英文寫(xiě)作多媒體_第1頁(yè)
英文寫(xiě)作多媒體_第2頁(yè)
英文寫(xiě)作多媒體_第3頁(yè)
英文寫(xiě)作多媒體_第4頁(yè)
英文寫(xiě)作多媒體_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩72頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

英文寫(xiě)作多媒體課件第一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ManuscriptFormatandPunctuationManuscriptFormatPunctuation第二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ManuscriptFormatPagesCapitalizationWordDivision第三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Pages

OnonesideonlySkipeveryotherline3cmmargin~~top2cm~left,right,bottom2cmindentation2linesbetweentitleandthebodyCapitalizewordsinthetitle第四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Capitalization

FirstwordofeverysentenceThefirstandthelastwordsinthetitles,andalltheotherwords(includingwordsfollowinghyphens)exceptarticles,coordinatingconjunctions(and,or,but,for,etc.),shortprepositions,andthetoininfinitives,e.g.第五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三CapitalizationTitlesbeforenamesDays,months,holidaysKinshipterms第六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WordDivision

Dividewordsbetweensyllables,Dividebetweendoubleletters,prefix/suffixandthestem:bet-ter,be-foreDividehyphenatedwordsatthehyphen,Thehyphenisputattheend,notatthebeginningofalineNottodividepropernamesDon’tdividewordsinamisleadingway第七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三

Don’tleaveasingleletterattheend\beginningofalineDon’tleaveatwo-lettersyllableatthebeginningofalineDon’tdividemorethan2linesinsuccessionDon’tdividethelastwordofaparagraph/page,writethewholeonthenextpage第八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Italics(=underline)TostateaexampleToemphasizewords,phrases,sentencesTitlesofbooks,newspapers,films,TVprograms,plays(書(shū)里某一篇文章的題目用引號(hào))Toindicateforeignwords第九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三PunctuationPeriod.Questionmark?Exclamationmark!Comma,Semicolon;Colon:Parentheses()Brackets[]Dash—Slash/Quotationmarks“”Apostrophe’Hyphen-Ellipsispoints…第十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三PeriodToendasentenceUsedafterinitialsandabbreviations(e.g.)第十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三QuestionmarkUsedafteradirectquestionAfteradeclarativesentence/asentencefragmentthatfunctionasaquestion(e.g.)第十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ExclamationmarkToshowstrongfeelingsAfteraninterrogativesentencewhenanironyoremphatictoneismoreimportantthanthequestion.(e.g.)第十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三CommaSeparatecoordinateclauses(分隔并列從句)separateadverbialelement(e.g.3種情況)SeparatethreeormoreitemsinaseriesSeparateconjunctiveadverbs(分隔連接副詞)Separateparentheticalelementsorappositive(分隔插入語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ))Otheruses(e.g.)第十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三SemicolonLink2closelyrelatedindependentclausesthatarenotjoinedbycoordinateconjunctions(e.g.)Beforeaconjunctiveadverbthatconnectsthe2clauses(e.g.)Usedinaseriesbetweentermsthatalreadycontaininternalpunctuation(e.g.)第十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ColonToexplain,illustrate,restate,amplifyorsummarize(e.g.)Tointroduceaseriesoralonglist(e.g.)Tointroduceaquotation第十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ParenthesesToprovideexamples,exclamations,definitions,orsupplementaryinformationToenclosebibliographicalreferences,crossreferencesandin-textreferencesToenclosenumbers/lettersforenumeration第十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三BracketsToenclosetheeditorialexplanations/correctionswithinthequotedmaterialTofunctionasparentheseswithintheparentheses第十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三DashToindicatethesuddenchangeinthoughtorinthestructureofthesentenceTomakeaninterruption/suspensionintheflowofthoughtToexplain,amplify,summarizeSpecialuses(e.g.)第十九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三QuotationmarksToenclosedirectquotationWordsdirectlytakenfromothersourcesWordsusedwithspecialmeaningEnclosetitleofessays,poems,articles,shortstories,songsAroundwords,phrase,lettersusedasthesubjectofdiscussionoraroundawordreferredtoasawordinsteadofforitsmeaningNicknamesorwordsusedironicallyTheplacewhereotherpunctuationsareputwhenusedwith“”(e.g.8-10)第二十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ApostropheToindicatethepossessivecaseofnouns/indefinitepronounsToindicateacontraction/omissionoflettersToformpluralsofnumbers,letters,abbreviationsandwordsreferredtoaswords.第二十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三HyphenTolinkelementsincompoundwordsUsedwithprefixesTodivideletters/syllablestoproducetheeffectofstammering,sobbing,orhesitatinginspeechTomarktheworddivision第二十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三EllipsispointsToindicatetheomissionToindicateincompletestatements,hesitationinspeech,orinterruptionsinthought第二十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WordsandrhetoricaldevicesUsingappropriatewordsUsingappropriaterhetoricaldevices第二十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WordsTypesofwordsMeaningsofwordsChoiceofwords第二十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三TypesofwordsCommonwords,technicalwords,andnonstandardwordsIntermsofstylisticeffect:formalwords,informalwordsCommendatorywordsandderogatorywordsAbstractwordsandconcretewordsNativewordsandforeignwordsSynonymsandantonymsGeneralandspecificwords(e.g.)第二十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三FormalandinformalwordsFormalwordsarealsocalled“big”words,mainlyappearinformalwriting,suchasscholarly,theoretical,andpoliticalworks,etc.(e.g.)Informalwordsarealsoknownascommonwords,theyappearinallkindsofwritingColloquialwordsaremainlyusedinconversation(e.g.)第二十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三DistinguishsynonymsIntheshadeofmeaning,that’sindegree(e.g.)InemotionalcolorInformalityIncollocation第二十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三MeaningofwordsDenotation,asdefinedbythedictionaryConnotation,thefeelingortheideasuggestedbytheword(e.g.)第二十九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Choiceofwords:dictionDictionisdecidedbythepurpose,thetopicandtheintendedaudienceCommon/informalwords:generalpurposeformal/nonstandardwords:specialpurposeSpecific/concretewords:givingdetailsgeneral/abstractwords:makingsummariesUseidiomaticwordsandexpressionsUseexactwordsthatbestsuitthecontentandstyleAvoidclichés第三十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三RhetoricaldevicesSimileMetaphorMetonymySynecdocheTransferredepithetPersonificationPunHyperboleunderstatementIronyParadoxOxymoronEuphemismParallelismAntithesisClimaxandanticlimaxRhetoricalquestions第三十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三SimileDefinition:anexplicitcomparisonbetweentwoormorethingswhichareessentiallydifferentbuthaveatleastonepropertyorcharacteristicincommonUsuallyintroducedby:like,as,as…as,asif,asthough,etcCommonform:AislikeB(e.g.)第三十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三MetaphorDefinition:acomparisonwhichisnotexplicitlystated,instead,itisimpliedorcondensedCommonform:AisB.(e.g.)Otherforms(e.g.)Typesandexamples第三十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三MetonymyDefinition:substitutionofthenameofAforthatofBwithwhichitiscloselyassociatedTypesandexamples第三十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三SynecdocheDefinition:asubstitutionofthepartforthewholeandthewholeforthepartExamples第三十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三TransferredepithetDefinition:transferringanadjectiveordescriptivephrasefromthenounitshouldmodifytoanotherwordassociatedwiththatnounExample第三十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三PersonificationDefinition:totreatathingoranideaasifitwerehumanorhadhumanqualitiesFunction:tomakedescriptionmorevividandmoreimpressiveExamples第三十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三PunDefinition:aplayontheformandmeaningofwordsFunction:itisamusingandcanmakethewritingmorecolorfulExamples第三十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三HyperboleDefinition:adeliberateoverstatementorfancifulexaggerationFunction:toachieveemphasisExamples第三十九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三UnderstatementDefinition:deliberatelyunderstatingafactExamples第四十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三IronyDefinition:useofwordswhichareclearlyoppositetowhatismeantorintendedFunction:emphaticandamusingExamples第四十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ParadoxDefinition:useaseeminglyself-contradictoryandabsurdstatementorpropositiontoexpresssomethingwhichistrue,well-foundedorsuccinctExamples第四十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三OxymoronDefinition:acompressedparadoxExamples第四十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三EuphemismDefinition:substitutionofanagreeableorinoffensiveexpressionfortheoffensiveorunpleasantoneTopicforsubstitution:illness,death,oldage,toilethabits,etc.Examples第四十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ParallelismDefinition:toemploythedeliberatearrangementofasuccessionofparallelconstructiontoachieveemphasisExamples第四十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三AntithesisDefinition:toarrangecontrastingwordsorideasdeliberatelyinbalancedstructuralformstoachieveemphasisExamples第四十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ClimaxandanticlimaxClimax:toarrangeasuccessionofthoughtaccordingtotherateofsignificanceorintensity,inanascendingorder(e.g.)Anticlimax:toarrangeinadescendingorder(e.g.)第四十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三RhetoricalquestionsDefinition:aself-evidentquestionwhichseldomdemandsanexplicitanswerFunction:toexpresstheindignationorastonishment,toexpressstrongfeelingsExamples第四十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WritingcorrectandappropriatesentencesTypesofsentencesWrongandinappropriatesentencesstructureWordorderandemphasisofsentencesContent-orientedsentences第四十九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三TypesofsentencesClassifiedaccordingtofunction:declarative,interrogative,imperative,exclamatoryClassifiedaccordingtostructure:simple,compound,complex,compound-complexClassifiedaccordingtolength:longandshort(theuseoflongandshortsentences)Classifiedaccordingtorhetoric:loose散句,periodic圓周句,andbalancedsentences第五十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WrongandinappropriatesentencesstructureCompletesentences,minorsentencesandsentencefragmentsRun-onsentences,commasplicesandcommafaultsChoppysentencesMisplacedanddanglingmodifiersPronounreferenceUnnecessaryshifts第五十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三SentencesfragmentsDefinition:asequenceofwordsthathasnosubjectorpredicatebutisusedasasentenceComparedwithminorsentences(legitimatesentencefragments)Waystocorrectsentencefragments(e.g.)第五十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Run-onsentencesDefinition:twoormorecompletethoughts(orindependentclauses)thatareruntogetherwithoutadequatesigngiventomarkthebreakbetweenthem.Towotherforms:commasplicesandcommafaultsWaystocorrectthem(e.g.)第五十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ChoppysentencesDefinition:disconnectedjerkysentencesexamples第五十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三MisplacedmodifiersMisplacedmodifiers:amodifierappearssofarfromwhatitissupposedtomodify,thisinturnwouldchangethesense,orevenmakeitridiculous.Typesandwaystocorrectit(e.g.)第五十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三DanglingmodifiersDefinition:itisagroupofwordsthathasnogrammaticalconnectiontoanyelementinthesentence.Typesandwaystocorrectit(e.g.)第五十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三PronounreferenceFaultypronounreference:itariseswhenapronounhasmorethanonepossibleantecedent,whenitsantecedentisimpliedorunspecified,orwhenithasnoantecedentatall.Types(e.g.)第五十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三UnnecessaryshiftsDefinition:itisasuddenandinexplicableshiftinthepointofviewusedbythewriter.Itwillleadtoconfusion.Typesandwaystocorrectit(e.g.)第五十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三WordorderArelativelyfixedsentenceorder:subject+predicateverb+(object/complement)theadverbialismobileTopic-heavyandEndfocus第五十九頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三SentenceemphasisPostponement:thenewinformation,themostimportantpointliesintheendandachievesemphasisFronting:othersentenceelement(exceptthesubject)takesthebeginningplaceofasentenceEmphaticsentences:usedifferentsentencetypesEmphasiswithinsentences:changethenormalwordorder,thepartofspeech,thevoice第六十頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三Content-OrientedSentencesUnityCoherenceConcisenessClarityvariety第六十一頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三UnityDefinition:oneandonlyoneunifiedthoughtFiveimplications:first,second,third,fourth,andfive.Waystoachieveunity:Subordinationandcoordination(e.g.)第六十二頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三CoherenceDefinition:thenaturalflowinsenseandthereasonableconnectionWaystoachievecoherence:bytheuseofconjunctions;theeuseoftheinformationstructure;thethematicstructure,etc.Avoidincoherence:choppysentences,ambiguousreference,misplacedordanglingmodifiers,andconfusingshifts,etc.第六十三頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ConcisenessDefinition:savingunnecessarywordsBecarefuloftheuseofexpletives(填充詞):itandthereAvoidredundancy(e.g.)第六十四頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ClarityWaystoachieveclarity:usedefinite,specialandconcretelanguageratherthangeneral,vagueandabstractlanguage.第六十五頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三varietyDifferenttypesofsentencesexpressdifferentideasandsuitdifferentpurposes.Thechoiceofsentencetypesandpatternsisdeterminedbythecontentandthecontext.Sentencevariety(e.g.)第六十六頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三DevelopingparagraphsTopicsentenceandtransitioninparagraphsStrategiesforparagraphdevelopment第六十七頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三TopicsentenceDefinition:asentencethattellsthemainideaofaparagraph.Itcanappearorbeimpliedinaparagraph.Itcanbeplacedatthebeginning,attheend,inthemiddle,orbothatthebeginningandtheend.第六十八頁(yè),共七十七頁(yè),編輯于2023年,星期三ControllingideaHelpsthereadertoseethemainideaoftheparagraphandkeepsthewriteradheringtothetopic.Waystohelpwiththewritingofacontrollingideainatopicsentence:makethecontrollingideareallystatethetopictobedevelopedasspecificaspossibleandmakesurethatthecontrollingideawillbreakdownintotherightnumberofpartstobewrittenaboutinaparagr

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論