2023年陜西省咸陽(yáng)市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)測(cè)試卷(含答案)

2023年陜西省咸陽(yáng)市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)測(cè)試卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledRaisingDogsintheCity.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinesgivenbelow:

1.現(xiàn)在養(yǎng)狗的人越來(lái)越多;

2.不文明養(yǎng)狗給社會(huì)造成了危害;

3.我的看法。

RaisingDogsintheCity

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionwiththetitleofAnEye-witnessAccountofaTrafficAccident.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

假設(shè)你在某日某時(shí)某地目擊一起車(chē)禍，就此寫(xiě)一份見(jiàn)證書(shū)。見(jiàn)證書(shū)須包括以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.車(chē)禍發(fā)生的時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)

2.你所見(jiàn)到的車(chē)禍情況

3.你對(duì)車(chē)禍原因的分析

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledCollegeStudent'sJob-Hunting.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.

1.近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)大學(xué)生就業(yè)難的現(xiàn)象。

2.產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因(如大學(xué)生追求目標(biāo)過(guò)高，專(zhuān)業(yè)不對(duì)口等。)

3.如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題(改變就業(yè)觀(guān)念，大學(xué)生在培訓(xùn)等)。

CollegeStudent'sJob-Hunting

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacomposition,onthetopicNoPainsNoGains.YourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.Yourpartofthecompositionshouldbeatleast150words.

1.請(qǐng)解釋"NoPainsNoGains"的含義;

2.舉例證明。

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthefollowinggraphwhichshowsthechangesinthenumberofcollegegraduateswhochosetobeteachersortogointobusiness.ThesuggestedtitleisToBeaBusinessmanortoBeaTeacher.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandyourwritingshouldcontainthefollowingideas:

1.大學(xué)畢業(yè)中選擇教師職業(yè)的人越來(lái)越少。

2.大學(xué)畢業(yè)和中在大公司里謀職從商的人越來(lái)越多。

3.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因：在大公司工作工資待遇高，發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)較多，可以較充分地實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人的價(jià)值。

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledEnergyCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:

1.Energycrisisisoneofthemainproblemsfacingtheworldtoday.

2.Importanceofenergy.

3.Conservingenergy.

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:OverseasStudyatanEarlyAge.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.目前很多父母在子女高中畢業(yè)前就送他們出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)

2．形成這種趨勢(shì)的原因

3．我對(duì)此的看法

OverseasStudyatanEarlyAge

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritearesume.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

假設(shè)你是李明——一名應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生，在報(bào)紙上看到一則招聘廣告，你想要到登廣告的公司供職，請(qǐng)給該公司寫(xiě)一封求職信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)要介紹自己的情況以及自己的經(jīng)歷等。

9.Directions:YourfriendPeterneedstomakeadecisioninchoosingtostudyhistoryorcomputerscience.Hereallylikeshistory,butheistoldthatitwillbeeasierforhimtofindajobifhestudiescomputertechnology.Makeyourcomparisonandthenwritealettertohimandgiveyoursuggestions.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordswithin30minutes.

10.1.目前，中國(guó)高等教育不再是少數(shù)人享有的教育，擁有大學(xué)文憑的人數(shù)日益增加

2.大學(xué)生失業(yè)不再新鮮，因此有人認(rèn)為讀書(shū)無(wú)用

3.我對(duì)大學(xué)教育目的的認(rèn)識(shí)

ThePurposeofCollegeEducation

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Theplanofthemanagerofashippingcompanytousecontainerswasrejectedbytheboardofdirectorsbecausetheplanwasstronglyopposedbythedockers.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Itis______thatcausemostofthedeathsinahurricaneortropicalstorm.

13.

Insteadofshowing______,yourdressshouldconveythemesagethat

14.

EuropeandJapanneedmorelaborforcebecausethepopulationgrowthinthesecountrieshasbeenverylow.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Inmostcases,whatwerequireacartodousesonlyasmallpercentageofits'horsepower.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.Awedding-planningworkermaybethesourceofhiscolleague'sangerbecause______.

A.thelatterisjealousoftheformer'shappiness

B.thelatterhastodosomeoftheformer'swork

C.theformermayforcethelattertohelpwiththewedding

D.thelattertendstomakemistakesundertheformer'sinfluence

17.

AccordingtoThomasSuddendorf,knowingsomeeventshappenedinthepastdoesn't______episodicmemory.

18.

ThewithdrawingofVioxxonlyledtosomeaccusationsaboutsomeotherpainrelievers.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Disposableproductsarenotbeneficialtothedevelopmentofmodernindustry.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

BillRichardson'ssuccessinreachinganagreementwithSudanwasduetohispersonalfriendshipwithSudanesePresidentOmarA1-Bashir.

A.YB.NC.NG

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Ican'tmakeupmymindwhethertoaskLarryorBilltopaintthehouse.

M:Whatdifferencedoesitmake?They'rebothexcellentpainters.AndIthinkwejustneedtocheckwhoisavailablethedayaftertomorrow.

Q:WhatcanbeinferredaboutLarryandBill?

(15)

A.Theyarequitedifferentinpaintingskills.

B.Neitherofthemisgoodathouse-painting.

C.Theyareequallygoodathouse-painting.

D.Bothofthemwillpaintthehousethedayaftertomorrow.

22.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Whatareyoudoingoutherealone?

W:Justlookingatthelights.Iliketolookatthecityatnight.

M:Everybody'sstandingaroundthepianoandsinging.Don'tyouwanttojoinus?

W:I'dratherstayouthereforafewminutes.LookdowntherewhereI'mpointing.

M:Idon'tseeanythingspecial.

W:That'swhereIusedtolivewhenIwasachild.

M:Whatkindofneighborhoodwasit?

W:Averypoorone.Everybodywassupposedtoworkhardtoendupwithahouseintheouterareaofthecity.

M:Butyou'veendedupwithaflatinthesky.

W:Yes,andIdon'twanttoloseit.

M:Ithinkthatmeansthatallofushadbettergohomesoonsothatyoucangetalittlesleep.

W:Idohavetobeattheofficeinthemorning.

M:Tellme,howdoyoudoit,bothworksohardandplaysohard.

W:Idon'tknow.Ijustliketodoboth.AndIdon'tneedmuchsleep.

(20)

A.Theyarehusbandandwife.

B.Thewomanisaguesttotheman'shouse.

C.Themanisaguesttothewoman'sflat.

D.Theyarefatheranddaughter.

23.(36)

A.Itincreasedthestudents'whitebloodcellcount.

B.Itincreasedsomestudents'energylevel.

C.Itimprovedthestudents'abilitytoplaymusicalinstruments.

D.Itreleasedanaturalpainkillerinsomestudents'bodies.

24.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽(tīng)力原文：TheEnglishpermanentsettlementsinNorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenWesternEuropewasundergoinggreatchanges.DuringtheMiddle-Ages,EuropewasunderthesinglespiritualauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Thepeasantsweretiedtothesoilandworkedinthefieldsfortheirlords.MerchantsandcraftsmenwerehandicappedbythesocialdisordersandearningwerecontrolledbytheChurch.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbegantoemergewhichledtotheawakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.

Thefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclasps—thebourgeoisclassandtheworkingdoss.Withthefastdevelopmentofcommerceandtrade,thebourgeoisiebecameincreasinglypowerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy.TheywantedtosharepowerwithfeudallordsandinsomecountriessuchasEnglandtheywantedtohavemorepowerfromthethattheycouldhavefreedevelopment,TheEnglishRevolutionwastheresultoftinsgrowthofcapitalism.

ThesecondmajorforcethatbroughtaboutthemoderndevelopmentofEuropewastheRenaissance,whichwasmarkedbyachafingoutlookonlife.TheGod-centeredworldwaschallengedbythegreatprogressinnaturalandsocialscience.ManychallengedtheauthorityoftheBibleandwerewillingtoobserve,experimentandtesttruthsforthemselves.Thisattitudepushedthedevelopmentoftechnology.

ThethirdinfluenceforcewastheReligiousReformation,areligiousreform.movementthatstaredfromGermany.

TheEnglish(36)______settlementsinNorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenWesternEuropewas(37)______greatchanges.DuringtheMiddle-Ages,Europewasunderthesingle(38)______authorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Thepeasantsweretiedtothesoilandworkedinthefieldsfortheirlands.(39)______andcraftsmenwere(40)______bythesocialdisorders.ArtandlearningwerecontrolledbytheChurch.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbeganto(41)______whichledtotheawakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.

Thefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclasses—thebourgeoisclassandtheworkingclass,withthefastdevelopmentof(42)______andtrade,thebourgeoisiebecame(43)______powerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy.Theywantedtosharepowerwithfeudallordsand(44)____________.TheEnglishRevolutionwastheresultofthisgrowthofcapitalism.

(45)____________.TheGod-centeredworldwaschallengedbythegreatprogressinnaturalandsocialscience.ManychallengedtheauthorityoftheBibleandwerewillingtoobserve,experimentandtesttruthsforthemselves.Thisattitudepushedthedevelopmentoftechnology.

(46)____________.

25.(39)

26.(31)

A.Advertisingtochildrenmuststop.

B.Aliberalviewinadvertisingisunprincipled.

C.Advertisingtochildrenmusthaveaclearpurpose.

D.Childrenmustbetreateddifferentlywhenadvertising.

27.(26)

A.In1832.B.In1823.C.In1812.D.In1823.

28.(35)

A.Smokingcanlengthenlifeexpectancy.

B.Smokingcanshortenlifeexpectancy.

C.Wehaven'tfoundoutyet.

D.Thereisnoconnectionbetweensmokingandlifeexpectancy.

29.聽(tīng)力原文：W:ThisschoolisluckytohaveateacherasgoodasProf.HelenJohnson.

M:Sheisoneinamillion.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.TeacherslikeProf.Johnsonarerare.

B.Prof.Johnsonhaswonamilliondollars.

C.TherearemanyteachersasgoodasProf.Johnson.

D.Prof.Johnsonislikelytobeteachingatthatschool.

30.

【B5】

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

Whatistheattitudeoftheshopperstowardsthewrapper?

32.

Duringthefirstperiodofdemographichistory,societieswereoftenindangerofextinctionbecause______.

A.onlyoneintenpersonscouldlivepast40

B.therewashighermortalitythanfertilityinmostplaces

C.itwastoodangeroustohavebabiesduetothepoorconditions

D.ourancestorshadlittleenthusiasmformorechildren

33.Itcanbeinferredthatwhenachildseehisfatherfeelfearatasnake,heprobably______.

A.regardshisfather'sreactionasfunny

B.feelsscaredbyhisfather'sunusualbehavior

C.learnthefearfromhisfather'sresponse

D.turnstohismotherforparentalprotection

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.Aftermorethan40yearsofparalleldevelopment,the

informationandlifesciences--computingandbiology--are

fusingintoasingle,powerfulforcethatisthefoundationfor

thebiotechcentury.Increasingly,thecomputerusedtodecode,【S1】______.

manageandorganizethevastamountsofgeneticinformation

thatwillberawresourceofthenewglobaleconomy.

Thebiotechcenturypromisesgreatriches:genetically

engineeredplantsandanimaltofeedahungrypopulation;genetically【S2】______.

derivedsourcesofenergyandfibertobuildarenewablesociety;

wonderdrugsandgenetictherapiestoproducehealthierbabies,

eliminatesufferingandextendedhumanlifespan.Butaquestionwill【S3】______.

gauntus:atwhatcost?

Thenewgeneticcommerceraisesmoretroublingissuesthan

anyeconomicrevolutioninhistory.Willtheartificialcreationofcloned【S4】______.

andtransgenicanimalsmeantheendofnatureandsubstitutionofa【S5】______.

bio-industrialworld?Willthemassreleaseofthousandsofgenetically

engineeredlifeformsintotheenvironmentcausecatastrophicpollution

andreversibledamagetothebiosphere?Whataretheconsequencesof【S6】______.

theworld'sgenepoolbecomepatentedintellectualproperty,controlled【S7】______.

exclusivelybyahandfulofcorporations?Whatwillitmeantoliveina

worldwherebabiesaregeneticallyengineeredinthewomb,andthat【S8】______.

peopleareincreasinglyidentifiedandstereotypedonthebasisoftheir

genotype?

Thedebateisnotaboutthesciencebutabouthowweapplythem.【S9】______.

Untilnowthedebatehasengagedaverybroadgroupofmolecular【S10】______.

Biologistsandgovernmentpolicy-makers,thoughthebiotech

revolutionaffectsusall.Withthenewtechnologyfloodingintoour

lives,themomenthascomeforamuchbroaderdebate,onethatinvolves

thewholesociety.

【S1】

35.

【S8】

36.

【S4】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S4】

38.

【S3】

39.

【S5】

參考答案

1.RaisingDogsilltheCityRecentlymoreandmorepeoplebegintoraisedogsinthecity.Youmayfinddogshereandthereinpublicplacesorevenonbuses.Ithasmoreorlessbecomeoneofthelatestfashions.Yetthenegativeeffectsofraisingdogsinthecityareobvious.Tobeginwithitmaypollutetheenvironment.Wecanoftenseedogsdroppingtheirwastearoundthecitywhentheyarewalkedoutdoors.Fewoftheirownerswouldpickitupafterthedogs.Inthesecondplacewithtoomanydogsinpublicplacescasesofdogsattackingpeoplearenotrarenow.Finallythebarkingofdogsmayalsodisturbthequietneighborhood.Inmyviewraisingdogsinthecitymustbeputunderstrictcontrol.Thosewhoraisedogsinthecitymustobserverespectiveregulationsandruleswhichmaykeepthedogsfrompollutingtheenvironmentandthreateningthesafetyofthepeople.Andifsomeonewantstokeepadoginthecityheisrequiredtogetapprovalfromtheneighbors.Onlyinthiswaycanweco-existhappilyandsafelywiththedogsinthecity.RaisingDogsilltheCityRecentlymoreandmorepeoplebegintoraisedogsinthecity.Youmayfinddogshereandthereinpublicplacesorevenonbuses.Ithasmoreorlessbecomeoneofthelatestfashions.Yetthenegativeeffectsofraisingdogsinthecityareobvious.Tobeginwith,itmaypollutetheenvironment.Wecanoftenseedogsdroppingtheirwastearoundthecitywhentheyarewalkedoutdoors.Fewoftheirownerswouldpickitupafterthedogs.Inthesecondplace,withtoomanydogsinpublicplaces,casesofdogsattackingpeoplearenotrarenow.Finally,thebarkingofdogsmayalsodisturbthequietneighborhood.Inmyview,raisingdogsinthecitymustbeputunderstrictcontrol.Thosewhoraisedogsinthecitymustobserverespectiveregulationsandrules,whichmaykeepthedogsfrompollutingtheenvironmentandthreateningthesafetyofthepeople.Andifsomeonewantstokeepadoginthecity,heisrequiredtogetapprovalfromtheneighbors.Onlyinthiswaycanweco-existhappilyandsafelywiththedogsinthecity.解析：[審題]這次考試的寫(xiě)作題屬于常見(jiàn)的三段式作文。要求考生就某一事物或社會(huì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行深入的剖析，并闡述自己的看法和立場(chǎng)。

第一段要介紹養(yǎng)狗已成為一種時(shí)髦。

第二段可以從兩個(gè)或三個(gè)層面來(lái)說(shuō)明其危害。例如破壞環(huán)境衛(wèi)生，威脅他人安全等。

第三段說(shuō)出自己的看法。例如要嚴(yán)格控制，養(yǎng)狗要遵循法規(guī)等。

[提綱]

1.Raisingdogs,oneofthelatestfashions.

2.Thenegativeeffectsofraisingdogs:

pollutetheenvironment

bitepeople

disturbtheneighborhood

3.Myview:

putunderstrictcontrol

approvaloftheneighbors

2.AnEye-witnessAccountofaTrafficAccidentYesterdayafternoonIhappenedtowitnessaterribletrafficaccidentonmywayhomefromschool.Itwas5:30p.m.IwasridingmyfavoriteGiantbackhome.WhenIgottothelastcrossingontheGoldenLionStreettheredlightwason.SoIappliedthebrakesalongwithalongqueueofvehicleswaitingtopass.Justatthatmomentaheavy-loadtruckwithearthroaredforwardatmysideandbumpedagainstaprivateAccordofHondatravelingeastbound.Asaresultthewindshieldofthelorrywasbrokenintopiecesanditsdrivergotfatallywoundedontheheadonthesteeringwheel.ThedriveroftheAccordandhisgirlfriendtheonlypassengerinthecaronlygotminorinjuriesbuthiscarlostitsrearaxelandtwowheels.AsforthecauseoftheaccidentIthinkthedriverofthelorryshouldberesponsible:thelightwasredthen;heshouldhavestoppedandwaited.Itwashewhohadbrokenthetrafficregulations.Inadditionthebadweatherwaspartofthecause.Itwasdrizzlingthenandtheroadwasquiteslippery.Finallydrunkdrivingwasprobablyanimportantfactor.Asthepolicediscoveredonthespottherewasaheavyalcoholicsmellonthedeadbodyofthelorrydriver.AnEye-witnessAccountofaTrafficAccidentYesterdayafternoon,Ihappenedtowitnessaterribletrafficaccidentonmywayhomefromschool.Itwas5:30p.m.,IwasridingmyfavoriteGiantbackhome.WhenIgottothelastcrossingontheGoldenLionStreet,theredlightwason.SoIappliedthebrakes,alongwithalongqueueofvehicleswaitingtopass.Justatthatmoment,aheavy-loadtruckwithearthroaredforwardatmysideandbumpedagainstaprivateAccordofHondatravelingeastbound.Asaresult,thewindshieldofthelorrywasbrokenintopiecesanditsdrivergotfatallywoundedontheheadonthesteeringwheel.ThedriveroftheAccordandhisgirlfriend,theonlypassengerinthecar,onlygotminorinjuries,buthiscarlostitsrearaxelandtwowheels.Asforthecauseoftheaccident,Ithinkthedriverofthelorryshouldberesponsible:thelightwasredthen;heshouldhavestoppedandwaited.Itwashewhohadbrokenthetrafficregulations.Inaddition,thebadweatherwaspartofthecause.Itwasdrizzlingthen,andtheroadwasquiteslippery.Finally,drunkdrivingwasprobablyanimportantfactor.Asthepolicediscoveredonthespot,therewasaheavyalcoholicsmellonthedeadbodyofthelorrydriver.

3.CollegeStudent'sJob-HuntingInrecentyearscollegestudentsfinditdificulttohuntajob.Itsoundsverystrangesincecollegestudentsaretheyoungeliteofsociety.Theyhaverreceivedadvancededucation.Theyareintelligentaspirantandknowledgeable.Theyareeagertolearnandtodotheirbestforsociety.Buthowcomescollegestudentshavedifficultyinfindingjobs?Thereareseveralreasonsforthisstrangephenomenon.Oneimportantreasonisthatnowadayscollegestudentspursuetoohighagoal.Theyarenotsatisfiedwithamerely"good"job.Theycareaboutvariousfactorssuchastheworkingconditionsthesalarytheworkingplace(inthecityorinthecountryside)etc.Thereforealthoughtherearemanyvacantjobswaitingforthecollegestudentstheyareunwillingtoacceptthem.Anotherreasonisthatthemajorssomestudentsstudyincollegedonotfitinwiththedemandsofthevacantjobs.Sotheycanonlyletthejobspassbyregretfully.Howtosolvethisproblem?Inmyopinionthegapbetweenthejobs'demandsandcollegestudents'demandsshouldbebridged.Thecompaniesorfactoriesshouldofferfavorableconditionsforcollegestudentswhilethelatershouldnetfocustheirattentiononlyonthemateralaspectofajob.Theyshouldthinkmoreabouttheirfuturedevelopmentandtheircontributionstosociety.Moreovercollegestudentsshouldrealizetheirowndefectsandfurtherimprovethemselvesinordertomeetwiththeneedsofsociety.CollegeStudent'sJob-HuntingInrecentyears,collegestudentsfinditdificulttohuntajob.Itsoundsverystrangesincecollegestudentsaretheyoungeliteofsociety.Theyhaverreceivedadvancededucation.Theyareintelligent,aspirant,andknowledgeable.Theyareeagertolearnandtodotheirbestforsociety.Buthowcomescollegestudentshavedifficultyinfindingjobs?Thereareseveralreasonsforthisstrangephenomenon.Oneimportantreasonisthatnowadays,collegestudentspursuetoohighagoal.Theyarenotsatisfiedwithamerely"good"job.Theycareaboutvariousfactors,suchastheworkingconditions,thesalary,theworkingplace(inthecityorinthecountryside),etc.Therefore,althoughtherearemanyvacantjobswaitingforthecollegestudents,theyareunwillingtoacceptthem.Anotherreasonisthatthemajorssomestudentsstudyincollegedonotfitinwiththedemandsofthevacantjobs.Sotheycanonlyletthejobspassbyregretfully.Howtosolvethisproblem?Inmyopinion,thegapbetweenthejobs'demandsandcollegestudents'demandsshouldbebridged.Thecompaniesorfactoriesshouldofferfavorableconditionsforcollegestudents,whilethelatershouldnetfocustheirattentiononlyonthemateralaspectofajob.Theyshouldthinkmoreabouttheirfuturedevelopmentandtheircontributionstosociety.Moreover,collegestudentsshouldrealizetheirowndefectsandfurtherimprovethemselvesinordertomeetwiththeneedsofsociety.

4.NoPainsNoGainsNearlyeverycivilizationhasitsownequivalenttotheproverb"Nopainsnogains."Itmeansthatnothingthatisreallyworthdoingcanbegainedwithoutpainstakingeffortsandthatnoknowledgeorskillcanbeacquiredwithoutsweatortoil.Youdon'thavetolookveryfartoprovethetruthoftheproverb.Darwin'sgreatdiscoverywasnottheworkofamomentbutwasprecededbyyearsofpatientarduousobservation.MozartwasnotanaccomplishedpianistattheageofeightastheresultofwatchingcountlesshoursofTV.NordidEdisonmakehimselfthegreatestinventorinthemodernworldbyspendinghissparetimeongoingtopartiesandbars.Hiswords"Geniusis99percentperspirationandonepercentinspiration'revealthesecretofthousandsofsuccessfulmenandwomen.Allaccomplishmentsandsuccesstheyachievedwithoutexceptioncomefromsustainedendeavor.Althoughitisanoldsayinganditsillustrationismainlyfoundinfamouspeoplenopainsnogainsalsohasitsprofoundandrealisticsignificanceinourcollegestudies.Tohaveagoodgradeinacoursetoacquireknowledgeinaparticularfieldandtoattainanyacademicgoals-allrequiresgreatexertionandpersistenteffort.NoPainsNoGainsNearlyeverycivilizationhasitsownequivalenttotheproverb"Nopainsnogains."Itmeansthatnothingthatisreallyworthdoingcanbegainedwithoutpainstakingeffortsandthatnoknowledgeorskillcanbeacquiredwithoutsweatortoil.Youdon'thavetolookveryfartoprovethetruthoftheproverb.Darwin'sgreatdiscoverywasnottheworkofamoment,butwasprecededbyyearsofpatient,arduousobservation.MozartwasnotanaccomplishedpianistattheageofeightastheresultofwatchingcountlesshoursofTV.NordidEdisonmakehimselfthegreatestinventorinthemodernworldbyspendinghissparetimeongoingtopartiesandbars.Hiswords"Geniusis99percentperspirationandonepercentinspiration'revealthesecretofthousandsofsuccessfulmenandwomen.Allaccomplishmentsandsuccesstheyachieved,withoutexception,comefromsustainedendeavor.Althoughitisanoldsaying,anditsillustrationismainlyfoundinfamouspeople,nopainsnogainsalsohasitsprofoundandrealisticsignificanceinourcollegestudies.Tohaveagoodgradeinacourse,toacquireknowledgeinaparticularfield,andtoattainanyacademicgoals-allrequiresgreatexertionandpersistenteffort.

5.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGamesWorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurveysportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlivethestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextdaytheycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."Truethescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper"saysafootballfan"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"ApassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiumswatchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovarietynorchallengenorrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotionssportsofferthepurestformofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayrealitydischargethetensionsofadayatworksatisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurgeandliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackgroundasharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligioneducationandpoliticsbutthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeingssportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGames,WorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurvey,sportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlive,thestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextday,theycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."True,thescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper,"saysafootballfan,"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"Apassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiums,watchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovariety,norchallenge,norrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheacti