高級英語上冊1-10課修辭11

RhetoricalandStylisticDevicesinAdvancedEnglish(BookI)

MajorrhetoricalorstylisticdevicesinAdvancedEnglish(BookI)canbesummarizedbelow:rhetoricalquestion,

simile,metaphor,personification,synecdoche,anticlimax,metonymy,repetition,exaggeration,euphemism,

antonomasia,parody,periodicsentence,irony,etc.Readeachofthemandseewhatrole(s)theyplayinlanguage

use.

Unit1

1.Youpassfromtheheatandglareofabig,opensquareintoacool,darkcavernwhichextendsasfarastheeye

cansee,losingitselfintheshadowydistance.—metaphor

2.Thedinofthestall-holderscryingtheirwares,ofdonkey-boysandportersclearingawayforthemselvesby

shoutingvigorously,andofwould-bepurchasersarguingandbargainingiscontinuousandmakesyoudizzy.—

parallelism

3.Bargainingistheorderoftheday,andveiledwomenmoveataleisurelypacefromshopto

shop,selecting,pricing,anddoingalittlepreliminarybargaingingbeforetheynarrowdowntheirchoiceandbegin

thereallyseriousbusinessofbeatingthepricedown.—metaphor

4.Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,asthe

burnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers.—metaphor&personification

5.Inthebackground,atinyapprenticeblowsabigcharcoalfirewithahugeleatherbellowsworkedbyastring

attachedtohisbigtoe—theredofthelivecoalsglowingbrightandthendimmingrhythmicallytothestrokesof

thebellows.—consonance

6.Littlemonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringand

leavingthebazaar.—metaphor

7.Thedye-market,thepottery-market,andthecarpenters’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreets

whichhoneycombthisbazaar.—metaphor

8.Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueora

caravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay,while…—personification

9.Itisavast,sombercavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothickwiththedustof

centuriesthatthemudbrickroofareonlydimlyvisible.—metaphor

Metaphor:

darkcavern,fairyland,maze,honeycomb,etc

formacloselyknitguild...

Simile:

avastsombrecavernofaroom

Onomatopoeia:

creak,squeak,rumble,grunt,sigh,groan,etc.

tinkling,banging,clashing

Personification:

TheMiddleEasterbazaartakesyou...

dancingflashes

Thebeamsinks…tautandprotesting

Hyperbole:

takesyou...hundredseventhousandsofyears

everyconceivable,innumerablelamps,incrediblyyoung,withthedustofcenturies

Onomatopoeia:

creak:

(tomake)thesoundofabadly-oileddoorwhenitopens

Whenyoumoveinawoodenbed,itcreaks.

Thehingeofthedoorneedsoiling,itcreakseverytimeitisopened.

squeak:

(tomake)ashortveryhighbutnotloudsound

thesqueakofamouse

rumble:

(tomake)adeepcontinuousrollingsound

Thethunder/thebiggunsrumbledinthedistance.

Iamhungry,mystomachisrumbling.

grunt:

(ofcertainanimals,tomake)shortdeeproughsoundsinthethroat,asifthenosewereclosed,suchasthedeep

shortsoundcharacteristicofahog,oramanmakingasimilarsoundexpressingdisagreement,boredom,

irritation

sigh:

(toletout)adeepbreathslowlyandwithasound,usu.expressingtiredness,sadness,orsatisfactionWeall

heavedasighofreliefwhentheworkwasdone.

groan:

(tomake)asoundcausedbythemovementofwoodormetalpartsheavilyloaded,(tomake)adeepsoundforced

outbypain,orexpressingdespair

Thepatientgroanedashewasliftedontothestretcher.

Theancientchairgaveagroanwhenthefatwomansatdownonit.

Theroofcreakedandgroanedundertheweightofthesnow.

Unit2

1.Hiroshima—the”Liveliest”CityinJapan.—irony

2.ThatmustbewhatthemanintheJapanesestationmaster’suniformshouted,asthefastesttrainintheworld

slippedtoastopinHiroshimaStation.—alliteration

3.Andsecondly.becauseIhadalumpinmythroatandalotofsadthoughtsonmymindthathadlittletodowith

anythinginNipponrailwaysofficialmightsay.—metaphor

4.WasInotatthesceneofcrime?—rhetoricalquestion

5.TheratherarrestingspectacleoflittleoldJapanadriftamidbeigeconcreteskyscrapersistheverysymbolof

theincessantstrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.—synecdoche,metonymy

6.Quiteunexpectedly,thestrangeemotionwhichhadoverwhelmedmeatthestationreturned,andIwasagain

crushedbythethoughtthatInowstoodonthesiteoftheslaininonesecond,wherethousandsuponthousands

uponthousandsofpeoplehadbeendieinslowagony.—parallelism

7.EachdaythatIescapedeath,eachdayofsufferingthathelpstofreemefromearthlycares,Imakeanewlittle

paperbird,andaddittotheothers.—euphemism

8.Therewerefreshbows,andthefacesgrewmoreandmoreseriouseachtimethenameHiroshimawasrepeated

.—synecdoche

9.“Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,a

townknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters”.—anticlimax

10.Butlatermyhairbegantofallout,andmybellyturnedtowater.Ifeltsick,andeversincethentheyhave

beentestingandtreatingme.—alliteration

Unit3

1.WewereanchoredinwhatusedtobethemostproductivefishingsiteinallofcentralAsia,butasIlookedout

overthebow,theprospectsofagoodcatchlookedbleak.—anti-climaxormeiosis

2.Alsocallednaturalgas,methaneisreleasedfromlandfills,fromcoalminesandricepaddies,frombillionsof

termitesthatswarmthroughthefreshlycutforest-land,fromtheburningofbiomassandfromavarietyofother

humanactivities.—parallelism

3.ThiswayIlookatthemandcongratulatemyselfonthegoodfortunethatmyillnesshasbroughtme.—irony

4.Acrebyacre,therainforestisbeingburnedtocreatefastpastureforfast-foodbeef—.alliteration

5.Accordingtoourguide,thebiologistTomLovejoy,therearemoredifferentspeciesofbirdsineachsquare

mileoftheAmazonthanexistinallofNorthAmerica-whichmeanswearesilentlythousandsofsongswehave

everheard.—metonymy.

6.Whatshouldwefeeltowardtheseghostsinthesky?—metaphor

7.Haveyoueverseenalameanimal,perhapsdogrunoverbysomecarelesspersonrichenoughtoownacar

,sidleuptosomeonewhoisignorantenoughtobekindofhim?—metaphor

Unit4

1.Andshestopsandtriestodigawellinthesandwithhertoe.—hyperbole

2.Ifeelmywholefacewarmingfromtheheatwavesitthrowsout.—hyperbole

3.AfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldmetojustcallhimHakim-a-barber.—metaphor

4.“Maggie’sbrainislikeanelephant’s”.Wangerosaid,laughing.—irony.

5.Youdidn’tevenhavetolookclosetoseewherehandspushingthedasherupanddowntomakebutterhadleft

akindofsinkinthewood.—metaphor

6.“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“canIhavetheseoldquilts?”—simile

7.Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.—simile

8.Shethinkshersisterhasheldlifealwaysinthepalmofonehand,that”no”isawordtheworldneverlearnedto

saytoher.—metaphor&persification

9.You’venodoubtseenthoseTVshowswherethechildwhohas“madeit“isconfronted,asasurprise,byher

owenmotherandfather,totteringinweaklyfrombackstage.—ellipticalsentenceorellipsis

10.Shehasbeenlikethis,chinonchest,eyesonground,feetinshuffle,eversincethefirethatburnedtheother

housetotheground.—parallelism

11.Shewasdeterminedtostaredownanydisasterinherefforts.—metaphor

12.“ThereIwasnot,Isaid,”before’Dicie’croppeduponourfamily,sowhyshouldItrytotraceitthatfarback?”

—pun

Unit5

1.Churchill,herevertedtothistheme,andIaskedwhetherforhim,thearchanti-communist,thiswasnot

bowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.—metaphor

2.IfHitlerinvadedHellandwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.—

hyperbole

3.Butallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.—metaphor

4.Iseealsothedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcrawling

locusts.—simile&alliteration

5.IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland,guardingthefieldswhichtheirfathers

havetilledfromtimeimmemorial.—Metaphor

6.IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,streetsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhippingtofindwhat

theybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.—Metaphor&personification

7.Wewillneverparley;wewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgang.Weshallfighthimbyland,we

shallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair.—Parallelism

8.IseeadvancinguponallthisinhideousonslaughttheNaziwarmachine,withitsclanking,heel-

clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,itscraftywxpertagentsfreshfromthecowingandtyingdownofadozen

countries.—metaphor&alliteration

9.Behindallthisglare,behindallthisstorm,Iseethatsmallgroupofvillainousmenwhopaln,organize,and

launchthiscataractofhorrorsuponmankind..—metaphor

10.Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGod’shelp.we

haveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditpeoplesfromisyoke.—metaphor¶llelism

11.ItisnotformetospeakoftheactionoftheUnitedStates,butthisIwillsay:ifHitlerimaginesthathisattack

onSovietRussiawillcausetheslightestdivergenceofaimsorslackeningofeffortinthegreatdemocracieswho

areresolveduponhisdoom,heiswoefullymistaken.—periodicsentence

Unit6

1.AsaresultthenervesofboththeDukeand“Duchesswereexcessivelyfrayedwhenthemutedbuzzerofthe

outerdooreventuallysounded.—metaphor

2.Inwhatconceivablewaydoesourcarconcernyou?—rhetoricalquestion

3.…andyoutookaladyfriend.Leastways,Iguessyou’dcallherthatifyou’renottoofussy.—euphemism

Unit7&8

1.JustastheindustrialRevolutiontookoveranimmenserangeoftasksfrommen’smusclesandenormously

expandedproductivity.—metonymy

2.Thebackdooropenstoletoutthedog.TheTVsetblinksonwiththeday’sfirstnewscast:aselective

rundowen…—-personification

3.Thelatter-dayAladdin,stillsnuglyabed,thenpressesabuttononabedsideboxandissuesastringofbusiness

andpersonalmemos.—antonomasia

4.Followingeyeball-to-eyeballconsultationswiththebutcherandthebakerandgroceronthetube,shehitsa

buttontocommandeersuppliesfortonight’sdinnerparty.—synecdoche

5.Themicroelectronicrevolutionpromisestoease,enhanceandsimplifylifeinwaysundreamedofevenbythe

utopians.—synecdoche

6.Inthemicroelectronicvillage,thehomewillagainbethecenterofsociety,asitwasbeforetheindustrial

Revolution.—metaphor

7.theDevice’subiquitouseye,sensingwherepeopleareatalltimes,willsimilarlythelightsonanoffasneeded.

—metaphor

8.Nexttohealth,heart,andhome,happinessformobileAmericansdependsupontheautomobile.—

alliteration.metonymy&repetition

9.Computertechnologymaymakethecar,asweknowit,aSmithsonianantique.—antonomasia

10.Forthemightyarmyofconsumers,theultimateapplicationsofthecomputerrevolutionarestillaroundthe

bendofasiliconcircuit.—parody

11.Thecomputerrevolutionisstimulatingintellects,liberatinglimbsandpropellingmankindtoahigherorderof

existence.—synecdoche

12.Hiscompetitorsenvisionedthegreaterpotentialforentertainmentandart,wherehesawinternalmemos,

someoneelsesawBeethoven—synecdoche

13.Willgovernmentregulatemessagessentoutonthisvastdatahighway?—Metaphor

14.PhilipsInteractive,forexample,hasdozensoftitles,amongthematouroftheSmithsonian,inwhichthe

viewerselectswhichcorridortoenterbyclickingonthescreen.—Antonomasia

15.Shesaysconsumerswouldbealittlelikeinformation“cowboys,”roundingupdatafromcomputerbased

archivesandinformationservices.—Simile

16.Topreventgettingtrampledbyastampedeofdata,viewerswillrelyonprogrammedelectronicselectorsthat

couldgooutintotheinfocorralandrapeinthesubjectstheviewerwants.—Metaphor

17.Maesandothersconcedethatthere’sadarksidetoallthesebrightdreams.—Metaphor

18.Andwherethereareagents,cancounteragentsbefarbehind:spieswhomightliketokeeptabsonthe

activitiesofyourelectronicbutlers?—Parody

19.Indeed,intelligentagentscouldbeagoldmineofinformation.—Metaphor

20.Wherehesawinternalmemos,someoneelsesawBeethoven.—metonymy

21.Soundsgreatintheory,buteventhetruestbelievershaveahardtimewhenitcomestonailingdownspecifics

abouthowitwillactuallywork.—ellipticalsentenceorellipsis

22.Topreventgettingtrampledbyastampedeofdata,viewer’swillrelyonprogrammedelectronicselectorsthat

couldgooutintotheinfocorralandropeinthesubjectstheviewerwants.—extendedmetaphor

Unit9

1.MostAmericansrememberMarkTwainasthefatherofHuckFinn’sidylliccruisethrougheternalboyhood

andTomSawyer’sendlesssummeroffreedomandadventure.—metaphor,hyperbole¶llelism

2.IfoundanotherTwainaswell—onewhogrewcynical,bitter,saddenedbytheprofoundpersonaltragedieslife

dealthim,amanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace,whowawclearlyaheadablackwall

ofnight.—metaphor

3.Thecastofcharacterssetbeforehiminhisnewprofessionwasrichandvaried—acosmos.—alliteration

metaphor

4.HewentwestbystagecoachandsuccumbedtotheepidemicofgoldandsilverfeverinNevada’sWashoe

region.—simile

5.Foreightmonthsheflirtedwiththecolossalwealthavailabletotheluckyandthepersistent,andwasrebuffed.

—extendedmetaphor

6.“Itwasasplendidpopulation—foralltheslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedslothsstayedathome..—alliteration

7.Thegraveworldsmilesasusual,andsays…—persification

8....onecouldsetatrapanywhereandcatchadozenablermeninanight”Csuallyhedebunkedreveredartists

andarttreasures,andtookunholyverbalshotsattheHolyLand.—antithesis&hyperbole

9.Tom’smischievousdaring,ingenuity,andthesweetinnocenceofhisaffectionforBeckyThatcherarealmostas

suretobestudiedinAmericanschoolstodayasistheDeclarationofIndependence.—ellipticalsentenceor

ellipsis

10.Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlauth.—persification

Unit10

1.TheTrialThatRockedtheWorld—hyperbole

2.Seatedincourt,readytotestifyonmybehalf,wereadozendistinguishedprofessorsandscientists,ledby

ProfessorKirtleyMatherofHarvardUniversity.—periodicsentence

3.“Don’tworry,son,we’llshowthemafewtricks,”Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmy

shoulderaswewerewaitingforthecourttoopen.—transferredepithet

4.Afterawhile,itisthesettingofmanagainstmanandcreedagainstcreeduntilwearemarchingbackwardsto

thegloriousageofthesixteenthcenturywhenbigotslightedfaggotstoburnthemenwhodaredtobringany

intelligenceandenlightenmentandCulturetothehumanmind.—irony

5.Oneshopannounced:DARWINISRIGHT—INSIDE.—pun

6.DudleyFieldMalonecalledmyconvictiona“victoriousdefeat.”—oxymoron

7.TheoratoricalstormthatClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneblewupinthelittlecoutinDaytonswept

likeafreshwindthroughtheschoolsandlegislativeofficesoftheUnitedStates,bringinginitswakeanew

climateofintellectualandacademicfreedomthathasgrowenwiththepassingyears.—extendedmetaphor

8.“Whydon’tyoutakeoneortwooftheothers?”Iasked.—rhetoricalquestion

Meta