2020-2021學年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊教師用書：Unit 1 Science and Scientists 泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成含解析

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020-2021學年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊教師用書：Unit1ScienceandScientists泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成含解析閱讀P7－9教材課文，選擇最佳答案.1．WhydidQianXuesendecidetochangehismajoratuniversity？A．Becausehewantedtogetrespectfromothers。B．Becausehewouldliketodefendhiscountry.C．BecausehewantedtogototheUSforfurtherstudy.D．BecausehefoundRailwayMechanicalEngineeringwasboring。2．WhatmadeQianXuesensooutstandingascientistaccordingtothefirstpassage?A．Hisstronginterestinart.B．HisdifficultiesintheUS。C．Hisgreatleadership。D．Hiscourageandenergy.3．WhendidHawkingfirstbecomefamous？A．Whenhewasstillatuniversity.B．Whenhelosttheuseofhismuscles。C．Afterhesufferedfromaseriousdisease。D．Afterhegraduatedfromuniversity.4．HowwasHawking'sowntheoryprovencorrect？A．Bythesteadystatetheory。B．ByFredHoyle'sstudy。C．Byhisownmistakes。D．Byastronomerswithtelescopes。[答案]1－4BAADWordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識要點1)pourvt。倒出;傾瀉；斟（飲料）(教材P7)Anon。Newtonianfluidisstrangebecauseyoucanpouritlikealiquid,butifyouputanypressureonit，itsuddenlybecomeshardasconcrete.非牛頓流體很奇怪，因為你可以把它像液體一樣倒出來,但如果你對它施加壓力，它會突然變得像混凝土一樣硬。[例1]Afterthemeetingthepeoplepouredoutincrowds.散會后人們成群地涌出來。［例2］Peoplepouredintothehall。人們涌進大廳。［翻譯］烏云密布,下起了傾盆大雨.Thestormcloudsgatheredandtherainpoureddown．[知識拓展］pourin 涌進pourinto 涌進……pourout 倒出；涌出；傾訴pouroutof。.。 從……中涌出來pourdown (雨）傾盆而降[即學即練］單句語法填空①Theraysofthesunpouredinthroughthewindow。②Theriverpoursintothesea.③Sobbing，shepouredoutthewholestory。④Hewasseriouslywounded.Bloodpouredoutofthewound。eq\a\vs4\al（知識要點2)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然開始；爆發(fā)(教材P7)However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry。然而,在1932年“淞滬會戰(zhàn)”爆發(fā)后，錢學森決定轉學航空專業(yè)，因為他意識到中國需要強大的空軍來保護和保衛(wèi)國家。[例1］Somethingunexpectedalwaysbreaksoutinthisarea。在這一地區(qū)總有意想不到的事情發(fā)生。［例2］TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1939年9月。［翻譯]我正在熟睡中，這時突然發(fā)生了火災，而且蔓延得很快。Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebrokeout，andthenitspreadquickly。[知識拓展］breakin 強行進入；打斷breakthrough 突破；沖破breakup 破碎；解散；分手breakoff 斷開；中斷；停頓breakawayfrom 逃脫;脫離breakinto 強行闖入；突然開始breakdown 出故障；垮掉[即學即練］完成句子①Hebrokeintomyhouseandstolemymoney.他闖進我家偷了我的錢。②Themeetingbrokeupateleveno'clock。在11點鐘散會.③Onceyoujointhem,youcanneverbreakawayfromthem。一旦你入了他們的伙，你就永遠不能脫離他們。④Ifyougoonworkinglikethat，youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.如果你繼續(xù)像那樣工作的話，你遲早會累垮的。eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點3)inchargeof主管；掌管(教材P8）Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChina'srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme.他受到了來自祖國的英雄般的歡迎，不僅負責發(fā)展中國的火箭科學，還負責中國的太空和導彈計劃。[例1]I’llbeinchargeofthewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway。下周廠長不在時，我將負責整個工廠。[例2]Thecookisinchargeofthekitchenhelper。這位廚師負責管理幫廚工.［翻譯］這位教師負責這個班.Theteacherisinchargeoftheclass．[知識拓展］takechargeof 掌管/負責……inchargeof 控制/管理……freeofcharge 免費insb.'scharge＝inthechargeofsb. 由……主管(含被動意義)［即學即練]完成句子①Thecompanywasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookchargeofit。公司管理很差,直到她掌管為止。②Theperformershaveallofferedtheirservicesfreeofcharge。演員們都愿意免費出演。③ThecompanyisinthechargeofTomwhenthebossisaway。＝Tomisinchargeofthecompanywhenthebossisaway。當老板不在的時候由湯姆負責公司業(yè)務.eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點4）faultn.弱點;過錯(教材P9）Aboveall，Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults。最重要的是，霍金愿意承認自己的錯誤.［例1］Itwasallmyfault。這都是我的錯.[例2］Thereisafaultinthismachine。這臺機器出了故障。[翻譯］她最大的缺點是話太多。Hergreatestfaultisthatshetalkstoomuch。[知識拓展］findfaultwithsb. 挑剔某人;對某人吹毛求疵findfaultin 看出……的缺點；找出……的毛?。奂磳W即練]單句語法填空①Heisalwaysfindingfaultwithme，whichmakesmeveryangry。②Ican'tfindfaultinyourpaper.Itisperfect.SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al（重點句式)“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級（教材P7)PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina'saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen。也許再沒有哪一位科學家比錢學森對中國航天科學的影響更大了.句式分析：句中no。..greater。。。than為“否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than”結構，表示最高級。［例1］Unfortunately，thetechnologyofclimatechangeisnosimplerthananythingelse.不走運的是，改變氣候的科技比任何事情都要復雜。[例2］Whatawonderfulnovel!Ihaveneverreadamoremovingone。多么好的一本小說??！我從未讀過比這更感人的了。[翻譯]再沒有別的書對我的生活有更大的影響了.Nootherbookhashadagreatereffectonmylife。［知識拓展］表示最高級意義的其他常見結構：never＋比較級nothing/no＋so＋原級＋as...nothing/no＋比較級＋than。。。比較級＋than＋eq\b\lc\｛(\a\vs4\al\co1(any＋單數(shù)名詞,anyother＋單數(shù)名詞，all(the）other＋復數(shù)名詞，anyoneelse，anyoftheother＋復數(shù)名詞，therestof＋復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞))［即學即練]完成句子①Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday．我從來沒有經歷過比這更令人擔憂的一天了.②Tomismoreintelligentthananyotherstudent/alltheotherstudentsinhisclass。湯姆是他班上最聰明的學生。③Nothingisas/soimportantas(＝moreimportantthan）practice.實踐最重要。數(shù)據(jù)信息題——“加減乘除"法[典例剖析］Inarecyclingeconomy，wewouldmakeonesetof100canstostartwith，thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwithrecycledcans.Sincealmost3%ofthemetalislostduringreprocessing，we'dhavetomakeanextra10canseachyear.eq\x(Butinall，only150canswill）eq\x（beusedupoverthecat’slifetime)－andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.Howmanycanswillbeusedupinacat's15-yearlifetimeinarecyclingeconomy?A．50.B．100。C．150。D．250.Ｋ★試題特點數(shù)據(jù)信息題一般需要根據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關數(shù)據(jù)，通過計算（加減乘除)，得出正確的結論?！锝忸}思路Step1：確定題干中的關鍵詞（題干黑體部分)；Step2：根據(jù)關鍵詞定位信息句；Step3：嘗試解答——根據(jù)信息句可知，在循環(huán)經濟中,要養(yǎng)活一只存活15年的貓需要用掉150個罐。故選C?！锩麕燑c津(1）簡單的數(shù)據(jù)可采用“推算法”，即以有關數(shù)據(jù)為基礎，進行簡單的運算。（2）數(shù)據(jù)較多的文章，通常采用“列表法”，即按一定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清晰，為計算打下基礎。［即學即練]AForSale（出售)One.bedroomapartmentIt'snearNo.1HighSchool.Thereisapark，alibraryandasupermarketnearhere。Rightprice.Tel:86825044Time:10：00a．m。－4：00p．m。CityGoodEnglishteachersgiveclassesfrom8：00a．m。to11：00aPleasecallLisaat53545156onweekdays。Time：9：00a．m.－4：00p．m.ForRentOnehundredbikes.Allbikesarenewandcolorful.It'sneartheCenterTenyuanaday。CallMr.Liat33843535everyday。FoundAgreenMP4ontheplaygroundonMondayevening。SeeLinTaoinClass4，Grade7。Room518，BuildingB.IfKangkangwantstolearnEnglishonSaturday,it'llcosthimaday。A．￥50B．￥100C．￥150D．￥200C[瀏覽題目后可知，答案應該在第二個表格CityEnglishCenter內尋找。閱讀表格內信息可以得知，英語課一小時50元，從8：00～11:00一天上課3小時。題目中問康康在周六學英語，一天需花費多少錢?通過分析可得50元/小時×3小時＝150元。因此答案選擇C。］B“Let'sgodownonemore，pushyourenterkey。。."saysavolunteerhelpingseniorcitizensworkawebsessionontheInternet。DavidLansdalehasfoundawaytolightupthelivesoftheelderly。HegetsthemwiredtotheInternet.“Ifyouhityourenterkey，itwillbringupthisparticulare。mail..?！盤aulineAllenisoneofthosewhohasstartedusingtheInternet?！癐thoughtIwasthroughwithlife,Iwasreadyforarockingchair，becauseIwas86yearsold。AndIhaven’tfoundtherockingchairyet.”“Youfoundthekeyboard?”asksthereporter.“That’sright，Ifoundthekeyboard?！盩heaverageageofLansdale'sstudentsisaround68。Allareinnursingorassistedcarehomes.HeusedfamilyrelationshipstointroducethemtotheWorldWideWeb.DavidLansdalesays，“HeretheyareinCalifornia,thefamilywasbackinNewYork，theopportunitytoconnect，tocrossthetimeandspace，wasincrediblypreciousopportunitytothem?！薄癐hearyouaresobeautiful。"LillianSherwritesane.mailtoanewborngreatgranddaughter.Workingwithoneanother，theseniorlearnasagroup.TheylearntomastertheInternetandtoovercomewhatLansdalecallsthemaladiesoftheinstitutionalized：loneliness，helplessness，boredom，andlossofmemory.MaryHarveysays,“Bingojustdoesn’tinterestme。Butthisdoes,believeme，thisdoes?！盢inety.fouryearoldRuthHymanisastarpupilandinstructor。Shesays，“WhenIsendalettertomygrandchildren,andgreatgrandchildren，theyhangitupintheiroffices,justlik