2023年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案

2023年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Ifshe（

）herefforts,shewillsucceed.問題1選項(xiàng)A.goesonB.retainsC.holdsintoD.maintains2.單選題Whethertheirfootballteamwillwinisamatterof（

）tome.問題1選項(xiàng)A.indifferenceB.discriminationC.deviationD.interests3.單選題TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.問題1選項(xiàng)A.scatteredB.overflowedC.permeatedD.manipulated4.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisionstotheCouncilforTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights(the“CouncilforTRIPS”)Criminallawisdistinctivefortheuniquelyseriouspotentialconsequencesoffailuretoabidebyitsrules.Everycrimeiscomposedofcriminalelements.Anelementofacrime(collectivelycalledelementsofcrime)isabasicsetofcommonlawprinciplesregardingcriminalliabilitythat,withfewexceptions,constitutetheessentialelementstoprovethatthedefendantcommittedacrimeunderUnitedStateslaw.Thejurymustbeconvincedbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantcommittedeachelementoftheparticularcrimechargedbeforedecidingonaguiltyverdict.Thecomponentpartsthatmakeupanyparticularcrimevarydependingonthecrime.Thebasiccomponentsarementalstate(Mensrea),conduct(Actusreus),concurrenceandcausation.However,thetwonecessaryelementsthatmustcoexistforacrimetoexististhatthedefendantmusthavecommittedanactandthatactmusthavebeencommittedintentionally.5.單選題Asnowfallconsistsofmyriadsofminuteicecrystalsthatfalltothegroundintheformoffrozenprecipitation.Theformationofsnowbeginswiththeseicecrystalsinthesubfreezingstrataofthemiddleandupperatmospherewhenthereisanadequatesupplyofmoisturepresent.Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus,asolidparticleofmatteraroundwhichmoisturecondensesandfreezes.Liquidwaterdropletsfloatingintheupperatmosphereandfreeicecrystalscannotcoexistwithinthesamecloud,sincethevaporpressureoficeislessthanthatofwater.Thisenablestheicecrystalstorobtheliquiddropletsoftheirmoistureandgrowcontinuously.Theprocesscanbeveryrapid,quicklycreatingsizableiceCrystals,someofwhichadheretoeachothertocreateaclusteroficecrystalsorasnowflake.Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.Typically,snowflakesinactualsnowfallsconsistofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.ThePacificOceanisthesourceofmoistureformostsnowfallswestoftheRockyMountains,whiletheGulfofMexicoandtheAtlanticOceanfeedwatervaporintotheaircurrentsoverthecentralandeasternsectionsoftheUnitedStates.Othergeographicalfeaturesalsocanbethesourceofmoistureforsomesnowstorms.Forexample,areasadjacenttotheGreatLakesexperiencetheirownaddition,mountainoussectionsorrisingterraincaninitiatesnowfallsbythegeographicalliftingofamoistairstream.1.Whatisatthecenterofanicecrystal?2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?3.Ifasnowfallcontinuessometimesinceitbegins,wecanconcludethat（

）.4.Howdolake-effectsnowstormsform?問題1選項(xiàng)A.Asmallsnowflake.B.Anucleus.C.Adropofwater.D.Ahexagon.問題2選項(xiàng)A.Aminusculenucleusisakindofsolidparticleofmatter.B.Thefreeicecrystalscangrowcontinuously.C.Inactualsnowfalls,weusuallyfindthatsimpleflakespossesssymmetricalshapes.D.Forasnowstorm,theremustbeanadequatesourceofmoisture.問題3選項(xiàng)A.thereisplentyofmoisture.B.theremustbeasourceofwaternearbyandthetemperaturewillfall.C.thesnowflakeconsistsofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.D.thereareairstreams’motionsfromoverwatersurfacetohigherregions.問題4選項(xiàng)A.Watertemperaturesdropbelowfreezing.B.Moisturerisesfromalakeintoairstreams.C.Largequantitiesofwetaircome-offanearbymountain.D.Millionsoficecrystalsformonthesurfaceofalargelake6.單選題Thattruckdrivernolonger（

）himselfindrinkingafterexperiencingtheaccident.問題1選項(xiàng)A.inducedB.immersedC.devotedD.indulged7.單選題Ifyourevealyourfriend’ssecrets,youwill（

）him.問題1選項(xiàng)A.lureB.disturbC.alienateD.control8.單選題Mr.Mortongradually（

）theknowledgeofthesubject.問題1選項(xiàng)A.attainedB.requiredC.acquiredD.enquired9.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.一個(gè)人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎?提出一個(gè)絕對(duì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)然很困難；但是，大體上看一個(gè)人對(duì)待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，看他對(duì)待勞動(dòng)、工作等等的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對(duì)這個(gè)人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙?jì)了。古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動(dòng)、多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時(shí)間白白地浪費(fèi)掉。我國歷代的勞動(dòng)人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。10.單選題Withourmagnificentnewcollegesoffurthereducation,thesuper-polytechnicsspringinguplikemushrooms,andourmuchvauntedincreaseofstudentsinfull-timeeducation,onevitalpointisbeinglefttousofeducationalthinking.Whatwillitearn?Because—sadasitmayseemtothosewhobelieveinits-mind-broadening,horizon-wideningandstaminatestingqualities—youcan'teateducation.Thereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillallreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwiththeaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.Thereason?Universitymedicalschoolscanonlyfindplacesforhalforthosewhoapply.ItseemstomethatthetimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandProductivityandtheDepartmentofEducationandSciencetogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthoftalent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingfittedawayoncertificates,diplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.Theymightmakeastartbyreintroducingagenuine“General”CertificateofEducation.Inthedayswhenitmeantsomething,thiswascalledtheSchoolCertificate.Employerslikedit,becauseitindicatedproficiencyinEnglish,Arithmetic,ScienceandHumanities—inotherwords,thatyouhadanall-roundeducation.Youcoulduseitasaspringboardtohighereducation,butitactuallymeantsomethinginitself,ineveryindustryforchemicaltoclothing.1.TheusefulnessofGeographycoursesisrestrictedmainlybecause（

）.2.Incontrastwiththeaircraftindustry,hospitals（

）.

3.“Industry”(Line4,Para....3)means（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“noonewantstoknowabout”(Line5,Para.3)?問題1選項(xiàng)A.therearenogoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertisedB.GeographygraduatescanonlybeteachersC.GeographygraduatesarenotallowedtodothejobsrelatedtoGeographyD.Geographygraduatesarenotqualifiedformanyjobsduetothepoortrainingtheyreceivedinschool問題2選項(xiàng)A.arefullofqualifiedpersonnelB.havemorequalifiedpersonnelthanschoolsC.needmorequalifiedpersonnelthantheycangetD.needfewerpersonnelthanotherorganizations問題3選項(xiàng)A.businessB.hardworkC.tradeD.educationalsystem問題4選項(xiàng)A.Nooneknowsaboutthem.B.NoonehastheideaoftheuseofthemC.ThereisnointerestinordemandforthemD.Thereisnouseinknowingaboutthem第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】D【解析】同義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)goon“繼續(xù)”，后面需接介詞with；B選項(xiàng)retain“保持，保留”；C選項(xiàng)holdinto無此搭配；D選項(xiàng)maintain“維持，繼續(xù)”。句意：如果她繼續(xù)努力，她會(huì)成功的。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。2.【答案】A【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)indifference“漠不關(guān)心，冷淡，不重視”；B選項(xiàng)discrimination“歧視，差別”；C選項(xiàng)deviation“偏差”；D選項(xiàng)interest“興趣，愛好”。句意：他們的足球隊(duì)是否會(huì)贏對(duì)我來說無關(guān)緊要。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。3.【答案】C【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)scattered“分散的，散亂的”；B選項(xiàng)overflowed“溢出的”；C選項(xiàng)permeated“滲透，彌漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢著；D選項(xiàng)manipulated“操作”。句意：在中國的外國學(xué)生洋溢著大量的中國文化氣息。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。4.【答案】各成員均必須實(shí)行本協(xié)定中的規(guī)定。各成員可以但并無義務(wù)，在其法律中實(shí)施比本協(xié)定要求更廣泛的保護(hù)，只要此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定。各成員有權(quán)在其各自的法律制度和實(shí)踐中確定實(shí)施本協(xié)定規(guī)定的適當(dāng)方法。在本協(xié)定中，“知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”一詞系指屬于本協(xié)定第二部分第1節(jié)至第7節(jié)中的所有類別的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)。各成員應(yīng)根據(jù)本協(xié)定的規(guī)定給予其它成員以國民待遇。對(duì)于相應(yīng)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，其它成員的國民被認(rèn)為是符合《巴黎公約（1967）》、《伯爾尼公約（1971）》、《羅馬公約》和《關(guān)于集成電路的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)條約》中所規(guī)定的保護(hù)資格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自然人或法人，即WT0的所有成員似乎都已加入了這些公約。任一運(yùn)用了《羅馬公約》第五條第3款或第6條第2款規(guī)定的可能性的成員，均應(yīng)根據(jù)這些條款的預(yù)告，通知“與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)理事會(huì)（TRIPS理事會(huì)）”。刑法因未能遵守其規(guī)定導(dǎo)致的無可匹敵的嚴(yán)重潛在后果而是與眾不同的。每項(xiàng)罪行由犯罪要素構(gòu)成。一項(xiàng)罪行的一個(gè)要素（共同地被稱為犯罪要素）是一套基本的關(guān)于刑事責(zé)任的普通法法則，而這些法則極少例外地構(gòu)成了證明被告在美國法律之下犯罪的基本要素。在確定一項(xiàng)有罪裁定之前，陪審團(tuán)必須無疑地確信被告犯了所被指控的特定罪行的每一個(gè)要素。組成任何特定罪行的構(gòu)成要素依據(jù)罪行而變化。基本的要素是心理狀態(tài)（犯罪意圖），行為（犯罪行為），同時(shí)發(fā)生和起因。然而，對(duì)于一項(xiàng)罪行存而必須并存的兩個(gè)必要要素是被告一定要犯下一個(gè)罪行且那個(gè)罪行是故意犯下的。5.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:D第4題:B【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus...每個(gè)冰晶的核心都有一個(gè)極小的核....”選項(xiàng)B正確。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.簡(jiǎn)單的雪花有各種美麗的形狀，通常是六角形的，盡管雪花在大多數(shù)顯微鏡圖像下再生的形狀是對(duì)稱的，但通常在實(shí)際的降雪過程中卻不是這樣的。”由此可知，選項(xiàng)C表述不正確。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段一二句“Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應(yīng)核。這種水分是由氣流通過水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！边x項(xiàng)D符合原文。選項(xiàng)A中“plenty”不準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)該是“constant”；選項(xiàng)B中的溫度在文中沒有涉及；選項(xiàng)C與題干無關(guān)；只有選項(xiàng)D正確，所以本題選D。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)上一題的分析“如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應(yīng)核。這種水分是由氣流通過水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B正確。6.【答案】D【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)induce“誘導(dǎo)”；B選項(xiàng)immerse“浸入”；C選項(xiàng)devote“致力于”；D選項(xiàng)indulge“沉溺，滿足，放任”。句意：在經(jīng)歷了那次事故后，那個(gè)卡車司機(jī)就不再放任自己喝酒。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。7.【答案】C【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)lure“誘惑”；B選項(xiàng)disturb“打擾，妨礙”；C選項(xiàng)alienate“使疏遠(yuǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)control“控制”。句意：如果你揭露朋友的秘密，你將會(huì)和他疏遠(yuǎn)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。8.【答案】C【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)attain“達(dá)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)require“要求”；C選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得，學(xué)到”；D選項(xiàng)enquire“詢問”。句意：Morton先生漸漸掌握了這門課程的知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。9.【答案】Whatisthesigni