2020年甘肅定西中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中考試試卷及參考答案

2020年甘肅定西中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中考試試卷及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ATheInternethasrevolutionizedourlivestosuchanextent（程度）thatformostpeople,theglobalnetworkhasbecomemorethanjustatoolbutratheranimportantaidineverydaylife.MoreandmorepeoplegoonlineaswirelessnetworkshavebroughttheInternetcloserandcloser:it’sonourmobilephones,inourcarsandTVsets,inhospitalsurgeryroomsandinfishingboatsthatbattlethewavesoftheAtlantic.Andthisrevolutionhasbroughtalongwithitanewwayofshopping.Bothbigandsmall,e-businesswebsiteshavefloodedtheInternetbythehundredsofthousands.Anythingyoucanbuyfromabrickandmortarstore（實(shí)體店）youcanalsobuyonline:fromfoodandclothestotoys,nomatterwhatyou’relookingfor,you’reboundtofindtherightonlinestorewithjustafewclicksofthemouse.YoucanusetheInternettofindnewsuppliers,postbuyingrequestsorsearchforproductsandservices.Thisrevolutionhasaffectedbrickandmortarbusinessownersgreatly.Andwhatwastheirreaction?They’veopenedonlinestorestogohandinhandwiththeirconventionalbusiness.Butdothebigplayershavereasonstobeafraid?Arewegoingtostartseeingghostly,desertedWalmarts（沃爾瑪）acrossthecountry?Probablynotinthenearfuturebutthedaywillcomewhenmostpeoplewilljuststopshoppingofflineanymore.AtriptoWalmartwastestime,burnsgas.Therecentadvancementsinmobiletechnologyandtheintroductionofmobilephoneswithenhanced（提高的）webcapabilitieshaveevenmadesomepeopleordertheirgrocerieswhentheygetoutfromworkandhavethemdeliveredattheirdoorstepbythetimetheygethome.Andas“Timeismoney”,thispracticeislifesavingforpeoplewhoworktwojobs.Technologywillcontinuetoadvanceande-businesswillfollowcloselyinitsfootsteps.Everythingwillbecomeeasierandlesstimeconsuming,leavingusmoretimetoenjoythethingsthatreallymatterinlife:theoneswelove,ourfriendsandhobbies.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?Thepopularityofmobilephones.ThegreatinfluenceoftheInternet.TheimportanceoftheInternet.Thefunctionoftheglobalnetwork.Inresponsetothethreatofonlinebusiness,thebrick-and-mortarstoreowners .havestoppedtheirtraditionalbusinesshavestartedtheirdislikeoftheInternethaveestablishedtheirownwebsiteD.haveopenedtheironlinestoresWhatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?ANewWayofShopping.B.TheInternetRevolution.WhatistheReactiontoOnlineShopping?IsOnlineShoppingtheFutureofE-business?BContrarytothelong-heldbeliefthatplantsinthenaturalworldarealwaysincompetition,newresearchhasfoundthatinsevereenvironmentsadultplantshelpsmalleronesandgrowwellasaresult.Theresearch,ledbyDrRocio,studiedadultandseedling（幼苗）plantsintheecologicaldesertinthesouth-eastofSpain.DrRociosaid,“Ifyou'reaseedlinginapoorland—thetopofamountainorasandhill,forexample-andyou’reluckyenoughtoendupunderneathabigplant,yourchancesofsurvivalarecertainlybetterthanifyoulandedsomewhereonyourown.Whatwehavefound,whichwassurprising,isanestablishedlargeplant,calleda‘nurse’,protectsaseedling;italsoproducesmoreflowersthanthesameplantsofsimilarlargesizegrowingontheirown.”O(jiān)therbenefitsofnurse-seedlingpartnershipsincludethatmorevarietyofplantsgrowingtogethercanhaveapositiveeffectontheenvironment.Forexample,vegetationareaswithnurseplantswithmoreflowersmightbeabletoattracthighernumbersofpollinators（傳粉者）inanarea,inturnsupportinginsectandsoillifeandevenprovideagreaterrangeofdifferentfruittypesforbirdsandotheranimals.“Thebiggestwinnerforthissystemofnursingaplantisbiodiversity（生物多樣性）,”DrRociosaid.“Themorebiodiverseanarea,thegreaternumberofspeciesofplants,insectlife,mammalsandbirds,andthebetterthechancesoflong-termhealthyfunctioningoftheenvironmentandecosystems.”Thissystemiswin-winforadultandseedlingplantsinunfavorableenvironments.Theresearchisofvaluetothosewhomanageandprotectplantsintoughenvironments.Mosthomegardenersandfarmersplantoensuretheirsoilandconditionsarethebesttheycanbeforplantgrowth,butthefindingsmightbeofvaluetothosewhogardeninbareplaces.Whatisacommonunderstandingofplants?A.Theycanhelpeachother. B.Theycansurviveillconditions.C.Theycompetewitheachother. D.Theygrowwellontheirown.Whatwillhappentoseedlingplantsiftheygrowunderadultplants?A.Theywillproducemoreflowers. B.Theywilldieowingtocompetition.C.Theywillmakeadultplantslarger. D.Theywillgetsupportfromadultplants.Whatistheeffectofthenurse-seedlingpartnership?Itleadstounfavorableenvironments.Itproduceslong-termhealthychances.Itattractshigherandlargerpollinators.DItprovidesamorevarietyofplanttypes.Whowillbenefitfromthenewresearch?Peoplestudyingorganicfarming.Peopleprotectingplantsonsandhills.Peoplewantingtochangebiodiversity.Peoplekeepingmoreanimalsonthefarm.CGettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthingHowever,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,kingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemerit（優(yōu)點(diǎn)）ofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist（免疫學(xué)家），encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause.theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmenttheythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayintheyconsideredbathingascauseofskindiseaseTheybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV’sattitudetobathing?A.Curious B.Afraid C.Approving D.UninterestedHowdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?A.Byfollowingtheorderoftime. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byprovidingexamples D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassages?Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.Tostresstheroleofdirt.DThisyearresearchersexpecttheworldtosnap1.35trillionphotographs,orabout3.7billionperday.Allthosepixels（像素）takeupalotofroomiftheyarestoredonpersonalcomputersorsphones,whichisonereasonwhymanypeoplestoretheirimagesinthecloud.Butunlikeahardondrivewhichcanbeencryptedtoprotectitsdata,cloudstorageusershavetotrustthatatechplatformwillkeeptheirprivatepicturessafe.NowateamofColumbiaUniversitycomputerscientistshasdevelopedatooltoencrypt（加密）imagesstoredonmanypopularcloudserviceswhileallowingauthorizeduserstobrowseanddisplaytheirphotographsasusual.Malicious（惡意的）attemptstoaccessorleakcloud-basedphotographscanexposepersonalinformation.InNovember2019,forexample,abuginthepopularphotographstorageappGooglePhotosmistakenlysharedsomeusers'privatevideoswithstrangers.Securityexpertsalsoworryaboutemployeesatcloudstoragecompaniesonpurposeaccessingusers'images.SotheColumbiaresearcherscameupwithasystemcalledEasySecurePhotos(ESP),whichtheypresentedatarecentconference.“Wewantedtoseeifwecouldmakeitpossibletoencryptdatawhileusingexistingservices,”sayscomputerscientistJasonNieh,oneofthedevelopersofESP.“EveryonewantstostaywithGooglePhotosandnothavetoregisteronanewencrypted-imagecloudstorageservice.”Toovercomethisproblem,theycreatedatoolthatpreservesblocksofpixelsbutmovesthemaroundtoeffectivelyhidethephotograph.First,ESP'salgorithm(算法)dividesaphotographintothreeseparatefiles,eachonecontainingtheimage'sred,greenorbluecolor1data.Thenthesystemhidesthepixelblocksaroundamongthesethreefiles(allowingablockfromtheredfile,forinstance,tohideoutinthegreenorblueones).Buttheprogramdoesnothingwithinthepixelblocks,wherealltheimageprocessinghappens.Asaresult,thefilesremainunchangedimagesbutenduplookinglikegrainyblack-and-whiteonestoanyonewhoaccessesthemwithoutthedecryption(解密)key.What'sprobablythemainpurposeforpeopletostoreimagesinthecloud?A.Tosavestorageroom. B.Tomakephotosbeautiful.C.Totryanewstorageway. D.Tokeeptheirprivacysafe.Whymightemployeesincloudstoragecompaniesbedistrustedbyexperts?Theysellusers'passwords.Theyhaveinventednewtools.Theyoftenletoutpersonalinformation.Theymaystealaglanceatusers'images.What'stheadvantageofESP?Itcanprovideclearimages.Itcandecreasetheuploadtime.Itcanclassifyimagesautomatically.Itcanencryptdataontheoriginalplatform.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Methodofdecryption. B.Image-processingtechnique.C.Separatefilesofimages. D.Dataanalysisofcolor1s.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)RulesforpropergiftgivingWhenyouareplanningtogiveagift,itisimportanttothinkaboutthereceiver.Asthegiftisfortheotherperson,itshouldbesuitableforhisorherparticularpersonality.Isheorsheafamilymemberoraclosefriend? 16 Thesearevaluablethingstokeepinmindwhenchoosingtherightgiftforsomeone.Atadinnerparty,itisusuallypropertoshowupwithsomesortofgratitude（感謝）forthehost. 17 Thistypeofgiftdoesnothavetobeexpensive.Itjustneedstobesomethingthatcanserveasasignofappreciation.Thiscanbedoneintheformofflowersorabottleofwine.Whensomeonegivesyouagift,yougenerallywanttogiveoneinreturn. 18 Therearesituationswherepeoplegivegiftsanddonotexpectanythinginreturn.Thisoccurswhenyouarecelebratingyourbirthdayorgraduation.Ifyoureceivegiftsfromyourfriends,thenjustathank-younotewillbeenough.Wheninasituationwhereyouhavereceivedsomethingexpensiveandareexpectedtogiveoneinreturn,manypeoplefeelpressuredtogiveagiftofgreaterorequalvaluetotheonethatwasgiftedtothem.However,itisimportanttodistanceyourselffromtheseassumptions. 19 Well,whatshouldyoudowhenyouhaveforgottentosendagift?Ithappenstoallofus.Whetheritisafamilymember’sbirthdayorafriend’sgraduationceremony,forgettingtogiveagiftisawkward.So,itcanbedifficulttofindtherightwaytomakeupforforgetfulness.However,beforeyoubegintopanic,knowthatalategiftisbetterthannogift. 20 However,thisisnotalwaysthecase.Doyouhavetogiveagifttoyourfriends?Giftsshouldbetiedtomeaninginsteadofdollarvalue.InEasterncultures,giftsaregivenbeforetheguestleaves.Doesheorsheenjoybiggiftsorpreferabunchofflowers?So,sendyourgiftwithanapologeticnoteandallshouldbeforgiven.Theyhaveinvitedyouovertotheirhomeandthatshouldbeacknowledged.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Whendoyoustickwithsomethingevenifyou’renotthebestatit?WhenpeoplefindoutmysonSamisa（n） 21 mathlete,theyusuallyaskifmyhusbandandIare“mathpeople”.Theanswerisdefinitelynot.Sam’sdoneprettywell 22 hisparentsaren’tmathpeople.ButsometimesIwishIwasamathpersonsoIcouldhelphimoratleastgivehimbetter 23 .Ninthgradewas 24 forSam,math-wise.Heleftthe 25 ofmiddleschoolmath,wherehewaskindofabigfish,andstarted 26 withthehighschoolkids.Inthemostrecentcompetition,hedidn’tdoaswellashe’dhopedandwas 27 byamathcamphe’dappliedto.He’dsetahighgoalforhimselfandhadn’tquite 28 it.He 29 intomyofficeonedaylastweek,clearlydiscouraged.“Idon’tknowwhyIdidn’tdobetter,”hesaid, 30 onachair.“MaybeIshouldjust 31 .I’mnotgoodenough.”Iknewhowhefelt.Thethought 32 usall-thatwejustaren’tgoodenough,andthatallourhardworkwon’t 33 intheendandwecan’tturnour 34 intosuccess.Idon’thaveananswerforSam.Iamstill 35 .Howto 36 difficulty,disappointment,rejection,boredom.Howtocommitourselvestosomethingbecauseit’sbeautifulandworthourwhile,notbecausewe’re 37 we’llsucceed.“Maybeyou’renot,”Isaid,lookingatmyson.Tome,heisincredibleandaccomplished,butIknowheis 38 bydoubtjustlikeanyone.“ButI,forone,don’tthinkthat’sbeendecidedyet.”Todevotetimetosomethingwithnoguaranteeofits 39 isriskyandterrifying.But,thenagain, 40 iseverything.Andwedon’tneedtobeamathpersontoknowthat.21.A.competitiveB.sensitiveC.generousD.anxious22.A.unlessB.becauseC.consideringD.providing23.A.lifeB.adviceC.solutionD.taste24.A.interestingB.attractiveC.boringD.tough25.A.principleB.worldC.testD.age26.A.runningB.travellingC.swimmingD.hunting27.A.admittedB.receivedC.caughtD.rejected28.A.scoredB.reachedC.pursuedD.managed29.A.stoleB.marchedC.wanderedD.jogged30.A.sinkingB.lyingC.slidingD.hiding31.A.struggleB.experienceC.tryD.quit32.A.interruptsB.discouragesC.limitsD.suits33.A.mindB.occurC.matterD.differ34.A.effortB.luckC.supportD.belief35.A.practicingB.riskingC.sufferingD.learning36.A.bringupB.gooverC.pushthroughD.turndownA.certainB.happyC.optimisticD.anxiousA.warnedB.troubledC.destroyedD.guidedA.qualityB.shelterC.virtueD.successA.soB.norC.suchD.it第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式TheLanternFestivalfalls 41. thefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Thisisthefirstfullmoonofthenewyear,representingunityandperfection.Thisfestivalalsomarksthe 42. （office）endofthelongholiday.Therearemanylegends（傳說(shuō)）,relatedtotheoriginsoftheLanternFestival.Accordingtoonelegend,onceinancienttimes,acelestial（天堂的）swancameintothehumanworld43.itwasshotdownbyhunter.TheJadeEmperor（玉皇大帝）,the44.（high）godinHeavenwasangryaboutthis.He 45. （plan）anattackontheearthonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonthwithorderstodestroyallpeopleandanimals.Buttheothercelestials（神仙） 46. （agree）withhimandriskedtheirlives 47. （warn）thepeopleoftheearth.As 48. result,beforeandafterthefifteenthdayofthefirs