenefitsofBicycling:Ithelpstopreventheartdiseases.A15minutebikeridetoandfromworkthreetimesaweekbumsofffivekilosoffatinayear.Bicyclingcanimproveyourmood.Bicyclingishealthierthandriving.A.Justfoldthebikeandtakeitwithyou.B.Youmayfindsomethingnewallaroundyou.C.Notallairlinesarebicyclesfriendlytotravellers.D.Exerciselikebicyclingcanmakepeoplefeelbetter,morerelaxedandconfident.E.Butsometimesexerciseisbadfbryou.Maybethat*swhythereare1.4billionbicyclesandonly400millioncarsonroadsaroundtheworldtoday.Nowalltheairlinesallowtravellerstotakethebicycle.答案：LF解析：句意:這就是為什么自行車的銷量遠(yuǎn)大于汽車的銷量。在本段前文主要介紹了自行車的可以節(jié)約能源花費(fèi)等好處。答案：2.B解析：句意：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些身邊新的事物。在文章第二段主要講了騎自行車對(duì)個(gè)人的一些好處，并對(duì)這些好處做了列舉。答案：3.A解析洵意：就僅需要把自行車折疊然后帶上它。此句與文章“Folding（折疊的）bikesworkwellforpeoplewhotakethetrain.”部分內(nèi)容相照應(yīng)。答案：4.C解析：句意：并不是所有的航線都是允許帶自行車的。照應(yīng)前文“Butbesuretolookforinformationbyvisitingairlinewebsites.^^答案：5.D解析：鍛煉可以使人的身體更好、更放松、更自信。在文章最后做總結(jié)，總結(jié)鍛煉的好處。照應(yīng)上文列舉出來的好處。例題解析：例題1：Billisonlyfifteenyearsold,buthe'salreadyveryrich.Twoyearsago,Billbeganafootballwebsite（網(wǎng)站）fdryoungpeople."IbecameinterestedincomputerswhenIwaseightbecausemyfather^jobiswithcomputers.Asalittleboy,Ialsolovedfootball101Billstartedthe"footballOK!”websitetwoyearsago,andnowmorethan20,000peoplevisititeveryday.102Heusuallygetsupatsixandlooksathise-mails.Thenhegoestoschoolfromninetofourteen.Intheevenings,healwaysworksforaboutfourhoursonhiswebsite.No,heisverydifferentnow.Bilfsnextplanisanewwebsite.Healwayssays,"Anythingispossible.Billisaschoolboyandbusinessmanaswell.SoIdecidedtomakeawebsite-especiallyforpeopleofmyage.Hecan'tsetupanewwebsite.Yes,heis.答案：101.E解析：句意：所以我決定去做一個(gè)網(wǎng)站，尤其是針對(duì)我這個(gè)年齡段的網(wǎng)站。101劃線部分處于段尾,有總結(jié)本段，弓I領(lǐng)下一段的作用。與下文第二段第一句"Billstartedthe"footballOK!^websitetwoyearsago,andnowmorethan20,000peoplevisititeveryday."形成又寸照。例題2:Billstartedthe"footballOK!"websitetwoyearsago,andnowmorethan20,000peoplevisititeveryday.102Heusuallygetsupatsixandlooksathise-mails.Thenhegoestoschoolfromninetofourteen.Intheevenings,healwaysworksforaboutfourhoursonhiswebsite.No,heisverydifferentnow.Bill'snextplanisanewwebsite.Healwayssays,"Anythingispossible.,9Billisaschoolboyandbusinessmanaswell.SoIdecidedtomakeawebsite-especiallyforpeopleofmyage.Hecan'tsetupanewwebsite.G.Yes,heis.答案：102.D解析：句意：Bill既是一個(gè)還正在上學(xué)的男孩，也是一個(gè)商人。102劃線位置位于段中。有承上啟下的作用。此句與下文形成對(duì)照。在102空的后面分別介紹了Bill的作息時(shí)間。例題3:AndisBillthesamepersonthathewasthreeyearsago?104"IhavemetalotofinterestingpeopleonthewebsiteandIhavetraveledallovertheworld."Billdoesn'tknowaboutthefuture."MaybeIwillsellthewebsite,Ireallydon'tknow.Iwilljustwaitandsee.”Whenheis21,Billwillbeamillionaire（百萬富翁）.105No,heisverydifferentnow.Bill'snextplanisanewwebsite.Healwayssays,"Anythingispossible.Billisaschoolboyandbusinessmanaswell.SoIdecidedtomakeawebsite-especiallyforpeopleofmyage.Hecan'tsetupanewwebsite.Yes,heis.答案：105.C解析：句意：當(dāng)他21歲的時(shí)候成為了百萬富翁。他常說“一切皆有可能二105劃線部分位于段尾，主要作用是總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容。在上文提到了，Bill其實(shí)對(duì)未來要做什么并不是很確切。也是在走一步看一步而已，但是只要去做，一切皆有可能。練習(xí)一Theworldisaninterestingplace.Differentpeoplelikedifferentthings.Somepeoplelikeloudmusic.Otherpeopledon't.1Manypeoplelikesports,buttheydonotalllikethesamesports.Insomecountries,cricket（板球運(yùn)動(dòng)）isaverypopularsport,Inothersitisnotpopularatall.NooneplaysitorwatchesitonTV.However,mostpeoplelikesoccer.TheWorldCupisverypopular.2Differentpeoplelikedifferentfoods.Somepeopledonotlikemeat.3Somepeopledonotlikepotatoesorbread.Theypreferrice.4Mostpeoplehavetheirfavoritecolors.Somepeoplelikebrightcolors.Otherspreferpalecolors.Manypeopleliketraveling.Differentpeoplelikedifferentplaces.Somepeopleliketogotothecountry.Theylikethefreshair.Somepeopleliketogotothecities.Becausetheylikeshopping.5Whatdoyoulike?Haveyougotanidea?Theylikesoftmusic.Noteveryonelikesthesamecolor.MillionsofpeoplewatchthegamesonTV.Differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofpets.Theyeatfruitandvegetablesmostofthetime.Sotheydon'traisepigsintheircountriesSomeotherpeopleenjoybeautifulplaceslikethemountainsorbeaches..答案：A解析：句意：一些人喜歡大聲的音樂，而另一些人并不是如此。他們喜歡溫和的音樂。選項(xiàng)A中的they照應(yīng)第一段中的otherpeopleo.答案：C解析：句意：許多人都在電視上看世界杯。照應(yīng)文章第二段的板球運(yùn)動(dòng)在一些國(guó)家不流行，人們并不太在電視上關(guān)注。.答案：E解析：文章第三段跟吃食有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E是飲食方面的描述，大部分時(shí)候他們吃蔬菜和水果。.答案：B解析：定位到文章的第四段，一些人喜歡明亮的顏色，另外一些人喜歡灰調(diào)的顏色。由此可知，不同的人有不同的顏色喜好。.答案：5G解析：定位到最后一段，一些人在旅游的時(shí)候喜歡選擇城市購(gòu)物，另外一些人喜歡欣賞美景，比如去山上或者沙灘。練習(xí)二 ［乙］廣1"Doyoulikemydress?*'sheaskedapassingstranger.nMymommymadeitjustforme."Shesaidwithtearsinhereyes."Ithinkit'sverypretty.1"Withaquiver（顫抖）inhervoicethegirlanswered「AfterMommymademethisdress,shehadtogototheheaven（天堂）2Shegentlyheldthechildinherarmsandtheycriedfbrthemommythatwasgone.Thensuddenlythelittlegirlstoppedcrying,steppedbackandbegantosing.Shesangsosoftlythatitwasalmostawhisper.Itwasthesweetestsoundthewomanhadeverheardalmostlikethesongofaverysmallbird.3"Mymommyusedtosingthatsongtomebeforeshewentaway,andshemademepromisetosingitwheneverIstartedcryinganditwouldmakemestop.”“SeeJshesaid,"itdid,andnowmyeyesaredry!”Asthewomanturnedtogo,thelittlegirlstoppedher.“Madam,canyoustayjustaminute?4"Ofcourse**,sheanswered.Pointingtoaspot（點(diǎn)）onherdress,shesaid:"Righthereiswheremymommykissedmydressandhere,“pointingtoanotherspot,“andhereisanotherkiss,andhere,andhere.MommysaidthatsheputallthosekissessothatIwouldhaveherkissesfbreverythingthatmademecry.”5No,shewaslookingatamother'sdeeplovefbrherdaughter.Shetookalltheloveshehadforherbeautifullittlegirlandputthemintothisdress.Shenotonlysawalittlegirlinasimpledress.Shesawachildwrapped（包裹）inhermother'slove.Thenthewomanrealizedthatshewasn9tjustlookingatadress.Afterthelittlegirlstoppedsinging,shesaidtothewoman.Mymomtoldmetostayhere.Butwhyareyoucrying?Irealizetheimportanceofbeingwithmyparents.Finallythewomanrealizedwhatthechildmeant.Iwanttoshowyousomething..答案：D解析：句意：我覺得這件衣服非常漂亮，那你為什么哭呢。照應(yīng)第一段，小女孩眼里含著淚水。.答案：F解析：句意：后面這個(gè)女士明白了小女孩的話。與前面“AfterMommymademethisdress,shehadtogototheheaven（天堂）.”相照應(yīng)。.答案：B解析：句意：女孩唱完歌后,她對(duì)那個(gè)女人說。與本段后文“Mymommyusedtosingthatsongtomebeforeshewentaway,andshemademepromisetosingitwheneverIstartedcryinganditwouldmakemestop.“相照應(yīng)。.答案：G解析：句意：“女士，您能等一下嗎，我有東西要給你看?！薄爱?dāng)然可以二.答案：A解析：句意：此時(shí)這個(gè)女人意識(shí)到小女孩盯著看的并不是裙子，而是她媽媽深切的愛。與本段"No,shewaslookingatamother'sdeeploveforherdaughter「相照應(yīng)。練習(xí)三Doyouhaveamobilephone?Canyoutakeyourphonetoschool?Doesyourteacherallowyoutouseitatschool?Nowadays,parentsandteachersinChinathinkmo