2020年珠海市紫荊中學(xué)高三英語一模試題及答案解析

2020年珠海市紫荊中學(xué)高三英語一模試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ALocatedbesideLakeGeneva,theOlympicMuseumhousesmorethan10,000artificialobjectsandhoursofinteractivecontentshighlightingsomeofthebestmomentsduringtheOlympics.Herearesomeofthemuseum’smostmovingmoments.TheOlympicParkThejourneythroughtheOlympicMuseumbeginsintheOlympicPark,an8,000-square-meteroutdoorareainfrontofthemuseumoverlookingLakeGenevaandtheAlps.Theparkcontainsartworkandsculpturesthatshowrespecttotheworldofsport.ThefirstOlympicSymbolThe“OlympicRings”flagwasdesignedbyCoubertinin1913.TheringsrepresentthefivecontinentsthatparticipateintheOlympics:Africa,Asia,America,AustraliaandEurope.Thesixcolor1sincludeatleastonecolor1thatisrepresentedontheflagofeverycountry.TheStadiumsThestadiumsthathosttheOlympicGamesareasmuchofacelebrationofdesignasthegamesareacelebrationofsportsmanship.GuestscanexploreplansandmodelsofOlympicstadiums’pastandpresent,includingoneofthegames’mostattractivestadiums,theBird’sNestfromBeijing2008Olympics.TheOlympicMedalsHaveyoueverwonderedwhatanOlympicmedallookslike?TheOlympicMuseumhasaroomthathouseseverybronze,silver,andgoldmedalfromeveryOlympicGamesdatingbacktothefirstmodernOlympicsof1896.Eachmedaldesignisauniquerepresentationoftheyearandlocationinwhichthegameswereheld..WhichmomentdoyouseefirstwhenexploringtheOlympicMuseum?A.TheOlympicPark. B.ThefirstOlympicSymbol.C.TheStadiums. D.TheOlympicMedals..WhatcanyoudointhesectionofTheStadiums?A.Celebratethegloryofasportsman. B.Meetthedesignersofthestadiums.C.Explorethefuturestadiums. D.EnjoythemodeloftheBird’sNest.nwhichcolumnofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Science.C.Travel. D.Business.BHaveyoueverdonesomethingforsomeoneelse—knowingthatyouractionswouldsolelybenefitTHEMandnotYOU?Maybeyouopenedadoorordonatedbloodorvolunteeredinahospital’sERduringthepandemic.Thisiscalledaprosocialbehavior.Humansengageinthesetypesofbehaviorsallthetime.Butaquestionremainsinscience:Arewetheonlyspecieswhodothis?Asoneofoutclosests,chimpanzeeshavelongbeenstudiedforsignsofthis.Sofar,researchhasprovidedmixedresultsonthequestion.Somestudiesshowthatchimpscooperativelyhunt,sharefoodandcomforteachother.Butonestudycametoaverydifferentconclusion.Thestudyusedacontrolledlabexperimentwherechimpanzeesinenclosuresweregiventwooptions:pushabuttontogivefoodtothemselvesorpushthebuttontogivefoodtothemselvesANDapartnerchimp.Iftheychosethelatter,itwasseenasaprosocialbehavior.Buttheresultisthatchimpsshowednospecialpreferencesforfeedingthemselvesandafriendoverfeedingjustthemselves.AnotherstudyconductedbyDeTroy,however,discoveredatotallydifferentresult.Comparedtopreviouscontrolledlab-basedexperiments,thesetupforDeTroy’sresearchwasverynaturalistic.“Weinstalledabuttonandafountainintothechimpanzees’outerenclosures.Whenanindividualpushesthebutton,itreleasesjuicefromthefountain.However,sincethebuttonandfountainareapproximatelyfivemetersapart,theindividualpushingcannotdirectlydrinkfromthefountain.Andifanyotherchimpanzeesareatthefountainwhenthebuttonispushed,they,andnotthepusher,willbeabletodrinkthejuice.Inthisexperiment,chimpanzeesshowedawillingnesstoactintheinterestofothers,withindividualchimpanzeespreparedtopushthebuttonwithoutbenefitingthemselves.“Itisreallyfascinatingtoseethatmanyofthechimpanzeeswerewillingtoprosociallyprovidevaluableresourcestothegroupmemberseveniftheycouldn’tbenefitthemselvesfromtheirbehavior.”saidDeTroy.Furtherresearchmayrevealwhatliesbehindtheirprosocialmotivation.Butfornow,it’ssafetoassumethatchimpanzeesarenotsimplyapinghumanbehavior.Whichofthefollowingbelongstoprosocialbehaviors?Jackparticipatedinvoluntaryworkinthelibraryjusttoearncredits.Markturnedtohisclassmateforhelpwhenfeelingstressfulinstudy.Timguidedalostchildbackhomeonhiswaytoanimportantjobinterview.Roseofteninterruptedtheteachertoaskquestionsactivelyinthemath’sclass.Whatisthetaskofthechimpanzeesinthelab-basedstudy?A.Sharingfood. B.Makingachoice.C.Comfortingothers. D.Showingsympathy.HowisDeTroy’sstudydifferentfromthepreviousones?Itwasbasedoncontrolledlabexperiment.Itgavejuicetothechimpanzeesasareward.Itofferedthetestedchimpanzeesanaturalsurrounding.Itprovidedachanceforchimpanzeestohelptheirpartners.WhatcanwelearnfromDeTroy’squotes?Chimpanzeescandevelopabilitiestohelpothers.Chimpanzeeshaveacquiredmanyhumanbehaviors.Chimpanzeesinthewildisclevererthanthoseinthelab.Chimpanzeesdisplayedprosocialbehaviorsforcertainrewards.CSimplybeingquietisagrowingappeal.Lotsofbusinesshaveappearedtomeetarisingdemandforquiettime,fromsilentweekendgetawaystosilentdining,silentreadingpartiesandevensilentdating.Silencecanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Weareusuallysilentonlywiththoseclosesttous.Sothereissomethingalmostradical（不同凡響的）abouttherecenttrendtowardsenjoyingsilencewithstrangers.MarielstartedaregularsilentreadingpartyinDundeejustunderayearago.Readersbringtheirbooksandmeetinabar,wheretheyreadtogetherinsilenceforanhourorsometimestwoandthenputtheirbooksawaytochatandhaveadrink.“Whenthereadingpartystarts,everythinggoesquiet,”saysMariel,“It’salittlebitsurreal（超現(xiàn)實(shí)的）,especiallyinwhatisusuallyanoisybar.However,thereissomethingspecialaboutsharingthesilencewithothers.Itoffersachancetoescapefromreality;everyoneissobusywithworkandwithtechnologybeingeverpresent.Aneventlikethisgivespeopletheopportunitytoescapethesethingsforawhile.”HoniRyanisanartistbasedinBerlinwhobeganhostingsilentdinnerbackin2006.Therulesofthedinnerare:notalking,nousingyourvoice,noreadingorwriting,tryingtomakeaslittlenoiseaspossible,notconnectingwithtechnology,andstayingforatleasttwohours.SofarshehastakenhersilentdinnerprojecttoMexico,theUS,AustraliaandChina.“It’sevidentthattheage-oldconnectionswemakeoverfooddonotdependonthewordsaroundit.Silencecreatesthespaceforthepeopleandplacesinvolvedtofillwithwhateverisneeded;itisquitedifferentfromourusualsocialbehaviors.”Whyhavelotsofsilentbusinessesappeared?Tosatisfypeople’sdemandforsilence.Tomakepeoplegetclosetoeachother.Toappealtoyoungpeople.Tochangepeople’soldwayoflife.WhatcanwelearnaboutMariel’ssilentreadingparties?Readerscanusetheirvoicewhilereading.Readerscanbebusywiththeirwork.Readerscanconnectwithtechnology.Readerscanchatanddrinkafterreading.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.noise B.space C.silence D.foodWhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EscapefromReality. B.EnjoyingBeingQuiet.C.SilentReadingParties. D.SilentDiningProjects.DBrianHamilton'slifechangedinaprisonwhenhewenttherewithhisfriend,ReverendRobertJ.Harris,whooftenwenttolocalprisonstodoministrywork.Duringthevisit,Hamiltonstartedtalkingtooneoftheprisonersandaskedwhathewasgoingtodowhenhegotout.“Hesaidhewasgoingtogetajob,”Hamiltonrecalls.“Ithoughttomyself,wow,that’sgoingtobedifficultwithacriminalbackground.”TheconversationmadeHamiltonconsiderhowtohelpthosewhocameoutfromprison.Finallyin2008,16yearsafterthatinitialconversation,HamiltoncreatedInmatestoEntrepreneurs,anonprofitorganizationthathelpspeoplewithcriminalbackgroundsstarttheirownsmallbusinesses.Atthetime,Hamiltonwasbuildinghisowncompany,asoftwaretechnologycompanyforthebankingindustry.Ashiscompanygrew,sodidHamilton’stimedevotedtogivinglessonstoprisoners.HeaveragedthreetofourcoursesamonthatprisonsthroughoutNorthCarolina.Eventually,Hamiltondecidedtoshifthisfocustohistruepassion.InMay2019,hesoldhiscompanyandfocusedonhelpingthosewhowereimprisoned.Hisonlinecourseswillbesetnextyear.“ByMarch1,2022,anyonewillbeabletoaccessthecourses,eithertobecomeacertificatedinstructorortoaccessitforthemselvesasaprisonerorpartofthegeneralpopulation,”Hamiltonexplained.Inaddition,hevisitsmiddleschoolsandpresentsthecoursetoat-riskstudentsasapreventativemeasureagainstcrime.ThefreecourseisfundedbytherecentlyestablishedBrianHamiltonFoundation,whichoffersassistancetomilitarymembersastheyreturntocivilianlifeandprovidesloansosmallbusinesses.“Startingupabusinessisn'tforeveryone,butifwemakeopportunitiesavailable,andletpeopleknowthatotherpeoplecareaboutthem,itmakesadifference.”Hamiltonsaid.WhydidBrianHamiltonwenttoaprison?A.Heaccompaniedhisfriend. B.Hetooklessonsintheprison.C.Hewantedtogetajobintheprison. D.Hehadafriendwhowasinprison.WhatcanbeinferredaboutInmatestoEntrepreneurs?A.Itoftenassistsmilitarymembers.BItprovidesloanstosmallbusinesses.C.Itscoursehasbeenlargelybroadened.D.Itisanorganizationintendedforbusinessmen.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesHamilton?A.Heisamanwhoalwayschangeshismind. B.Hehasasenseofsocialresponsibility.C.Heisgoodatrunningabigcompany. D.Hemakesmoneybygivinglessons.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Amanmadeafruitlessvisittotheprison.Amansoldhisbusinesstoteachprisoners.Amanrealizedhisdreamofbeingateacher.Amansuccessfullycreatedtwoorganizations.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Itcanbereallyfrustratingwhenyouwanttostandupforyourselfbutalwaysfeelthetearscoming—especiallywhenyouknowthatwhatyouhavetosayisvalidandimportant. 16 orthatyou'restuckinthesamesituationeverytime.Wehopethatwiththehelpofthesestrategies,you'llbeabletostandupforyourself,andgaintherespectthatyoudeserve.Takingdeepbreathsactivatesanaturalrelaxationresponse.Ifyoufeellikeyou'reabouttocry,you'relikelyfeelingstressedandoverwhelmed.Bytakingdeepbreaths,you'resendingamessagetoyourbraintocalmdown—yourheartrate,bloodpressure,andbreathingwillalldecrease. 17 Anotherwaytopreventyourselffromcryingistodeliberatelypausealittle.Ratherthangoingonandon,saywhatyouwanttoandthenstopandwaitfortheotherpersontorespond. 18 Butifyouletyourselfgetcaughtupinyourfrustrationandsadnessallatonce,youmaybemorelikelytobegincrying. 19 Youmayfindyourselfcryingbecauseyoulackconfidenceinyourself,butresearchhasfoundthatyourbodyposturecanactuallymakeyouthinkmorepositiveaboutyourselfTrytostandstraight,plantyourfeetwide,andkeepyourheadup—youmayfeelbetteraboutyourworthandwhatyouhavetosay.It'sokayifyouaren'tsuccessfulonyourfirstcoupleoftries.It'simportanttorecognizethatnotonlyiscryingacommonandunderstandablereactiontoemotionaldistress,butthatyoucanstillmakeastandandgetyourpointacrossevenifyouarecrying. 20 ,sobeeasyonyourselfduringthejourney!You'llgetbetterwithtimeandpracticeCryingisusuallyregardedasasignofweaknessThismayhelpyoufeelmorerelaxedandgroundedHavingbetterbodyposturecanboostyourconfidenceYetyoushouldn'tfeellikethere'snowaytodealwithitYou'llmeetdifferentdifficultiesandchallengesintheprocessEvenifyouhavealottosay,you'llbeabletogettoitintime第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Amouselookedthroughaholeinthewalltoseethefarmerandhiswifeopeningapackage.Hewasveryfrightenedthatitwasamousetrap.___21___tothefarmyard,themouseannouncedthe___22___“Thereisamousetrapinthehouse!Thereisamousetrapinthehouse!Raisingherhead,the___23___whowaslookingforfoodsaid,“Mr.Mouse,thisisa___24___problemforyou,butitisofnoimportancetome;Icannotbebotheredbyit.”Themouse___25___thepigandtoldhim,“Thereisamousetrapinthehouse.”“Iamso___26___,Mr.Mouse,sympathizedthepig,“butthereisnothingIcandoaboutitto___27___you.”Themouseturnedtothecow,whoreplied,“Doesamousetraphave___28___todowithme?AmIingreatdanger?”Themousewasvery___29___andthenhereturnedtothehouseto 30 themousetrapalone.Thatverynightasoundofthemousetrap 31 itspreywasheard. 32 thefarmer'swiferushedtoseewhatwascaught,shewas 33 bythepoisonoussnakethetraphadcaught.Inthedarkness,shedidnotseeitwasabigpoisonoussnakewhosetailthetraphadcaught.Shegotahighfeversoon,sothefarmerkilledthechickentocook 34 chickensoupforher.Her 35 becameworsesothatfriendsandneighborscameto 36 withherdayandnight.To 37 them,thefarmerkilledthepig.However,thefarmer'swifedidnotgetwell,unfortunately,she 38 andmanypeoplecameforherfuneralsothatthefarmerhadthecowkilledtoprovide 39 forallofthemtoeat. 40 thenexttimeyouhearthatsomeoneisfacingaproblem,youshouldtryyourbesttohelphimorherbecauseitmayconcernyouinalargerdegree.21.A.TravelingB.LeadingC.PointingD.Returning22.A.ideaB.mindC.warningD.story23.A.cowB.pigC.snakeD.chicken24.A.seriousB.differentC.strangeD.normal25.A.arriveatB.turnedtoC.askedforD.movedto26.A.sorryB.gladC.excitedD.honest27.A.giveB.helpC.showD.teach28.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing29.A.tiredB.ashamedC.disappointedD.satisfied30.A.buyB.protectC.hideD.face31.A.findingB.meetingC.catchingD.watching32.A.BeforeB.IfC.AfterD.When33.A.encouragedB.attractedC.bittenD.beaten34.A.saltyB.freshC.bitterD.sweet35.A.sicknessB.workC.temperatureD.problem36.A.quarrelB.sitC.sleepD.go37.A.feedB.pleaseC.supportD.invite38.A.diedB.escapedC.recoveredD.changed39.A.boneB.breadC.meatD.soup40.A.ButB.AndC.For D.So第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Hi!MynameisAdamandI'ma___41.___atseniorhighschool.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybig___42.___.Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosesthe___43.___ones:math,English,chemistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,butIhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.Myadviser___44.___thatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI'mgoodatit.Itriedtojointheschoolfootballteam,butthecoachtoldmethatIdidn'tplaywellenough.___45.___,Iwasunhappy,butIwon'tquit.I'llfindawaytoimproveonmyownsothatIcan___46.___theteamnextyear.Ijoinedavolunteerclubinstead.Every