叉車充電站規(guī)劃設(shè)計技術(shù)要求-Battery-charging-room-requirement-

液態(tài)鉛酸電池充電站計劃1。充電站的定義和說明Definitionsanddescriptionsofchargingstat1。1電池房Battery-Rooms………………2。建筑結(jié)構(gòu)Buildingconstruction…………………2。1充電站內(nèi)的車輛空間Truckplaceinchargingstat2。2電池房的空間Placeinbatteryrooms.0…………….。。。。...。.。。。。。。.。。..。。。.3.2取暖Heating4.充電機Charger:5。通風Ventilation…………5.10總則Genera1。5.2根據(jù)DINVDE0510計算CalculationaccordingDINVDE0515.3必要的空閑房屋空間計算Calculationofthenecessaryfreeroomspac5.4必要的空氣流量計算Calculationofthenecessaryvolumeofairfl6.房屋溫度和氣候Roomtemperatureandclimates9。維護和維修地方Maintenanceandrepairplacess11.急救措施Firstaido+電池房是一種專門給電池充電和儲存電池的房屋，也可以將充電機安裝在電池房內(nèi)。1.2電池充電站電池充電站是一種專門房屋，在屋內(nèi)，可以給裝在車輛上的電池充電也可以給1。1所述的電池充電.AbatterychargingstationisaspecialroomforchargingbatterieswhichareinstaIledinthetrucksandalsochargingbatteriesaccording1.1.總之先要決定是否應該建立電池房或充電站，大多數(shù)情況下兩班或三班工作制運行應該有電池房，充電機前放有正在一間房中.Generalistodecideifabatteryroomorabatterychargingstationshouldbesetup.Mostlyabatteryroomisnecessaryatatwoorthreeshiftoperation,normallyrechargedbatteriesandbatteriesunderchargestandinfrontofonecharger。InbatterychargingstationsnormallytruckswithinstalledbatteriesareconnectedtothechargerS.SImportantisiftheroomisaworkingplacewherepersonsareinchargetooptainandmaintainandchangebatteries.Inthiscasespecialregulationsforworkingplacesarenecessary,forexamplequestionsaboutlight,noise,temperature,gas—emissionandsoon,additionalwaitingrooms,washroomsandrestroomshadtobeinstalled.2。1s充電站里的車輛空間充電站的平面空間取決于充電站規(guī)模和車輛種類，而且根據(jù)VDI2197,2198和2199或國家特殊標準計算chargingstationandtheumaroundwiththetrucks2198and2199orspecialnational實際可以用15m2計算，重要的是：-車輛占據(jù)的面積(寬和深)-車輛高 norms.Inpracticeyoucancalculatewith15m2squaremeters,importantare:-kindandlargenessofthetrucks-quantityoftrucksofeachtrucktype-totalquantityoftrucks-quantityandtypeofchargers-thestandsquaremetersofthetruck(wideanddeep)-highofthetruck車輛附加的占地面積，必須將車輛周圍空間0.6m和充電機到電池間1m的距離計算在內(nèi)。Additionaltothestandsquaremetersofthetrucksanecessaryspacearoundthetruckof0,6metersandadistancechargertobatteryof1metermustbecalculated。BbCCaaaac)到易燃品的必備距離necessarydistancetoinflammablestorednecessarydistancetoexplosivematerialnecessaryhighoftheplace(dependsofthetrucks)最少2meter充電站的房屋布局相對放置的車輛間必備距離應該是車輛轉(zhuǎn)動空間的一半(Wa)加上0。6m(B=Wa+0,6m)necessarydistancebetweentheoppositeplacedtruckshouldbethehalfoftheturnB電池充電房的必要面積取決于電池、充電機、起重設(shè)備或運輸充放電電池的車輛的種類、數(shù)量和大小。Inbatterychargingroomsthenecessarysquaremetersdependsofthequantityandthelargenessofthebatteriesandthechargersandofthekindofcraneorthecha實際上，可以用7m2計算每個充電機前必須計算出必備空間，以放置兩個電池加上電池之間最少0。2m的通風空間。放電池的托架必須以最重的電池考慮計算，并且與地隔離。Batterybanksmustbecalculatedfortheheaviestbatteryandmustbeisolatedagainstthed.d充電機前面板到電池的最短距離(a)為0.5m,電池到溫度超過200C的加熱裝置最短距離為2.5m。Theminimumdistance(a)ofthechargerfrontpaneltothebatteryis0,5meterandminimum2,5meterbetweenbatteryandheatingsystemswithatemperaturemorethan200C壓強>8N/mm抗酸腐蝕抗硫酸H?SO4(50%)墻泄漏電阻。(10'ohm(電池周圍1.5m.)絕緣阻抗>100kohm(電池周圍1.5m。)屋頂抗酸腐蝕抗硫酸t(yī)H?SO?(50%)地板必須有一個最小0.25m3坑，其周圍斜度為1%Divertresistancew(10ohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries(1,5m)Isolationresistance)100kohm(onlyaroundtheplaceofthebatteries(1,5m)總則個充電機安裝帶慢動作熔絲的電源斷路器或電機電路自動空氣開關(guān).應該具有通風并規(guī)定：只有工作通風時才能充TheelectricalinstallationistobedoneaccordingDINVDE0100orspecialnationalnormswithamainswitchpowerbreakerandeachchargerwithapowerbreakerwithslowactingfusesorautomaticbreakersformotor—atedcircuitsaccordingthete-充電機-加熱系統(tǒng)-通風-照明-ventilation-illumination充電機1到n的視在功率計算：根據(jù)供貨商的信息，功率P1,P2,.…Pna=因數(shù)，所有充電機都工作(一般為0,8)PoweraccordingtheinformationofthesupplierP1,P2,…。Pn對于充電機，效率和功率因數(shù)cosphi同樣重要，典型計算：充電機技術(shù)/曲線效率50Hz一充電機/Wa,WoWa加熱功率取決于房屋種類和大小，與充電機和電池的發(fā)熱成反比.充電能量計算例如電池48V750Ah,放電等級80%充電機ao輸出曲線WoWa,負載系數(shù)1,2中負載電壓2,4V/Z總能量：64,8kWh(所有充電機有功功率)消耗的負載能量51,8kWh損失能量13,0kWh(可用于加熱)CalculationofthechargeenergyBattery48V750Ah,dischargegrade80%ChargersoutputcurveWoWa,loadfactorl,2middleloadvoltage2,4V/Zefficiency80%Totalenergy:064,8kWh(apparentpowerofallchargers)為了選擇正確的充電機，必須要知道電池型號、電池種類、額定電壓、額定容量和根據(jù)工種、單班、兩班或三班決定的充電時間。充電機根據(jù)外形大小既可以墻上安裝也可以地面安裝。為了良好通風充電機之間最小0.2m間距很重要。為便于方便操作，應該選擇好安裝充電機的高度。任何與水有關(guān)的安裝必須在充電機下面.Toselectthecorrectchargersitisnecessarytoknowthebatterytype,thekindworking,singlevoltage,thenominalcapacityaworking,singlevoltage,thenominalcapacityandshiftortwo,threeshiftareeitherwallmountedorthechargers.Themountinghighshouldbeselectedthatagoodoperationwiththechargersispossible。Anyinstallationofwatermustbebelowthechargers。Exampleforwallmountedchargers因為電解液的水分離在電池腔內(nèi)形成氫氧混合氣體，這個過程是在接近電池充電結(jié)束時，即電池過充時發(fā)生的，超過過充電壓就開始放氣階段。要設(shè)計電池充電房和充電站有足夠的自然通風，如果需要強迫通風，就應該在始開充電時接通通風裝置，進風盡可能的接近地面，經(jīng)過電池然后盡可能高的從對面排出。Abatterycabformagasmixtureofhydrogenandoxygenduetotheelectrolyticdecompositionofwater.Thisgasdevelopsparticularytowardstheendofbatterychargingorifthebatteryisovercharged,ltisatitgreatestabovethevoltageatwhichgassingstarts.Batterychargingroomsandbatterychargingstationsshallwherepossiblebedesignedsothatthenaturalventilationissufficient.Ifartificialventilationisnecessary,itshallbeensuredthattheventilationisswitchedonwhilstchargingistakenplace。Theinletairshallenterascloseaspossibletotheground,passoverthebatteriesandescapeashighaspossibleontheoppositeside.電池充電房和充電站的通風，在充電時要考慮到至少有足夠的空氣流量Q,Q由以下公式?jīng)Q定：TheventilationofbatteryroomsandchargingstationsisregardedasadequateifduringchargingatleastthevolumeofairlowQ,determinedaccordingtothefollowingequQo空氣流量m3/hv。稀釋系數(shù)，氫/空氣混合物在較低的爆炸限度時，空氣和氫氣體積之比(96%空氣/4%氫氣=24)isthedilutionfactorwhichisequaltotheratiooftheamountbyvolumeofairandhydrogenattheatthelowerexplosionlimitofthehydrogen/airmixture(96%Luft/4%H2=24)q氫氣體積流量，與一個單體電池在0C和1013Pa時電解液Ah每A每h的電流強度有關(guān) So安全系數(shù)=5(船舶核潛艇=10)isthecurrentlevelinAwhichcausesthedevelopmentofhydrogen充電特性曲線每100Ah額定容量電流IWa-特性characteristicWsa一特性characteristicIU-到2。4V/Z的特性IU-到2.25V/Z的特性計算*Q[m/h]=0,05x5.3必備的空閑房屋空間Normallyatbatteryroomsandchargingstationsnospecialventilationisnecessaryifthehallsarelargeenough,theformulais:。高high。H:..。.…mExampleforachargerwithWoWacharacteristic:Atthesecharacteristicthecalculationistobedonewithacurrentof4Aforeach100Ahbattery10個帶有48V/400Ah的電池Numberofcellsperbattery24oTotalnumberofcellsNominalcapacity4000Gassingcurrent(A/100Ah):Totalgassingcurrent(A/400Ah):4如果用2.5xQ計算不需要專門的通風，空閑房屋空間要足夠大。對于空閑房屋空間480m3來說，550m?充電房足夠大。例如，房屋可以選用wxdxh:10x10x5。5m對于一個充電房內(nèi)所有電池都要進行這樣的計算，即必須加入單個流量：專用電池充電房和充電站。充電站應該具有+10C到+25C的室溫和干燥環(huán)境，以保證充電機和電池壽命。如果這些環(huán)境條件不能滿足，就要配備一些設(shè)備如：對充電機用空調(diào)，對電池用加熱電纜。設(shè)備的供貨商可以提供相關(guān)信息。7.加水帶液態(tài)電解液的電池，由于充電時會引起放氣過程而失去水分，必須再加水，根據(jù)DIN43530或國標必須加蒸餾水，一般的水會破壞電池.由充電極控制的不需維護的自動加水系統(tǒng)對電池加水有益，在充電結(jié)束前的適當時間進行短時加水，電池必須有專門的添滿自關(guān)閉裝置。自動加水系統(tǒng)的壓力應該是：最小0.2bar最大1bar、2到10米，詢問電池供貨商有關(guān)加水系統(tǒng)的正確計劃。Batterieswithliquidelectrolytelostwatercauseofthegassingduringcharge,thismustberefilled.ThereforitmustbeuseddistilledwateraccordingDIN43530ornationalnorms,normalwaterdestroyedthebattery。Automaticallywatertoppingsystemswithoutanymaintainholdgoodcausecontrolledbythechargertherefillingofwatertakesplaceatthecorrecttimeshortlybeforethechargewillbefinished.Batteriesmusthavespecialself-closingcrams。ThepressureoftheautomaticallywatertoppingsystemshouldhaveminimumO,2andmaximum1bar,especially2to10meter。Askabatterysupplierforthecorrectplanningofawatertoppingsystem.8.搬運電池