頸椎病中英文對照

頸椎病中英文對照第1頁/共31頁頸椎病

CervicalSpondylosis

第2頁/共31頁頸椎病CervicalSpondylosis

1、概念

Concept2、解剖

Dissect3、發(fā)病因素

Pathogenicfactors4、分型

Classification6、中醫(yī)認(rèn)識

TheunderstandinginTCM7、治療

Treatment第3頁/共31頁概念Concept

頸椎病，又稱為頸椎綜合癥，是頸椎及周圍的軟組織，如椎間盤、黃韌帶、脊髓鞘膜等發(fā)生病理改變，導(dǎo)致頸神經(jīng)根、頸脊髓、椎動脈及交感神經(jīng)受到壓迫或刺激，從而產(chǎn)生的各種臨床癥狀。

Cervicalspondylosisreferstopathogenicchangeofthecervicalvertebraeandsofttissuessurroundingthemsuchasintervertebraldisks,yellowligaments,duramaterandsoon,resultinginthenerveroot,spinalcord,thevertebralarteryandthesympatheticnerveispressedorprovoked,andoccuringaseriesofsymptoms.第4頁/共31頁解剖Dissect第5頁/共31頁解剖Dissect第6頁/共31頁解剖Dissect第7頁/共31頁發(fā)病因素Pathogenicfactors年齡

Age慢性勞損

Overstrain外傷

Trauma職業(yè)

Job第8頁/共31頁頸椎病分型

Classification頸型

Necktypecervicalspondylosis神經(jīng)根型Cervicalspondyloticradiculopathy脊髓型

Cervicalspondyloticmyelopathy椎動脈型

Vertebralarterytypeofcervicalspondylosis交感型

Sympatheticcervicalspondylosis混合型

Mixedtypeofcervicalspondylosis第9頁/共31頁頸型Necktypecervicalspondylosis

以頸部酸、痛、麻、僵為主要臨床表現(xiàn)或頸項(xiàng)部壓迫感的頸椎病，癥狀集中在頸部，轉(zhuǎn)動不靈活。

Mainclinicalmanifestations:

aciddistention、pain、numbnessandstiff

intheneck.頸椎曲度改變Thecervicalcurvaturechange第10頁/共31頁髓核突出壓迫頸神經(jīng)根Compressionofthenerveroot神經(jīng)根型Cervicalspondyloticradiculopathy

1.多見于30歲以上者M(jìn)orecommoninpeopleover30yearsold2.起病緩慢、病程長，反復(fù)發(fā)作。Slowonset,longcourseofdisease,recurrentseizures.3.頸肩部疼痛，下頸椎病變可向前臂放射。

Neckandshoulderpain,somecanradiatetotheforwardarm

第11頁/共31頁脊髓型Cervicalspondyloticmyelopathy

以頸脊髓受損為主要臨床表現(xiàn)的頸椎病。主要表現(xiàn)為走路不穩(wěn)、四肢麻木、大小便困難等。

Mainclinicalmanifestations:

Cervicalspinalcordinjury，suchasunsteadywalk,numbnessoflimbs,

micturitionanddefecationdifficulties第12頁/共31頁椎動脈型Vertebralarterytypeofcervicalspondylosis

以椎基底動脈供血不足為主要臨床表現(xiàn)的頸椎病。主要表現(xiàn)為頭痛，頭暈，黑朦等癥狀，與頸部旋轉(zhuǎn)有關(guān)。

Mainclinicalmanifestations:vertebralbasilararteryinsufficiencysuchasheadache,dizzinessandamaurosis,relatetotheneckrotation.第13頁/共31頁交感型sympatheticcervicalspondylosis

以頭頸、上肢的交感神經(jīng)功能異常為主要臨床表現(xiàn)的頸椎病。主要表現(xiàn)為頭暈、眼花、耳鳴、手麻、心動過速、心前區(qū)疼痛等一系列癥狀。X線片有失穩(wěn)或退變，椎動脈造影陰性。

Mainclinicalmanifestations:

neck,upperlimbsympatheticnervousdysfunction,suchasdizziness,tinnitus,numbnessofhand,heartbeattachycardia,precordialpain.X-ray:degenerationofcervicalvertebra.Vertebralarteryangiographynegative.第14頁/共31頁混合型Mixedtypeofcervicalspondylosis

具備以上兩種或兩種以上的表現(xiàn)者，即可確診。

Withtwoormorethantwokindsofperformanceabove.第15頁/共31頁中醫(yī)認(rèn)識TheunderstandinginTCM

本病屬于中醫(yī)的“痹證”、“項(xiàng)強(qiáng)”、“眩暈”、“頸肩痛”等范疇，《內(nèi)經(jīng)》中提到“風(fēng)、寒、濕三氣雜至合而為痹也?！?/p>

CervicalSpondylosisbelongsto“ArthralgiaDisease”、“Stiffneck”、“Dizziness”、“Neckandshoulderpain”inTCM.ThePlainQuestionsays:“Thecombinationofthreekindsofevils:wind、coldandwet，whichleadtoarthralgiadisease.”第16頁/共31頁治療Treatment1、針灸

Acupunctureandmoxibustion

2、拔罐

Cupping3、中頻

Intermediatefrequencytherapyapparatus

4、超聲

Ultrasound5、TDP

Specificelectromagneticspectrum6、牽引

Traction第17頁/共31頁針灸

Acupunctureandmoxibustion處方：以局部取穴為主Prescription:Selectpointsonthelocalasmainpoints主穴：大椎天柱后溪頸夾脊阿是穴Mainpoints:

Jiajiintheneck(EX)、Dazhui（DU-14）、Tianzhu(BL-10)、Houxi(SI-3)、Ashipoints第18頁/共31頁辯證加減

Modificationwithvarioussyndromes風(fēng)寒痹阻：加風(fēng)門、風(fēng)府祛風(fēng)通絡(luò)Obstructionbythewindandcold:addFengmen(BL-12)、Fengfu(DU-16)todispelwindandremoveobstructioninthecollaterals勞傷血瘀：膈俞、合谷、太沖活血化瘀、通絡(luò)止痛Overstrainandbloodstasis:addGeshu(BL-17)、Hegu(LI-4)、Taichong(LR-3)topromotebloodcirculationtoremovebloodstasis

肝腎虧虛：肝俞、腎俞、足三里補(bǔ)益肝腎、生血養(yǎng)筋Deficiencyoftheliverandkidney:addGanshu(BL-18)、Shenshu(BL-23)、Zusanli(ST-36)toinvigoratetheliverandkidney第19頁/共31頁針刺作用

ThefunctionofAcupuncture1、針刺可以改善腰椎間盤局部的血液循環(huán)、促進(jìn)新陳代謝;

Improvelocalbloodcirculationofthelumbarintervertebraldisc,promotetheprocessofmetabolism.2、消除神經(jīng)根的炎癥、水腫，松解粘連，改善突出物與神經(jīng)根的關(guān)系。

Eliminationinflammation、edemaofnerveroot,lysisofadhesions,improvetherelationshipbetweenhighlightandnerveroot.第20頁/共31頁拔罐Cupping作用：疏通氣血，消除瘀滯，溫通經(jīng)絡(luò)，祛濕驅(qū)風(fēng)，散寒活血，舒筋止痛Function:Promotingbloodcirculationtoremovebloodstasis,expellingwindandcold,removingobstructioninthecollateralstorelievepain.

第21頁/共31頁機(jī)制Mechanism1、機(jī)械性刺激作用：治療時，由于罐內(nèi)形成負(fù)壓，可使局部毛細(xì)血管充血，紅細(xì)胞破裂形成自身溶血現(xiàn)象，表皮呈現(xiàn)淤血。由于類組胺物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生，刺激各器官增強(qiáng)其功能活動，提高機(jī)體抵抗力。負(fù)壓的機(jī)械刺激通過反射途徑傳達(dá)到中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，調(diào)節(jié)神經(jīng)活動。1、Mechanicalstimulation：Duringthetreatment,duetotheformationofnegative-pressureinthecup,canmakelocalcapillarycongestion,erythroidburst-formingautoimmunehemolyticphenomenon,theepidermispresentscongestion.Duetoclassofhistaminesubstanceproduce,stimulationofvariousorganstostrengthenitsfunction,improvethebodyresistance.Negativepressuremechanicalstimulationbyreflexpathwaystothecentralnervoussystem,modulateneuralactivity.

第22頁/共31頁2、溫?zé)嶙饔?使局部血管擴(kuò)張，促進(jìn)局部血液循環(huán)，改善新陳代謝和組織營養(yǎng)狀態(tài)，使血管和細(xì)胞的通透性增強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)了網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮系統(tǒng)的吞噬功能，有利于炎癥的吸收。2、Thermaleffects：Makethelocalexpansionofbloodvessels,promotebloodcirculation,improvetheprocessofmetabolismandtissuenutritionstate,sothatenhancesthepermeabilityofthebloodvesselsandcells,enhancedthephagocyticfunctionofthereticuloendothelialsystem,isconducivetotheabsorptionofinflammation.第23頁/共31頁中頻

Intermediatefrequencytherapyapparatus

ElectricalstimulationoftheIntermediatefrequencytoimprovethelocalbloodcirculation,sothattomitigateedemabetweentheorganizationofnervefibres,reducedtissuetension,eliminateorreducethelesionareaofischemiaandanoxia,eliminatesomevasoactivesubstancessuchas5-serotonin,bradykinin,histamine,substancePwhichinducedpain,achievetheanalgesiceffect.

中頻電刺激后改善了局部血液循環(huán)，使組織內(nèi)神經(jīng)纖維間水腫減輕，組織張力減低，病灶區(qū)缺血缺氧狀態(tài)消除或減輕，使體內(nèi)一些血管活性物質(zhì)如5—羥色胺、緩激肽、組胺、P物質(zhì)等致痛物質(zhì)得以消除，從而起到了止痛作用。第24頁/共31頁超聲Ultrasound

1、機(jī)械作用：軟化組織，增強(qiáng)滲透，提高代謝，促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)，刺激神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和細(xì)胞功能。1、Mechanicalstimulation：Softtissue,enhancepenetration,improvemetabolism,promotebloodcirculation,stimulatethenervoussystemandcellfunction.2、溫?zé)嶙饔茫涸鰪?qiáng)血液循環(huán)、加強(qiáng)代謝、改善局部組織營養(yǎng)、增強(qiáng)酶的活力、降低肌肉和結(jié)締組織張力、緩解痙攣、減輕疼痛，同時又可降低感覺神經(jīng)興奮性，起到鎮(zhèn)痛作用。2、Thermaleffects：Improvebloodcirculation,strengthenthemetabolism,improvelocaltissuenutrition,enhanceenzymeactivity,reducedmuscleandconnectivetissuetension,relievespasmandpain,butalsocanreducethesensorynerveexcitability,achievetheanalgesiceffect.第25頁/共31頁TDP

Specificelectromagneticspectrum

1、熱作用:紅外線被人體吸收后轉(zhuǎn)變成熱能，通過熱傳導(dǎo)作用而使深層以至全身加熱。1、Thermaleffects：Infraredabsorptionbyhumanbodyisconvertedintoheatenergy,throughaheatconductioneffectandmakedeeptissueevensystemicheating.2、解痙鎮(zhèn)痛：提高痛閾和耐痛閾。2、Antispasmodicandanalgesic：Increasedpainthresholdandpaintolerancethreshold.第26頁/共31頁3、治療關(guān)節(jié)攣縮：熱可以提高攣縮關(guān)節(jié)及周圍組織的彈性。3、Treatmentofarticularcontracture：Heatcanimprovetheelasticityofthecontractureofthejointsandthesurroundingtissues.4、免疫作用：紅外線可以擴(kuò)張血管，改善血液循環(huán)，提高一切自身防御機(jī)制的活性，從而有非特異性消炎作用。

4、Immunefunction：Infraredcandilatebloodvessels,improvebloodcirculation,improvetheactivityofalldefensemechanisms,thushavethenonspecificanti-inflammatoryeffect.第27頁/共31頁牽引Traction

1、使椎間隙和椎間孔增大，改變神經(jīng)根與壓迫物之間的位置關(guān)系，減輕或解除神經(jīng)根等組織的刺激或壓迫。

Enlargethevertebraandintervertebralforamen,changesthepositionrelationshipbetweenthenerverootandcompression,reduceorrelievetheirritationorcompressionofthenerveroot.2、牽開小關(guān)節(jié)間隙，解除滑膜嵌頓，糾正椎體的側(cè)傾、旋轉(zhuǎn)、滑脫及后關(guān)節(jié)的錯位。

Pulltheclearanceofthesmalljoints,relievingsynovialincarceration,correctionrotation,slippageandjointdislocationofthevertebral.第28頁/共31頁3、局部制動，減少活動所造成的刺激和摩擦，有利于神經(jīng)根、脊髓、關(guān)節(jié)囊、肌肉等的水腫和炎癥的吸收。

Localbraking,reducedirritationandfrictioncausedbyactivity,whichisconducivetotheedemaandinflammatoryabsorptionofthenerveroot,spinalcord,jointcapsule,muscleandsoon.4、降低椎間盤內(nèi)壓或椎間盤內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的負(fù)壓，緩沖椎間盤向四周的壓力，有利于膨出的髓核還納。

Reducingintradis