安徽省淮北市宋廟初級中學(xué)2021年高三英語測試題含解析

安徽省淮北市宋廟初級中學(xué)2021年高三英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.Youcancongratulateyourself_____havingdoneanexcellentjob.A.on

B.at

C.for

D.in參考答案：A2.You’dbetterhaveyourshoes

.

A.mending

B.tomend

C.mend

D.mended參考答案：D3.—Tony,whyareyoureyesred?—I______uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.A.cut B.wascutting C.hadcut D.havebeencutting參考答案：D4.IusedtodrinkalotofteabutthesedaysI

coffee．

A．prefer

B．preferred

C．havepreferred

D．a(chǎn)mpreferring參考答案：A5.Anyone_____bags．boxes,orwhatever,wasstoppedbythepolice．A．seencarry

B．seencarrying

C．sawtocarry

D．seentobecarrying參考答案：B6.—IbelieveTomtobeagreatbusinessmanlikeBillGatesinthefuture.—Whydoyouthinkso?—Becauseheis________inbusiness.A.aspoorasachurchmouse

B.assharpasaspearC.asbusyasabee

D.asslyasafox參考答案：B略7.Toreduceemissionsofgreenhousegases,manycountriesareincreasingtheuseofnaturalgas,windandotherformsof_______energy.A.alternative

B.original

C.abandoned

D.precious參考答案：A8.Thisgroupofdesigners

aplanfortheprojectofthecompany．A.drewup

B.sentup

C.setup

D.turnedup參考答案：A略9.Thissmallseasidevillageisaperfectplaceforholidayssothatvisitorsneverleaveit

．

A．feltdisappointing

B．feelingdisappointed

C．feelingdisappointing

D．feltdisappointed參考答案：B

10.Wemustn’twasteanything.________,youshouldn’twastetime.

A.Afterall

B.Aboveall

C.Atall

D.Inall參考答案：B11.一CanIhavethedocumentrightnow?

一Ofcourse．WaitaminuteandI’llhavemysecretary

itforyou

A．toprint

B．printing

C．printed

D．print

參考答案：D

12.Undergoodtreatment,Lindaisbeginningto_________andwillsoonrecover.

A.pickup

B.turnup

C.takeup

D.showup參考答案：A13.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,______suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.A.sending

B.tosend

C.havingsent

D.tohavesent參考答案：A14.Sometimesthebestisnotavailabletous,andwejust______theexistingsituation.A.settlefor

B.substituteforC.answerfor

D.makefor參考答案：A【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有時我們得不到最好的，我們只能滿足于現(xiàn)狀。A.settlefor勉強接受；B.substitutefor取代；C.answerfor對……負責(zé)；D.makefor朝……前進。由“notavailabletous,”和“just”可知，settlefor符合語境。故A選項正確。15.20．Thislargesumofdonationmoneywillbegivento

losttheirhomesintheearthquake．

A．whoever

B．who

C．whom

D．whomever參考答案：A略16.Hestillremembers_______toShanghaiwhenhewasachild,buthehasavagueimpressionnow.A.totake B.taking C.havingtaken D.beingtaken參考答案：D二、完型填空17.Thesearchfornew,cleanenergysourceshaveoccupiedtheattentionofscientistsandpoliticiansforyears.Onecommon___21___forgreenenergyisthewind.Anewtwistonthisoldresourcecouldcauseenergyoutputofwind-powerplantstoincreasegreatly.Standardwindpowerplantsrelyonstrongsupportand___22___canonlyreachtheheightof200metersorso.Higherthanthat,windstendtobestrongerandsteadier,butthechallengeis___23___howtoobtaintheenergyfromthosewinds.DelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlandsandKarlsruheUniversityofAppliedSciencesinGermanyhaveformedakite-powerresearchgroup.Thegroupisworkingtodevelopkiteswithinflatable(可充氣的)wings___24___toelectricalgenerator(發(fā)電機)ontheground.Theresearchgroup'sgoalistodesignakitethatcanoperateonitsownfor24hours.Researchhasbegun,butmanychallengesremain,includingmakingthegeneratormore___25___andperfectingtheautomaticflightcontrolandstructureofthekites.Nevertheless,inJune2012,theydemonstratedthattheirkitescouldoperate___26___atanaltitudeofupto700meters.Meanwhile,inItaly,researchersareworkingona(n)___27___powergeneratorthatreliesonkiteswhenthegeneratorcalledKiteGen,senseswindblowing,kitesare___28___fromtheendofpoleswithhigh-resistancecablestocontroltheirheightandangle.Thesecablesareabletomovethekitesifthesystemsensescomingobject___29___planes,helicoptersorevenindividualbirds.Thekitesthemselvesarelight,toughandabletoreachfairlyhighaltitude.Theloop(繞行)aroundinthewind,whichsetsthecenterofthegeneratorinemotion___30___electriccurrent.KiteGenhasthe___31___tobeverycost-effectiveinthelongrun.Aftertheoriginalcostofdesigningandsettinguptheplant,little___32___investmentwillbenecessary,apartfromstandardmaintenance.Theplantalsorequires___33___littlespace,whichmakesitidealforcitiesandmeansthatmultipleplantscanbesetuptoprovideevenmore___34___.Kitepowerhasthepotentialtogreatly___35___oncurrentwindpowerstrategies.Inthefuture,itmaybeanefficientcostefficientsupplementtotheothersourcesofenergyuseorevenareplacementforsomeofthem21.A.resolution B.proposal C.resource D.substitute22.A.generally B.frequently C.continually D.regularly23.A.carryingout B.figuringout C.breakingout D.pickingout24.A.chosen B.applied C.collected D.connected25.A.efficient B.complete C.powerful D.positive26.A.actively B.passively C.automatically D.artificially27.A.strange B.similar C.different D.original28.A.fastened B.revealed C.tailored D.released29.A.exceptfor B.insteadof C.suchas D.dueto30.A.producing B.inventing C.promoting D.developing31.A.qualification B.potential C.trend D.intention32.A.normal B.formal C.additional D.alternate33.A.concretely B.abstractly C.thoroughly D.ly34.A.energy B.strength C.technology D.opportunity35.A.focus B.extend C.improve D.transfer參考答案：21.C

22.A

23.B

24.D

25.A

26.C

27.B

28.D

29.C

30.A

31.B

32.C

33.D

34.A

35.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了荷蘭DelftUniversityofTechnology和德國KarlsruheUniversityofAppliedSciences組成了一個風(fēng)箏動力研究小組，同時，在意大利的研究人員也在進行相似的實驗，針對風(fēng)能這一古老資源的新改造可能會使風(fēng)力發(fā)電廠的能源產(chǎn)量大幅增加?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.resolution解決；B.proposal提議；C.resource資源；能源；D.substitute替代品。根據(jù)上文清潔能源已經(jīng)困惱科學(xué)家和政客們很多年，而風(fēng)能是最常見的一種“能源”，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.generally通常；B.frequently頻繁地；C.continually不斷地；D.regularly定期地。句意：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的風(fēng)力發(fā)電廠依靠強大的支撐，通常只能達到200米左右的高度。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.carryingout實施；B.figuringout算出；弄清楚；C.breakingout爆發(fā)；D.pickingout選出。句意：高于這個數(shù)值，風(fēng)就會變得更強更穩(wěn)定，但挑戰(zhàn)在于弄清楚如何從這些風(fēng)中獲取能量。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.chosen選擇；B.applied應(yīng)用；C.collected收集；D.connected連接。句意：該小組正在研制一種風(fēng)箏，這種風(fēng)箏的充氣翅膀與地面上的發(fā)電機相連。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.efficient有效率的；B.complete完全的；C.powerful強大的；D.positive積極的。句意：研究已經(jīng)開始，但仍有許多挑戰(zhàn)，包括使發(fā)電機更有效率和完善自動飛行控制和風(fēng)箏的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.actively活躍地；B.passively被動地；C.automatically自動地；D.artificially人工地。句意：然而，在2012年6月，他們證明了他們的風(fēng)箏可以在700米的高空自動飛行。故選C。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.strange陌生的；B.similar相似的；C.different不同的；D.original原始的。由上文meanwhile可知兩組實驗“相似”，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.fastened固定；B.revealed揭露；C.tailored裁制；D.released釋放。由下文可知一感知到風(fēng)的吹拂，高阻電纜就會將風(fēng)箏從桿子的一端釋放出來，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A.exceptfor除了；B.insteadof而不是；C.suchas例如；D.dueto因為。根據(jù)下文planes,helicoptersorevenindividualbirds可知此處表示列舉，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.producing產(chǎn)生；B.inventing發(fā)明；C.promoting促進；D.developing發(fā)展。句意：在風(fēng)的作用下，使發(fā)電機的中心產(chǎn)生電流的回路。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.qualification資格；B.potential潛能；C.trend趨勢；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)后文可知KiteGen在長遠看來有可能是非常劃算的潛能。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.normal正常的；B.formal正式的；C.additional附加的；D.alternate交替的。句意：除了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的維護外，在設(shè)計和建造工廠的原始成本之后，幾乎不需要額外的投資。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.concretely具體地；B.abstractly抽象地；C.thoroughly徹底地；D.ly相對地。這種植物相對地也只需要很少的空間，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.energy能量；B.strength力量；C.technology技術(shù)；D.opportunity機會。這種植物會提供更多的能量，故選A。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.focus集中；B.extend延伸；C.improve改善；D.transfer轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：風(fēng)箏能源有潛力大大改善目前的風(fēng)力發(fā)電策略。故選C?！军c睛】calculate、figureout、workout的區(qū)別calculate側(cè)重于【精確到數(shù)字的計算】；figure更傾向于【估算,估計】,而且多不是數(shù)字方面的事情；workout一般是指解決問題，制定計劃等。如workoutaprogram（制定計劃）。第三小題中需要弄清楚的是如何從風(fēng)中獲取能量，不屬于數(shù)字方面的事情，故選B。三、閱讀理解18.Neuroscientistshaveexplainedtherisky,aggressiveorjustplainbafflingbehaviorofteenagersastheproductofabrainthatissomehowcompromised.Groundbreakingresearchinthepast10years,however,showsthatthisviewiswrong.Theteenbrainisnotdefective.Itisnotahalf-bakedadultbrain,either.Ithasbeenforgedbyevolutiontofunctiondifferentlyfromthatofachildoranadult.Themostimportantoftheteenbrain’sfeaturesisitsabilitytochangeinresponsetotheenvironmentbymodifyingthecommunicationnetworksthatconnectbrainregions.Itallowsteenagerstomakeenormousprogressinthinkingandsocialization.Butthechangealsomakesthemsensitivetodangerousbehaviorandseriousmentaldisorders.Themostrecentstudiesindicatethattheriskiestbehaviorsarisefromamismatchbetweenthematurationofnetworksinthelimbicsystem(邊緣系統(tǒng)),whichdrivesemotionsatadolescence,andthematurationofnetworksintheprefrontalcortex（前額皮質(zhì)）,whichoccurslaterandpromotessoundjudgmentandthecontrolofimpulses.Indeed,wenowknowthatone’sprefrontalcortexcontinuestochangenoticeablyuntilhis20s.Andyetadolescenceseemstobestartingearlier,extendingthe“mismatchyears.”Theplasticityofnetworkslinkingbrainregions—andnotthegrowthofthoseregions,aspreviouslythought—iskeytoeventuallybehavinglikeanadult.Understandingthat,andknowingthatawideninggapbetweenthedevelopmentofemotionalandjudgmentnetworksishappeninginyoungpeopletoday,canhelpparents,teachers,counselorsandteenagersthemselves.Peoplewillbetterseethatbehaviorsuchasrisk-takingandturningawayfromparentsandtowardpeersarenotsignsofcognitiveoremotionalproblems.Theyareanaturalresultofbraindevelopment,anormalpartofadolescentslearninghowtonegotiatewithacomplexworld.Thesameunderstandingcanalsohelpadultsdecidewhentointervene.A15-year-oldgirl’sdeparturefromherparents’tastesinclothing,musicorpoliticsmaybeasourceofanxietyforMomandDadbutdoesnotindicatementalillness.A16-year-oldboy’stendencytoskateboardwithoutahelmetortoacceptriskydaresfromfriendsisnotunimportantbutismorelikelyasignofshort-rangethinkingandpeerpressurethanadesiretohurthimself.Knowingmoreabouttheuniqueteenbrainwillhelpallofuslearnhowtoseparateunusualbehaviorthatisage-appropriatefromthatwhichmightindicateillness.Suchawarenesscouldhelpsocietyreducetheratesofteenaddiction,motorvehicleaccidentsanddepression.28.Whatistheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinparagraph1?A.disabled.B.unmatured.C.intelligent.D.effective.29.Whatcanweknowaboutthechangeabilityofteen’sbrains?A.Itisadouble-edgedsword.B.Itispredictableandavoidable.C.Itresultsfromseriousfunctionaldisorders.D.Itisrelatedtotheirbraindevelopmentinthechildhood.30.Thelimbicsystemandtheprefrontalcortexarementionedinparagraph3to

.A.showthedifferencesbetweenthemB.explainwhatleadstoteens’riskiestbehaviorC.explaintherelationshipbetweenearlyadolescenceandthemD.showhowthemismatchbetweentheirmaturationofnetworkshappens31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofthenewdiscovery.B.Theimportantroleadultsinteenagers’development.C.Possiblecognitiveandemotionalproblemsofteenagers.D.Long-termprospectsfortheresearchofteenagers’brains.參考答案：28-31.AACA19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

HertaMüller,theRomanian-bornGermanwriter,haswonthe2009NobelPrizeforLiterature．TheawardwasannouncedinStockholmonThursday．

Ms．Müller,56,immigratedtoGermanyfromRomaniain1987．SheisthefirstGermanwritertowintheNobelinliteraturesinceGünterGrassin1999andthe13thwinnerwritinginGermansincetheprizewasfirstgivenin1901．Sheisthe12thwomantowintheliteratureprize．ButunlikepreviouswinnerslikeDorisLessingandV．S．Naipaul,Ms．MüllerislyunknownoutsideofliterarycirclesinGermany．

“Iamverysurprisedandstillcannotbelieveit,”Ms．MullersaidinastatementdeliveredbyherpublisherinGermany．“Ican’tsayanythingmoreatthemoment．”

Shehaswrittensome20books,butjust5havebeentranslatedintoEnglish,includingthenovels“TheLandofGreenPlums”and“TheAppointment．”

AtthenewsconferenceonThursdayattheGermanPublishers&BooksellersAssociationinBerlin,whereshelives,Ms．Müller,wearingallblackandsittingonaleopard-printchair,appearednervouswithallthecamerasflashingonher．

WhenaskedwhatitmeantthathernamewouldnowbementionedinthesamebreathasGermangreatslikeThomasMannandHeinrichB?ll,Ms．Müllerremainedphilosophical．“IamnownothingbetterandI’mnothingworse,”shesaid,adding:“Myinnerthingiswriting．That’swhatIcanholdonto．”

Earlierintheday,atanewsconferenceinStockholm,PeterEngland,secretaryoftheSwedishAcademy,saidMs．Müllerwashonoredforher“very,verydistinctspeciallanguage”andbecause“shehasreallyastorytotellaboutcrueltyandrepressioninavillagemuchliketheoneMüllergrewupin．”

TheawardsceremonyisplannedforDec．10inStockholm．Asthewinner,Ms．Müllerwillreceiveabout$1．4million．36．Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingstatementsarewrong