英語閱讀理解專題訓練題

閱讀理解是英語能力培養(yǎng)的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關(guān)信息的加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標志是閱讀速度和理解力的正確率。因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。多分析題型，多了解考點，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。-廣東2007年考題要求考生能讀懂書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等,并能從中獲取相關(guān)的信息。-1、理解主旨和要義-2、理解文中的具體位置-3、根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義4、作出判斷和推理-5、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)6、理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度因此有關(guān)閱讀理解題目命題類主要有以下幾種：主旨大意型2.事實細節(jié)型3.詞義猜測型4.推理判斷型一、主旨大意題 (做題要領(lǐng))干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節(jié)。干擾項 可能屬從文中某些(不完全的)事實或細節(jié)片面推出的錯誤結(jié)論。干擾項可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。(正確答案)是根據(jù)文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過其實或以偏概全。主旨大意題的常見的提問形式：WhatdoesthewritermainlytellusWhichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistextWhichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaWhichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext6)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage二、 事實細節(jié)型健題原則：忠實于原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點,事實細節(jié)是論據(jù)或主要理由；有關(guān)細節(jié)的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節(jié)及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。在閱讀理解中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節(jié)問題常有以下幾種命題方式：WhichofthefollowingstatementistrueWhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetextTheauthor(orthepassage)statesthat.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)三、 詞義猜測型同義法常在詞或短語之間有并列連詞nd或or,它們連接的兩項內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此可以推測。反義法如hotandcold,giveandreceive?，或前句為肯定，后句為否定?？傊~與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。釋義法對文章中的生詞用定語(從句)表語甚至于用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出并加以解釋說明。情景推斷法、代詞替代法等做題要領(lǐng)1） 文中找線索或信息詞；2） 根據(jù)熟悉的詞及詞義判斷新單詞之意；3） 根據(jù)上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中確切意思。四、推理判斷型推理判斷題：高考重頭戲，著重考查學生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，領(lǐng)悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態(tài)度等。以原文內(nèi)容為前提，據(jù)作者的觀點理論（非考生觀點），客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推理判斷題（做題要領(lǐng)）既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章?隱含意思，又要求學生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷.力求從作者的角度去考慮.不要固守自己的看法或觀點。推理判斷型常見的命題方式有：Thepassageimplies（暗示）that.Wecanconclude（得出結(jié)論）fromthepassagethat.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred（推論）Whatisthetone（語氣）oftheauthorWhatisthepurpose（目的）ofthispassageThepassageisintendedto.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear英語閱讀理解專題訓練題AWhenpeoplewanttoknowabouttheweather,theyusuallygotothereradios,TVs,newspapers,ortotheInternet.However,youcanalsofindmanyweathersignsamongwildlife,becauseoftheirhighlydevelopedsenses.Dropsinairpressure（壓力）produceaneffectonsmallanimalsinmanyways.Miceanddeeraregoodweatherindicators.Peoplewhospendalotoftimeoutdoorshaveobservedthat,beforeastorm,fieldmicecomeoutoftheirholesandrunaround,Deerleavehighgroundandcomedownfromthemountains.Birdsareespeciallygoodweatherindicatorsbecausetheyalsoshowtheeffectofapressuredropinmanyways.Forexample,somebirdsbecomeirritable（急躁的）andquarrelsomeandwillfightoverapieceofbread.Otherbirdschirp嘰嘰喳喳）andsingjustbeforeastorm.Itseemstheyknowtheywontgetanotherchanceforanbourontwo.Birdsalsoseeksafeplacesbeforeastorm,Youwillsometimesseebirdssettlingintreesorgatheringtogetheronawireclosetoabuilding.Pre-stormlowpressuremakesthearesothinthatbirdshavedifficultyflying.Itisunusualtoseemanybirdsflyingoverheadinthesummertime,ratherthanduringtheperiodsinthespringorautumn.Watchforotherweathersignsifyouseethis.Iftheyflyinthewrongdirection,theymaybeflyingaheadofastorm.Bypayingcloserattentiontosomeimportantsignsinnature,wecanbecomebetterpreparedforanykindofweather.word“indicators”inparagraphIprobablymeans.maps B.services C.signs D.stationsTherewillbeastormifbirds.makemorenoisethanusual B.flyindifferentdirectionsC.comedownfromtalltrees D.shareapieceofbreadHowcanbirdssensethecomingofastormByfeelingadropinairtemperature.Bynoticingthechangeofwinddirections.Byfeelingadropinairpressure.Bynoticingthemovementsofotheranimals.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe.SignsofaStorm B.DropsinAirPressureC.Animals’SharpSenses D.Nature’sWeatherSignsBWhatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowupAteacherAdoctorHowaboutanice-creamtasterYes,therereallyisajobwhereyoucangetpaidtotasteice-cream.JustaskJohnHarrison,an“OfficialTasteTester”forthepast21years.Testinghelpsmanufacturerstobesureofaproductsquality.DuringhiscareerHarrisonhasbeenresponsibleforapprovinglargequantitiesofthesweeticecrea—aswellasfordevelopingover75flavors（味道）.Somepeoplethinkthatitwouldbeeasytodothisjob,afterall,youjusthavetolikeicecream,rightNo—there’smoretothejobthanthat,saysHarrison,whohasadegreeinchemistry.Hepointsoutthatadairyorfood-sciencedegreewouldbeveryusefultosomeonewantingacareerinthis"cool”field.Inatypicalmorningonthejob,Harrisontastesandassesses60ice-creamsamples.Heletstheicecreamwarmuptoabout切Harrisonexplains,“Yougetmoreflavorfromwarmericecream,whichiswhysomekidsliketostirit,creating■一一一一―刀ice-creamsoup.Whiletheicecreamwarmsup,Harrisonlooksoverthesamplesandgradeseachoneonitsappearance.“Tastingbeginswiththeeyes,heexplains.Hecheckstoseeiftheicecreamisattractiveandaskshimself,“Doestheproducthavethecolorexpectedfromthatflavor”Nextit’stimetotaste!Continuingtothinkupnewideas,tryoutnewflavors,andtestsamplesfromsomanykindsoficecreameachdaykeepsHarrisonbusybuthappy—workingatonecooljob.WhatisJohnHarrison’sjobAnofficial. B.Anice-creamtaster.C.Achemist. D.Anice-creammanufacturer.AccordingtoJohnHarrison,tobequalifiedinthe“coolfield”,itishelpfulto.A. keepadiaryofwork B. haveadegreeinrelatedsubjectsC. havenewideaseveryday D. findoutnewflavorseachdayWhatdoesHarrisondofirstwhentestingicecreamA. Hestirstheicecream. B. Heexaminesthecoloroftheicecream.C.Hetastestheflavoroftheicecream.D.Heletstheicecreamwarmup.WhichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleofthepassageA.TastingwithEyesC.JohnHarrison’sLifeFlavorsofIceCreamA.TastingwithEyesC.JohnHarrison’sLifeFlavorsofIceCreamD.OneCoolJobLyinginthesunonarock,thecougar美洲豹)sawJebandhissonTombeforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar,Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholethingtoo.JebgraspedTomandheldhimacrosshisbody,makingacross.Nowthecougar’senemylookedevenbigger,anditroseup,readytomoveaway,butunfortunatelyTomgotscaredandstruggledfreeofJeb.“Tom,no”shoutedhisfather.ButTombrokeandranandthat’sthelastthingyoudowithacougar.ThesecondTombrokefree,Jebthrewhimselfonthecougar,justasitjumpedfromtherock.Theyhiteachotherinmid-airandbothfell,ThecougarwasonJebinaflash,forgettingaboutTom,whichwaswhatJebwanted.Cougarsarenotasbigasmostpeoplethinkandadeterminedmanstandsachance,evenwithjusthisfists.Asthecougar’sclaws(爪子gotintohisleftshoulder,Jebswunghisfistatitseyesandhithard.Theanimalhowled吼叫)andputitsheadback.Jebfollowedupwithhisotherfist.Thenoutofthecornerofhiseye,JebsawTom.Theboywasrunningbacktohelphisfather.“Knife,Tom,”shoutedJeb.Theboyrantohisfather’sbag,whileJebstartedshoutingaswellashitting,tokeepthecougar’sattentionawayfromTom.TomgottheknifeandranovertoJeb.Thecougarwasmovingitsheadinando