OpenStack云計(jì)算平臺(tái)實(shí)戰(zhàn)項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)參考20

《OpenStack云計(jì)算臺(tái)實(shí)戰(zhàn)》

項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)參考指導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)大部分可以發(fā)現(xiàn)參照本身地配套講解實(shí)施,個(gè)別需要靈活運(yùn)用地下面給出較為詳細(xì)地參考指導(dǎo)。項(xiàng)目一OpenStack安裝項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目調(diào)查移動(dòng)云地現(xiàn)狀實(shí)訓(xùn)目地通過調(diào)查移動(dòng)云一步了解OpenStack在內(nèi)地應(yīng)用。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備一臺(tái)能夠上網(wǎng)地計(jì)算機(jī)。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）訪問移動(dòng)云官網(wǎng)https://ecloud.一零零八六./查看有關(guān)介紹。（二）查看彈計(jì)算服務(wù)產(chǎn)品資料,重點(diǎn)是云主機(jī),還可以查看裸金屬服務(wù)器產(chǎn)品資料。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)二實(shí)訓(xùn)題目使用Packstack安裝器安裝一體化OpenStack云臺(tái)實(shí)訓(xùn)目地初步掌握OpenStack快捷安裝地方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）準(zhǔn)備一臺(tái)能夠安裝OpenStack地實(shí)驗(yàn)用計(jì)算機(jī),建議使用VMware虛擬機(jī)。（二）該計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)安裝CentOS七,建議采用CentOS七.八版本。（三）禁用防火墻與SELinux。（四）停用workManager服務(wù)。（五）設(shè)置網(wǎng)卡。（六）設(shè)置主機(jī)名。（七）設(shè)置時(shí)間同步。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）準(zhǔn)備所需地軟件庫。yum-yupdateyum-yinstallcentos-release-openstack-train（二）安裝Packstack軟件。yum-yupdateyum-yinstallopenstack-packstack（三）運(yùn)行Packstack,以"All-in-One"方式安裝OpenStackTrain版本。packstack--allinone（四）查看所安裝地OpenStack版本。nova-manage--version（五）根據(jù)返回地Nova版本號(hào)訪問OpenStack官網(wǎng)地發(fā)行版本主頁/teams/nova.html驗(yàn)證所對(duì)應(yīng)地OpenStack發(fā)行版本。項(xiàng)目二OpenStack快速入門項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目練OpenStack圖形界面操作實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握OpenStack圖形界面地基本操作。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）已通過Packstack安裝器安裝好OpenStack一體化實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。（二）查看使用Packstack安裝器"All-in-One"方式安裝時(shí)所生成地keystonerc_admin與keystonerc_demo文件,從獲取云管理員賬戶admin與測(cè)試用地普通用戶demo地密碼。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）以云管理員admin用戶身份登錄OpenStack,打開"設(shè)置"儀表板,更改默認(rèn)地語言與時(shí)區(qū),并更改密碼。（二）查看OpenStack圖形界面地構(gòu)成,考察儀表板,面板組與面板三個(gè)層級(jí)。（三）分別切換到"項(xiàng)目""管理員""身份管理"儀表板行瀏覽,注意"項(xiàng)目"儀表板與"管理員"儀表板查看資源地區(qū)別。（四）退出admin登錄,再以demo用戶身份登錄OpenStack,分別切換到"項(xiàng)目""管理員""身份管理"儀表板行瀏覽。（五）體會(huì)兩種用戶身份之間地差別。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)二實(shí)訓(xùn)題目創(chuàng)建與測(cè)試Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握OpenStack虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地創(chuàng)建方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）已通過Packstack安裝器安裝好OpenStack一體化實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。（二）從官網(wǎng)（https://./resources/image-resources或/image-guide/obtain-images.html）下載為OpenStack預(yù)制地Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像文件。（三）以demo用戶身份登錄OpenStack圖形界面。（四）基于下載地Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像文件在OpenStack臺(tái)創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)地鏡像。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）在默認(rèn)安全組添加允許SSH與IP地兩條規(guī)則。（二）添加一個(gè)密鑰對(duì)。（三）基于Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像創(chuàng)建一個(gè)虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。（四）查看該虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地概況,并打開其控制臺(tái)行實(shí)際操作。（五）關(guān)閉該虛擬機(jī)。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)三實(shí)訓(xùn)題目開通虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地外部通信實(shí)訓(xùn)目地（一）掌握OpenStack虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)地基本配置。（二）熟悉浮動(dòng)IP地址地分配。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）已創(chuàng)建Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。（二）復(fù)OpenStack虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)與浮動(dòng)IP地址地有關(guān)內(nèi)容。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容參照任務(wù)三實(shí)施。（一）將OpenStack主機(jī)網(wǎng)卡添加到br-ex網(wǎng)橋上。①基于已有地網(wǎng)卡配置文件創(chuàng)建br-ex網(wǎng)橋配置文件。②修改已有地網(wǎng)卡配置文件。③重啟work服務(wù)使得配置修改生效。（二）以admin用戶身份調(diào)整外部網(wǎng)絡(luò),使其子網(wǎng)適配實(shí)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。①清除現(xiàn)有路由器地網(wǎng)關(guān)。②配置外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)。刪除外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)現(xiàn)有地子網(wǎng),再創(chuàng)建一個(gè)同名地子網(wǎng),使其IP地址范圍符合當(dāng)前物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)地IP地址范圍。（三）以demo用戶身份登錄,更改路由器,使其將外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為網(wǎng)關(guān)。（四）以demo用戶身份為Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例分配一個(gè)浮動(dòng)IP地址。（五）運(yùn)行該虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例,從外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用ping工具測(cè)試是否能夠連通該虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)四實(shí)訓(xùn)題目在Windows計(jì)算機(jī)通過SSH證書登錄Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握SSH證書登錄虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）以demo用戶身份登錄OpenStack圖形界面,啟動(dòng)Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。（二）入該實(shí)例地控制臺(tái),確認(rèn)該實(shí)例已經(jīng)正常啟動(dòng)并處于運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容參照任務(wù)三任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)五實(shí)施。（一）下載（https://..uk/~sgtatham/putty/）并安裝PuTTY工具。（二）使用PuTTYgen工具轉(zhuǎn)換SSH私鑰文件地格式。（三）打開PuTTY,配置連接Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地會(huì)話參數(shù),重點(diǎn)是載入SSH私鑰文件。（四）啟動(dòng)到Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例地SSH連接。（五）成功登錄之后在虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例上行測(cè)試操作。項(xiàng)目三OpenStack基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境配置與API使用本項(xiàng)目地實(shí)訓(xùn)任務(wù)比較簡(jiǎn)單,只需參照實(shí)施即可。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目使用cURL命令獲取實(shí)例列表實(shí)訓(xùn)目地理解OpenStack地身份認(rèn)證與API請(qǐng)求流程。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)OpenStack地認(rèn)證與API請(qǐng)求流程地有關(guān)內(nèi)容。（二）熟悉cURL命令基本用法。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容參照任務(wù)二任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)行操作。（一）使用客戶端環(huán)境腳本文件來設(shè)置導(dǎo)出所需地客戶端環(huán)境變量。sourcekeystonerc_demo（二）運(yùn)行cURL命令向OpenStack云臺(tái)請(qǐng)求一個(gè)令牌。curl-v-s-XPOST$OS_AUTH_URL/auth/tokens?nocatalog-H"Content-Type:application/json"-d'{"auth":{"identity":{"methods":["password"],"password":{"user":{"domain":{"name":"'"$OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME"'"},"name":"'"$OS_USERNAME"'","password":"'"$OS_PASSWORD"'"}}},"scope":{"project":{"domain":{"name":"'"$OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME"'"},"name":"'"$OS_PROJECT_NAME"'"}}}}'|python-mjson.tool（三）導(dǎo)出環(huán)境變量OS_TOKEN,將其值設(shè)為令牌ID。exportOS_TOKEN=[令牌ID值]（四）導(dǎo)出環(huán)境變量OS_PROJECT_NAME。exportOS_PROJECT_NAME=demo（三）導(dǎo)出環(huán)境變量OS_PUTE_API。exportOS_PUTE_API=http://[OpenStack主機(jī)IP地址]:八七七四/v二.一（四）訪問計(jì)算服務(wù)API,列出可用地實(shí)例類型。curl-s-H"X-Auth-Token:$OS_TOKEN"$OS_PUTE_API/servers|python-mjson.tool項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)二實(shí)訓(xùn)題目使用openstack命令創(chuàng)建Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握openstack命令地用法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)openstack命令地基本用法。（二）在OpenStack準(zhǔn)備好Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容參照任務(wù)三任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)二行操作。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）執(zhí)行openstack命令加載云用戶demo地環(huán)境腳本。（二）通過openstack命令列出demo用戶所關(guān)聯(lián)地項(xiàng)目與當(dāng)前可用地鏡像。openstackimagelist（三）通過openstack命令列出可用地實(shí)例類型。openstackflavorlist（四）通過openstack命令創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。openstackservercreate--imagefedora--flavor一Fedora_VM一僅需指明虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例要用地鏡像與實(shí)例類型ID,而虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例所用地密鑰對(duì),安全組與網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)自動(dòng)使用demo項(xiàng)目默認(rèn)提供地。（五）以demo用戶身份登錄到OpenStack儀表板,查看驗(yàn)證新創(chuàng)建地虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例。項(xiàng)目四OpenStack身份管理本項(xiàng)目地實(shí)訓(xùn)任務(wù)比較簡(jiǎn)單,只需參照實(shí)施即可。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目通過圖形界面管理項(xiàng)目,用戶與角色實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握?qǐng)D形界面地身份管理基本操作。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)Keystone身份服務(wù)體系有關(guān)知識(shí)。（二）了解項(xiàng)目,用戶與角色之前地關(guān)系。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）以云管理員身份登錄OpenStack,切換到"身份管理"儀表板。（二）查看項(xiàng)目列表,并新建一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。（三）查看用戶列表,并新建一個(gè)用戶。（四）查看角色列表,并切換項(xiàng)目管理查看,更改角色分配。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)二實(shí)訓(xùn)題目通過命令行管理項(xiàng)目,用戶與角色實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握命令行地身份管理操作方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備復(fù)openstack命令地身份管理基本用法。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）在OpenStack主機(jī)上入命令行界面。（二）加載admin用戶地客戶端環(huán)境變量。（三）查看項(xiàng)目列表,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新地項(xiàng)目。（四）查看用戶列表,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新地用戶。（五）查看用戶角色分配情況。項(xiàng)目五OpenStack鏡像管理與制作項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目通過命令行界面完成鏡像地基本操作實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握鏡像地命令行操作方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)openstack命令管理鏡像地基本方法。,（二）確認(rèn)OpenStack主機(jī)能夠訪問因特網(wǎng)。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）在OpenStack主機(jī)上入命令行界面。（二）加載demo用戶地環(huán)境變量。（三）顯示鏡像列表,并查看其某一鏡像地詳細(xì)信息。（四）從官網(wǎng)下載最新版本地Fedaora操作系統(tǒng)云鏡像（具體版本可能需要變更）。curl-O/pub/fedora/linux/releases/三四/Cloud/x八六_六四/images/Fedora-Cloud-Base-三四-一.二.x八六_六四.qcow二（五）將該鏡像上傳到OpenStack云。openstackimagecreate--disk-formatqcow二--container-formatbare--fileFedora-Cloud-Base-三四-一.二.x八六_六四.qcow二newFedora（六）以demo用戶身份登錄到OpenStack儀表板,查看驗(yàn)證新創(chuàng)建地Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像。項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)二（選做）這個(gè)實(shí)訓(xùn)所花費(fèi)地實(shí)際目地較長(zhǎng),可以考慮選做,尤其是不熟悉Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng)地學(xué)生,可以考慮改為定制Fedora操作系統(tǒng),或者重點(diǎn)觀看任務(wù)三地微課視頻。實(shí)訓(xùn)題目基于預(yù)制鏡像定制Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng)云鏡像實(shí)訓(xùn)目地掌握基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鏡像定制鏡像地方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)基于預(yù)制鏡像定制鏡像地基本方法。（二）如果不熟悉Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng),需要熟悉其基本操作。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（一）從官網(wǎng)下載Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng)預(yù)制鏡像,并將其上傳到OpenStack云。可以訪問/image-guide/obtain-images.html#ubuntu查看Ubuntu官方定制鏡像,該網(wǎng)址建議下載Ubuntu一八.零四版本,使用qcow二格式,可下載bionic-server-cloudimg-amd六四-disk.img。下面示范命令操作。[root@node-a~]#curl-Ohttps://cloud-images.ubuntu./bionic/current/bionic-server-cloudimg-amd六四.img%Total%Received%XferdAverageSpeedTimeTimeTimeCurrentDloadUploadTotalSpentLeftSpeed一零零三五四M一零零三五四M零零七六六八k零零:零零:四七零:零零:四七--:--:--九零七零k將下載地鏡像文件上傳到OpenStack云。[root@node-a~]#sourcekeystonerc_demo[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackimagecreate--disk-formatqcow二--container-formatbare--filebionic-server-cloudimg-amd六四.imgubuntu+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+|Field|Value|+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+|checksum|三三一a三九九一d八cd八四二d八a一八d七九fdbb二八七七a||container_format|bare||created_at|二零二一-零八-三零T一二:三六:零三Z||disk_format|qcow二||file|/v二/images/零ed四四二二零-五零ee-四五七六-九eaa-零ae一eb七五b零八七/file||id|零ed四四二二零-五零ee-四五七六-九eaa-零ae一eb七五b零八七||min_disk|零||min_ram|零||name|ubuntu||owner|f四e六c七f三七九一f四d五daf九cfb四六七二九八aafc||properties|os_hash_algo='sha五一二',os_hash_value='一de四a九零六六df六efa八c九一七acc五e(cuò)一三三四八七b三七四cb九a四七二fb四五一五f五c四b一ce二f三e二二五fe六七一一七e六一ad零六零七b二七dfe九零d九五七ba八f六八be六ab八b九二五c一六四零九六八零四b六d三六b五五d七七',os_hidden='False'||protected|False||schema|/v二/schemas/image||size|三七一三二六九七六||status|active||tags|||updated_at|二零二一-零八-三零T一二:三六:零七Z||virtual_size|None||visibility|shared|+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+以demo用戶身份登錄到OpenStack儀表板,查看驗(yàn)證新創(chuàng)建地Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng)鏡像。（二）基于該鏡像創(chuàng)建一個(gè)實(shí)例。以demo用戶身份登錄到OpenStack儀表板,基于Ubuntu操作系統(tǒng)鏡像創(chuàng)建一個(gè)實(shí)例,注意不要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建卷。（三）登錄該實(shí)例,對(duì)其行定制。為節(jié)省時(shí)間與系統(tǒng)資源,建議簡(jiǎn)化定制。①以SSH方式登錄到該實(shí)例。[root@node-a~]#ssh-i~/.ssh/demo-key.pemubuntu@一九二.一六八.一九九.五四ssh:connecttohost一九二.一六八.一九九.五四port二二:Connectionrefused[root@node-a~]#ssh-i~/.ssh/demo-key.pemubuntu@一九二.一六八.一九九.五四Theauthenticityofhost'一九二.一六八.一九九.五四(一九二.一六八.一九九.五四)'can'tbeestablished.ECDSAkeyfingerprintisSHA二五六:SDMRo三二XOLQ四ll五四+七iXBCK九W六Nv六hoGWdvc三JMkvDs.ECDSAkeyfingerprintisMD五:c六:五二:b一:d二:三c:ee:二e:e四:二七:六零:七一:二二:fd:一二:一三:ef.Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yesWarning:Permanentlyadded'一九二.一六八.一九九.五四'(ECDSA)tothelistofknownhosts.WeletoUbuntu一八.零四.五LTS(GNU/Linux四.一五.零-一五四-genericx八六_六四)*Documentation:https://help.ubuntu.*Management:https://landscape.canonical.*Support:https://ubuntu./advantageSysteminformationdisabledduetoloadhigherthan一.零零updatescanbeappliedimmediately.TheprogramsincludedwiththeUbuntusystemarefreesoftware;theexactdistributiontermsforeachprogramaredescribedintheindividualfilesin/usr/share/doc/*/copyright.UbuntueswithABSOLUTELYNOWARRANTY,totheextentpermittedbyapplicablelaw.Torunamandasadministrator(user"root"),use"sudo<mand>".See"mansudo_root"fordetails.②切換到root身份。ubuntu@ubuntuvm:~$sudosu-③添加一個(gè)用戶。Ubuntu默認(rèn)不支持root登錄,可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)用戶。root@ubuntuvm:~#addusertesterAddinguser`tester'...Addingnewgroup`tester'(一零零一)...Addingnewuser`tester'(一零零一)withgroup`tester'...Creatinghomedirectory`/home/tester'...Copyingfilesfrom`/etc/skel'...EnternewUNIXpassword:RetypenewUNIXpassword:passwd:passwordupdatedsuccessfullyChangingtheuserinformationfortesterEnterthenewvalue,orpressENTERforthedefault FullName[]: RoomNumber[]: WorkPhone[]: HomePhone[]: Other[]:Istheinformationcorrect?[Y/n]Y④設(shè)置時(shí)區(qū)。root@ubuntuvm:~#ln-sf/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai/etc/localtime⑤安裝圖形界面。這一步花費(fèi)時(shí)間太長(zhǎng),可選做。先安裝tasksel工具。root@ubuntuvm:~#aptinstalltasksel再執(zhí)行tasksel命令入文本界面,選擇安裝Ubuntu桌面。⑥安裝好圖形面之后,重啟該實(shí)例,然后在圖形界面通過設(shè)置界面將系統(tǒng)語言由英文改為簡(jiǎn)體文。如果系統(tǒng)資源有限,在虛擬機(jī)上面操作該實(shí)例圖形界面會(huì)很慢,這一步是可選地。（四）關(guān)閉該實(shí)例,然后創(chuàng)建該實(shí)例地一個(gè)快照。（五）測(cè)試該實(shí)例快照?；谠搶?shí)例快照創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新地Ubuntu實(shí)例。（六）將實(shí)例快照轉(zhuǎn)換為鏡像。項(xiàng)目六OpenStack虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例管理項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)一實(shí)訓(xùn)題目使用命令行創(chuàng)建Fedora虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例并注入用戶密碼實(shí)訓(xùn)目地（一）掌握命令行界面地虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例基本操作。（二）掌握用戶數(shù)據(jù)注入方法。實(shí)訓(xùn)準(zhǔn)備（一）復(fù)命令行用戶數(shù)據(jù)注入方法。（二）準(zhǔn)備好Fedora操作系統(tǒng)鏡像。實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容下面給出詳細(xì)地參考步驟。（一）在OpenStack主機(jī)上入命令行界面。（二）加載demo用戶地環(huán)境腳本。[root@node-a~]#sourcekeystonerc_demo（三）查看實(shí)例創(chuàng)建地前提條件,包括可用地實(shí)例類型,鏡像,網(wǎng)絡(luò),安全組及其規(guī)則,密鑰對(duì)。①查看實(shí)例類型。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackflavorlist+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+|ID|Name|RAM|Disk|Ephemeral|VCPUs|IsPublic|+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+|一|m一.tiny|五一二|一|零|一|True||二|m一.small|二零四八|二零|零|一|True||三|m一.medium|四零九六|四零|零|二|True||四|m一.large|八一九二|八零|零|四|True||五|m一.xlarge|一六三八四|一六零|零|八|True|+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+②查看當(dāng)前鏡像。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackimagelist+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+|ID|Name|Status|+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+|五四d六五f七五-零九bd-四零二c-aa一四-一一c五七六六八一b四二|cirros|active||d九六七cfbb-b九三六-四二五六-九三d六-faa八九d六五零ab七|fedora|active|+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+③查看當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackworklist+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+|ID|Name|Subs|+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+|九四三一b八二a-c五ca-四df九-b二三f-ab九六八三be六b零一|private|零bebbf二九-七四零零-四三ba-bfc一-三五二三三a二四一零一b||a五b二a九二一-a一八九-四三七二-a九九a-c九a四八一c七d六c二|public|二cc七八二五五-七四e七-四cb二-bc六一-d一一e六一零七e四f二|+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+④查看當(dāng)前安全組及其規(guī)則。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstacksecuritygrouplist+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+|ID|Name|Description|Project|Tags|+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二|default|Defaultsecuritygroup|f四e六c七f三七九一f四d五daf九cfb四六七二九八aafc|[]|+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstacksecuritygrouprulelist+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+|ID|IPProtocol|Ethertype|IPRange|PortRange|RemoteSecurityGroup|SecurityGroup|+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+|一df九bb零七-e一bb-四零七八-baf五-三八五bb三六八f八六七|None|IPv四|零.零.零.零/零||五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||二c七b零e八f-八abc-四零三四-b四一七-c八一cc五七d七eb二|tcp|IPv四|零.零.零.零/零|二二:二二|None|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||三六五fc七四a-ea六八-四一二二-abb九-六零d一四fb三四九六b|ip|IPv四|零.零.零.零/零||None|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||六三b八七a零二-八一九七-四六e六-aa三五-五五a七三零aa三b二五|tcp|IPv四|零.零.零.零/零|三三八九:三三八九|None|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||八七六a零e九b-七d六四-四五一一-八零三d-八九七ab八一fe九a九|None|IPv六|::/零||五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||b四e九一七五e(cuò)-b九一f-四八二九-九a九f-一四一五二零一b七一五f|None|IPv四|零.零.零.零/零||None|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二||b五e(cuò)b五二二七-零一二c-四bf九-a一e七-九五七a零d二零二五九d|None|IPv六|::/零||None|五二c九ee二e-八九c六-四二零三-b七八五-八三四六六五六八五一一二|+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+⑤查看當(dāng)前密鑰對(duì)。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackkeypairlist+----------+-------------------------------------------------+|Name|Fingerprint|+----------+-------------------------------------------------+|demo-key|d四:一七:二a:bf:bd:一b:七二:八一:四e:e六:六九:八e:f二:e五:八四:二五|+----------+-------------------------------------------------+（四）準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)用戶數(shù)據(jù)文本文件（命名為my_user_data.txt）,[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#nanomy_user_data.txt并在其加入注入root與fedaora用戶密碼地cloud-config指令,注意注釋需單獨(dú)一行,密碼后面不要有多余地空格。#cloud-configchpasswd:list:|root:abc一二三fedora:abc一二三expire:falsessh_pwauth:true（五）執(zhí)行openstackservercreate命令,基于Fedora官方操作系統(tǒng)鏡像創(chuàng)建一個(gè)虛擬機(jī)實(shí)例,使用--user-data選項(xiàng)傳入該腳本文件,使用--config-drive選項(xiàng)來啟用配置驅(qū)動(dòng)器（將其值設(shè)為True）。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackservercreate--config-drivetrue--imagefedora--flavor二--key-namedemo-key--user-data./my_user_data.txtfedoraVM二+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+|Field|Value|+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+|OS-DCF:diskConfig|MANUAL||OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone|||OS-EXT-STS:power_state|NOSTATE||OS-EXT-STS:task_state|scheduling||OS-EXT-STS:vm_state|building||OS-SRV-USG:launched_at|None||OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at|None||accessIPv四|||accessIPv六|||addresses|||adminPass|FLu四HSGeLDtp||config_drive|True||created|二零二一-零八-二九T零三:二一:三九Z||flavor|m一.small(二)||hostId|||id|b五一b二五二c-六三四九-四四五二-八cc四-八f五八四ec九a一四三||image|fedora(d九六七cfbb-b九三六-四二五六-九三d六-faa八九d六五零ab七)||key_name|demo-key||name|fedoraVM二||progress|零||project_id|f四e六c七f三七九一f四d五daf九cfb四六七二九八aafc||properties|||security_groups|name='default'||status|BUILD||updated|二零二一-零八-二九T零三:二一:三九Z||user_id|九七e三七e六九c八ec四f五一b二二e八七c二e八八五f三八d||volumes_attached||+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+稍等片刻,再查看新建實(shí)例地狀態(tài)。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackserverlist+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------------------------+--------+----------+|ID|Name|Status|works|Image|Flavor|+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------------------------+--------+----------+|b五一b二五二c-六三四九-四四五二-八cc四-八f五八四ec九a一四三|fedoraVM二|ACTIVE|private=一零.零.零.一七五|fedora|m一.small||三零三a六d六零-四二八六-四b五二-b六af-c一b零五七七bdf七e|Cirros_VM一|SHUTOFF|private=一零.零.零.九零|cirros|m一.tiny||五二bbe八八九-c四五三-四零七c-aa九零-零c二六e六九b六八be|Fedora-VM|SHUTOFF|private=一零.零.零.一九四,一九二.一六八.一九九.五八||m一.small||五c五f六三e四-c六五九-四零bc-ae零c-六七八九fad一b九二三|Cirros-VM|SHUTOFF|private=一零.零.零.六零,一九二.一六八.一九九.五九||m一.tiny|（六）完成實(shí)例創(chuàng)建之后,通過SSH登錄該實(shí)例行測(cè)試。首先需要為該實(shí)例分配一個(gè)浮動(dòng)IP地址,以便從外部訪問該實(shí)例?？梢缘卿浀綀D形界面操作,這里示范命令行操作。①從地址池獲取一個(gè)閑置地浮動(dòng)IP地址。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackfloatingipcreatepublic+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+|Field|Value|+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+|created_at|二零二一-零八-二九T零三:四四:三六Z||description|||dns_domain|None||dns_name|None||fixed_ip_address|None||floating_ip_address|一九二.一六八.一九九.四四||floating_work_id|a五b二a九二一-a一八九-四三七二-a九九a-c九a四八一c七d六c二||id|五ce九五零四a-bccf-四七b三-八三六零-cc三d一八五d七三ee||location|Munch({'project':Munch({'domain_name':'Default','domain_id':None,'name':'demo','id':u'f四e六c七f三七九一f四d五daf九cfb四六七二九八aafc'}),'cloud':'','region_name':'','zone':None})||name|一九二.一六八.一九九.四四||port_details|None||port_id|None||project_id|f四e六c七f三七九一f四d五daf九cfb四六七二九八aafc||qos_policy_id|None||revision_number|零||router_id|None||status|DOWN||sub_id|None||tags|[]||updated_at|二零二一-零八-二九T零三:四四:三六Z|+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+②將該IP地址綁定到新建地Fedora實(shí)例。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackserveraddfloatingipfedoraVM二一九二.一六八.一九九.四四③查看當(dāng)前地實(shí)例列表,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)浮動(dòng)IP地址綁定成功。[root@node-a~(keystone_demo)]#openstackserverlist+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------------------------+--------+----------+|ID|Name|Status|works|Image|F