23年高考英語(yǔ)外刊閱讀理解訓(xùn)練：我們需要永久的夏時(shí)令

23年高考英語(yǔ)外刊閱讀理解訓(xùn)練:我們需要永久的夏時(shí)令Thisyear,aswespringforwardourclocksonthesecondSundayofMarchfordaylightsavingtime,itsworthreflectingontheantiquatednatureofthistwice-yearlyritual.WhileabillauthoredbySen.MarcoRubio(R-FL)seekstokeepAmericaonpermanentdaylightsaving,andatleast18otherstateshavealsopassedsimilarresolutions,clock-switchingpersistsasanineffableremnantofhistoricallegislationthatwas,foraperiod,intendedtosaveenergy.TheentiretyoftheU.S.adopteddaylightsavingtimeinpartoverhalfacenturyagotoconserveenergy,butstudieshaveshownthatthisaimhasnotsignificantlybeenachieved.Whenweswitchtheclocksabruptly,ourcircadianrhythmscanbethrownoffleadingtopoorsleepandillhealth.SomestudieshaveevensuggestedthattheremaybealinkbetweenthesetimeWhileabillauthoredbySen.MarcoRubio(R-FL)seekstokeepAmericaonpermanentdaylightsaving,andatleast18otherstateshavealsopassedsimilarresolutions,clock-switchingpersistsasanineffableremnantofhistoricallegislationthatwas,foraperiod,intendedtosaveenergy.這句話同樣結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，包含一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和兩個(gè)并列的主句，并使用了一些過(guò)去分詞和形容詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)描述歷史事件的性質(zhì)。Moreover,onlytwostates-ArizonaandHawaii-haveeschewedthepracticeofdaylightsavingtimeinthecontinentalUnitedStates;theformerensuresthatno-oneoutsideArizonaeverknowswhattimeitisthere.這句話包含一個(gè)用分號(hào)連接的并列短語(yǔ)作為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，其中前半句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，而后半句則是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并嵌套了一個(gè)名詞性從句作為賓語(yǔ)?！驹俅未痤}】Whatisthepurposeofdaylightsavingtime?ToconserveenergyToincreasetrafficaccidentsToimprovesleephealthTomaketheworldlesswintryWhichtwostatesdonotusedaylightsavingtimeincontinentalUnitedStates?CaliforniaandArizonaFloridaandHawaiiArizonaandHawaiiNewYorkandTexasWhatcanhappentooursleepandhealthwhenweswitchtheclocksabruptly?WemayhaveimprovedsleepqualityWemayfeellesstiredduringthedayOurcircadianrhythmscanbethrownoffWemayexperiencefewertrafficaccidentsWhydocitizenswanttogetridofdaylightsavingtime?ToincreasepoliticalpolarizationBecauseitmakestheworldbrighterBecauseit'sanoutdatedtraditionthatcausesphysicalharmBecauseitleadstobettersleephealthLA解析：文章第一段提到，美國(guó)全境采用夏令時(shí)有一部分原因是為了節(jié)省能源。該問(wèn)題的答案可在該段最后兩句話找至II。C解析：根據(jù)文章中〃只有亞利桑那和夏威夷這兩個(gè)州沒有使用夏令時(shí)〃，選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。C解析：文章提到，〃當(dāng)我們突然調(diào)整我們的表針時(shí)，可能會(huì)破壞我們的生物鐘，導(dǎo)致睡眠質(zhì)量變差和健康不佳?！–解析：文章最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)廢除夏令時(shí)的呼聲,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在認(rèn)識(shí)到這些突然的改變對(duì)我們的身體和幸福有害，政治家們可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)獨(dú)特的機(jī)會(huì)去推動(dòng)議員通過(guò)這樣的法案。changesandincreasedtrafficaccidentsandheartattacks.Moreover,onlytwostates-ArizonaandHawaii-haveeschewedthepracticeofdaylightsavingtimeinthecontinentalUnitedStates;theformerensuresthatno-oneoutsideArizonaeverknowswhattimeitisthere.Ascitizenstrytoadapttoawintryworldrenderedlessbrightandwithworkhoursthatmightfluctuatefromweektoweek,thereseemslittlemeritorperhapsoutrightirksomenesstocontinuingtomakethisswitch.Withagrowingrecognitionthattheseabruptclockchangesaredetrimentaltoourphysicalandwell-being,U.S.politiciansmayfindthatnowisanopportunemomenttounitebehindbillssuchastheonethatSen.Rubioproposedlastyear,particularlygivenhisbeliefthatpoliticianscanunifyonbanningsuchancientrules.PeopleinCaliforniaandotherstatesthathaveshownsupportforrepealingthelawshouldcallontheirelectedofficialstoendthislegacy.Whilethebillmaynotpasssuccessfullyduetopoliticalpolarization,politiciansmustrealizethattheyhaveanimportantroletoplayindrivingchange:supportinglegislationthatprimarilybenefitsconstituentsbyrecognizingandendingoutdatedtraditions. 改編自Endtime-shiftinsanity!GiveuspermanentdaylightsavingtimenowWhatwastheoriginalpurposeofdaylightsavingtime?Tosaveenergy.Toincreaseproductivity.Toreducetrafficaccidents.Toimprovepublichealth.HowmanystateshavepassedresolutionstoenddaylightsavingtimeintheUS?2.18.20.All50states.Inwhattwostatesdoesdaylightsavingtimenotexist?CaliforniaandFlorida.ArizonaandHawaii.AlaskaandMontana.MaineandNewHampshire.Whatisthepotentialnegativeconsequenceassociatedwithabruptclockchanges?Increasedenergyconsumption.Poorsleepandillhealth.Lowerworkproductivity.Fewerhoursofdaylight.Whatistheauthor'sopinionregardingdaylightsavingtime?Itshouldbecontinued.Itshouldberepealed.Itisbeneficialforimprovingpublichealth.Itisanimportanttraditiontouphold.【答案解析】A解析：原文提到美國(guó)在半個(gè)多世紀(jì)之前采用了統(tǒng)一的夏令時(shí)，其主要目的是為了節(jié)約能源。B解析：文章中提到至少18個(gè)州已經(jīng)通過(guò)決議或表態(tài)表示支持廢除夏令時(shí)的想法。B解析：文章內(nèi)容明確提到只有亞利桑那州和夏威夷州不執(zhí)行夏令時(shí)規(guī)定。B解析：文章中提到突然更改時(shí)間可能會(huì)破壞我們的生物鐘，導(dǎo)致睡眠質(zhì)量下降和身體健康受損。B解析：文章主要闡述夏令時(shí)規(guī)定的歷史和影響，最后作者認(rèn)為支持廢除這一陳規(guī)的立法可以擴(kuò)大政治共識(shí)，讓人們擁有更好的生活?！驹~匯總結(jié)】daylightsavingtime夏令時(shí)ritual儀式conserve節(jié)約aim目標(biāo)circadianrhythms晝夜節(jié)律illhealth疾病link連接eschewed避開practice實(shí)踐continental大陸的adapt適應(yīng)wintry寒冷的fluctuate波動(dòng)merit優(yōu)點(diǎn)irksomeness煩惱detrimental有害的physical身體的well-being健康opportune時(shí)機(jī)適宜的unite統(tǒng)一ban禁止politicians政治家California加利福尼亞州repeal廢除legacy遺產(chǎn)successfully成功地polarization極化realize實(shí)現(xiàn)important重要的role角色drivingchange推動(dòng)變革legislation立法constituents選民recognizing承認(rèn)outdatedtraditions過(guò)時(shí)的傳統(tǒng)antiquated古老的bill法案authoredby...由…起草的permanent永久的resolutions決議clock-switching調(diào)整鐘表ineffable無(wú)法形容的historicallegislation歷史性立法energyconsumption能源消耗abrupt突然的trafficaccidents交通事故heartattacks心臟病發(fā)作eschew避開electedofficials當(dāng)選官員banishingancientrules廢止陳規(guī)【全文翻譯】今年，當(dāng)我們?cè)谌碌诙€(gè)星期日向前撥動(dòng)時(shí)鐘進(jìn)入夏令時(shí)時(shí)，值得反思這種兩次年度例行公事的過(guò)時(shí)性質(zhì)。雖然由佛羅里達(dá)州參議員馬可?魯比奧(R-FL)提出的一項(xiàng)法案旨在讓美國(guó)一直保持夏令時(shí)，而且至少有其他18個(gè)州也通過(guò)了類似的決議，但時(shí)間調(diào)整仍然是歷史立法不可言喻的遺跡，而當(dāng)初的目的是為了節(jié)省能源。美國(guó)全境半個(gè)多世紀(jì)前采用了夏令時(shí)的制度，部分原因是為了節(jié)約能源，但研究表明，這個(gè)目標(biāo)并沒有顯著實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)我們突然調(diào)整時(shí)鐘時(shí)，會(huì)擾亂我們的生物鐘，導(dǎo)致睡眠質(zhì)