臨沂師范學(xué)院高級英語核心詞匯

臨沂師范學(xué)院高級英語核心詞匯

PartII

（適用于非外語專業(yè)08級本科、09級專升本、07級2+2）

外國語學(xué)院

2010年3月

Unit13

esteem[is*ti：m]①〃.尊敬；②P.尊敬，尊重

【搭配】n.gain(get)theesteemof贏得…的尊敬

n.haveagreatesteemfor對…大為敬佩

n.holdsbinhigh/grcatesteem極其尊重某人

n.holdsbinlowesteem不尊重某人

【近義】①〃.account,admiration,approval,consideration,honor

②ladmire,hallow,respect,revere,venerate,worship

【反義】v.abuse,despise,disregard,disrespect,ridicule

esthetic[i:sHetik]c美學(xué)的，審美的

【擴展】esthetical[i:s6etikol]以美術(shù)的,審美的

esthetician[i^Oi'tiJan]〃.美學(xué)家

estheticism[Ws'Betisizom]〃.唯美主義，審美派

esthetics[i:sf0etiks]〃,美學(xué)

ethic[七做]〃.倫理;道德;倫理學(xué)

【擴展】ethical[七的創(chuàng)。.倫理的，民族的

ethicallyfeGikli]-倫理(學(xué))上

cthicist['cOisist]〃.倫理學(xué)家

ethics['eOiks]幾道德規(guī)范

etiquette[eti*ket,'etiket]e禮儀，禮節(jié)，成規(guī)

【近義】n.manners,convention,customs,courtesy,decorum

estimate[restimeit]①〃.估計,估價;②乂估計，估價，評價

【擴展】estimation[esti*mei/on]〃.判斷，估計，尊重

estimable['cstimabl]a.可尊敬的，可估計的

【搭配】v.estimateat估計有

v.estimatein以…衡量

n.byestimate據(jù)估計

n.fbrm/makeanestimateof給…做一估計;評價

【近義】②上appraise,approximate,assess,evaluate,gauge

【反義]②Lmisjudge

eternal[i(：)匕:nl]a.永恒的;永遠的;無窮的;不滅的

【擴展】eternally[i'toznoli]不朽地，永久地

eternity匕:niti]幾永遠，來世，不朽

【近義】a.ceaseless,everlasting,perpetual,incessant,permanent

【反義】a.brief,ephemeral,momentary,transient,temporary

evacuate[iVsckjucit]乂抽空;清除;避難，轉(zhuǎn)移，撤離

【擴展】evacuative[i'v史kjueit]a.搬空的

evacuation[i,v2ekju'eij9n]〃.撤離，疏散

【近義】v.abandon,depart,remove,clear,purge,quit,rid

【反義】v.enter,fill,load,occupy

evade[i'veid]y.逃避，躲避

【擴展】cvadablc[Tvcidobl]。.可逃脫的，可逃避的，可回避的

evader[i'vcido(r)]〃.逃避者,逃避物

evasion[i*vei3on]〃.逃避，籍口

evasive[i'vcisiv]。.逃避的，回避的,托辭的

【近義】v.dodge,avoid,escape,elude,shelter,sheer

【反義】v.confront,face,meet

evaporate[i'vseporeit]已蒸發(fā)，失去水分，消失

【擴展】evaporability[i^aeporo'bibti]〃.揮發(fā)性，可蒸發(fā)性

evaporable[i'v卸0r0b1]幾可蒸發(fā)掉的，易蒸發(fā)的，揮發(fā)性的

evaporation[i^jepo'reijan]〃.蒸發(fā)，脫水，干燥

evaporative[i\aeparotiv]o?成為蒸氣的，蒸發(fā)的

【近義】v.dehydrate,vaporize,vanish,volatilize

【反義】v.dampen,soak,wet

evoke[i'vouk]y.喚起,引起;使人想起

【擴展】evocable['evokobl]。.可召喚的，可追憶的

evocation[^vou'keijon]〃.喚起，回憶，追憶

evocative[i'vakotiv]a喚出的，喚起的

【近義】v.arouse,awaken,call,produce,recall

evolve[i'volv]已進展，進化，展開

【擴展】evolution[jivalujsn,,ev9-]兒進化，發(fā)展，進展

evolutional〃.進化的,進展的

evolutionary[JivoluJ'onori]a.發(fā)展的，展開的

evolutionismLkvo'lujonizom]〃.進化論

evolutionist[Jrvg'ljuJsnist]〃.進化論者

evolutive[,i:varlu:tiv,'ev-]促進發(fā)展的，促進進化的

【搭配】evolvefrom由…進化

evolveinto發(fā)展（進化）成

evolveoutof從...發(fā)展而來

【近義】v.advance,develop,grow,derive,mature

【反義】v.degenerate,decrease,halt

excel[ik'sel]必勝過;優(yōu)于;誠突出;超常

【擴展】excellent['eksahnt]。.極好的,優(yōu)秀的

【搭配】excelin勝過;在…方面很擅長

【近義】v.surpass,exceed,surmount,transcend

exceptional[ik^sepjonl]aM外的,異常的，優(yōu)越的

【擴展】exception[iVscpJon]〃.例外

exceptionally[ik'sepjsnsli]ad.例外地，非常地,極端地

【近義】a.aberrant,abnonnal,difierent,remarkable,unusual

[反義]mon,ordinary,normal,regular,usual

excerpt「cks0：pt]〃.&摘錄，摘要

【擴展】excerption[ek，so:pJon]〃.選錄,精華錄，抄錄

【近義】n.selection,digest,docket,epitome,resume,summary

n.&v,extract,abstract,v.cite,quote

excess[ik^es,'ekses]〃.多余，無節(jié)制,超額;a.超額的，剩余的

【擴展】excessive[iksesiv]a過多的，過分的

excessively[ik'sesivli]ad.過分地，過度地

【搭配】inexcessof超過，多余

n.toexcess過度，過分

【近義】n.&a.suq）ius,leftover,remainder,remnant

n.surfeit,overabundance,redundancy,a.residual

[反義]n.dearth,defect,poverty

a.deficient,meager

execution[,eksi'kju:Jan]n.死刑,處決;實施;執(zhí)行;履行

【擴展】executable['eksikju:tobl]a.可執(zhí)行的

execute['eksikju:t]v.實行，執(zhí)行，完成

executive[ig*zekjutiv]a.行政的；n.執(zhí)行者，主管

【搭配】carry/putintoexecution實行，實施，執(zhí)行

doexecution奏效

【近義】n.administration,enactment,implementation,performance

exempt[ig'zempt]e免除的，豁免的;w.免除，豁免

【擴展】exemption[ig'zcmpjbn]〃.免除

【搭配】W.exemptfrom免除

【近義】a.immune,free

v.absolve,release,discharge,relieve

【反義】pel,oblige

exotic[igzotik]a.外來的;不熟悉的;奇異的;不尋常的

【擴展】exotica[ig'zotiks]〃.異族事物，新奇事物

exoticism[ig*zotisizsm]〃.外來事物，異國情調(diào)

【近義】a.alien,extraneous,unusual,foreign

【反義】a.familiar,native,indigenous

expedition[,ekspi*dij'on]e遠征，探險隊;迅速

【擴展】expedite['ekspidait]加快,促進;4暢通無阻的,快速的

expeditious[ekspi'dijos]a.迅速的，敏捷的

expeditiouslyLekspidjosli]nd.敏捷地，迅速地

[近義]n.journey,exploration,excursion,adventure

expend[ikSpcnd]%花費;使用;耗費

【擴展】expendable[iks^endobl]0.可消費的;〃.消耗品

expense[ik'spens]〃.消費，支出

expensive[iks'pensiv]a.昂貴的

expensively[iks'pensivli]ad,昂貴地，高價地

【近義】v.spend,devote,consume

【反義】v.hold,keep,save

expenditure[iksrpcnditjo,cks-]n.支出,花費;消費

【近義】n.cost,consumption,expense

【反義】/Lrevenue,earnings,income

expertise[,ekspo'ti:z]n.專家的意見，專門技術(shù)

【擴展】expert[*ekspo:t]a.熟練的，內(nèi)行的;水專家，能手

expertly[^kspatli]ad熟練地，巧妙地

【近義】n.craft,knack,mastery,skill,technique

expire[iks'paio,eks-]限期滿，終止;y.呼氣，斷氣

【擴展】expiration[,ekspaia'rei；0n]〃.呼出，呼氣，終止

expiratory[iks'paiorstari]0,吐氣的,呼氣的

expiry[iks'paisri]〃.逾期

【近義】v.terminate,end,die,exhale

【反義】v.inspire,inhale,begin,initiate

expositionGeksp^zijon]e說明;暴露;展覽會

【擴展】expose[ik^pauz]嘰暴露，揭穿，陳列

expositive[ik*spozitiv]a.說明的，解釋的

expositor[eks'pozits]〃.解釋者,講解員

expository[iks'pozi3ori]。.說明的,解釋的

exposure[iks'pouSs]〃.暴露，揭露，曝光

【近義】n.account,description,exhibition,fair

exquisite「ekskwizit]〃.精致的;細膩的;敏銳的;居i]烈的

【擴展】exquisitely[eklkwizitli]ad.精巧地，敏銳地

【近義】a.delicate,elaborate,elegant,graceful,fine

【反義】a.coarse,crude,cursory,imperfect,ragged,rough

extinct[iks'tigkt]a.熄滅的，絕種的;n.消滅，熄滅

【擴展】extinction[ikstiokjon]〃.消失，消減，廢止

extinctive[ik*stir）ktiv]為使消減的

【近義】a.archaic,inactive,obsolete,

【反義】a.alive,living,extant

extract[ikst儂kt]”拔出，抽出;吸取;摘錄;〃.摘錄，精華

[擴展]extraction[iks^rsekjon]n,抽出，取出;抽出物

【近義】v.derive,educe,elicit,remove

n.&v,abstract,expert,n.quotation,citation,selection

【反義】v.add,insert

extravagant[ikstavogont]&過度的，過分的;奢侈的，浪費的

【擴展】extravagance[ik^traevogsns]〃.奢侈,浪費;放肆的言行

extravagantly[ik^trsevogontli]a-揮霍無度地

【近義】a.wastefill,lavish,improvident,prodigal

【反義】a.thrifty,economical,moderate

fable[隹ibl]〃.寓言，神話，傳說

【近義】n,fantasy,legend,myth,story,tale

【反義】n.fact,truth

fabricate[ffebrikeit]乂制造，建造，裝配;虛構(gòu)

【擴展】fabric[恤brik]〃.織物;布;結(jié)構(gòu)

fabrication[^bri^eijon]〃.制造，建造，虛構(gòu)的謊言

fabricator[*fcbrikcit0（r）]〃.制作者，假造者,杜撰者

fabricant[?faebrikont]〃.制造商

【近義】v.make,manufacture,fbrgc,fake

【反義】v.destroy,demolish,ruin,wrek

fabulous「在bjulos]〃.傳說的，無根據(jù)的，難以置信的

【擴展】fabulously[faebjuLsli]難以置信地,驚人地

【近義】a.fictitious,imaginary,inconceivable,legendary,unbelievable

【反義】mon,normal,ordinary

facet[聯(lián)esit]幾面;方面;小平面

【近義】n.angle,aspect,feature,side

faction「設(shè)kjbn]〃.派別;宗派;小集團

【近義】n.bloc,coalition,combination,sect

factual[%ktjuH]a事實的，真實的

【擴展】factualism['fsektjuolizsm]兒尊重事實，忠實于事實

factuality[,fcktju*a:liti]〃.真實性

factually[^ktjuoli]od事實上

【近義】a.genuine,sooth,substantial,true

【反義】a.illusory,false,fictitious,untrue

falter[%：㈣乂蹣跚;搖晃;猶豫;支吾

【近義】v.hobble,staggerjolt,limp,shamble,stumble,waddle

fanatic[fb'n&tik]a.狂熱的，盲信的;〃.狂熱者

【擴展】fhnaticalgnaetikd]o?狂熱的

fanatically[fo*n?tikli]ad.狂熱地，盲信地

fanaticism[fb'n史tisizom]〃.狂熱，盲信

fanaticize[fb*naetisaiz]以使…成為狂熱

【近義】a.frantic,fervent,feverish,crazy,hectic,rabid,wild

feast〃.宴會;節(jié)日；以盛宴款待

【搭配】〃.afeastofeyes眼福

n.makeafeastof/upon大吃，飽吃

v.feaston大吃大喝，享受美食

v.feastaway在歡宴中度過

【近義】n.banquet,festival,holiday,n.&v,fete

feat[fi:t]幾功績;武藝;技藝;功夫

【近義】n.achievement,deed,accomplishment

federation[^cdaYciJon]〃.聯(lián)邦，聯(lián)合，同盟

【擴展】federate[Yedorit]a同盟的，聯(lián)合的；上使聯(lián)合，同盟

federative['fedorotiv]a聯(lián)合的，聯(lián)邦的

【近義】n.alliance,association,league,union

feeblea.虛弱的，無力的,薄弱的

【擴展】feebleminded['fiibl'maindid]a.精神薄弱的，意志薄弱的

feebleness[*fi:blnis]〃.弱，微弱

feebly['fi:bli]ad.貧乏地，虛弱地

【近義】a.flabby,frail,impotent,infirm,weak

【反義】a.powerful,robust,solid,strong

fellowship[,febu/ip]幾伙伴關(guān)系;交情;友誼;研究員資格

【擴展】fellow[*febu]〃.朋友,同事;。?同伴的，同事的

【近義】n.association,companionship,friendship,league,sociality

feminine[泥minin]e女性的

【擴展】femininity[femi'niniti]〃.女性特質(zhì)，溫柔，柔弱性

feminism「fbminizom]兒男女平等主義，女權(quán)運動

feminist[^minist]幾女權(quán)主義者;a.男女平等主義的

feminize[^minaiz]以女性化，具有女性風(fēng)度

【近義】a.distaffeffeminate,female,womanish,womanly

【反義】a.masculine,male

fencing「fbnsi巾〃,籬笆，柵欄;擊劍

【擴展】fence[fens]〃.柵欄,圍墻;上用籬笆圍住，防護

fencer['fenso]〃.劍客,擊劍者

fend[fbnd]y.供養(yǎng),照料;擋開，避開

【搭配】fendoff擋開防止阻止

fendfor照料

fendfbroneself白謀生計，獨立生活

【近義】v.defend,parry,protect,safeguard,shield

【反義】v,surrender,yield

ferocious[fb'rouj'os]a.兇猛的，野蠻的

【擴展】ferociously[fbWosli]ad.野蠻地，殘忍地

【近義】a.fierce,savage,barbarian,inhuman,rude,wild

【反義】a.gentle,mild,tame,tender

ferry[Teri]幾渡船，渡口；渡運，運送

【擴展】ferryboat[fbribout]〃.渡船

ferryman['feriman]兒擺渡者,渡船夫

【搭配】〃.by色rry乘渡船

fiddle[-fldl]〃.小提琴;欺詐,欺騙；上虛度時光;篡改;騙取

【擴展】fiddler['fidlo]〃.拉小提琴的人;小提琴家;胡亂撥弄者

fiddlestick['fidlstik]〃.拉提琴的弓;無聊事，瑣事

【搭配】v.fiddleabout/around虛度光陰;擺弄，玩弄

v.fiddleaway浪費(時間等)

v.fiddlewith亂動，搬弄

fidelity[fi'deliti]〃.忠誠,忠實;逼真

【近義】n.allegiance,faith,fealty,loyalty

【反義】n.disloyalty,infidelity,lying,treachery

fiery[癡泡a熾熱的;熱烈的;暴躁的

【擴展】fierily['faisrili]ad.如火地，熾熱地,猛烈地

【近義】a.drastic,intemperate,flaming,irritable,violent

【反義】a.icy,frigid,impassive

filth聞0]〃.污穢，污物

【擴展】filthy陽叨山污穢的,丑惡的

【近義】n.dirt,contamination,grime,muck

【反義】n.cleanliness,purity,sterility

finite有限的限定的

【近義】a.bounded,limited,confined

【反義】a.infinite,endless,infinite,interminable

Exercises

I.Spellthefollowingwordswiththehelpoftheirdefinitionsandfirstlettersgiven.

1.ea.originatinginaforeigncountry,esp.oneinthetropics;notnative

2.fn.aclique(oftensecret)thatseekspowerusuallythroughintrigue

3.fn,ashortmoralstory,esp.onewithanimalsascharacters

4.en,specialskill,knowledge,orjudgment;expertness

5.fn.aceremonialdinnerpartyformanypeople

6.fn.anotableachievement

7.fa.boundedinmagnitudeorspatialortemporalextent

8.en.rulesgoverningsociallyacceptablebehavior

9.panionship;friendship

10.fn.anyleague,alliance,orconfederacy

11.fa.almostunbelievable;astounding;legendary

ILFillinthetableandthenchoosesomewordstocompletethefollowingsentences.Change

theformwherenecessary.

VerbNounAdjective

evacuate

evade

evoke

evaporate

evolve

execution

expire

expedition

expend

1.Theliquidexpands,orinotherwordsbecomeslessdense;someofit.

2.Doyouknowabouttheofaseedintoaplant?

3.ChildrenwerefromLondontoescapethebombing.

4.Wehavedevelopedrapidorderprocessingtodeliveriestocustomers.

5.Sheistryingtoallresponsibilityforherbehavior.

6.TheyasenseofthefraternityandhumanitythatisattheheartoftheGames.

7.Mikejustdiscoveredthathispassporthadthreemonthsago.

8.Theydrewupandaplantoreducefuelconsumption.

9.Sheallhereffortsonthecareofhomeandchildren.

10.Thecompanyhasintoamajorchemicalmanufacturer.

11.Hernewbookiswonderfullyofvillagelife.

12.Hebuiltupthebusinessattheofhishealth.

III.Choosetherightwordstocompletethefollowingsentences.Changetheformif

necessary.

estimate/estimation

1.ShewentupinmywhenIdiscoveredhowmuchcharityworkshedoes.

2.Thedealistobewortharound$1.5million.

eternal/eternally

3.Sinceacirclehasnobeginningorend,theweddingringisacceptedasasymbolof

love.

4.Filbegratefultoyouforthis.

exceptional/exception

5.Mostofthebuildingsinthetownaremodern,butthechurchisan.

6.Attheageoffiveheshowedtalentasamusician.

extinct/extinction

7.Themountaingorillaisonthevergeof.

8.Ifnothingisdonetoprotecttheenvironment,millionsofspeciesthatarealivetodaywillhave

become.

extract/extraction

9.Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedstudentstoreadafewfromthenovel.

10.HeisanAmericanofHungarian.

extravagant/extravagance

11.Goingtothetheatreisouronly.

12.Executivesofthecompanyenjoyedanlifestyleoffreegifts,finewinesandhigh

salaries.

fabricate/fabrication

13.Herstorywasacompletefromstarttofinish.

14.Theyevidenceandthreatenedwitnesses.

IV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthisunit.Thefirstletterofeachwordisgiventohelp

you.

1.ThedocumentwasefromanunidentifiedFBIfile.

2.Thetiesthatbindustogetherincommonactivityareso/thattheycandisappearatany

moment.

3.Profitistheeofsalesovercosts.

4.Thesunwasnowsinking,a/balloflightinthewest.

5.Weshouldnotonlytalkaboutthewife's/toherhusband.

6.Somepeopleprefernottousethe/form'actress'andusetheword'actor'for

bothsexes.

7.Thisstudyrepresentsamajoreoftimeandeffort.

8.IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhow/andextravagant

arealChinesebanquetcouldbe.

9.Theessaycontainsanumberof/errors.

10.Hisvoicebeganto/atthementionofhissufferingsintheolddays.

11.Hehadto/forhimselffromtheageoftwelve.

12.Thousandsofpassengersare/acrosstherivereveryday.

13.Rick'scookingwasalwaysgoodbutthistimehereallyehimself.

14.He/awaythemorningwithnecessarytasks.

Tip

RegularReading

Ifyouwanttoimproveyourvocabularythenyouneedtobecomeanavidreader;Most

vocabularyislearnedbyreadingtextbooks,novelsandotherliterature.Themoreyouread,the

fasteryouwillbuildyourvocabulary.Tryreadingondifferenttopics,withdifferentreading

materials.However,thereisavitalstrategytoreadinginordertobuildyourvocabulary.Evenif

youreadeverythinginyourlocallibrary,yourvocabularywillnotincreasealotifyoudonotuse

thecorrectreadingstrategy.

Thekeytobuildingyourvocabularythroughreadingistofigureoutthemeaningofthe

difficultwordsthatyouencounter.Todiscovertheirmeaningyoucanlookthemupinadictionary.

However,muchofthevocabularyyouHllearninlifewon'tcomefromreadingthedictionary.

Oftenyou,llfigureoutwhatthesewordsmeanbyhowtheyareusedinthetextyouarereading.

Mostliteratureincludescontextcluestothemeaningsofwordsthatsomereadersmaynotknow.

Thecontextclueismostoftenpresentedinthesentenceorparagraphwherethewordislocated.

Unit14

fireworks『faiow^ks]〃.[復(fù)數(shù)]煙花，焰火;激烈爭論

【擴展】firebrand[,faiobr?nd]〃.火把，煽風(fēng)點火者

firecracker[*faiokr2eko(r)]〃.爆竹，鞭炮

firefighter「fhi0fhito]幾消防人員

fireflyffaioflai]〃.螢火蟲

fireman['fai^mon]〃.消防隊員

fireplace['faiopleis]耀.壁爐

fireproof['faiopruif）耐火的，防火的；也使耐火,使防火

firewoodffaiowud]九火柴，燃材。

fitting芮刖]①&適合的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?；②兒裝置，設(shè)備

【擴展】fit[fit]a.適宜的;上適合，安裝;〃.適宜，一致

fitlyffitli]ad.恰當(dāng)?shù)兀m合地

fittingly['fitirjli]適切地，適合地

fittings['fitiqs]〃.（常用復(fù)數(shù)）家具，設(shè)備

【近義】①a.suitable,proper,apt,appropriate

【反義】①a.unfitting,unsuitable,improper,inappropriate

fixture[fkstj司兒固定裝置

【近義】n.apparatus,appliance,attachment,device

flake[fleik]〃.小薄片，小碎片;火花;y.使成薄片，削，剝

【搭配】v.flakeoff剝落

v.flakeout精疲力竭，昏昏入睡

【近義】n.lamella,pellicle,sheet,section

n.&v,peel,slice,v.chip,delaminate,pare

flank[fl?gk]幾肋腹，側(cè)面;此攻擊側(cè)面，面臨著

【擴展】flanker[?flaegks]二側(cè)面部隊，側(cè)面堡壘，側(cè)沖

【搭配】n.inflank在側(cè)面，在側(cè)翼

turnsb'sflank從側(cè)翼包抄;智勝某人;駁倒某人

【近義】n.haunch,side,sector

flap[fl卸]〃.拍打，拍打聲;上拍打，鼓翼而飛，飄動

【擴展】flappable['flaspabl]a.容易興奮的，易于煩亂的

【近義】v.&n.tap,flutter,flicker,vibrate,wave

flare[fko]乂&〃?閃光，閃耀

【擴展1flareback[?fleobsek]幾逆火，激烈的反駁

【搭配】flareup突然燃燒起來，突然發(fā)怒

【近義】v.&n,glare,shine,blaze,flash

flask[fla:sk]〃.細頸瓶,小水瓶

【擴展】flasket['fla:skit]〃.小瓶，小細頸瓶

flatter[^to]w.過分夸贊，奉承，諂媚

【擴展】flatterer['flaet9r9（r）]〃.阿諛者,諂媚者

flatteringly['flaetsrigli]ad.奉承地，討好地

flattery「fl史匕ri]幾諂媚，阿諛，巴結(jié)

【搭配Jflatteroneself洋洋自得，自以為是

【近義】v.adulate,blandish,compliment,fawn

【反義】v.belittle,castigate,condemn,denounce

flaw[fl3：]〃.裂隙，缺點，一陣狂風(fēng);y.（使）破裂,（使）有缺陷

【擴展】flawlessCfloilis]a.完美的，無瑕疵的

【近義】n.blemish,fault,defect,imperfection,defect

【反義】n.merit,advantage,virtue

flexible['flekssbl]。.靈活的，易彎曲的，柔韌的

【擴展】flexibilityLfleks+biliti]〃.靈活性,柔韌性

flexibly['fleksobli]易曲地，柔軟地,如意地

【近義】a.agile,clastic,nimble,pliable

【反義】a.inflexible,rigid,boorish,sluggish

flick[flik]幾快速地輕打,彈開;乂輕彈，輕輕拂去，忽然搖動

【搭配】認flickout猛然伸出不經(jīng)意拋掉

v.flickoff彈去

v.flickover迅速翻開

v.flickaway彈去

【近義】v.&n,flip,tap,v.chuck,lap,lick

flicker[,fliko]九&認（鳥）撲動翅膀（燭光）搖曳閃爍

【擴展】flickeringly「flik3rmii]閃爍地，搖曳地，?閃,閃地

【搭配】flickerout（火光）搖戔地熄火，逐漸平息

【近義】v.&n,flutter,flare,glimmer,twinkle,sparkle,shimmer

v.waver,vibrate

fling[flig]乂&兒猛投;猛沖;扔，擲;嘲笑

【搭配】v.flingat扔向

v.flingabout跳來跳去;拋散

v.flingaside/away拋棄,丟掉;憤然離去

V.flinginto突然沖進;投入;急速派遣

p.flingoff甩掉;挫敗;急沖沖地突然跑開

v.flingout用力拋出;出言不遜

v.flingup舍棄拋棄

【近義】n.&v,hurl,throw,flip,v.cast,pitch,toss

flip[flip]①.擲;擊;彈；②。.無禮的;輕率的

【擴展】flippancy['fliponsi]〃.無禮，言語尖刻

flippant[?flipant]輕率的，沒禮貌的

【搭配】v.Hipout十分氣憤;異常激動;神志不清

v.flipover翻倒;翻轉(zhuǎn)

v.flipthrough瀏覽;草草翻閱

【近義】cast,pitch,toss,v.&n.fling,flick

②impudent,brash,presumptuous,saucy

flirt或調(diào)情;不認真地對待（或考慮）

【擴展】flirtation[fhftcij'on]〃,調(diào)情，挑逗，調(diào)戲

flirtatious[flo/tcijos]a.調(diào)情的

【搭配】flirtwith和…調(diào)情

【近義】v.banter,coquet,tease

flit[flit]y.&〃.遷徙，迅速飛過，掠過

【擴展】flitterCflito]〃.飛翔者;以翩翩地飛來飛去

【近義】v.migrate,dart,fleet,whisk

float[flgut]皿使）漂浮,（使）漂流;〃.漂流物

【擴展】floatability[,fbot0rbiloti]〃.漂浮性

floatable['floutobl]。.可漂浮的，可浮起的

【近義】v.drift,waft,glide

【反義】v.sink

floral以花似的，花的，植物的

【擴展】flora「flog]〃.植物

floriculture[，fh:rfkAltJ司〃.種花，栽培花卉

floriferous[flozYifbros]。.有花的，開花的,多花的

【近義】a.blossomy,flowery,botanic

flu[flu:]（全稱為influenza）〃.流行性感冒

【近義】n.ailment,illness,indisposition,malady,sickness

fluctuateCflAktjueit]已流動;（使）起伏;（使）動搖

【擴展】fluctuant[^Aktjuont]。.變動的，波動的,起伏的

fluctuation[^Aktju'ciJ'on]〃.波動，起伏

【近義】v.vacillate,change,swing,waver

fluorescent[fluo'resant]。?發(fā)熒光的溶光煥發(fā)的

【擴展】fluoresce[fluo'res]也發(fā)熒光

fluorescence[fluaYesns]〃.發(fā)熒光，熒光

【近義】a.effulgent,incandescent,luminous,radiant

flush[flA；]幾臉紅;茂盛;〃.齊平的;滿盈的;y.臉發(fā)紅，淹沒，旺盛

【近義】n.bloom,freshness,ruddincss

a.affluent,blooming,florid,ruddy,lavish

v.blush,crimson,mantle,redden,elate

【反義】a.ashen,rough,uneven,pale

flutterpflAta]乂&〃.（使）飄動;（使）擺動;鼓翼;煩擾

【搭配】〃.allinaflutter心慌意亂

n.cause/makeagreatflutter轟動一時

n.fallintoafluttei?心緒不寧，陷于極度緊張

n.put/throwsbinafluttei"使某人忐忑不安

v.flutterabout坐立不安

v.flutterdown鼓翅而下，飄搖而降

【近義】v.&n.shake,wave,flicker,flap

foam[fbum]〃.泡沫;y.起泡沫

【擴展】foamy[?fbumi]泡沫的，滿是泡沫的

【近義】n.lather,spray,spume,suds

n.&v,bubble,froth,simmer

foe[必u]〃.反對者，敵人

【擴展】focman['fsumgn]〃.敵兵，敵人

【近義】n.enemy,adversary,opponent,rival,archenemy

【反義】〃.friend,ally,confidant

foil[foil]乂襯托，阻止，擋開;機箔，烘托，襯托

【近義】v.balk,thwart,frustrate,hinder

【反義】v.abet,aid,assist,help

foliage,葉子（總稱）

【近義】n.frondescence,leaf^vegetation

ford[fb:d]〃.淺灘;此涉水，涉過

【近義】v.cruise,transverse,transit,navigate

fore[fo:;fos]〃.前部;在前的，以前的;S在前面;prep.在前

【擴展】forebear[*fo:bs9]n.祖先，祖宗

fbrecast['fb:ka:st]認&〃.預(yù)測，預(yù)報

forefront['forfrAnt]〃.最前部,最前線

forego[fb:'gou]乂放棄，在…之前，居先

foreman['fo:man]〃.領(lǐng)班，工頭，陪審長

foresight['fo:sait]〃.遠見，深謀遠慮

foretell[fo:'tel]以預(yù)言，預(yù)告，預(yù)示

【搭配】n.atthefore（信號旗）懸在前桅上;在最前

it.bringtothefoe使...處于顯要地位;使...起積極作用

etothefbe走到前面來;涌現(xiàn)出來

n.tothefbe在前面;在顯著地位

【近義】ad,ahead,antecedently,beforehand,fbrward

【反義】a.&ad.back,a.hind,hinder,ad.aft

foreground[ffo：graund]〃.前景,最顯著的位置，[計算機]前臺

【反義】n.background,back,rear

foremost[Tormaust]o?第一的;最初的;最重要的;首先

【搭配】firstandforemost首先,首要地

【近義】a.important,prime,a.&ad.first,ad.primarily

forerunner[To：,rAno]

【擴展】forerun[fo:'rAn]吐.預(yù)告，預(yù)報，預(yù)示

【近義】〃?precursor,herald,harbinger

foresee義預(yù)見，預(yù)知

[擴展]foreseeable[fo:'si:obl]a.可預(yù)見到的

【近義】v.anticipate,presage,predict,prognosticate,prophesy

forgery['fo：d39ri]〃.偽造,偽造罪，偽造物

【擴展】fbrge.熔爐，鐵工廠;乂打制，想出，偽造

forger['fo:d3a(r)]幾偽造者，腐造者;鐵匠

【近義】n.counterfeit,fake,sham,fabrication,fraudulence

formidable['fonnidsbl]強大的，可怕的，難克服的

【擴展】formidably['fonnidobli]可怕地,強大地

【近義】a.afraid,awesome,awful,dire,dreadful,eerie,hideous

【反義】a.aflfeblc,cordial,friendly,amiable

formulate[Yonnjuleit]也用公式表示;明確地表達;闡明

【擴展】formula[Toimjulg]兒公式，配方，規(guī)則

fbrmularize[Toimjuhraiz]y.使公式化，有系統(tǒng)闡述

formularyffoimjulori]。.規(guī)定的，公式的;幾公式集

formulation[jfbimju'lei/sn]幾形成;簡潔陳述;公式化

【近義】v.explain,clarify,elucidate,illuminate,illustrate

forsake[0seik]y.放棄，斷念，拋棄

【近義】vt.abandon,desert,jettison,reject,renounce,repudiate

【反義】tect,preserve,conserve

forthcoming[fo:0fkAmig]a.即將到來的，可得到的

【近義】a.accessible,approaching,imminent,prospective

【反義】a.bygone,distant,past

fortress[Txtris]勿?堡壘，要塞

【擴展】fbrt九堡壘，要塞

【近義】n.castle,fort,stronghold,citadel,garrison

fortune['foitjon]〃.運氣;命運;財富

【擴展】fortunate['fortjsnit]&幸運的,僥幸的

fortunately[Yortjanotli]4d.幸運地，幸虧

fortuneless[To^J'anlis]。.不幸的

fortuneteller['fb：tf9n,tel9]〃.算命者,占卜者

【搭配】beingoodfortune運氣好

beinbadfortune運氣壞

comeintoafortune繼承一大筆財產(chǎn)

havethefortunetodo幸而...(做)...

makeone'sfortune發(fā)財致富

tellsb'sfortune給某人算命

runafortune冒風(fēng)險

tryone'sfortune碰運氣

【近義】n.luck,fate,affluence,opulence,treasure,wealth

【反義】n.hardship,misfortune,poverty

foster['fost^]y.收養(yǎng),養(yǎng)育;a.收養(yǎng)的，養(yǎng)育的

【擴展】fosterage[TostaridS]〃.寄養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，助長，促進

fosterer[Yostar^r）]〃.養(yǎng)育者,鼓勵者

【近義】v.adopt,raise,rear,cherish

foul[faul]G.污穢的，邪惡的;乂弄臟，妨礙，污蔑

【擴展】fbully「fauni]〃d.卑鄙地

fbulmouthed['faulmauGd]a.口出粗俗的，出言不遜的

foulness[*faulnis]〃.糾纏，卑鄙

【搭配】a.befbulwith給…弄臟

a.fall/go/runfoulof（船只）…相撞;同…沖突

【近義】a.filthy,nasty,grubby,obscene,sordid

fracture['friektja]幾&乂（使）折斷;（使）破碎

【擴展】fraction[Yraekjon]幾分數(shù)，小部分，片斷

【近義】v.break,cleavage,crack,rupture,crack

fragile[*frasd3ail]a.脆的;虛弱的;易碎的;易毀壞的

【擴展】fragility[fro'dSiliti]〃.脆弱，虛弱

【近義】a.frail,brittle,feeble,weak

【反義】a.tough,sturdy,strong,firm

fragrance[Geigrons]/i.芬芳;香氣

【近義】n.scent,aroma,redolence,spice

【反義】n.stench,stink,fetor,malodor

fragrantffreigront]&芬芳的，馥郁的;愉快的

【擴展】fragrantly['freigrsntli]芬香地，愉快地

【近義】a.aromatic,balmy,sweet,odorous,odoriferous

【反義】a.fetid,noxious,putrid,stale

frail[fi>eil]0.脆弱的;虛弱的

【擴展】frailly[freili]ad.脆弱地，不堅實地

frailty['freilti]n.脆弱，意志薄弱

【近義】a.brittle,fragile,flimsy,weak,delicate

[反義】a.tough,robust,firm,strong

frantic[任普疝幻「瘋狂的;狂亂的;狂怒的

【擴展】frantically[?fraentikali]ad.狂暴地，瘋狂似地

【近義】a.crazy,frenetic,insane,mad,maniac,rabid

【反義】a.calm,collected,composed,docile,tranquil

fraternity[fro^niti]〃.友愛，互助會,兄弟會

【擴展】fraternal。.兄弟般的

fraternally[fro'toinli]ad.兄弟似地

fraternization[^aetonai'zeijon;-ni*z-]〃.結(jié)有深交

fraternize['frsetainaiz]乂結(jié)有深交，友善

【近義】〃.afiliation,brotherhood,association,frat

frenzyffrenzi]〃.狂暴;發(fā)狂;狂怒

【近義】n.anger,fury,outrage,rage,wrath

【反義】n.calmness,peace,composure,tranquility

fret（使）煩惱;（使）不滿或煩躁

【擴展】fretftilWetftil]。.煩躁的，焦躁的

fretfully[Yretfoli]ad.焦躁地，焦急地

【搭配】fretaway在煩惱中度過

fretover為…著急

【近義】v.annoy,agonize,provoke,worry,vex

【反義】v.appease,pacify,placate,soothe

friction[Won]兒摩擦(力);不和，抵觸，沖突

【擴展】frication[fri'keijon]〃.摩擦

fricativeffrikotiv]由摩擦產(chǎn)生的，摩擦音的;〃.摩擦音

frictional['frikjsnal].摩擦的

【近義】n.abrasion,attrition,discord,disharmony

【反義】n.agreement,harmony,peace

fringe[frinds]〃.邊緣,流蘇;a附加的，額外的

【擴展】fringyffrindSi]。.穗狀的，有穗狀緣飾的

【近義】n.border,brink,edge,margin,rim,verge

Exercises

I.Writeoutthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunitaccordingtothemeaningsgivenbelow.

1.resemblingormadeoforsuggestiveofflowers

2.firstintime,place,rank,etc

3.toseeorknowbeforehand

4.anobjectfirmlyfixedinplace,esp.ahouseholdappliance

5.theresistanceencounteredwhenonebodyismovedincontactwithanother

6.arousingorlikelytoinspirefearordread

7.anedgingconsistingofhangingthreads,tassels,etc

8.approachingintime

9.thegreenleavesofaplant

10.__________topromotethegrowthordevelopmentof

11.__________emittin