中英淺談高速公路養(yǎng)護的一點體會

DiscussalittleexperiencecuredinhighwaylightlyXX土木工程XXX班學號：XXX淺談高速公路養(yǎng)護的一點體會鄭培居廣東惠州深高速公路惠州州有限公司[摘要]本文根據(jù)惠州深高速公路惠州州段養(yǎng)護工作的實際情況，介紹養(yǎng)護工作的特點、機構的組織形式、具體的技術措施和辦法，并就如何搞好高速公路的養(yǎng)護工作，以期達到科學化、規(guī)范化的管理，提出一點想法和建議。1、工程概況和工程養(yǎng)護1.1工程概況惠州深高速公路惠州州段全長32.191km，按平原微丘區(qū)標準，全部控制出入、全立交的原汽車一級專用公路進行設計、施工。路基寬度23m，行車道寬2×8.5m，路面采用水泥混凝土和瀝青混凝土兩種結構形式，其中水泥混凝土路面長23.441km，路面結構層為15＋15＋25cm；瀝青混凝土路面長8.75km，路面結構層為20＋20＋8＋4cm。中橋5座，小橋(通道小橋)50座，涵洞(通道)132座。沿線設有白云前、伯公坳、新圩三處互通式立交和鎮(zhèn)隆一處分離式立交。工程于1990年8月開工，1993年4月竣工驗收并開放交通。1.2工程養(yǎng)護特點(1)設計標準低，投資少，加大養(yǎng)護工作量。惠州深高速公路惠州州段工程從設計到施工，由于歷史上的原因，設計標準低，工程資金投入較少(每公里造價僅1187萬元)，加上工程建設期間為了控制總投資，很多配套工程沒有完善。如：路塹邊坡沒有防護設計，排水工程不夠完善；路基邊坡綠化標準低，公路兩側空地沒有綠化項目設計；路基、橋臺沉降嚴重；水泥混凝土路面、瀝青路面病害嚴重；硬路肩結構設計不合理及施工問題造成嚴重沉降，影響路容；橋梁伸縮縫采用橡膠板式不適應大交通量和重載車的行駛，以致?lián)p壞嚴重等等，這些都加大了養(yǎng)護工作。(2)駐地部隊過境營運車輛多。這些車特殊性大，特權思想嚴重，拉沙、石車輛超重、超載行駛，既污染高速公路路面，又嚴重損壞路面結構。而高速公路管理機構由于體制上的問題，無法制止這種情況，既增加了收費管理的難度，同時也加大了高速公路的養(yǎng)護工作量。2、養(yǎng)護機構和組織形式根據(jù)有關資料表明，目前我國高速公路養(yǎng)護機構組織形式有三種：一是自主經(jīng)營方式，二是屬地管理方式，三是承包經(jīng)營方式?；葜莞咚俟坊葜荻蔚酿B(yǎng)護工作由公司養(yǎng)護部負責實施。養(yǎng)護機構的組織形式是自主經(jīng)營與承包方式相結合，以合同承包方式為主，自主經(jīng)營方式為輔的經(jīng)營辦法。一方面，將路面保潔、綠化工程的日常養(yǎng)護工作由公司自聘工人負責；對于其它的日常小修保養(yǎng)工程，如路基加固、邊溝清疏，路面維修保養(yǎng)、路面清障，安全防護設施損壞恢復等工作，交由相對固定的專業(yè)公司負責養(yǎng)護。另方面，對于專項工程和大修工程，則向社會公開招標，將工程交由具備資質(zhì)的專業(yè)公司去做。這種做法的優(yōu)點在于：(1)減少管理公司人員、機械設備的費用開支。管理公司只需配備少而精的專業(yè)人員進行技術行政上的管理，對承包單位的養(yǎng)護工作進行監(jiān)督、檢查，以及其它業(yè)務上的指導；同時，做好養(yǎng)護工作的宏觀計劃，有利于養(yǎng)護工作的科學化。(2)符合從計劃經(jīng)濟向市場經(jīng)濟轉型的大趨勢，能充分調(diào)動專業(yè)承包公司的生產(chǎn)積極性，提高工作效率；減輕管理公司的一些事務性工作，便于把注意力用在高速公路的其它運營管理工作上。(3)按專業(yè)類別分別由各專業(yè)公司負責工程的養(yǎng)護，能確保各養(yǎng)護項目能按相關技術規(guī)范進行施工，保證了工程質(zhì)量?？?六、養(yǎng)護中耀常見病害促的處計理蝶糟音冰3.柴1消水泥混凝殃土路廈面普晨水泥蘇混凝土路尚面常見的端病害有路樂面沉降，懸斷性板版(珠包括角隅翁斷暫裂倡)刻，縱向、恐橫向裂縫某，局部破歷碎成小坑而槽等。沉拆降的原因恨主要是路湯基的問題冠，而斷板傘除了路基隱因素外，錄路面基層五與底基層粥的強度、尸平整度是促否符合設收計、施工沈規(guī)范的要亦求也是重誤要原因。譽施工中包疲括養(yǎng)護時針間、溫度雜、濕度的乎控制也是礎路面裂縫逝的原因之蒙一扒。注膽水泥液混凝土路感面養(yǎng)護中岡，水泥混氏凝土的性逐質(zhì)及高速揚公路要求延占用路面府時間是決燥定養(yǎng)護工挖藝的兩大代要素。養(yǎng)套護中一般芝采用特殊殃的材料來總縮短混凝去土的養(yǎng)生們時間，悼如納J叼K腔－盤2屋4敢外摻劑能判保證養(yǎng)護連時間預在盤48擊h棟以內(nèi)；而帳改性瀝青拍混凝土對置小坑槽的酬修補，防奧止病害短維期不發(fā)展禍有用。按鹽規(guī)范的常鎖用做法這繭里不加贅沉述逢(當下暗同革)較。宜盆3.沈2虹瀝青混凝裙土路貪面洗牛瀝青年混凝土路足面常見的揭病害是坑飼槽、車轍腦、沉降、斬網(wǎng)裂、局栽部泛油等洲。坑槽產(chǎn)壁生的原因踢主要是施速工時原材載料及混合托料不均勻底或存在雜棄質(zhì)，外部槽化學物質(zhì)項如機油灑王漏、車輛落翻倒漏出租的汽油等障。修補時鍛一般采用陡乳化瀝青規(guī)、熱瀝青籃混凝土，掀近期推出偏的改性瀝更青混凝土料對雨天養(yǎng)眉護保證暢絞通效果很調(diào)好。養(yǎng)護殘中應強調(diào)銷的是坑槽桿修補時，沃邊線應切族齊并與主腎車道方向楊成平行和控垂直，做雖好的坑槽認應比原路塵面高紅出鋒1詳～拉2c萍m縱為宜沖。不慧造成車轍蓄、沉降的速原因有路曬基及路面泡基層兩方誕面。這里嫌應分為兩槍種情況恰：孕(1尚)擔是路面車盯轍、沉降壁，但路面雖層完好不襯網(wǎng)裂，這政種情況養(yǎng)輔護上一般腫用表處調(diào)堪平、罩面陸方法句。場(2咽)孟是車轍、巡沉降的同建時，路面躺面層出現(xiàn)北網(wǎng)裂，這件種情況養(yǎng)晃護上較為霧復雜。應煮分析網(wǎng)裂陳是基層的祝原因還是檔瀝青面層六的原例因袍(司一般由路栽面強度系錢數(shù)甲SS煎I推確溫定與)逼。如果是摘因為基層批、底基層障的整體性碰或強度引帆起的路面折網(wǎng)裂，應消同時處理牲路面結構拴層，如果資是因地表薪水的原因軋，則應翻炮開路面做昨降低地表縮水的方案倡。夕淡3.余3這硬路指肩斬咱硬路轉肩最大的湖問題是由須路基引起綱的沉降，桂按現(xiàn)行公士路設計規(guī)凱范，硬路解肩的路面廢結構形式揚與主車道辜是不同的斑。如惠州覆鹽高速水弟泥混凝土舍路面，主屠車道路面醉結構層厚課度拴為檢55c漢m少，而硬路姨肩奔為豈25c璃m擋，路肩基值層施工中剃又不與主這車道的同梢時攤鋪，經(jīng)而施工單討位小型路拐肩壓實設暴備缺乏，則這樣造成徹了后期養(yǎng)解護中硬路饞肩嚴重沉遇降，都必士須挖掉重認做。而深率汕東、西倍兩段，后賤者將硬路將肩結構及茫施工與主幻車道同時耕考慮，整汁體質(zhì)量較衰好，而前饅者仍按傳膝統(tǒng)辦法，斜存在的隱幅患多?？申懴驳氖切麓鹘ǜ咚俟迓芬岩庾R歡到這個問泡題，但規(guī)跑范仍未進圖行修改蕉。列捆3.具4兩通道及涵剃洞倚甚通道扇及涵洞的經(jīng)養(yǎng)護主要并是清疏工緊作。日常細工作中必摔須隨時注舊意因公路臭兩側地形掠、地貌的假改變而影愉響其使用竄功能。如坡惠州段過城水蓋板涵財，因新圩脊鎮(zhèn)在高速錦公路兩側振盲目開發(fā)涂，造成原刺河道改線擇，談199插5胞年漏7伍月洪水集賢中于該涵妨洞口形成飄旋渦將基瞇礎淘空，正幸發(fā)現(xiàn)及貞時并做了敗相應的加穿固處理候。趟引3.賽5菠橋梁、通孔道鋪裝疼層育梳橋梁守、通道鋪獅裝層出現(xiàn)尸的病害主蜜要是網(wǎng)裂嗓、破碎。大究其原因析，除了因垃橋梁主體事結構上原腳因外，主垮要是現(xiàn)行蒼鋪裝層設取計厚度小習，如奇為忌8c差m貢厚，而鋼次筋網(wǎng)菠用旗Φ是6被、跳Φ系8先。養(yǎng)護中驗一般用鋼雙纖維混凝耀土加強效季果會好些弦。煩裕3.省6粱橋梁伸縮紫縫盡外橋梁吳伸縮縫使川用壽命首裙先應決定鈴于采用的色伸縮縫型輕式及材料那，而施工直質(zhì)量的好辣壞也很重創(chuàng)要。經(jīng)過政多年的實約踐證明，桂橡膠伸縮販縫已不能叼適應高速餅公路大交晶通量高速驗行車的需打要拳(199庭7較年北7走月份召開箱的廣東省炒高速公路陜橋梁伸縮蒙縫及支座夕技術研討授會上已做欄了結方論紐)朋。目前改保造的中、來小橋伸縮閑縫一般偉用獻BE林J島式居多。陪與伸縮縫彩相接的主劇車道路面尤或橋面鋪副裝建議用遠鋼纖維混普凝土加強乘，而且要陪求與伸縮梨縫齊平，板避免汽車跨通過時的極縱向沖撞賤使其超載粒。日常養(yǎng)困護時主要耳是做好清替掃保潔工午作，確保喘梁體能自戰(zhàn)由伸縮山。寬懼3.容7匹波形護欄跪及防眩設釋施愿闖波形鄰護欄、防翁眩設施均遷為安全設再施，養(yǎng)護較中主要是篩更換、保盜潔銷?？毁€撿愛(1點)惹從養(yǎng)護中稿發(fā)現(xiàn)，工林程建設期摸間，當波塔形護欄與喘通信、監(jiān)助控管道同彩時位于公詳路兩側或虜中央綠化扔帶時，應侍特別做好賢兩個項目芹的銜接工墨作，避免袍安裝波形繼護欄柱時懼將已埋設沉的管道擊敵破，影響必管線的安鑄裝和防鼠百，這個問舌題在惠州趨鹽線曾出呼現(xiàn)過。街(暮2殊)舍防眩設施五主要是為粱了降低會康車時眩光董對駕駛員前的影響，擋對行車安爸全起到很耽大的作用挑。但防眩只設施的設繳計和選型療必須嚴格索按規(guī)范進撫行，否則稀將造成浪良費。下表記是作者本鼓人在已發(fā)軋表的論文困中對省內(nèi)蹦幾條高速階公班路慶信已安裝的撐幾種防眩銀設施的技戴術評價，疲僅供參考太。雜穴4求、體續(xù)會饑木總結月幾年來的燈一些做法嘆，除了在階日常工作哀安排上應嗚嚴格按照零養(yǎng)護規(guī)范鈔的要求組走織維修外互，仍應加聚強以下幾芒個方面的吳管理批。社妖齊夸(1草)躬高速公路栗的養(yǎng)護管毒理，必須丑嚴格按照裳養(yǎng)護規(guī)范讀的要求進跑行養(yǎng)護管險理。無論羨是小修保潤養(yǎng)，還是捕專項工程兇和大修工寫程，都要行按照既定翻的程序，繁做好工程鉆項目的方染案設計、奉原材料的團質(zhì)量試驗凍，加強施奔工過程的堆檢查和質(zhì)壁量監(jiān)督，哈并對工程范的驗收必盟須按相關芽規(guī)范的要危求進行，役確保養(yǎng)護熔工程能符日合高速公件路的設計浴標準，維敵持高速公雜路的運營案標準和服擋務水平。征(2托)承做好高速云公路的施甜工安全管夫理，確保慎過境車輛慶和施工人泳員的安全維。高速公志路養(yǎng)護管細理的目的膀，就是保緒持高速公淋路處于良默好的運營釋狀態(tài)，確遲保高速公家路快速、飄舒適、安然全、暢通湯。因此，足施工現(xiàn)場淡的安全管蘆理必須放而在重要的及位置上來然抓。一方偏面要對上叢路施工人襖員進行安承全知識的沸培訓。二遠是要配備妹完備的施倡工安全標幫志設施，辛如標志牌耍、標志車召、反光錐誘，反光衣指等，并按劉規(guī)范要求娘進行交通滑控制和渠拜化管理。康三是加強毛施工現(xiàn)場毯材料堆放搏管理，及渣時清走施谷工廢料，肺同時做好舌施工車輛臥的安全管銷理剪。蒸莖(3匠)肌高速公路其是全部控癢制分義、嬸全立交，裙行車速度只快，養(yǎng)護耽管理與其聾它等級公進路有本質(zhì)夢上的差別短，必須在地確保工程者養(yǎng)護質(zhì)量紀的前提下詳，盡量縮贏短占用公蜻路的時間竊，縮短工掀期。因此椅，要不斷媽研究，積凝極推廣和療采用新材袍料、新工跪藝。如近要幾年采用柱的自J蕩K頓—俱2翼4姓混凝土快禾速修補劑作、改性瀝鴨青混合料太、乳化瀝避青等，都厭有效地縮率短了工期得，提高了稿工作效率淹。西對帆梅(4爽)我高速公路歷橋面鋪裝離、通道面演層、橋梁拴伸縮縫、裕橋頭搭板句，水泥混置凝土與明瀝青混凝效土路面交睛接處路面該，水泥混稱凝土路面鞠沉降、斷佛裂，瀝青革混凝土路巧面網(wǎng)裂、鋒坑槽、沉蕉降、車轍膏、擁包、矛泛油等病借害，是高僑速公路養(yǎng)校護過程中窯常要處理脹的技術問鍬題，在工問作中必須阿不斷總結塔經(jīng)驗，提憶高養(yǎng)護水次平。如采毛用鋼纖維允混凝土、逗加筋混凝憶土滴、頸BE斑J肆型伸縮縫圈解決橋面曠鋪裝和改德造橡膠板珠式伸縮縫退是被實踐栽證明為成驅功的舉措壘。話弊5餓、想法和兩建車議乖靠目前雪我省各路窗段高速公業(yè)路的養(yǎng)護崗管理，基澇本上還是回“曠一路一公鋼司寨”抹，惕“勺誰投資、革誰養(yǎng)護、縫誰受峰益菠”些這么一種歷格局。除話了省高速救公路公司萄獨資經(jīng)營蛛的各路段辰高速公路襯由巖“壟能達公撒司筒”翠負責養(yǎng)護號之外，其另它路段均弦由各經(jīng)營泡公司負責學。但從全雞省高速公傾路的行業(yè)擠管理上看恩，高速公雄路的養(yǎng)護缸管理還是營必須實踢行滾“敬一體樸化頃”安的管理僵。答翼蝴件(1向)唯全省高速禮公路的養(yǎng)最護管理，捕省高速公藥路公司應貞組織強有提力的管理陶機構負責盲協(xié)調(diào)和管膛理，扭轉刻重建輕管廣的局面。宿在養(yǎng)護規(guī)吼范、養(yǎng)護騎規(guī)章制度節(jié)、考核制耀度，新材身料、新產(chǎn)立品、新技宮術的推廣崖和運用，鞠新技術的謠培訓和革女新方面，于應起到牽膨頭和組織陡作用回。賊獎(2樂)袖省公司要縱牽頭組織胳學習，推犁廣橋梁、抽路面養(yǎng)護杜計算機管際理系統(tǒng)，翻提高高速餓公路養(yǎng)護偵科學化決呼策水平。胖目前高速沿公路的路手面、橋梁帶養(yǎng)護決策矮手段落后私，完全采何用目測或角簡易的方光法進行表金面檢查，襖不能全面迎適時地收章集路面、護橋梁的有細關數(shù)據(jù)，聞不能有效瀉地進行數(shù)命據(jù)的存儲豪處理，以繪確定合理庸的養(yǎng)護對趙策。因此末，應盡快侮引入科學育的管理體貴系，建立葉現(xiàn)代化的串信息系統(tǒng)扭，建立全愉省高速公期路的路面長、橋梁管扎理系統(tǒng)，圓并配備必腰要的路面唉、橋梁技笨術數(shù)據(jù)采蜓集檢測儀遣器筑。族腹(3苦)這全國每年鉆一次的高曬速公路管劃理工作研徐討會，對怎于總結、竄交流各省豆高速公路強管理經(jīng)驗以起到了積脹極的作用貨，為了提號高我省高子速公路養(yǎng)爹護管理水弟平，必須置加強各路德段高速公討路養(yǎng)護部勝門的技術出交流與合宋作。是否寫可以組織肥相應君的江“僑高速公路遮管理協(xié)潤會咸”聰，每年舉殊辦一次年臘會，這有糠利于技術槽人員的技梅術總結和變交流，提科高我省高悼速公路管零理的理論誰水平，更旬好地搞好農(nóng)高速公路兔的建設和便養(yǎng)護管理錯工作沖。禿挎6紀、參考文呢獻水辣扔必1透、孔祥金棕曹春祥維如何做延好高速公予路的養(yǎng)護溪工作全悶國第七次訓高速公路框管理研討糠會論錫文桂葵久侮2殖、閻萍伏試論如何駱加強高速辭公路養(yǎng)護他管理全詢國第七次筆高速公路躲管理研討壽會論按文嫁象描名3縮、鄭培居聯(lián)改造高庫速公路橋掌梁伸縮縫他的一點體匠會全國反第四次高屢速公路管陷理研討會哭論古文借看鄉(xiāng)翅4眨、鄭培居普淺淡防括眩設施的居設計《歐公路恨》矩1998美.12.愉萍5穿、王曉霞應譯《混腥凝土路面棉施工指南擔》英國科刷學工業(yè)研姑究局道路嚼研究所編船Disc喬uss波ali圍ttle剝exp奴erie僚nce海cure答din遺exp元ress位way賽ligh問tly鎮(zhèn)Zhen君gpei戀ju稻Hui季shen讀hig成hway姥lim猴ited只com臣pany連in旨Guan典gdon朗g想[潔summ卷ary]跳The良tex杜tac夜cord序ing拆toH厘uis濃hen劍high欣way雄Huiz瞎hou太part雀sin字an敗actu警alc腫ircu菜mtan忘cef圣orp瞧rote傘ctin訊gwo爸rk,蕉intr蓋oduc脊tth偏ech鋪arac屆teri張stic還of端prot逃ects相ing簽work乏,the裂org脖aniz啊edf框orm趨ofm融echa蠻nism后and漏the獲con稻cret識ete星chni勻que血meas揭ure槍oft采hec惕hara母cter挺isti術cs,欠byt撲hew扛ay,條comb齒inin借gho扣wto毅mak間eth歲ehi宴ghwa點ypr型otec塘ting文wor茫k,a和ttai裳ning芽wit猴hth豐esc殖ient睜ific窗,st且anda握rdiz酸ema呼nage濱ment雄,pu鉆tfo祝rwar哀dso芬mev株iewp浸oint貝and死新advi火ces翼.疊1黑.Th坐een姿gine方erin炒gge貝nera拍lsi輕tuat辜ion幅and袋the椅curi糠ngo窩fth抵e逝engi誼neer愛ing司1.路1路the蹈gene冤ral房situ各atio并n靈of父engi狠neer間ing歷the伯Huiz件hou發(fā)part忙s匹of轟the里Hui負she菠nhi腳ghwa奧yar帥efo徒r32五.191屆km市l(wèi)ong繁,孤acco待rdin同gto雜the郊sta疫ndar哥dof爐in禍plai殃nan達dhi捎lls婆area胸,證comp猛lete篩con掛trol珠sdi櫻scre酷panc闖y,既comp輔lete殘gra閉des今epar乏atio微npri泉miti伸ve蓬clas珍s撫one敗app論ropr銹iati裕onh爽ighw欲ayp正roce寫eds找for煎the撕des離ign,跨con裁stru碑ctio毅n.Ro揚adbe弟dwi間dth恒23m奸,雄the梳dri題vewa之y句wid圍th涂2獨×遵8.5幟m,電the技pave躬ment單ado任pts票cem漏ent船conc緞rete缸and幼融pitc圍hcon浪cret咽e庫two牢kin輔dso閘fco臨nstr息ucti譜ons烤form溫,am越ong虜them敘cem棋ent隸conc哲rete怒roa聲d23汗.441塵km晌long吉,ro舌adc末onst盞ruct牧ion較laye纏ris卻15+汗15+2瓦5cm盈;氏pitc要hcon喇cret庭e御roa違dlo鹿ng8丟.75劍km,堆road英con葛stru輕ctio象nla巧yer派is2逢0+20滅+8+4娘cm.剛ther爛ear啟e5臺insi畝deb喊ridg奶e撇s奪,50徒smal權l(xiāng)br艙idge辯s敵(李sma甲llb捏ridg規(guī)ein斗pas燭sage蘇),13佩2笛culv玻erts做(盲pas飄sage冰).虹A待long均the手lin瑞e后,th羞ere雅are過thre互eal召lcro捐ssg覽allo挎pbr出idge督sin翠Baiy鬧unqi餡an獵,旅Bogo巡ngao載and窯Xin誼yu,a穩(wěn)ndo竄nes晶eper拍ated弦嗎gall狐opb佳ridg框ein肯Zhen男l(wèi)ong科.左The支proj嶄ect棗sta遣rts沃in貞Aug本ust1悉990,逝fin丙ishe雜d午and蒸beg碑a(chǎn)nt裂ous拘e婚in善Apri慘l19銀93.送1.2柿the炭char液acte敞rist船ics賴ofc厚urin康gpr煌ojec占t達(1咐)th眨elo赤wst欲anda動rd解of郊desi火gn,灘low映cost涉,en字larg治e師the編鮮wor隨kloa父dth姥epr啟otec棉ts.吧Be售caus犯eof陜his邪tori宮cal我reas詢on懂theH鍛uizh高oush尊en革high鍵way慣in遲Hui碌zhou禮sta蕉te簽,the翠pro妄cess交ing姨fro領mde買sign獨呆to事cons駛truc莊tion休,,趕the檢stan效dard夕啦of弓desi飄gn隸is價low駁,en網(wǎng)gine塑erin棟gfu翻nds塘devo意tion肉les慈s(th郵epr秤ice潑ofp且roje返ct腥onl湊y賠cost政白11,8僻70,0定00d獵olla托rs番per他kil脾omet努er),葛add譽itio階nal圣to偶cont岸rol德the違tot厲alof嘉inv典estm會ent評in星the宵per術iod姥of露cons吩truc變tion土,l誠ot暮s塞of再the劇acco棵rdin耳g瘋eng報inee銳ring箏has任no則perf季ect.等Such潛as:喂The敵rei窄s哄no含prot純ecti兼ond略esig埋n綢in滲both突sid聽es頃,dr臟aini疊ngt擦hee柏ngin吸eeri第ngn行ote榨noug茂hpe專rfec毒t;Th虹e金affo壘rest撲sta蓋ndar丑d志of買road拖bed滾side胳is伍low,往咸ther班eis逢no術affo公rest才des銹ign統(tǒng)for嚷two錢sid知eva錦cant滔lan運ds;R殊oadb子ed,沉brid常ges盯etd御ecli肆nes豬erio歇usly應;The敬cem候ent搭conc怒rete它roa郵d,瞞pitc嚼h暫roa籌ddi誰seas獸eha麻rms藥erio候us捉ly;謠The沉hard形sho禿ulde愧rco強nstr咐ucti腔ond敬esig納nis匪not搖rea愛sona增ble身and機cons驅truc圖tion送the誰pro撿blem酒res摸ult馳int想osi馳nkt象ode作clin日ese例riou攔sly,塘aff絨ecti霧ngt堤her圣oad藍perm闖it;T瓶heb附ridg沒est棗retc形han囑dsh茫rink堡sew歡sto庭ado蟲ptt堂her孕ubbe巴rpl紡ank次type趙not秧wel沫lsh撲ould持哪affe豈ct烘big行traf瞧fic谷volu王me陶and尊the鴉dri注ve曾oft屆he弦heav愧ies,嫂飛as近the兵res猶ult張that勒dam嗓age縫seri好ous咐etc.烈,th遣ese村all襲enla兩rge姜the萌prot賊ect節(jié)work光.好(醋2)T痕here渡are兼man鉗yop饅erat剩ings食veh樂icle皇in莫tran助sit多ofa拜rmy孩ofg飽uard捷sta等tion究.Th撒ese唉cars伯of堵part趟icul街arit餅yis疊hea塔vy,催the列spe翠cial烈pri盟vile束ge'父ment巨alit燈yis托ser窮ious旦,dr丑aws蹤the聰sand溝,st致one壽vehi史cle穩(wěn)over記weig雪ht,看over僻load鉗to氏go,幫Pol籍lute替on王the揭high濾way久road雷sur面face介,d雁amag壯eth薦ero體ads寶urfa宴ces叢truc危ture散ser源ious蹲ly.片體But墊beca毅use配oft怪heq酷uest漿ion虜o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odwithformofficegenerally.(2)Carrut,whilesubsiding,roadsurfaceappearnetworkcrackbyeach,thesituationcureandpaycomparativelycomplicated.Shouldanalysethereasonoflayer(generallydeterminedbyintensityofroadsurfacecoefficientSSI)thereasonorpitchnetworkcrackisthebasicunit.Ifroadsurfacenetwork,Shoulddealwithroadsurfacestructurelayeratthesametime,ifshouldopentheroadsurfaceandmaketheschemewhichreducesthesurfacewaterbecauseofsurfacewater.3.3hardshouldersMostheavyproblemtohardshouldersbywhatroadbedcause,isaccordingtothecurrenthighwaydesignspecification,Theroadsurfacestructureformonthehardwayshoulderandmainlanearedifferent.SuchasthesalthighspeedcementconcreteroadsurfaceofHuizhou,astoryofthicknessofstructureofroadsurfaceofmainlaneis55cm,andthehardwayshoulderis25cm,Andwithpavingwhilethemainlanes,andunitinchargeofconstructionsmall-scaleandscarceequipmentdebulkshoulderwayshoulderbasicunitway,Causeincuringhardwaysubsideseriouslyanddigupandmakeagainbyshoulderlaterstagelikethis.DarkShantheeast,twoofthewests,hardwayconstructandconsiderbesideswiththemainlanebyshoulderstructurethelatter,Wholequalityisbetter,andtheformerisstillaccordingtothetraditionalmethod,therearemanyhiddendangersexisting.Thegratifyingoneistorealizethisquestioninthenewly-builthighway,butthestandardisnotrevisedyet.3.4PasswayandculvertPasswayandculvertitcurestobemainlycleartodredgeworking.Becausetheirfunctionsofuseofinfluenceofchangeoftopographyofbothsidesofthehighway,groundformthatmustbepaidattentiontoatanytimeintheroutine.ForexampleHuizhoupasswatercontainbyapron,becausexin'yutowninbothsidesofthehighwaydevelopblindly,Causingtheoriginalrivertochangetheline,thefloodconcentratedonthisculvertofmouthsandformedtheswirlandwashedthefoundationfrelyinJulyof1995,Havefoundintimeanddonecorrespondingreinforcementtodealwithingoodfortune.3.5Thebridge,passwayarepavedandputstoryThebridge,passwayarespreadandputsastoryofdiseaseofappearancetobenetworkcrack,brokenmainly.Ittracesittoitscausebesidesbecauseoutsidethereasoninagentstructureinbridge,mainlycurrenttospreadandinstallonedesignlittlethickness,If8cmarethick,andthereinforcingbarnetworkusesΦ6、Φ8.Strengthenresultcanhavebeenbetterwithsteelfibreconcretegenerallyincuring.3.6TheexpansionjointofbridgeExpansionjointofbridgeservicelifeshouldbedeterminedintheexpansionjointpatternandmaterialthatareadoptedatfirst,Thequalityofqualityisveryimportanttootoconstruct.Proverubbermeethighwayheavyneedwhovolumeoftrafficdriveavehicleatahighspeedsalreadybyexpansionjointthroughpracticesformanyyears(highwayofGuangdongProvincebridgeexpansionjointandpropupseatalreadycookedtheconclusionbytechnologicalseminarthatholdwillitbeJuly1997).Intheonesthattransformatpresent,thesmallbridgeexpansionjointgenerallyusesBEJtypetobeinthemajority.Atmainlaneroadsurfaceswhoexpansionjointmeetorbridgefloorspreadandinstallandproposeandstrengthenwithfibreconcreteofsteel,Itrequirethegettingflattertogether,itpreventbyautomobilefromthroughwhenverticaltooffendandmaketheirunabletooverload.Dailytofinishandcleanworkofkeepingapublicplacecleanmainlywhencuring,guaranteefreeandflexiblephysicalstaminaroofbeam.3.7Thewaveformguardrailanddykedizzy'sfacilityWaveformguardrail,defenddizzyatsafetydevices,change,keepcleanmainlyincuringbyfacility.(1)Findfromcuring,duringengineeringconstruction,inthewaveformguardrailandcommunication,controlthepipelinewhilelyinginbothsidesofthehighwayorthecentralgreenbeltatthesametime,Shouldespeciallydoagoodjobofthelinkingupoftwoprojects,willalreadyhaveburiedthepipelinesetuptobreakupwhileavoidinginstallingtheguardrailpostofwaveform,Influencingtheinstallationofthepipelineandpreventmice,thisquestionhasappearedinHuizhousection.(2)Defendfacilitymainlyforcanningreducetraindizzymereimpactondriverdizzy,Thesecurityplaysaverybigroletodrivingavehicle.Defendandpersonwhoselectgoonthedesignsoffacilityaccordingtostandardstrictlyandleadtothefactandwastedizzy.ThelowerformistheauthoroneselftoseveralhighwaysinsidetheprovinceinthethesisthathasalreadypublishedThetechnologyassessmentofdizzy'sfacilityofseveralkindsofdykethathasalreadybeeninstalled,onlyforreference4.ExperienceSomemethodstosummarizeoverthepastseveralyears,besidesshouldingmaintainoutsideaccordingtocuringthenormalrequestorganizationstrictlyinthedailyjobplacement,Muststrengthenseveralfollowingmanagementofrespects.(1)Tocuremanagementismusthavebeenstrictlyaccordingtocuringthenormalrequestcuresmanaginghighway.Itmaintainsregardlessoflightmaintenanceorspecialprojectsoverhaulproject,takeaccordingtothesetprocedure,Doagoodjoboftheconceptualdesignoftheproject,qualityoftherawmaterialstotest,strengthenandconstructcheckingandqualitycontrolofthecourse,Andtheconfirmationtotheprojectmustgoonaccordingtotherelevantandnormalrequest,guaranteethattheprojectofcuringcanaccordwiththedesignstandardsofthehighway,Theoperationstandardtokeephighwayandservicelevel.（2）Manageconstructionsecurityofthehighwaywell,ensurethesafetyofvehicleandconstructorsintransit.Thehighwaycuresthepurposeofmanagement,butkeepthehighwayinningthegoodoperationstate,Guaranteethatthehighwayisfast,comfortable,safe,unblocked.So,thesafetymanagementoftheconstructionsitemustbeputontheimportantpositionstressing.Wanttheconstructorstosettingoutonajourneytocarryonthetrainingofsafeknowledgeononehand.Wantandallocatecompleteconstructionsafesignfacilitiesisatcardofmarking,markcar,reflectlighttheawl,Reflectlightclothingwait,andnotaccordingtostandardizingrequestcarryontrafficcontrolandmanagewiththecanalization.Strengthenconstructionsitepileupmanagementisintimecleartowalkandconstructthewastematerialbymaterial,Doagoodjobofconstructingthesafetymanagementofthevehicleatthesametime.(3)Highwayistocontroljusticeofdividing,standandpaycompletelyallquickdrivingspeed,cureandmanagewithothergradethereisdifferenceinessencebyhighway,Baseonthepremisethatguaranteethatcuresqualityinproject,tryone'sbesttoshortenthetimetotakeupthehighway,Shortentimelimitforaproject.So,shouldstudyconstantlyandpopularizeandadoptthenewmaterial,newtechnologyactively.JK-24concretethatforinstanceadoptsinrecentyearsmendsthepharmaceutical,modifyfastpitchmixesthematerial,emulsificationpitch,etc.,Haveshortennedtimelimitforaprojecteffectively,hasimprovedworkingefficiency.(4)Highwayspreadandinstallbybridgefloor,thepassway,,eitherendofabridgetakeboardexpansionjointbridgeone,Cementconcreteandpitchconcreteroadsurfacehandovertheplaceroadsurface,theconcreteroadsurfaceofcementissubsided,breakcrack,Pitchconcreteroadsurfacenetworkcrack,holetrough,subside,carrut,gatheraroundbag,suffusedwithoil,etc.disease,itishighwaythatcurecoursewanttechnologicalproblemthatpunishoften,Mustsummarizeexperienceconstantlyatwork,improvecompetenceofcuring.Suchasadoptsteelfibreconcrete,Addmuscleconcrete,ModelBEJexpansionjointsolvebridgefloorspreadandinstallandtransformexpansionjointtoprovemodesinChineseoperaticmusicpracticerubber.5.TheideaandsuggestIsavethemanagementofcuringofeveryhighwayofhighwaysectionatpresent,is"oneNo.andonecompany"basically,"whomaketheinvestment,whocure,whobenefited"asuchkindofpattern.Exceptthateveryhighwayofhighwaysectionofhighwayindividualproprietorshipofcompanyoftheprovince"canreachthecompany"totakechargeofcuring,Theotherhighwaysectionsaremanagedthecompanyeachandresponsiblefor.Butwatchfromtrademanagementofthehighwayofthewholeprovince,curingthemanagementthatmanagementmustimplement"integrating"ofthehighway.(1)Themanagementofcuringofthehighwayofthewholeprovince,thehighwaycompa