《李爾王》第一場劇本-英文注釋版

莎士比亞《李爾王》主要人物李爾王（Lear）：不列顛國王。高納里爾（Goneril）:李爾的長女，奧本尼公爵的妻子。里根（Regan）：李爾的次女，康華爾公爵的妻子。考狄利婭（Cordelia）：李爾的三女，也是李爾最疼愛的女兒，嫁給了法蘭西國王?？咸夭簦═heEarlofKent）：李爾的忠臣，他反對李爾對考狄利婭的態(tài)度后被李爾驅逐，但 他扮裝為仆人繼續(xù)為李爾服務，只是不讓李爾知道他是誰。法蘭西國王（KingofFrance）：前來向考狄利婭求婚,后來成了考狄利婭的丈夫勃艮第公爵（Burgundy）:前來向考狄利婭求婚奧本尼公爵（TheDukeofAlbany）：高納里爾的丈夫?？等A爾公爵（TheDukeofCornwall）：里根的丈夫。葛羅斯特伯爵（TheEarlofGloucester）：愛德伽和愛德蒙的父親，愛德蒙欺騙他反對愛德伽， 后來愛德伽扮裝逃亡。愛德蒙（Edmund）：葛羅斯特伯爵的私生子，他為高納里爾和里根服務來使得自己不斷上升，三人之間關系曖昧。愛德伽（Edgar）：葛羅斯特伯爵的兒子，他改裝后化名為“湯姆·白德蘭(TomBedlam)”，繼續(xù)服侍他的瞎眼的父親，最后他成為國王。奧斯華德（Oswald）：高納里爾的侍者，被稱為是一個“有效的壞蛋”。他試圖刺殺葛羅斯伯爵，但被愛德伽所殺。弄人（TheFool）：一個忠于李爾和考狄利婭的宮廷小丑。劇情介紹開始時葛羅斯特伯爵向肯特伯爵推薦他的私生子愛德蒙。此后李爾王上臺決定退位和將他的王國分給他的三個女兒：高納里爾、里根和考狄利婭。高納里爾和里根已婚，而考狄利婭還未婚，她是李爾最喜歡的女兒，也是最被追求的新娘。李爾因為年邁的關系，決定把國土分為三份，交給自己的女兒們，而他自己就到處去跟三位女兒一起住。于是李爾王把女兒們都叫來，叫她們各自說說她們有多愛他。高納里爾和里根為了得到更多的土地而說得天花亂墜，但是考狄利婭卻覺得因為想要獲得王國而與她的姐姐們向父親爭著討好太卑鄙了。李爾因此大怒，將考狄利婭的那份分給了他的兩個長女，并將考狄利婭驅逐。雖然如此，法國國王還是娶了考狄利婭，因為他看到了考狄利婭的真正的美德。李爾退位后立刻就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被高納里爾和里根欺騙，她們都不讓李爾和她們住在一起，抱怨父王李爾的隨從太多了。支持考狄利婭的肯特伯爵被李爾驅逐后這時回到李爾身邊，化名來保護李爾。與此同時高納里爾和里根兩人為了爭愛德蒙互相吃醋，同時還得抵御考狄利婭帶領的法國軍隊，考狄利婭重返不列顛想為父親重奪政權，但戰(zhàn)事不利，考狄利婭被殺死，李爾王守著心愛的小女兒的尸體悲痛地死去。最后高納里爾毒死了里根，而在愛德蒙死后，她也自殺了。劇中的另一個故事是葛羅斯特伯爵的兩個兒子的故事：好的愛德伽和壞的愛德蒙。愛德蒙編造假的故事來蒙害愛德迦。愛德迦因此被逐。愛德蒙與高納里爾和里根兩人調情，葛羅斯特伯爵被里根的丈夫康華爾刺瞎，但被愛德迦救了。李爾來到多佛爾，他衣衫襤褸，與老鼠說話。葛羅斯特伯爵想跳崖，但被愛德迦說服，后來與李爾相遇?！独顮柾酢氛鎸嵉胤从沉速Y本主義世界資本原始積累時期動蕩不安的英國社會的面貌，也是作者對專制王權的批判和對人性的歌頌。受狡詐冷酷的女兒和陰險殘暴的女婿的虐待，李爾由專橫暴虐、剛愎自用的統(tǒng)治者，一下子變成了“流浪的叫花子般的國王”，這個過程具體地反映了文藝復興晚期封建階級走向衰亡的歷史。葛羅斯特受到作為冒險家、陰謀家的兒子陷害后所說的“城市里有暴動，國家發(fā)生內亂，宮廷之內潛藏著逆謀；父不父，子不子，綱常倫紀完全破滅”這番話，正點出了封建主義解體、資本主義興起的過渡時期封建倫理道德趨于崩潰，人與人之間赤裸裸的金錢關系替代舊的綱紀倫常的歷史真實。劇本還通過李爾王的小女兒考狄利婭等正面形象，宣揚了人和人應該和諧真誠、應該尊重人格、應該平等相待的人文主義思想。但李爾的瘋狂致死、考狄利婭的被害和葛羅斯特的流浪等結局，又為作品抹上了濃重的憂郁色調。Act1Scene1KingLear'spalaceLEARMeantimeweshallexpressourdarkerpurpose.Givemethemapthere.KnowthatwehavedividedInthreeourkingdom;and'tisourfastintent(目的)Toshakeallcaresandbusinessfromourage,Conferring(授予)themonyoungerstrengthswhileweUnburdened(不受累的)crawl(爬行)towarddeath.OursonofCornwall,Andyou,ournolesslovingsonofAlbany,WehavethishouraconstantwilltopublishOurdaughters'severaldowers(嫁妝),thatfuturestrife(沖突)Maybepreventednow.Theprinces,FranceandBurgundy,Greatrivalsinouryoungestdaughter'slove,Longinourcourthavemadetheiramoroussojourn,Andherearetobeanswered.Tellme,mydaughters,Sincenowwewilldivest(丟棄)usbothofrule,Interestofterritory,caresofstate,—Whichofyoushallwesaydothloveusmost?Thatweourlargestbounty(獎賞)mayextendWherenaturedothwithmeritchallenge.Goneril,Oureldest-born,speakfirst.GONERILSir,Iloveyoumorethanwordscanwieldthematter;Dearerthaneye-sight,space,andliberty;Beyondwhatcanbevalued,richorrare;Nolessthanlifewithgrace,health,beauty,honour;Asmuchaschilde'erloved,orfatherfound:Alovethatmakesbreathpoor,andspeechunable;BeyondallmannerofsomuchIloveyou.CORDELIA[Aside]WhatshallCordeliaspeak?Love,andbesilent.LEAROfallthesebounds,evenfromthislinetothis,Withshadowyforestsandwithchampaigns(原野)riched,Withplenteous(富庶的)riversandwide-skirtedmeads(草地),Wemakethee(你)lady.Tothine(你的)andAlbany'sissuesBethisperpetual(永久的).Whatsaysourseconddaughter,OurdearestRegan,wifetoCornwall?Speak.REGANSir,IammadeOftheself-samemetalthatmysisteris,Andprizemeatherworth.InmytrueheartIfindshenamesmyverydeed(不只是口頭上的)oflove;Onlyshecomestooshort:thatIprofess(公開表明)Myselfanenemytoallotherjoys,Whichthemostprecioussquareofsensepossesses;AndfindIamalonefelicitate(慶幸)Inyourdearhighness'love.CORDELIA[Aside]ThenpoorCordelia!Andyetnotso;since,Iamsure,mylove'sMorericherthanmytongue.LEARTothee(你)andthine(你的)hereditary(世襲的)everRemainthisample(豐富)thirdofourfairkingdom;Nolessinspace,validity(合法),andpleasure,Thanthatconferedon(授予)Goneril.Now,ourjoy,Althoughthelast,notleast;towhoseyoungloveThevinesofFranceandmilkofBurgundyStrivetobeinteressed;whatcanyousaytodrawAthirdmoreopulent(富足的)thanyoursisters?Speak.CORDELIANothing,mylord(君主).LEARNothing!CORDELIANothing.LEARNothingwillcomeofnothing:speakagain.CORDELIAUnhappythatIam,IcannotheaveMyheartintomymouth:Iloveyourmajesty(莊嚴)Accordingtomybond(契約，名分);normorenorless.LEARHow,how,Cordelia!mendyourspeechalittle,Lestitmaymar(毀壞)yourfortunes.CORDELIAGoodmylord,Youhavebegotme,bredme,lovedme:IReturnthosedutiesbackasarerightfit,Obeyyou,loveyou,andmosthonouryou.Whyhavemysistershusbands,iftheysayTheyloveyouall?Haply,whenIshallwed(嫁人),Thatlordwhosehandmusttakemyplight(困境)shallcarryHalfmylovewithhim,halfmycareandduty:Sure,Ishallnevermarrylikemysisters,Tolovemyfatherall.LEARButgoesthyheartwiththis?CORDELIAAy,goodmylord.LEARSoyoung,andsountender(無情)?CORDELIASoyoung,mylord,andtrue.LEARLetitbeso;thytruth,then,bethy(你的)dower(嫁妝):For,bythesacredradiance(光輝)ofthesun,ThemysteriesofHecate,andthenight;Byalltheoperationoftheorbs(天體)Fromwhomwedoexist,andceasetobe(不再是);HereIdisclaimallmypaternal(父親的)care,Propinquityandpropertyofblood,AndasastrangertomyheartandmeHoldthee,fromthis,forever.ThebarbarousScythian,OrhethatmakeshisgenerationmessesTogorgehisappetite,shalltomybosomBeaswellneighbour'd,pitied,andrelieved,Asthoumysometimedaughter.KENTGoodmyliege—(君主)LEARPeace,Kent!Comenotbetweenthedragonandhiswrath(憤怒).Ilovedhermost,andthoughttosetmyrestOnherkindnursery.Hence,andavoidmysight!Sobemygravemypeace,ashereIgiveHerfather'sheartfromher!CallFrance;whostirs?

CallBurgundy.CornwallandAlbany,Withmytwodaughters'dowersdigestthisthird:Letpride,whichshecallsplainness(坦白),marryher.Idoinvestyoujointlywithmypower,Preeminence(杰出),andallthelargeeffectsThattroopwithmajesty.Ourself,bymonthlycourse,Withreservation(保留)ofanhundredknights(騎士),Byyoutobesustained,shallourabodeMakewithyoubydueturns.OnlywestillretainThename,andalltheadditionstoaking;Thesway,revenue,executionoftherest,Belovedsons,beyours:whichtoconfirm,Thiscoronetpartbetwixtyou.[Givingthecrown]KENTRoyalLear,WhomIhaveeverhonouredasmyking,Lovedasmyfather,asmymasterfollowed,Asmygreatpatronthoughtoninmyprayers--LEARThebowisbentanddrawn,makefromtheshaft(箭桿).KENTLetitfallrather,thoughtheforkinvadeTheregionofmyheart!beKentunmannerlyWhenLearismad.Whatwiltthoudo,oldman?Think'stthouthatdutyshallhavedread(害怕)tospeak,Whenpowertoflattery(奉承)bows?Toplainnesshonour'sbound,Whenmajestystoopstofolly(愚蠢的行為).Reversethystate;And,inthybestconsideration,checkThishideousrashness(魯莽):answermylifemyjudgment,Thyyoungestdaughterdoesnotlovetheeleast;Norarethoseempty-heartedwhoselowsoundReverbsnohollowness.LEARKent,onthy(你的)life,nomore.KENTMylifeIneverheldbutasapawnTowageagainstthyenemies;norfeartoloseit,Thysafetybeingthemotive.LEAROutofmysight!KENTSeebetter,Lear;andletmestillremainThetrueblankofthineeye.LEARNow,byApollo--KENTNow,byApollo,king,Thouswear'stthygodsinvain.LEARO,vassal(奴才)!miscreant!(惡棍)[Layinghishandonhissword]ALBANY

CORNWALL

Dearsir,forbear.(息怒)

KENTDo.Killthyphysician,andthefeebestow(贈給)Uponthyfouldisease.Revokethygift;

Or,whilstIcanventclamour(抗議)frommythroat,I'lltelltheethoudostevil.LEARHearme,recreant(懦夫)!Onthineallegiance(忠誠),hearme!Sincethouhastsoughttomakeusbreakourvow,Whichwedurstneveryet,andwithstrainedprideTocomebetweenoursentenceandourpower,Whichnorournaturenorourplacecanbear,Ourpotencymadegood,takethyreward.Fivedayswedoallotthee,forprovisionToshieldtheefromdiseasesoftheworld;AndonthesixthtoturnthyhatedbackUponourkingdom:if,onthetenthdayfollowing,Thybanish'dtrunkbefoundinourdominions,Themomentisthydeath.Away!byJupiter,Thisshallnotberevoked.KENTFaretheewell,king:siththusthouwiltappear,Freedomliveshenceandbanishment(放逐)ishere.[ToCORDELIA]Thegodstotheirdearsheltertakethee,maid,Thatjustlythink'st,andhastmostrightlysaid![ToREGANandGONERIL]Andyourlargespeechesmayyourdeedsapprove,Thatgoodeffectsmayspringfromwordsoflove.ThusKent,Oprinces,bidsyoualladieu;He'llshapehisoldcourseinacountrynew.[Exit][Flourish.Re-enterGLOUCESTER,withKINGOFFRANCE,BURGUNDY,andAttendants]GLOUCESTERHere'sFranceandBurgundy,mynoblelord.LEARMylordofBurgundy.Wefirstaddresstowardsyou,whowiththiskingHathrivall'dforourdaughter:what,intheleast,Willyourequireinpresentdowerwithher,Orcease(終止)yourquestoflove?BURGUNDYMostroyalmajesty,Icrave(渴望)nomorethanwhatyourhighnessoffered,Norwillyoutenderless.LEARRightnobleBurgundy,Whenshewasdeartous,wedidholdherso;Butnowherpriceisfall'n.Sir,thereshestands:Ifaughtwithinthatlittleseemingsubstance,Orallofit,withourdispleasurepieced,Andnothingmore,mayfitlylikeyourgrace,She'sthere,andsheisyours.BURGUNDYIknownoanswer.LEARWillyou,withthoseinfirmities(體弱)sheowes,Unfriended,new-adoptedtoourhate,

Doweredwithourcurse,andstrangeredwithouroath(誓言),Takeher,orleaveher?BURGUNDYPardonme,royalsir;Electionmakesnotuponsuchconditions.LEARThenleaveher,sir;for,bythepowerthatmademe,Itellyouallherwealth.[ToKINGOFFRANCE]Foryou,greatking,Iwouldnotfromyourlovemakesuchastray,TomatchyouwhereIhate;thereforebeseech(懇求)youToavert(轉移)yourlikingamoreworthierwayThanonawretchwhomnatureisashamedAlmosttoacknowledgehers.KINGOFFRANCEThisismoststrange,Thatshe,thatevenbutnowwasyourbestobject,Theargumentofyourpraise,balm(安慰)ofyourage,Mostbest,mostdearest,shouldinthistriceoftime(轉眼之間)Commitathingsomonstrous(極其可惡的),todismantleSomanyfoldsoffavour.Sure,heroffenceMustbeofsuchunnaturaldegree,Thatmonstersit,oryourfore-vouch'daffectionFall'nintotaint:whichtobelieveofher,MustbeafaiththatreasonwithoutmiracleCouldneverplantinme.CORDELIAIyetbeseechyourmajesty,--IfforIwantthatglibandoilyart,Tospeakandpurposenot;sincewhatIwellintend,I'lldo'tbeforeIspeak,--thatyoumakeknownItisnoviciousblot(丑惡的污點),murder,orfoulness,Nounchaste(不貞潔的)action,ordishonouredstep,Thathathdeprivedmeofyourgraceandfavour;ButevenforwantofthatforwhichIamricher,Astill-solicitingeye,andsuchatongueAsIamgladIhavenot,thoughnottohaveitHathlostmeinyourliking.LEARBetterthouHadstnotbeenbornthannottohavepleasedmebetter.KINGOFFRANCEIsitbutthis,--atardinessinnatureWhichoftenleavesthehistoryunspokeThatitintendstodo?MylordofBurgundy,Whatsayyoutothelady?Love'snotloveWhenitismingled(夾雜)withregardsthatstandAlooffromtheentirepoint.Willyouhaveher?Sheisherselfadowry(嫁妝).BURGUNDYRoyalLear,Givebutthatportion(一份)whichyourselfproposed,AndhereItakeCordeliabythehand,DuchessofBurgundy.LEARNothing:Ihavesworn;Iamfirm.BURGUNDYIamsorry,then,youhavesolostafatherThatyoumustloseahusband.CORDELIAPeacebewithBurgundy!

Sincethatrespectsoffortunearehislove,Ishallnotbehiswife.KINGOFFRANCEFairestCordelia,thatartmostrich,beingpoor;Mostchoice,forsaken(被棄);andmostloved,despised(被輕視)!TheeandthyvirtueshereIseizeupon:BeitlawfulItakeupwhat'scastaway.Gods,gods!'tisstrangethatfromtheircold'stneglect(忽略)Myloveshouldkindle(激起)toinflamedrespect.Thydowerlessdaughter,king,throwntomychance,Isqueenofus,ofours,andourfairFrance:NotallthedukesofwaterishBurgundyCanbuythisunprizedpreciousmaidofme.Bidthemfarewell(告別),Cordelia,thoughunkind:Thoulosesthere,abetterwheretofind.LEARThouhasther,France:letherbethine;forweHavenosuchdaughter,norshalleverseeThatfaceofhersagain.ThereforebegoneWithoutourgrace,ourlove,ourbenison(祝福).Come,nobleBurgundy.[Flourish.ExeuntallbutKINGOFFRANCE,GONERIL,REGAN,andCORDELIA]KINGOFFRANCEBidfarewelltoyoursisters.CORDELIAThejewelsofourfather,withwash'deyesCordelialeavesyou:Iknowyouwhatyouare;Andlikeasisterammostloath(不愿意的)tocallYourfaultsastheyarenamed.Usewellourfather:ToyourprofessedbosomsIcommithimButyet,alas,stoodIwithinhisgrace,Iwouldpreferhimtoabetterplace.So,farewelltoyouboth.REGANPrescribenotusourduties.GONERILLetyourstudyBetocontentyour