2023年四川大學(xué)獨(dú)家真題

四川大學(xué)2023年博士碩士英語入學(xué)考試試題考生請注意：1. 本試題共5大題，共11頁，請考生注意檢杏.考試時間為180分鐘2. 1-70題答案請?zhí)顚懺跈C(jī)讀卡對應(yīng)處，否則不給分。3. 翻譯和作文題答在答題紙上，答在試題上不給分。書寫規(guī)定字跡消楚、工整。I. ReadingComprehension(30%;onemarkeach)Directions:Readthefollowingsixpassages.Answerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneWhenapersonbeginsamediatedorimmediateencounter,healreadystandsinsomekindofsocialrelationshiptotheothersconcerned,andexpectstostandinagivenrelationshiptothemaftertheparticularencounterends.This,ofcourse,isoneofthewaysinwhichsocialcontactsaregearedintothewidersociety.Muchoftheactivityoccurringduringanencountercanbeunderstoodasaneffortoneveryone’sparttogetthroughtheoccasionandalltheunanticipatedandunintentionaleventsthatcancastparticipantsinanundesirablelight,withoutdisruptingtherelationshipsoftheparticipants.Andifrelationshipsareintheprocessofchange，theobjectwillbetobringtheencountertoasatisfactoryclosewithoutalteringtheexpectedcourseofdevelopment.Theperspectivenicelyaccounts,forexample,forthelittleceremoniesofgreetingandfarewellwhichoccurwhenpeoplebeginaconversationalencounterordepartfromone.Greetingsprovideawayofshowingthatarelationshipisstillwhatitwasattheterminationofthepreviousco-participation,and,typically,thatthisrelationshipinvolvessufficientsuppressionofhostilityfortheparticipantstemporarilytodroptheirguardsandtalk.Farewellssumuptheeffectoftheencounterupontherelationshipandshowwhattheparticipantsmayexpectofoneanotherwhentheynextmeet.Theenthusiasmofgreetingscompensatesfortheweakeningoftherelationshipcausedbytheabsencejustterminated,whiletheenthusiasmoffarewellscompensatestherelationshipfortheharmthatisabouttobedonetoitbyseparation.Itseemstobeacharacteristicobligationofmanysocialrelationshipsthateachofthemembersguaranteestosupportagivenfacefortheothermembersingivensituations.Topreventdisruptionoftheserelationships,itisthereforenecessarilyforeachmembertoavoiddestroyingtheothers’face.Atthesametime,itisoftentheperson’ssocialrelationshipwithothersthatleadshimtoparticipateincertainencounterswiththem,whereincidentallyhewillbedependentuponthemforsupportinghisface.Furthermore,inmanyrelationships,thememberscometoshareaface,sothatinthepresenceofthirdpartiesanimproperactonthepartofonememberbecomesasourceofacuteembarrassmenttotheothermembers.Asocialrelationship,then,canbeseenasawayinwhichthepersonismorethanordinarilyforcedtotrusthisself-imageandfacetothetactandgoodconductofothers.1.Thelastwordofthefirstsentence,namely“ends'ismostlikelyB.[A] anoun,meaning“purposes”or“objectives”[B] averb,meaning“comestoafinish”[C] apostpositionaladjective,meaning“finishing” [D] anadjective,meaning“purposeful”2. Accordingtotheauthor,ifanyunexpecteddifficultiesoccurinasocialcontact,B.[A] therelationshipsbetweentheparticipantsbreakup[B] thosewhoparticipatewillbeinanunintentionalevent[C] allparticipantswouldtrytomaintaintheirrelationships|D]theparticipantswillcertainlygetthroughanactivity3. WhichofthefollowingisNOTanideaoftheauthor?C[A] Theparticipantshopetheirrelationshipwouldbethesameastheymetlast.[B] Greetingsarejustasimportantasfarewellsinasocialencounter.[C] Beforeeverygreetingthereisalwayssufficienthostilitytosuppress.[D] Iftheirrelationshipchanges,theparticipantswantittochangeastheyhoped.4. Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmeansthat .A[A] one’sself-imageisdependentonhowothersbehave[B] faceandself-imagearetwodifferentkindsofrelationships[C] socialrelationshipissomethingthatisforcedonallparticipants[D] togetalongwellwithothersisaprocessofgivingeachotherface5. Thebesttitleforthispassagemaywellbe .A[A] FaceandSocialRelationship [B] HowtoConductSocially[C] GreetingsandFarewells [D] ConversationalSociologyPassageTwo（Tips:出現(xiàn)人名字旳地方用筆圈出來，數(shù)字用筆圈出來）ThepoetWilliamBlakewroteintheearlynineteenthcentury:“Greatthingsaredonewhenmenandmountainsmeet.”GreatthingsindeedweredoneonMountEverestinMayof1996.Alsopoignantthings,foolishthings,deadlythings：Hundredsofclimbersfromelevendifferentexpeditionswereonthemountainthirty-onenearthesummitwhenafreakishandfierce-somestormblewin.Eightclimbersperished,thehighestone-daydeathtollsincethefirstexpeditiontriedtoreachthetopoftheworld’stallestpeakin1921.Adventurershavealwayssoughtchallenges:deeperjungles,wideroceans,newerworlds.Butmountainshavebeenspecial.Perhapsit’stheirsize,theirpower,theirresistancetoconquest.InPatrickMeyers’splayK2,amaroonedclimberontheHimalayapeakthatgivestheplayitsnamedeliversthisline:“Mountainsaremetaphors.”Andsotheyare.Climberssearchnotjustforsummitsbutalsoforthemselves.Theyreachuptoreachin.ThathelpsexplainwhyEveresthasbeenenvelopedby“MountainMadness，”thenameofaSeattlecompanythatoffersguidedtoursofthepeakforabout$65,000(plusairfaretoNepal).Newtechnologyandequipmenthavealsohelped:lightergear,warmerclothing,betterradiosandtelephones.Andtheadventurecanbeshared,practicallyinrealtime,withInternetbrowsersaroundtheworld.Butthecommunityofhigh-mountainexplorersnowisgrippedbysoul-searchingandsecond-guessing.Everest,afterall,isnotathemepeak.Someofthedeadwereexperiencedguideswholosttheirlivestryingtosavelessagileamateurs.SaidMarkBryant,editorofOutsideMagazines:“Someofushavebeenasking:IsitrightthatanaverageclimbercanorderanascentofEverestoutofacatalog?”AnAustralianmountaineer,TimMcCartney-Snape,toldtheAssociatedPress:“Somethingsshouldremainsacred,andEverestisoneofthem.Eventhestrongestandtoughesthavefounditcanbeextremelydifficultjustexistingatthataltitude,withoutotherpeopledependingonyou.OnEverest,dependencycanleadtoheroismandtotragedy.Onefrostbittenamateur,SeaborneWeathersofDallas,waspluckedfromarockyledgeat22,000feetbyaNepalesearmyhelicopter—anactofincrediblebravery.AndRobHall,aguidewhohadclimbedEverestseveraltimes,stayedonitsslopewithadyingcustomer.Afterlearningtheywerehopelesslytrapped,Hallmanagedtoplaceasatellitetelephonecalltohispregnantwife,Jan,inNewZealand.“Hey,look,”hetoldher,“don’tworryaboutme.”Atthatmoment,HallrememberedHarold,thecharacterinK2whomuses:“Understandinghasnomeaning.Holdingon,justholdingon,thathasmeaning.LikeHarold,heknewthemountainwasstillamountain.Stillagoal.Stilladream.Andhecouldn’tholdon.RobHalldiedbeforerescuerscouldreachhim.6. Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheauthor’spointofview?[A] AmateursshouldnotbeencouragedtoclimbMountEverest.[B] GuidedtoursofMountEveresthavebecomeasourceofenormousprofits.[C] Inthepast,MountEveresthasmadeheroesoutofordinarymenandwomen.[D] MountEverestshouldremainametaphortobetalkedabout.7. Thesentence“Theyreachuptoreachin”maybebestparaphrasedby“ ”[A] Toknowtheinherentmeaningofamountain,oneneedstoclimbuptothetop[B] Inconqueringthemountain,onefindsaproofofoneself[C] Mountaineersmustclimbupwardinordertoclimbinsideit[D] Oneneedstoclimbuptothetoptoseewhyamountainismetaphorical8. AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT .[A] Mountainclimbingcanhavealivereportsimultaneously[B] Mountaineerscanbelocatedinstantlyduringtheirclimbing[C] Newtechnologysignificantlyreducesrisksanddangersinmountainclimbing{D}Itismoredangeroustohavesomeonedependingonyouduringmountainclimbing9. Inthelastparagraph,Harold’ssaying“Understandinghasnomeaning”means .[A] determinationismorevitalthanthinking[B] persistenceandactionrequirereasoning[C] oneshouldavoidmisunderstandingthesituation[D] itismeaninglesstothink inmountaineering10. Mostlikely,theauthorofthispassageis ..[A]ahistorian [B] amountaineer[C]atouristguide [D]areporterPassage3TheHertzCorporation,theU.S.AirForce,HyattHotelsCorporation,theCityofDallas,andtheNeiman-MarcusGroup,Inc.,haveonethingincommonallhavepurchasedtheservicesofFeedbackPlus.FeedbackPlusisanagencythatdispatchesprofessionalshopperswhoposeascustomers.These“mystery”shoppersvisittheclient’sbusiness,purchaseproductsorservicesandreportbacktotheclientonthequalityofservicetheyreceive.TheCityofDallashiredFeedbackPlustoseehowcar-poundemployeestreatcitizenspickinguptheircars.TheAirForceisusingprofessionalshopperstoassesscustomerserviceattheiron-basesupplystores.Banks,hospitals,andpublicutilitiesarealsohiringmysteryshoppers.VickieHenry,chiefexecutiveofFeedbackPlus,notesthatmanysimilarfirmscompeteforclient’sbusiness,andservicereallydifferentiatesonefirmfromanother.AlthoughHenryhasadatabaseof8,800peoplewhoserveasprofessionalshoppers,shesometimesassumestheroleofmysteryshopperherself.Duringarecentvisittoanupscalewomen'sapparelstore,sheobservedthetypeofcustomerservicemostcompaniesattempttoavoid.Noneofthemanysalespeopleonthesalesfloorsaidhellowhensheenteredthestore.Whensheremovedaskirtfromaclothingrack,noneofthesalespeopleapproachedher.Finally,severalminutesafterenteringthestore,Henryapproachedasalespersonandaskedtousethedressingroom.Needlesstosay,serviceatthisfirmdidnotreceivehighmarksfromFeedbackPlus.Asorganizationsexperienceincreasedcompetitionforclients,patients,andcustomers,awarenessoftheimportanceofpubliccontactincreases.Theyaregivingnewattentiontotheoldadage“Firstimpressionsarelastingimpressions.”Researchindicatesthatinitialimpressionsdoindeedtendtolinger.Therefore,apositivefirstimpressioncansetthestageforalong-termrelationship.WeareindebtedtoSusanBixler,presidentofProfessionalImage,Inc.,andauthorofProfessionalPresence,forgivingusabetterunderstandingofwhatitmeanstopossessprofessionalpresence.Professionalpresenceisadynamicblendofpoise,self-confidence,controlandstylethatempowersustobeabletocommandrespectinanysituation.Onceacquired,itpermitsustobeperceivedasself-assuredandthoroughlycompetent.Weprojectaconfidencethatotherscanquicklyperceivethefirsttimetheymeetus.Bixlerpointsoutthat,inmostcases,thecredentialswepresentduringajobintervieworwhenwearebeingconsideredforapromotionarenotverydifferentfromthoseofotherpersonsbeingconsidered,[tisoarprofessionalpresencethatpermitsustoriseabovethecrowd.DebraBenton,acareerconsultant,says,“Anybosswithachoiceoftwopeoplewithequalqualificationswillchoosetheonewithstyleaswellassubstance.”Learningtocreateaprofessionalpresenceisoneofthemostvaluableskillswecanacquire.Thedevelopmentofprofessionalpresencebeginswithafullappreciationofthepoweroffirstimpressions.Thetendencytoformimpressionsquicklyatthetimeofaninitialmeetingillustrateswhatsocialpsychologistscallaprimacyeffectinthewaypeopleperceiveoneanother.Thegeneralprincipleisthatfirstimpressionsestablishthementalframeworkwithinwhichapersonisviewed,andlaterevidenceiseitherignoredorreinterpretedtocoincidewiththisframework.11. ForallofthefollowingwalksoflifeEXCEPTthe theprofessionalpresencehasbeendiscussedinthispassage.[A] economic [B]military[C] academic [D]medical12. Theunderlinedword“apparel”inthefirstparagraphmeans““ [A] apparatus [B]cosmetics[C] clothing [D]specialty13. Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?[A] Nofirstimpressionswouldeverchangeinthelatercontacts.[B] Howonecomposesoneselfdetermineshowoneisevaluatedbyothers.[C] Socialpsychologyisasciencethatstipulatestheprinciplesforsocialbehaviors.[D] Opportunitiesinjobsorpromotionsareforthosewhodifferfromtheircompetitors.14. Theunderlinedword:“poise”inthethirdparagraphmeans:[A]propercomportment[B]desirableposition[C]carefulpause[D]positiveassurance15.Whichofthefollowingislikelytobethetitleofthisarticle?[A]ThePowerofFirstImpression[B] ThePrimacyEffectinMarketing[C] SocialPsychologyinBusiness[D] TheImportanceofFeedbackPassageFourYoucan’tdriveifyou’reblind,orblinddrunk,butanalarmingnumberofAmericansfindthemselves,atleastoccasionally,drivinginablindrage.“It’samajorsocialissue，”saysDr.RicardoMartinez,administratoroftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration.“A3,000-poundcarinthehandsofrude,hostilepersonisalethalweapon.”Areporton“roadrage”tobereleasedthisweekbytheAmericanAutomobilesAssociationconcludedthat“motorists...areincreasinglybeingshot,stabbed,beaten,andrunoverforinanereasons.”Andinanityisnotconfinedtoyoungloutsin“Baywatch”T-shirt:youngmenarebyfarthemostcommonperpetrators,butmiddle-agedmenandwomencanbeequallybigjerks.Themostcommonmanifestationofroadragewasaggressivetailgating,followedbyheadlightflashing,“obscenegestures”,blockingothervehicles,andverbalabuse.Drivershavebeenassaultedwithweaponsrangingfrompartiallyeatenburritostocanes(“afavoritewiththeelderlyanddisabled”）togolfclubsandothervehicles,includingbuses,bulldozers,forklifts,andmilitarytanks.“Intermsoffatalcrashes,drunksareamuchbiggermenace,”saysDavidWillis,presidentoftheAAAFoundationofTrafficSafety.“Buttheaveragemotoristdoesn’tencounteradrunkveryoften,whileinaplacelikeWashington,D.C.,atleastonceaweekyou’llhaveanencounterwithsomecrazyguyontheroad.”Naturally,thephenomenonhasgivenrisetoitsowntherapeuticmovement,whoseleadingpractitionerisaWhittier,California,psychologistnamedArnoldNerenburg.Nerenburg,whocallshimself“America’sRoadRageTherapist”,hasidentifiedfourstimulithatprovokedroadrage.Themostcommonisfeelingendangeredbysomeoneelse’sdrivingforexample,whenanotherdrivercutsyouofforfollowstooclosely.Othersareresentmentatbeingforcedtoslowdown,righteousindignationatsomeonewhobreakstrafficrulesorstealsyourparkingspaceandperhapsthemostdangerous,becauseitopensthedoortoanescalatingexchangeofhostilitiesangeratanotherdriverwhotakeshisownroadrageoutonyou.Thefactthatmostdriversaremutualstrangerscontributestothevolatilityofhighwayconfrontations.“There’sadeeppsychologicalurgetoreleaseaggressionagainstananonymousother,”Nerenburgsays.Road-ragetherapytendstowardthecommon-sensical“Takeadeepbreathandjustletitgo,”Nerenburgrecommends.Butitmighthelptoconsiderthatyoumightnotbeallthatanonymoustotheotherdriver.Oneofhispatientsrealizedthedepthofhisproblemafterheyelledanobscenityatthewomaninthenextcarwhoturnedouttobehisbossswife.16 .Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage? [A] MoreandmoreAmericansareusingtheircarstoexpresstheiranger.[B] Oldpeopleandwomenaremilderintemperamentduringdriving.[C]Commonsensemightbethebasisforovercomingroadrage.[D]Ifpeopleknoweachother,roadragewouldnothappen.17.AccordingtoAmericanAutomobileAssociation,thepeoplearemorelikelythanalltheotherstoberoad-angered.[A]young [B]middle-aged[C]old [D]handicapped18. Whichofthefollowingisajustifiablecauseforroadrage,accordingtoDr.Nerenburg?[A]Anotherdriverfailstoobserveatrafficlaw.[B] Theparkingspaceisoccupiedbyanothercar.[C] Thelaneistakenbyaslowly-movingcar.[D] Anotherdriverflashesthehead-light.19. Theunderlinedword“l(fā)ethal”inthefirstparagraphmeans :[A]powerful [B]illegal[C] dangerous [D]deadly20. WhatmightbethedeepproblemthatoneofNerenburg’spatientshadrealized?[A] Hefacesalawsuitofsexharassment.[B] Heisindangerofbeingfired.[C] Hewillbefinedbytrafficpolice.[D] Hefallsillandhastoseeadoctor.PassageFiveMostpeople,askediftheycanthinkwithout-speech,wouldprobablyanswer,“Yes,butitisnoteasyformetodoso.StillIknowitcanbedone.”Languageisbutagarment!Butwhatiflanguageisnotsomuchagarmentasapreparedroadorgroove?Itis,indeed,inthehighestdegreelikelythatlanguageisaninstrumentoriginallyputtouseslowerthantheconceptualplaneandthatthoughtarisesasarefinedinterpretationofitscontent.Theproductgrows,inotherwords,withtheinstrumentandthethoughtmaybenomoreconceivable,initsgenesisanddailypractice,withoutspeechthanismathematicalreasoningpracticablewithouttheleverofanappropriatemathematicallysymbolism.Noonebelievesthateventhemostdifficultmathematicalpropositionisinherentlydependentonanarbitrarysetofsymbols,butitisimpossibletosupposethatthehumanmindiscapableofarrivingatorholdingsuchapropositionwithoutthesymbolism.Thewriter,forone,isstronglyoftheopinionthatthefeelingentertainedbysomanythattheycanthink,orevenreason,withoutlanguageisanillusion.Theillusionseemstobeduetoanumberoffactors.Thesimplestoftheseisthefailuretodistinguishbetweenimageryandthought.Asamatteroffact,nosoonerdowetrytoputanimageintoconsciousrelationwithanotherthanwefindourselvesslippingintoasilentflowofwords.Thoughtmaybeanaturaldomainapartfromtheartificialoneofspeech,butspeechwouldseemtotheonlyroadweknowofthatleadstoit.21.Inthefirstline,theunderlinedphrasecanbestbereplacedby [A]mostofthepeople [B]morepeople[C]morethanonepeople[D]manypeople22.Inline3,theword‘groove”isprobablyclosestinmeaningto[A]latergrowth[B]designatedslot[C]particularpath[D]ready-madeviaduct23.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthepassageagree?[A]Thoughtcameintobeingearlierthanlanguage[B]Itislanguagethatmakesconceptualthoughtpossible[C]Thoughtisnodifferentfrommathematicsbecauseitdependsonsymbolism[D]Boththoughtandlanguagearetheinterpretationofpropositions.24.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheauthor?[A]Theimageryisthepreconditionofthought[B]Thoughthastobeboreinwords.[C]Imageryisanexplanationofwords.[D]Onceweusewords,wemakemistakes.25.Theideaofthispassageisheldby[A]somepeopleincludingthewriter.[B]thewriterhimselfalone[C]mostpeoplebutthewriter[D]oneofthepeopleotherthanthewriterPassageSixStrikesandstrikebreaking,lockoutsandboycotts,allpitonesideagainsttheotherinlabordisputes.Ultimately,thenegativeeffectsofsuchactionsincludingresentment,fear,anddistrustlingerformonthsoryearsafteradisputehasbeenresolved.Increasingly,moreproductivetechniquessuchasmediationandarbitrationarebeingusedtosettledisagreementsbetweenlaborandmanagement.Eitheronemaycomeintoplaybeforealaborcontractexpiresoraftersomeotherstrategy,suchasastrike,hasprovenineffective.Mediationistheuseofaneutralthirdpartytoassistmanagementandtheunionduringtheirnegotiations.Thisthirdparty(themediator)listenstobothsides,tryingtofindcommongroundforagreement.Themediatoralsotriestoencouragecommunicationbetweenthetwosidestopromotecompromise,andgenerallykeepthenegotiationmoving.Initially,themediatormaymeetprivatelywitheachside.Eventually,however,thegoalistogetthetwosidestosettletheirdifferencesatthebargainingtable.Unlikemediation,thearbitrationstepinvolvesaformalhearing.Justasitmaybethefinalstepinagrievanceprocedure,itmayalsobeusedincontractnegotiationswhenthetwosidescannotagreeononeormoreissues.Atthispoint,thearbitratorhearstheformalpositionsofbothpartiesonoutstanding,unresolvedissues.Thearbitratorthenanalyzesthesepositionsandmakesadecisiononthepossibleresolutionoftheissues.Ifbothsideshaveagreedinadvancethatthearbitrationwillbebinding,thatmeanstheymustacceptthearbitrator’sdecision.Ifmediationandarbitrationareunsuccessful,thenaccordingtotheTaft-HartleyAct,thepresidentoftheUnitedStatescanobtainatemporaryinjunctiontopreventortostopastrikeifitwouldendangernationalhealthorsecurity.26.Accordingtotheauthor,withthesolutionofalaborcrisis[A]thetensionbetweenlaborandmanagementcancontinue[B] laborandmanagementdonottrusteachotheranymore[C] thenegativeeffectofactionslikestrikewouldberesolved[D] alongtimeisneededtobringthedisputetoanend27. Toresolvealabordispute,oneshould [A] resorttomediationorarbitrationfromthestart[B] makesurethatthelaborcontractexpires[C] takeotherstepsbeforegoingtomediationorarbitration[D] strikefirstandthenacceptmediationorarbitration28. Whichofthefollowingistrueofmediation?[A] Themediatormakesfinaldecisionsaftermeetingwithbothsides.[B] Toavoidbias,themediatorcannotmeeteithersideinadvance.[C] Theprimarytaskistohelpbothsidesbargainwitheachother.[D] Themediatorcanbearepresentativefromeitherthelabororthemanagement.29. Thepre-conditionforanarbitrationtobeauthoritativeisthat [A] bothsidesagreeinadvancetoabidebythedecisionmade[B] aformalhearingmustbeconductedjustlikeinacourttrial[C] thedecisionisfocusedonthemostoutstandingandunresolvedissues[D] thereisnobargainingallowedbyarbitration，unlikemediation30. Inthelastsentence,theunderlinedword“injunction”mostlikelyrefersto [A]aformaldeclaration [B]asubpoena[C] alawsuitprotocol [D]anofficialorderVIVocabulary(10%;0-5markeach)31.Dr.NormanBethunecamefromCanadatohelptheChinesepeopleintheirwaragainstJapaneseaggression.[A]intheway [B]alltheway [C]alongtheway [D]bytheway32.Throughouthistory,hewhoknowstheartofwarusesforceonlyasthelast[A]resort [B]rescue [C]refrain [D]recant33.Afteracarefulinvestigationandevaluation，thecityhalldecidedtotheoldhouse.[A]dismantle [B]destroy [C] demolish[D]delineate34.Themonumentwassosmallthatitappearstobemoreforthanformemorial.[A]significance [B]indifference [C]oblivion [D]memory35.MillionsofyearsagotheVesuvianvolcanodestroyedPompeii,buttodayitis[A]dormant [B]Pacifying [C]ignited [D]pictured36.Becausehumanshavetotalkaboutthelimitlessworldbymeansoflimitedlanguagesounds,thereisagreat betweentheworldandlanguage.[A]apathy [B]anomaly [C]asymmetry [D]agnosticism37.Ifanorganismisquitesuccessfulingettingusedwiththeenvironmentthatisnewtoit,wesaythattheorganismisvery[A]agile [B]adjustable [C]adoptive [D]adaptive38.WhenwedoPlanning,weShouldtakea11relevantfactorsintoconsiderationinordertoasmuchaspossiblethedifficultcasesorevenfailures.?[A]forestall [B]forerun[C]foretell[D]forecast39.isthepracticeofputtingyourselfinapositionofanotherpersoninordertounderstandhis/herfeelings.[A]affectionate[B]empathy[C]pathology [D]affiliation40.Inschoolsanduniversities,somecoursesarecompulsory,whichonehastotake,whiletheothersare(),eitherfreelyofasrequired.[A]optimal[B]opaque[C]optical [D]optional41.Whenoneappliesforajobposition,oneneedsto()one'sresume,describingone'seducationalaswellasworkingexperiences.[A]submit [B]subject [C]submerge [D]subside42.Asindustrygrew，so()didtheneedformoreandmoreskilledindustrialworkers.[A]much [B]asto [C]too[D]asfor 43.Therescueteamworkedhardtosearchforthemissingmountaineers, ()theheavyandicysnowstorm.[A]inspite [B]despite [C]although [D]disregard44.“BreakingBad”isthemostthrillingTVdramaseries()Ihavewatchedinseveralyears.[A]as [B]what [C]which [D]that45.Therevisedfeasibilityreporthandedinbythedraftteamisgoodenough,( )afewspellingerrorsonsomepages.[A]exceptfor [B]exceptthat [C]excepting [D]except46.Itismandatorythattheengineeringproject( )accomplishedbytheendofthisyear.[A]is [B]hasbeen[C]be [D]willbe47.( )theadvicefromthecouncilor,wewouldnothavefinishedthetasksosmoothly.[A]outof [B]whatwith [C]butfor [D]insteadof48. Thetrafficaccidenthasclaimed5lives,thecauseofwhichisstill()investigation.[A]under [B]beyond [C]for [D]beneath49. Eventhoughthebellfordismissingclasshasrung，theteacherisstilltalking()[A]over [B] forward [C]off [D] away50.Sincethenegotiationwiththemanagementhascometoadeadlock,theworker'suniondecidetotake( )thestreet.[A]to[B]over[C]down[D]awaywithIIICloze(10%;0.5markeach)Inthelastdecade,givingbirthathomehasbecomeanincreasinglypopularoptionforsomecouples.Assistedbyaphysicianoranurse-midwife，manywomenhavesuccessfullygivenbirthathom