從功能對(duì)等理論看歇后語的英譯英文-畢設(shè)論文

I.IntroductiontoTwo-partAllegoricSayingsTwo-partallegoticsayingsisaveryspecialpartofChineseculture,andcreatedbyancientpeopleaccordingtotheirrichlifeexperiences.ItisakindofspecialhumorouslanguageformandauniquewaytoexpresstheChinesenationalculture.Soitiswidelyusedinpeople’sdailylifeandsometraditionalworks,suchasADreamofRedMansions.Two-partallegoticsayingshasitsowncharacteristics.Firstly,itconsistsoftwopartsinitsform.Secondly,figuresofspeechsuchassimileandpuncanbeeasilyfoundinitscontent.1.1DefinitionofTwo-partAllegoricSayingsTwo-partallegoticsayingshasbeendiscussedsince1930s,butitsdefinitionstillremainscontroversialinspiteofnumerousresearchesanddefinitionsprovidedbyChinesescholars.Two-partallegoticsayingsbelongstothecommonsayings(idioms),exceptthatithasaparticularstructureofariddle.Two-partallegoticsayingsissimilartoaphraseforitexplainsthemeaningofaphraseintwopartsthefirstpartcanberegardedasasimileorastatementdescribesariddle,whilethesecondpart,sometimesunstated,carriedamessageastheanswertotheriddle(TheContemporaryChineseDictionaryofIdioms).1.2TypesofTwo-partAllegoricSayingsThediscussionsabouttheclassificationhavenotcometoanagreementtillnow.TherepresentativeandwidelyacceptedonesareproposedbyMaGuofanandGaoGedong,SunWeizhang,andeachofthemwinsmanysupporters.MaGuofanandGaoGedongsaid,“Two-partallegoticsayingscanbedividedintotwotypes:metaphoricalonesandhomophoniconesaccordingtowhetherthesecondpartuseshomophonesornot”(1979:18).Theformeronesrefertothosewhosefirstpartsaremetaphorsandsecondpartsareexplanationsforthefirstparts.However,thelatteronesarerelatedtothosewhosesecondpartsusehomophonestoexpressasenseofpun.Asforthelatterone,wecanseethatitisnotall-sidedbecausethesecondpartoftwo-partallegoticsayingsexpressingpunysensewithahomophoneisnotalwaysright.Ontheonehand,forinstance,“七十歲戴眼鏡——老花(話)(aseventy-oldpersonwearsglasses—presbyopia(anoldsaying)”(劉淑娟2011:5).Whileontheotherhand,insomeothercases,suchpunnysensecanbeindicatedbyusingapomograph.Forexample,“一頓飯能吃三升米——肚量大(apersoncaneatthreelitersofriceinonemeal—abigstomach(abroadtolerance)”(劉淑娟2011:6).SunWeizhang(1989:289-291)dividestwo-partallegoticsayingsintotwotypesmetaphoricalonesandpunyones.Andmetaphoricaltwo-partallegoticsayingsincludeexplanatoryones,revealingonesandassociatingonesbasedontherelationshipbetweentwoparts.1.3CharacteristicsofTwo-partAllegoricSayings“Two-partallegoticsayingsisubiquitous,vividlyemployingthefullspectumoftraditionalChinesehistoryandimagery,fromtheloftytothemundane”(Rohsenow1991:59).Which,undoubtedly,isfullofthecolorfulChineseculture.Thefirstpartoftenprovidesavividimageandthesecondpartintendstoexplaintheimplicitmeaningofthefirstpart.Forexample,貓哭耗子——假慈悲(Acatcryingoveramouse'smisfortune—shammercy).Itiseasyforthereaderstoimagineaclearpicturefromthevividdescriptionofthefirstpart,nevertheless,thesecondpartisthetruthandexplanationtothefirstpart.Asweallknow,catandmouseareapairofnaturalenemy,soitisimpossibleforacattoshowsympathyforamousesincerely.Theonlyresultofthesituationlistedaboveisthatthecatshowshammercytothemouse,andeatthemousewhenitisunprepared.1.4FunctionsofTwo-partAllegoricSayings“Generallyspeaking,two-partallegoticsayingsplaystwokindsoffuctionsinitsapplication:communicativefuctionsandrhetoricalfuxtions”(許家群2010:7).MostpeoplefocustheirattentionsontheapplicationofTwo-partallegoticsayingsinindailylife,thatisthecommunicativefunctionsoftwo-partallegoticsayingshaveattractedmuchattention.However,infact,therhetoricaleffectofTwo-partallegoticsayingsisitsmainfunction.Anyhow,thetwotypesoffunctionsarerelatedtoeachotherandcannotbeseperated.1.4.1CommunicativeFunctionofTwo-partAllegoricSayings“ForJakobson,languageisaboveall,asanysemioticsystem,forcommunication”(胡壯麟2011:9).Infact,two-partallegoticsayingsasaformoflanguage,actuallyitactsasatoolofcommunicationandoftenappearsinpeople'sdailylifeaswellasotherlanguageforms.1.4.2RhetoricFuctionofTwo-partAllegoricSayings“Themostimportantrhetoricaleffectachievedbytwo-partallegoticsayingsishumor,ironyorsarcasmembodiedinit”(溫端政1985:30).SomeTwo-partallegoticsayingsprovideasenseofhumour.Forexample,蚊子叮菩薩——認(rèn)錯(cuò)人(AmsquitobitesaclayBuddha—mistakingdentity).Thefirstpartofthistwo-partallegoticsayingsshowsapicturethatamosquitofliesintoatempleandtriestobiteaclayidolwhoseappearanceissimilartoarealperson.Thesecondpartexplainsthatthemosquitomistakestheidolforatrueperson.Ironicandsarcasticeffectcanbeachievedinsomeothertwo-partallegoticsayings.Forinstance,黃鼠狼給雞拜年——沒安好心(AweaselpaysaNewYearcallonahen—notwithagoodintention).Theweasel,aseveryoneknows,isoneoftheworstenemysofhens,therefore,ifaweaselpaysaNewYearcallonahen,itcouldnothavegoodintentionsbutwanttoeatthehen.=2\*ROMANII.AnOverviewofFunctionalEquivalence“Functionalequivalencetheory”wasproposedbyAmericanfamoustranslationtheorist,EugeneNida.Thistheoryisconsideredastherepresentativeworksofcontemporarytranslationtheorybythewesterntranslationfield.Thetheoryemphasizestheequivalenttranslationfromsourcelanguagetotargetlanguageinitsculture.Beforegoingtoproblemsandsolutionstofunctionalequivalenceintwo-partallegoticsayingstranslation,thedefinitionandlevelsoffunctionalequivalencearediscussedfirst.2.1DefinitionofFunctionalEquivalence“Dynamicequivalence”,akeyconceptinNida'stranslationtheory,definedas“theprincipleofequivalenteffect”.Bythemid-1980s,“dynamicequivalence”wasreplacedby“functionalequivalence”.“Functionalequivalence”allowsawiderangeofdiversityintranslating,sothetranslatorcanhavemorefreedomtodealwithproblemsintranslation.Insuchatranslation,dynamictranslation,oneisnotsoconcernedwithmatchingthereceptor-languagemessagewiththesourcelanguagemessage,butwiththedynamicrelationship,thattherelationshipbetweenreceptorandmessageshouldbesubstantiallythesameasthatwhichexistedbetweentheoriginalreceptorsandthemessage(Nida1964:150).“Dynamicequivalenceisthereforetobedefinedintermsofthedegreetowhichthereceptorofthemessageinthereceptorlanguagerespondtoitinsubstantiallythesamemannerasthereceptorsinthesourcelanguage”(Nida1969:24).Therelationshipbetweenthetargetlanguagereceptorandthesourcetextshouldgenerallybeequivalenttothatbetweenthesourcelanguagereceptorandthesourcetext.Functionalequivalencetranslationpaysmuchmoreattentiontothereceptor'sresponseandnaturalnessoftargetlanguagethanlanguageforms.“Atranslationoffunctionalequivalenceaimsatcompletenaturalnessofexpression,andtriestorelatethereceptortomodesofbehaviorrelevantwithinthecontextofhisownculture;itdoesnotinsistthatheunderstandtheculturalpatternsofthesource-languagecontextinordertocomprehendthemessage”(Nida1964:159).2.2LevelsofFunctionalEquivalenceTranslationinvolvesmessagetransmissionbetweentwolanguagesandcultures.ThedefinitionoftranslationproposedbyNidashowsthattranslationisnotonlyrelatedtoequivalenceoflexicalmeaning,butalsotheequivalenceoftextconnotationandstyle,whilemessagetransmissionincludessurfacelexicalmessageanddeepculturalmessage.Functionalequivalencemainlycontainsfourlevels:lexicalequivalence,syntacticequivalence,contextualequivalenceandculturalequivalence.2.2.1LexicalequivalenceThemeaningofawordliesinitsusageinlanguage.Intranslationactivities,itishardtofindthecorrespondingmeaningintargetlanguage.Forexample,“Anappleaday,keepsthedoctoraway”,both“apple”and“doctor”haveseveralmeaningswithoutaconcretecontext.Therefore,wecanunderstandthissentenceintwodifferentways:(1)Onecankeephealthybyeatinganappleeveryday;(2)OnecannotgetadoctordegreewithplayinganiPhoneeveryday.2.2.2SyntacticequivalenceSyntacticequivalenceisbasedonthefoundationoflexicalequivalenceandmorecomplicatedthanlexicalequivalencebecausedifferenttargetlanguages,numberandtenseshouldbetakenintoconsiderationinsentencetranslationactivities.Thus,thetranslatorshouldbeclearaboutdifferentgrammarsofdifferentlanguages.2.2.3ContextualequivalenceandculturalequivalenceContextualequivalenceconsistsofthreeparts,passageequivalence,sceneequivalenceandculturalequivalence.Infact,culturalequivalenceisthemostimportantthingintranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayings.Thereareagreatnumberofreasons,suchasdifferentbackgrounds,languagebarriersandsoon.Forexample,山中無老虎——猴子稱霸王(Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay).Thereisnonecessaryrelationshipbetween“tiger”and“monkey”inthewesternculture,thereforeitisabigmistakeifthetranslatortakestheculturalequivalenceoutofconsiderationandtranslatesthistwo-partallegoticsayingslikethis,(Whenthetigerisaway,themonkeyistheking).Anyway,inordertobeagreattranslator,peopleshouldtrytheirbesttoovercomeanydifficultyandtoachievethegoalofculturalequivalencetranslation.

=3\*ROMANIII.InfluentialFactorandMethodsofTwo-partAllegoricSayingsTranslationInthispart,sometwo-partallegoticsayingstranslationmethodsareprovided,butbeforethatitisnecessarytodiscusstheinfluentialfactorsoftwo-partallegoticsayingstranslation.3.1InfluenceofCulturalFactorUponTwo-partAllegoricSayingsTranslationNowadays,manyforeignersareenthusiasticaboutlearningChineselanguageandChineseculture.However,two-partallegoticsayings,asapartofChineseculture,isnotsopopularamongforeigncountriesbecausemanyforeignerscannotunderstandtwo-partallegoticsayingsintheirownthoughts.Whydoessuchanembarrassingsituationappear?AsfarasIamconcerned,somebarriersintwo-partallegoticsayingstranslationleadtothatproblem.InordertosolvethatproblemandspreadChinesecultureintothewholeworldbetter,itisimportantfortranslatorstohaveagoodknowledgeoftheinfluentialfactorsofTwo-partallegoticsayingstranslation.Two-partallegoticsayingsbelongstoapartofChineseculture,soformmypointofview,themostimportantinfluentialfactorupontranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayingsisculturalfactor.In1871,thefamousBritishanthropologistEdwardBTaylordefined“culture”as“thecomplexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,morals,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety”(Richard&Levine1984:41).Mosttwo-partallegoticsayingscontainculturalconnotation,sotranslatorsshouldmakeouttherealmeaningofcultural-loadedwordsandexpressions.Take狗戴帽子——裝人(adogwearingacap—pretendingtobeahumanbeing(aninsult)forexample,ifthetranslatordoesnotexplainitisaninsult,manyforeignersmaybeconfusedbecause“dog”means“goodfriends”or“somethinggood”inwesternculture,whichisabigdifferenceinChineseculture.Inaddition,eachcountryhasformeditsowncustomsduringtheirrespectivehistoryprocess.Withalongsplendidhistory,Chinesepeoplehavedevelopedtheirowncustomsandconventions,whichconstitutesomedistinctivefeaturesofitslanguage.Suchas,三十晚上貼“?！弊帧怪N(pastingupthecharacter“fu”ontheNewYear'sEve—pastedupsidedown).ThisreferstotheChinesecustomofpastingthecharacter“fu”(blessing)upsidedowntoelicittheremark“nidefudaole”,whichmeansyourgoodluckhasarrived.Moreover,therearesuchlanguageitemsthathavethesameorsimilarliteralmeaning,butdifferentconnotationsorassociativemeaningsbetweenChineseandEnglishculture.Asiswell-knowntoChinese,“狗”，anegativewordwhichisoftenusedasaninsultingcommentonpeople,butthemeaningof“dog”inEnglishmostlyisapositivewordwhichmeans“agoodthing”,suchas“topdog”,“l(fā)uckydog”.Consequently,onaccountofthedifferenceincustoms,sometimes,itisnecessarytoaddsomeexplanationsforforeigners'comprehensionofChineseculturalconnotationsintranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayings.What'smore,thedifferenceofreligionamongdifferentnationsisalsoanimportantfactorofthetranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayings.Fromtimeimmemorial,ChinesepeoplehavebelievedinBuddhismforthousandyears.ThereforeChineseculturewillbemuchrelatedtoBuddhisminevitably.However,Christianityisembracedinmostofthewestcountries.Thus,communicationbarriersmaycomeintobeingduringthetranslationofreligiousTwo-partallegoticsayings.Forinstance,泥菩薩過河——自身難保(likeaclayidolfordingariver—hardlyabletosaveitself),小和尚念經(jīng)——有口無心(ayoungBuddhistmonkrecitingscriptures—notbeingawarewhathereallymeans).Itisquitehardforforeignerstounderstandtherealmeaningsofthosetwo-partallegoticsayingswithoutaawarenessofChinesereligion.3.2MethodsofTwo-partAllegoricSayingsTranslationTwo-partallegoticsayingsasaspeciallanguagehasitsownuniquecharacteristics.However,thetranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayingshasstillbeenaproblem.Whatkindoftranslationcanmaketwo-partallegoticsayingsbeeasilyunderstoodbythetargetlanguagereaders?Howtoreproducetheimagesofthesourcelanguagereadersinthemindsofforeigners?Howtoachievetheequivalenceeffect?Thosequestionsarewhatwearegoingtosolve.Themethodsoftwo-partallegoticsayingstranslationareasfollows:3.2.1LiteralTranslationLiteraltranslationreferstoamethodthatputsthefaithfulnesstotheoriginalcontentinthefirstplace,thefaithfulnesstotheoriginalforminthesecondplace,thefluenttranslationforminthethirdplace(許淵沖1978,translatedbytheauthor).Literaltranslationcannotonlyreproducethemeaningoftheoriginaltextbutalsokeepthesourcelanguageformanditsvividmetaphorandimagedescription.Literaltranslationcanmakethereaderoftargetlanguagebetterknowthecultureofsourcelanguage.Literaltranslationisoftenusedintwo-partallegoticsayingstranslationbecausetherearesomecommonfeaturesbetweenChineseandEnglish.Thatistosay,someChinesetwo-partallegoticsayingscanfindtheircorrespondingexpressionsinEnglish.Thus,literaltranslationcanbeusedwhenthetwoexpressionsareequivalentinbothculture.Wecanseesomeexampleasfollows:(1)芝麻開花——節(jié)節(jié)高Asesamestalkputsforthblossomsnotchhigherandhigher—risingsteadily.(2)千里送鵝毛——禮輕情意重Tosendthefeatherofaswanonethousandli—thegiftinitselfmaybeinsignificant,butthegoodwillisdeep.(3)泥菩薩過河——自身難保Likeaclayidolfordingariver—hardlyabletosaveitself(陳軍2009).Insuchkindoftwo-partallegoticsayingsaslistedabove,bothtargetlanguagereadersandsourcelanguagereaderssharethesameorsimilarmeaningsofthosewords.Thus,thetargetaudiencecouldgetsimilarcontextualinformationabouttheoriginaltextwithoutanyeffort.3.2.2FreeTranslationFreetranslationisemployedforthepurposeofexpressingtheoriginalmeaninginsteadofreproducingtheoriginalsentencestructureorrhetoricaldevices.“Freetranslationmeansgivinguptheoriginalvehicleorimageandmakingefforttofindanproperwaytoexpresstheintendedmeaningoftheoriginal”(譚衛(wèi)國(guó)2005:18).Freetranslationputsthefaithfulnesstotheoriginalcontentinthefirstplace,thefluenttranslationforminthesecondplace,ratherthanstickstotheoriginalform(許淵沖1978,translatedbytheauthor).Inotherwords,freetranslationpaysmoreattentiontocontentratherthanforminthetranslatingfromthesourcelanguagetothetargetlanguage.Formoftheoriginal,includingsentencestructureandmetaphor,couldnotbetakenintoaccountinfreetranslation,butitdosenotmeanthatthetranslatorcouldomitoraddcontenttothetargettext.Freetranslationrequiresthetranslatortoknowthecultureofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage.Freetranslationmethodisoftenusedintranslatingsometwo-partallegoticsayings,especiallythosethatcontainrhetoricaldevices,suchas:(4)我這人說話向來是“袖筒里入棒槌”——直出直入Ihavealwaysbeenspeakingfranklyandtothepoint(5)一切似乎都是外甥打燈籠——照舅（舊）Thingsseemedtobethesameasbefore(韓慶果2002).3.2.3CombinationofLiteralandFreeTranslationWangZuoliangsays“Agoodtranslatorisalwaysdonebyliteraltranslationaswellasfreetranslation”(奚永吉2001:950).Justaseverycoinhastwosides,bothliteralandfreetranslationshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.Literaltranslationalwayskeepstheoriginalforms,stylesandimages,thusprovidestheoriginalculturetothetargetlanguagereaders.Whileinsomecasesliteraltranslationmayleadtomisunderstanding.Atthistime,itisnecessarytocombineliteraltranslationandfreetranslationtomakeabettertranslation.Suchas:(6)卷起袖子抓刺猬——棘手Rollingupone’ssleevestocatchahedgehog—athornyjob(7)殺雞給猴看——?dú)⒁毁影貹illingthechickentofrightenthemonkey—punishingsomeoneasawarningtoothers(韓慶果2002).3.2.4LoanTranslationAloantranslationisatypeofborrowingfromanotherlanguageinwhichtheelementsofaforeignwordareassumedtobetranslatedliterallybycorrespondingelementsinanotherlanguage.TherearesomanydifferencesbetweentheChinesecharactersandEnglishwordsthatthetranslatorhastochangetheoriginalimagewhichisdifficulttounderstandintoafamiliaronetothetargetreaderssometimes.Whenthathappens,theloantranslationmethodisused.Therearemanyexamplesasfollows:(8)冰凍三尺——非一日之寒Romewasnotbuiltinaday(9)老王賣瓜——自賣自夸Nomancries“stinkyfish”(10)貓哭耗子——假慈悲Acatcryingoveramouse’smisfortune—shammercy/Toshedcrocodiletears(石延芳2012).Asforexample(10),dueto“cat”isnotaevilbutalovelypetinforeigners’eyesandEnglishculture,sotheTwo-partallegoticsayings“貓哭耗子——假慈悲”maynotbeunderstoodwellbyforeignreaderswhenitisusedliteraltranslationmethodliketheformer.However,thelatterisusedtheloantranslationmethod,“crocodiletears”notonlyexpressthemeaningofthetwo-partallegoticsayingsbutalsocaneasilybeacceptedbyforeigners.(11)山中無老虎——猴子稱大王1)Whenthetigerisawayfromthemountain—themonkeycallshimselftheking2)Inthekingdomoftheblind,theone-eyedisking3)Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay(石延芳2012).Thefirstoneisliteraltranslation,aseveryknows,“tiger”isthekingofanimalsinChineseculture,butthekingofanimalsinEnglishcultureis“l(fā)ion”.Inaddition,themonkeyinEnglishcultureisnotascleverasthatinChineseculture.Astothesecondandthethirdones,loantranslationmethodisemployedandtheirmeaningsaresimilartotheoriginalone.Moreover,suchexpressionscaneasilybeunderstoodbytargetlanguagereaders.Inaword,loantranslationismoresuitablefortranslatingthiskindoftwo-partallegoticsayings.3.2.5Annotation Aseveryknows,two-partallegoticsayingsisdeeplyoriginatedwithcolorfulChinesecultureandChinesehistorybackground.Thus,inordertointroducetwo-partallegoticsayingstoforeignreadersbetter,someannotationsareneededintwo-partallegoticsayingstranslation.Forexample:(12)王羲之寫字——橫豎都好AcharacteroutofWangXizhi’shand—verticalstrokesareasgoodashorizontalones(likeWangXizhi’scalligraphy,itisgoodineveryway)(許家群2010:76).WangXizhiwasafamousChinesecalligrapherandaChinesecharacterusuallyconsistsofsomestrokeswhicharemainlycomposedofverticalandhorizontalones.“橫豎”herecanbeunderstoodintwoways:1)Thehorizontalandverticalstrokes;2)nomatterwhathewrote,isagoodcharacteranyway.(13)豬八戒戴眼鏡——假斯文ZhuBajiewearingapairofglasses—pretendingtobeagood-manneredscholar(likeZhuBajiewearingapairofglasses,thewearerispretendingtobeagood-manneredscholar;apretentiouscivilizedact)(許家群2010:37).AsmostoftheChineseknow,wearingapairofglassesisasymbolofascholarinChineseculture.Thus,ifapersonisalwaysrudeandimpolitebutpretendstobegentleandgood-manneredtootherssometimes,peoplewillsaythatheisnotarealscholarbutafakewiththepurposeofpretendingtobeagood-manneredscholar.JustlikeZhuBajie,oneofthemostimportantcharactersofJourneytotheWest,whoseimageisfarfromthatofagood-manneredscholarthoughhewearsapairofglasses.(14)咸菜燒豆腐——有鹽在先(有言在先)Saltedvegetableswithbeancurd—thereissaltatthebeginning(therearewordsbeforehand)(許家群2010:38).Thereisapuninthetwo-partallegoticsayings,“言”(word)and“鹽”(salt)areapairofhomophones,imaginethatwithouttheexplanationwhichtellsthereaderstherearesomeagreementsorpromisesbeforesomeonedoingsomething,readersarenotlikelytounderstandwhatthistwo-partallegoticsayingsreallymean.3.2.6PartialTranslationInsometwo-partallegoticsayings,theimageorthemetaphorisveryeasytobeunderstoodbythetargetlanguagereaders,whentranslating,itisonlynecessarytotranslatethefirstpart.Forexample:(15)咳！這一來，竹籃打水——一場(chǎng)空了！Ah!Weweredrawingwaterinabamboobasket(陳軍2009).Partialtranslationisusedinthetwo-partallegoticsayingsmentionedabove,theimagessuchas“basket”and“water”andtheirmeaningsaresoeasytobeunderstoodthatalmosteveryoneknowstheresultofgettingwaterwithabamboobasket.Therefore,itisunnecessarytotranslatethesecondpart.3.2.7UseofAllusionsTherearemanytwo-partallegoticsayingscontainallkindsofallusionswhichthetargetlanguagereadersmayknownothingaboutthem,thusabriefintroductiontotheallusionisneededforabettercomprehensionoftargetlanguageaudiences.Forexample:(16)宋襄公失敗的教訓(xùn)——對(duì)敵人不能講仁慈ThelessonlearnedbyDukeXiangofSongfromhisdefeat—oneshouldnotbebenevolenttotheenemy.(DukeXiangofSongwasoneofthefeudallordsintheSpringandAutumnperiod.Onceheallowedtheenemytocrossariverratherthanattackthemintheriver.Asaaresult,theenemydefeatedandfatallywoundedhimfinally)(溫端政1985:35).周瑜打黃蓋——一個(gè)愿打，一個(gè)愿挨ThatisZhouYubeatingHuangGai—shillfuliygivenbyoneandgladiltakenbyyheother.(ZhouYuandHuangGai,bothwereguneralsoftheKingdomofWuwhichwereinvolvedinwarintheperiodoftheThreeKingdoms(211-265).ZhouYucruellybeatandthensentHuangGai,hisclosecomrade-in-arms,totheenemycampinordertowinthebattlebydeceivingtheenemy)(許家群2010:78).Allusionisinthiskindoftwo-partallegoticsayings,givingabriefintroductiontothisstorycanhelpthereadersunderstandthetwo-partallegoticsayingsbetter.Inaddition,suchkindoftwo-partallegoticsayingscanarouseforeigners’interestinlearningChineseculture.

ConclusionTwo-partallegoticsayings,asapartofChineselanguageandChineseculture,itsuniquestyleandhumorousexpressionsmakeitpopularamonghomeandbroad.Itisnoteasyforthetranslatortotranslatetwo-partallegoticsayingsaccuratelyduetosomanyculturalandlinguisticdifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish.Accordingtothisresearch,thispaperisaboutthetranslationoftwo-partallegoticsayings,intheguidanceoffunctionalequivalencetheory.Therefore,itisvitaltointroduceTwo-partallegoticsayingsitselfanditsguidingtheoryfunctionalequivalence.Attheverybeginning,theauthorintroducedsomebasicinformationabouttwo-partallegoticsayingsincludingitsdefinition,classifications,characteristicsandfunctions.Inthisway,thereaderscanhaveageneralunders