Unit5+語法現(xiàn)在分詞的用法課件-【高效備課精研+知識精講提升】 高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

Grammarandusage--------ParticiplesOthertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.2.Whenpeoplethinkoffactories,theythinkofcloudsofdirtysmokeorofpipespouringchemicalwasteintorivers.3.Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiesandonlyworryingaboutmoney.4.WhatIamheretosayisthathavingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.5.Askingaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayalittlehigherpriceforthingsthatarefriendlytotheenvironment.分詞：Participles一分詞的概述1.分詞是“非謂語動詞”的另一種形式，它有兩種形式：現(xiàn)在分詞（PresentParticiple）和過去分詞（PastParticiple）。

2.現(xiàn)在分詞：doing

過去分詞：規(guī)則動詞V+ed

不規(guī)則動詞3.分詞在句中起形容詞和副詞的作用。在句中作表語、定語、狀語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。PresentParticiple二、現(xiàn)在分詞1.語態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表主動DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?2.時態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行Don’twakeupthesleepingboy.PresentParticiple3.現(xiàn)在分詞的形式一般式完成式主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonePresentParticiple4.現(xiàn)在分詞的功能

現(xiàn)在分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征，可充當(dāng)表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語。PresentParticiple

現(xiàn)在分詞作表語

現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，起形容詞作用，說明主語的特征及主語所具備的動作功能，回答how的問題，可以用very，quite，rather，greatly等副詞修飾。以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化。disappoint,move,surprise,inspire,excite,interest,amaze，frighten，encourage,fascinate等。PresentParticiple1.Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisveryinspiring．3.Thenewswasdisappointing．2.Whathesaidwasveryencouraging．4.Thestoryisthemostfascinating．inspiringencouragingdisappointingfascinatingPresentParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞與動名詞作表語時的比較1、動名詞作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容，回答what的問題。Whatpleaseshimmostisbathinginthesea.2、動名詞作表語，表語和主語幾乎處于同等地位，可以互換位置，其句意不變；現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，表語和主語則不能互換位置。

Ourworkisservingthepeople.Whathesaidisveryinteresting.3、作表語用的現(xiàn)在分詞除了和be連用以外，還可以和其它的系動詞連用；而作表語的動名詞則通常只能和be連用。

Hisspeechseemsverymoving.Hisinterestinwritingforthenewspapers.PresentParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞作定語

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，和它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，?？梢詳U(kuò)展成一個定語從句。它從以下兩個方面來說明中心詞。A.表示名詞正在進(jìn)行的動作。1.Don’twakeupthesleepingboy.=Don’twakeuptheboy_________________.whoissleeping2.Therearemanyfactoriesandindustrieswhichcontroltheamountofpollutiontheyproduce.=therearemanyfactoriesandindustries_________________________________________controllingtheamountofpollutiontheyproducePresentParticipleB.表狀態(tài)，它一般置于所修飾的名詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Whensheappeared,John,wearingadirtyovercoat,rantoherwithjoy.=Whensheappeared,John,whowaswearingadirtyovercoat,rantoherwithjoy.PresentParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞與動名詞作定語時的比較1、動名詞作定語時，表示它所修飾的名詞的性能和用途，和它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上沒有主謂關(guān)系；aswimminggirl＝agirlwhoisswimmingawalkingstick＝astickthatisusedforwalking

2、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語有時可以后置，而動名詞則通常只能放在它所修飾的名詞之前。

①.Thegirlwearingglassesisoneofhisstudents．

戴眼鏡的那個女孩是他的一個學(xué)生。

②.Iboughtsomereadingmaterials．我買了一些閱讀材料。

PresentParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，說明賓語是動作的執(zhí)行者。A.作感官動詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語listentohearseelookatwatchnoticefeelObserve++sb+doing表示動作正在進(jìn)行PresentParticipleAcookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound___inthekitching.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2.Themissingboywaslastseen_______nearthebankofthelake.A.playB.playedC.toplayD.playingPresentParticipleB.作使役動詞(have,get,keep,send,leave,catch…)等的賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示“使…進(jìn)行/處于(某種狀態(tài))”強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)性。Canyoukeeptheclockinggoing?Theyoftenhavethetractorsworkinginthefieldsduringthebusytime.3.Whattheteachersaidsentusthinking.4.Hecaughtthegirlcheatingintheexam.5.Leavehimstandingoutside.PresentParticiple現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示主動和進(jìn)行?？稍诰渲凶鲿r間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨或方式等狀語。A.作時間狀語，可以表示三個時間概念PresentParticipleHearingthebadnews,

theycouldn’thelpcrying.Assoonastheyheardthebadnews（1）動作和謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于

assoonasPresentParticiple(2)謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在分詞動作的過程中，表示在“做某事期間”相當(dāng)于when/whileWalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.WhenIwalkedinthestreetPresentParticiple(3)分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前，分詞要用完成形式。Havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironment…...AfterIhaveworkedPresentParticipleB.作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于because/as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。(1)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(2)Notknowingwhattodonext,hewenttohisteacherforadvice.(3)Havingseenthefilmmanytimes,hedidn’tgotoseeitlastnight.BecausehewasillAshedidn’tknowBecausehehadseenPresentParticipleC.作條件狀語，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Usingyourhead,you’llfindaway.D.作讓步狀語，相當(dāng)于although/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Althoughgettingupearly,hewaslateforschool.E.作伴隨（方式）狀語，表示和謂語的動作同時發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于并列連詞連接的兩個并列的動作。Theysatthereonthestone,talkingwitheachother.PresentParticipleF.作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然的結(jié)果。Othertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.Themotherdied,leavingfivechildrenbehind.不定式作狀語，表示意外或事與愿違的結(jié)果。Hehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthetrainhadjustleft.PresentParticipleG.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（現(xiàn)在分詞有自己的邏輯主語）Weatherpermitting,we’llgopicnicing.Motherbeingill,hestayedathometolookafterher.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.Thedaybeingfine,wedecidedtogoswimming.主句和從句的主語不相同。狀語從句。從句省略了連接此狀語從句的連詞。主語+vingIfweatherpermits,BecausehismotherwasillPresentParticiple1.Doyouwakeupeverymorning_________energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt2.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,__________itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade3.______aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.TobegatheringPresentParticiple4.Recentlyasurvey_____pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens. A.comparedB.comparingC.compares D.beingcompared5.Thenextthinghesawwassmoke______frombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risenAtlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand_____downtoeatourpicniclunch.A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.satDPricesofdailygoods_____onlinecanbelowerthanthatinarealstore.A.arebought B.bought C.havebeenboughtD.buyingB謂語動詞形式非謂語動詞形式dodoingdiddoingdoesdonetodo非謂語動詞主語賓語表語定語狀語補(bǔ)語不定式√√√√√√動名詞√√√√分詞√(a.)√√√不定式主語Tohaveagoodcommandofaforeignlanguageinvovlesagreatdealofpractice.賓語Idecidedtoworkhardforthecomingtest.表語Myjobistohelpyoutopasstheexam.定語Hiseffortstocarryouttheplanisrewarding.狀語Tolearnaforeignlanguage,youhavetomakeconstantefforts.補(bǔ)語YourmumpersuadedmetochoosethemojorofEnglishLiterature.分詞表語Thestoryisinteresting.Everyoneisexcitedatthenews.定語Allthosefallentreeswerecarrieddownthehill.Finallywefoundthepathleadingtothechurch.狀語Notknowingwhattodonext,theydecidedtoturnedtotheadvisor.Muchdiscouraged，shemovedontoLondon.

補(bǔ)語Ifoundsomeonestandinginmyroomatmidnight.Ifoundmywalletstolenintherailwaystation.分詞作定語apathleading(lead)tothegraveyardthechildrenplayingonthegroundthewindowsbrokenbythekidsthehousesdestroyedbythefloodsthesleepingboythebrokenwindowsthedelayedshipmentthenewlydesignedproductionlineSeen（see）fromthetopofthehill,thelakelookslikeahugemirror.Seeing（see）fromthetopofthehill,you’llfindthelakeissurroundedbythickwoods.Given（give）more

time,wewilldothejobmuchbetter.Allnightlonghelayawake,

thinking（think）oftheproblem.分詞作狀語過去分詞作后置定語的幾種情況完成式done進(jìn)行式beingdone經(jīng)來式tobedone完成式doneThequestiondiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofquiteimportance.進(jìn)行式beingdoneThequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingnowisofquiteimportance.將來式tobedoneThequestiontobediscussed(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisofquiteimportance.非謂語動詞主動形式被動形式一般式完成式一般式完成式不定式todotohavedonetobedonetohavebeendone現(xiàn)在分詞doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞表示被動關(guān)系或動作已完成動名詞主語Climbingmountainsisreallytiring.賓語Hedenieddoinganythingwrong.表語Seeingisbelieving.定語Iboughtanewsleepingbag.asleepingboy=aboywhoissleepingasleepingbag=abagforsleepingarunningdog=adogwhichisrunningrunningwater=waterthatisrunningawalkingstick=astickforwalkingdevelopingcountries=countriesthatare~ingafishingnet=anetforfishing動名詞作定語，分詞作定語的區(qū)別flyingfish

afallingtide

acryingboy

aswimmingpoolawaitingroomafishingpoleareadingroom動名詞作定語，分詞作定語的區(qū)別有些動詞后只能加動詞不定式manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,intend,expect,dare,choose,fail,refuse,decide,afford,attempt…有些動詞后只能加動名詞practise,appreciate,dislike,mind,enjoy,keep,resist,risk,suggest,finish,forbid,permit,admit,deny,permit,delay,quit,consider...有些動詞后既可加動詞不定式也可加動名詞，但意義不同goon/continue,stop,remember,regret,try,forgetIcan’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostopHegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglostCBbeusedtoIamusedtodrinkingaglassofwaterbeforegoingtobed.Themachineisusedtoproducecellphonedisplay.getusedtoIusedtodrink…need,want,requireThecarneedstoberepaired.Thecarneedsrepairing.

CMyadvisorencouraged_____asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotakeChildrenshouldbeallowed___theirowndecisions.A.makingB.tomakeC.makeD.havingmade

D①Iheardher______(sing)anEnglishsongformanytimes.②Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.③IheardtheEnglishsong______(sing)manytimes.(4)IheardtheEnglishsong____________(sing)whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.singsingingsungbeingsungPractise1).When_______(heat),waterwillbechangedintovapour.While_______(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)______(see)fromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)Generallyspeaking,when________(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.If________(take)thedrugaccordingtothedirections,youwillbebettersoon.

heatedheatingSeenSeeingtakentaking1)Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling2)________madehermotherveryangry.A.MarymarryingJimB.Mary’smarriedJimC.Mary’smarryingJimD.Mary’sbeingmarriedJimCC3).Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught4).Thenoiseof____couldbeheardoutinthestreet.A.desksopeningandclosingB.desksopenedandclosedC.desksbeingopenedandclosedD.desks’beingopenedandclosedCC—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_____hisadvice!

totake B.taking C.nottotake D.nottakingThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_______.tobeheard B.tohaveheard C.hearing D.beingheard______byagreaterdemandforvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.

Driven B.Beingdriven C.Todrive D.HavingdrivenAsthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not______,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.moved

B.moving C.tomove D.beingmoved“Things______nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.lost B.losing C.tolose D.havelostPleaseremain________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.toseat B.tobeseatedC.seating D.seatedAtthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.

A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosed

C.beingopenedandclosed D.toopenandclosePeterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A.said B.saysC.saying D.tosayAllflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.A.werecanceledB.hadbeencanceledC.havingcanceledD.havingbeencanceled_____foralongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.A.BeingnorainB.TherewasnorainC.TobenorainD.Therebeingnorain—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork_____mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.filled B.filling C.tofill D.beingfilledJohnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______hegladlyacceptedit.finished B.finishing C.havingfinished D.wasfinished11.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,_____foradegreeincomputerscience.studied B.studying C.tohavestudied D.tobestudying12.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_______fortheday.finishing B.finished C.hadfinished D.werefinished13.Ismellsomething_______inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?burning B.burntC.beingburnt D.tobeburnt14.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere_______foraspaceflight.training B.beingtrained C.tohavetrained D.tobetrained15.—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow________here.

A.peoplesmoking B.peoplesmoke C.tosmoke D.smoking16.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_______inhislectures.

A.interested

B.interesting C.interest D.tointerest17.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_______.

A.needrepairing B.needstorepair C.needsrepairing D.needtorepair18.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.

A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompleted C.completed

D.beingcompleted19.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,______inthenaturallightduringtheday.

A.tolet B.

letting C.let D.havinglet20.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice_______him.

A.calling

B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall1Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____. A.tobebreathed B.tobreathe C.breathing D.beingbreathed2Thedirectorhadherassistant___somehotdogsforthemeeting. A.pickedup B.picksup C.pickup D.pickingup3______thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.Seeing B.Tosee C.See D.Seen4Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But__it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook. A.tofind B.find C.tofinding D.finding5Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety. A.towelcome B.welcoming C.tobewelcomed D.welcomed6Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,and___betteronesofyourown. A.introduces B.tointroduce C.introducing D.introduced7Asanewdriver,Ihavetopractise_________thecarinmysmallgarageagainandagain A.parking B.topark C.parked D.park8Duetotheheavyrainandflooding,tenmillionpeoplehavebeenforced_____theirhomes A.leaving B.toleave C.tobeleft D.beingleft9Throughouthistory,thelanguage_____byapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization A.speaking B.spoken C.tospeak D.tobespoken10Ifwehaveillegalimmigrants________in,manylocalworkerswilllosetheirjobs A.came B.coming C.tocome D.havingcome11Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle____tobalanceit. A.havingtried B.trying C.totry D.tried12Ifthere’salotofwork______,Iamhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished. A.todo B.tobedoing C.done D.doing13Somethingassimpleas______somecoldwatermayclearyourmindorrelievepressure. A.todrink B.drinking C.tobedrinking D.drunk14Ideally_____forBroadwaytheatresandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkisafavouritewithmanyguests. A.locating B.beinglocated C.havingbeenlocatedD.located15_____theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory. A.Tothrow B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Beingthrown16toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinsteadA.Fail B.Failed C.Tofail D.Havingfailed17Hewasbusywritingastory,only______onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette. A.tostop B.stopping C.tohavestopped D.havingstopped18Pleaseremain______;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon. A.seating B.seated C.toseat D.tobeseated19Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade______intherestaurant. A.working B.work C.towork D.worked20—Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?—Yes.Theyareaccustomed______atmeals. A.totalk B.tonottalk C.totalking D.tonottalking21TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan. A.speak. B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak22Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone. A.topromote B.havingbeenpromoted C.havingpromoted D.tobepromoted23Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____. A.allowing B.toallow C.allowed D.allows24____inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk. B.Wal